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Ahrens AP, Hyötyläinen T, Petrone JR, Igelström K, George CD, Garrett TJ, Orešič M, Triplett EW, Ludvigsson J. Infant microbes and metabolites point to childhood neurodevelopmental disorders. Cell 2024; 187:1853-1873.e15. [PMID: 38574728 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study has followed a birth cohort for over 20 years to find factors associated with neurodevelopmental disorder (ND) diagnosis. Detailed, early-life longitudinal questionnaires captured infection and antibiotic events, stress, prenatal factors, family history, and more. Biomarkers including cord serum metabolome and lipidome, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype, infant microbiota, and stool metabolome were assessed. Among the 16,440 Swedish children followed across time, 1,197 developed an ND. Significant associations emerged for future ND diagnosis in general and for specific ND subtypes, spanning intellectual disability, speech disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism. This investigation revealed microbiome connections to future diagnosis as well as early emerging mood and gastrointestinal problems. The findings suggest links to immunodysregulation and metabolism, compounded by stress, early-life infection, and antibiotics. The convergence of infant biomarkers and risk factors in this prospective, longitudinal study on a large-scale population establishes a foundation for early-life prediction and intervention in neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica P Ahrens
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 702 81, Sweden
| | - Joseph R Petrone
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Kajsa Igelström
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Neurobiology, Linköping University, Linköping 58185, Sweden
| | - Christian D George
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Matej Orešič
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro 702 81, Sweden; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Eric W Triplett
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA.
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital and Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping 58185, Sweden
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2
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Milivojac T, Grabež M, Krivokuća A, Maličević U, Gajić Bojić M, Đukanović Đ, Uletilović S, Mandić-Kovačević N, Cvjetković T, Barudžija M, Vojinović N, Šmitran A, Amidžić L, Stojiljković MP, Čolić M, Mikov M, Škrbić R. Ursodeoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic bile acids attenuate systemic and liver inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04994-2. [PMID: 38578526 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces general inflammation, by activating pathways involving cytokine production, blood coagulation, complement system activation, and acute phase protein release. The key cellular players are leukocytes and endothelial cells, that lead to tissue injury and organ failure. The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytoprotective properties of two bile acids, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in LPS-induced endotoxemia in rats. The experiment involved six distinct groups of Wistar rats, each subjected to different pretreatment conditions: control and LPS groups were pretreated with propylene glycol, as a bile acid solvent, while the other groups were pretreated with UDCA or CDCA for 10 days followed by an LPS injection on day 10. The results showed that both UDCA and CDCA reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines: TNF-α, GM-CSF, IL-2, IFNγ, IL-6, and IL-1β and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) induced by LPS. In addition, pretreatment with these bile acids showed a positive impact on lipid profiles, a decrease in ICAM levels, an increase in antioxidant activity (SOD, |CAT, GSH), and a decrease in prooxidant markers (H2O2 and O2-). Furthermore, both bile acids alleviated LPS-induced liver injury. While UDCA and CDCA pretreatment attenuated homocysteine levels in LPS-treated rats, only UDCA pretreatment showed reductions in other serum biochemical markers, including creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and high-sensitivity troponin I. It can be concluded that both, UDCA and CDCA, although exerted slightly different effects, can prevent the inflammatory responses induced by LPS, improve oxidative stress status, and attenuate LPS-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Milivojac
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - M Grabež
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - A Krivokuća
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - U Maličević
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - M Gajić Bojić
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Đ Đukanović
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - S Uletilović
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Republic of Srpska, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - N Mandić-Kovačević
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - T Cvjetković
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Republic of Srpska, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - M Barudžija
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, The Republic of Srpska, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - N Vojinović
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - A Šmitran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, The Republic of Srpska, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lj Amidžić
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - M P Stojiljković
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - M Čolić
- Medical Faculty Foča, University of East Sarajevo, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - R Škrbić
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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3
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Kikuchi M, Koizumi A, Namisaki T, Asada S, Oyama M, Tomooka F, Fujimoto Y, Kitagawa K, Kawaratani H, Yoshiji H. Improvement of liver histology in hepatic sarcoidosis due to treatment with corticosteroids and ursodeoxycholic acid: a case report. Clin J Gastroenterol 2024; 17:327-333. [PMID: 38300407 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-023-01918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
We report the case of a 48-year-old male with a history of pulmonary and ocular sarcoidosis. Non-caseating granulomas, identified histologically, are the most characteristic manifestation of sarcoidosis. Hepatic sarcoidosis is difficult to diagnose using radiological imaging. In the patient reported in this study, ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans identified multiple intra-abdominal lymphadenopathies, with evidence of liver and splenic infiltrations. The first liver biopsy revealed non-caseating granulomatous hepatitis consistent with hepatic sarcoidosis. The patient was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), but his laboratory parameters did not improve. Prednisone was initiated at a dose of 30 mg daily and slowly tapered. At a dose of 12.5 mg daily, marked improvements in the fibrotic and sarcoid-like lesions were noted at the second biopsy. A third biopsy was performed, with the patient on a prednisone taper of 5 mg/day showed mild fibrous expansion in the portal tracts and mild parenchymal necro-inflammatory lesions. However, overall, fibrosis marker levels remained stable over the course of treatment. A fourth biopsy was performed after a 5-year course of 5 mg/day prednisone. This revealed minimal lobular inflammation without fibrosis. Thus, treatment of this patient with corticosteroids and UDCA resulted in marked improvements in his biochemical and histological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Kikuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Aritoshi Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Tadashi Namisaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Shouhei Asada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masafumi Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Fumimasa Tomooka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Koh Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hideto Kawaratani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshiji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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4
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Schreiber F, Balas I, Robinson MJ, Bakdash G. Border Control: The Role of the Microbiome in Regulating Epithelial Barrier Function. Cells 2024; 13:477. [PMID: 38534321 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut mucosal epithelium is one of the largest organs in the body and plays a critical role in regulating the crosstalk between the resident microbiome and the host. To this effect, the tight control of what is permitted through this barrier is of high importance. There should be restricted passage of harmful microorganisms and antigens while at the same time allowing the absorption of nutrients and water. An increased gut permeability, or "leaky gut", has been associated with a variety of diseases ranging from infections, metabolic diseases, and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases to neurological conditions. Several factors can affect gut permeability, including cytokines, dietary components, and the gut microbiome. Here, we discuss how the gut microbiome impacts the permeability of the gut epithelial barrier and how this can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes.
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Lakić B, Škrbić R, Uletilović S, Mandić-Kovačević N, Grabež M, Šarić MP, Stojiljković MP, Soldatović I, Janjetović Z, Stokanović A, Stojaković N, Mikov M. Beneficial Effects of Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Metabolic Parameters and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:4187796. [PMID: 38455850 PMCID: PMC10919985 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4187796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress and inflammation are closely related pathophysiological processes, both occurring in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to the standard treatment of T2DM, a potential strategy has been focused on the use of bile acids (BAs) as an additional treatment. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), as the first BA used in humans, improves glucose and lipid metabolism and attenuates oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential metabolic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects of UDCA in patients with T2DM. Methods This prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study included 60 patients with T2DM, randomly allocated to receive UDCA or placebo. Subjects were treated with 500 mg tablets of UDCA or placebo administered three times per day (total dose of 1500 mg/day) for eight weeks. Two study visits, at the beginning (F0) and at the end (F1) of the study, included the interview, anthropometric and clinical measurements, and biochemical analyses. Results UDCA treatment showed a significant reduction in body mass index (p = 0.024) and in diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.033), compared to placebo. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference in waist circumference in the UDCA group before and after treatment (p < 0.05). Although no statistical significance was observed at the two-month follow-up assessment, an average decrease in glucose levels in the UDCA group was observed. After two months of the intervention period, a significant decrease in the activity of liver enzymes was noticed. Furthermore, a significant reduction in prooxidative parameters (TBARS, NO2-, H2O2) and significant elevation in antioxidative parameters such as SOD and GSH were found (p < 0.001). Conclusions The eight-week UDCA administration showed beneficial effects on metabolic and oxidative stress parameters in patients with T2DM. Thus, UDCA could attenuate the progression and complications of diabetes and should be considered as an adjuvant to other diabetes treatment modalities. This trial is registered with NCT05416580.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Lakić
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Primary Health Care Centre, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ranko Škrbić
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Snežana Uletilović
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nebojša Mandić-Kovačević
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Milkica Grabež
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Miloš P. Stojiljković
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ivan Soldatović
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Janjetović
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Nataša Stojaković
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Momir Mikov
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Pan Y, Zhang H, Li M, He T, Guo S, Zhu L, Tan J, Wang B. Novel approaches in IBD therapy: targeting the gut microbiota-bile acid axis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2356284. [PMID: 38769683 PMCID: PMC11110704 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2356284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Disturbed gut microbiota and abnormal bile acid (BA) metabolism are notable in IBD, suggesting a bidirectional relationship. Specifically, the diversity of the gut microbiota influences BA composition, whereas altered BA profiles can disrupt the microbiota. IBD patients often exhibit increased primary bile acid and reduced secondary bile acid concentrations due to a diminished bacteria population essential for BA metabolism. This imbalance activates BA receptors, undermining intestinal integrity and immune function. Consequently, targeting the microbiota-BA axis may rectify these disturbances, offering symptomatic relief in IBD. Here, the interplay between gut microbiota and bile acids (BAs) is reviewed, with a particular focus on the role of gut microbiota in mediating bile acid biotransformation, and contributions of the gut microbiota-BA axis to IBD pathology to unveil potential novel therapeutic avenues for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Pan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Minghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tingjing He
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Sihao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Liancai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Biological & Chemical engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
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Samartsev VN, Khoroshavina EI, Pavlova EK, Dubinin MV, Semenova AA. Bile Acids as Inducers of Protonophore and Ionophore Permeability of Biological and Artificial Membranes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050472. [PMID: 37233533 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
It is now generally accepted that the role of bile acids in the organism is not limited to their participation in the process of food digestion. Indeed, bile acids are signaling molecules and being amphiphilic compounds, are also capable of modifying the properties of cell membranes and their organelles. This review is devoted to the analysis of data on the interaction of bile acids with biological and artificial membranes, in particular, their protonophore and ionophore effects. The effects of bile acids were analyzed depending on their physicochemical properties: namely the structure of their molecules, indicators of the hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance, and the critical micelle concentration. Particular attention is paid to the interaction of bile acids with the powerhouse of cells, the mitochondria. It is of note that bile acids, in addition to their protonophore and ionophore actions, can also induce Ca2+-dependent nonspecific permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane. We consider the unique action of ursodeoxycholic acid as an inducer of potassium conductivity of the inner mitochondrial membrane. We also discuss a possible relationship between this K+ ionophore action of ursodeoxycholic acid and its therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor N Samartsev
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I Khoroshavina
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Evgeniya K Pavlova
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Dubinin
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
| | - Alena A Semenova
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, 424001 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
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8
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Liu Y, Zhang S, Deng H, Chen A, Chai L. Lead and copper influenced bile acid metabolism by changing intestinal microbiota and activating farnesoid X receptor in Bufo gargarizans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160849. [PMID: 36521604 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) are ubiquitous metal contaminants and can pose a threat to ecosystem and human health. Bile acids have recently received considerable attention for their role in the maintenance of health. However, there were few studies on whether Pb and Cu affect bile acid metabolism in amphibians. In this study, a combination approach of histological analysis, targeted metabolomics, 16S rDNA sequencing and qPCR was used to explore the impacts of Pb, Cu and their mixture (Mix) on bile acid in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles. The results showed that Pb, Cu, and Mix resulted in intestinal damage and altered the bile acid profiles. Specifically, Pb and Mix exposure decreased total bile acid concentrations while increased toxic bile acid levels; in contrast, Cu exposure increased total bile acid levels. And hydrophilic bile acids were reduced in all treated tadpoles. Moreover, Pb and/or Cu changed the composition of intestinal microbiota, especially Clostridia, Bacteroides and Eubacterium involved in bile acid biotransformation. qPCR revealed that the decreased total bile acid concentrations in Pb- and Mix-treated tadpoles were most likely attributed to the activation of intestinal farnesoid X receptor (Fxr), which suppressed bile acid synthesis and reabsorption. While activated fxr in the Cu treatment group may be a regulatory mechanism in response to increased bile excretion, which is a detoxification route of tadpoles under Cu stress. Collectively, Pb, Cu and Mix changed bile acid profiles by affecting intestinal microbial composition and activating Fxr signaling. This study provided insight into the impacts of Pb and Cu on bile acid metabolism and contributed to the assessment of the potential ecotoxicity of heavy metals on amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Liu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Siliang Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Hongzhang Deng
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Aixia Chen
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Lihong Chai
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
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9
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Boix-Amorós A, Monaco H, Sambataro E, Clemente JC. Novel technologies to characterize and engineer the microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2107866. [PMID: 36104776 PMCID: PMC9481095 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2107866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We present an overview of recent experimental and computational advances in technology used to characterize the microbiome, with a focus on how these developments improve our understanding of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Specifically, we present studies that make use of flow cytometry and metabolomics assays to provide a functional characterization of microbial communities. We also describe computational methods for strain-level resolution, temporal series, mycobiome and virome data, co-occurrence networks, and compositional data analysis. In addition, we review novel techniques to therapeutically manipulate the microbiome in IBD. We discuss the benefits and drawbacks of these technologies to increase awareness of specific biases, and to facilitate a more rigorous interpretation of results and their potential clinical application. Finally, we present future lines of research to better characterize the relation between microbial communities and IBD pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Boix-Amorós
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. New York, NY, USA
| | - Hilary Monaco
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa Sambataro
- Department of Biological Sciences, CUNY Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose C. Clemente
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. New York, NY, USA,CONTACT Jose C. Clemente Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. New York, NY10029USA
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10
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Ding H, Wang Y, Li Z, Li Q, Liu H, Zhao J, Lu W, Wang J. Baogong decoction treats endometritis in mice by regulating uterine microbiota structure and metabolites. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2786-2799. [PMID: 35932174 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometritis is persistent inflammation caused by bacteria, which can lead to infertility. Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat endometritis, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, Baogong Decoction (BGD), a TCM compound, was used to treat mouse endometritis induced by Escherichia coli (E. coli), and then 16S rRNA sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics were used to investigate the change of uterine microbiota and metabolomes in serum and uterine after BGD treatment. Finally, the therapeutic effect of potential metabolites for treating mouse endometritis screened by combined omics analyses was verified using pathological model. The results showed that BGD treatment could effectively treat endometritis associated with the increasing relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus, and the decreasing relative abundance of Cupriavidus and Proteobacteria. 133 and 130 metabolites were found to be potential biomarkers in serum and uterine tissue respectively. In serum and tissues, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and catechol were significantly increased in the BGD treatment versus the inflammation group. Results of combined omics analyses demonstrated that DHEA was positively correlated with changes in microbiota. Results of pathological model demonstrated that DHEA could cure endometritis effectively associated with the decreasing infiltration of inflammatory cells and expression of inflammatory factors in the uterus. In summary, our results demonstrated that BGD could cure endometritis in mice by modulating the structure of the uterine microbiota and its metabolites, in which DHEA may be one of the main components of the therapeutic effect of BGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ding
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Youyuan Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianqing Li
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenfa Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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11
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Rudiansyah M, Abdalkareem Jasim S, S Azizov B, Samusenkov V, Kamal Abdelbasset W, Yasin G, Mohammad HJ, Jawad MA, Mahmudiono T, Hosseini-Fard SR, Mirzaei R, Karampoor S. The emerging microbiome-based approaches to IBD therapy: From SCFAs to urolithin A. J Dig Dis 2022; 23:412-434. [PMID: 36178158 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions which can be life-threatening, affecting both children and adults. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main forms of IBD. The pathogenesis of IBD is complex and involves genetic background, environmental factors, alteration in gut microbiota, aberrant immune responses (innate and adaptive), and their interactions, all of which provide clues to the identification of innovative diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and the development of novel treatments. Gut microbiota provide significant benefits to its host, most notably via maintaining immunological homeostasis. Furthermore, changes in gut microbial populations may promote immunological dysregulation, resulting in autoimmune diseases, including IBD. Investigating the interaction between gut microbiota and immune system of the host may lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of IBD as well as the development of innovative immune- or microbe-based therapeutics. In this review we summarized the most recent findings on innovative therapeutics for IBD, including microbiome-based therapies such as fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, live biotherapeutic products, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and urolithin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rudiansyah
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
| | - Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Al-Maarif University College Medical Laboratory Techniques Department Al-Anbar-Ramadi, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Bakhadir S Azizov
- Department of Therapeutic Disciplines No.1, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Yasin
- Department of Botany University of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Department of Nutrition Faculty of Public Health Universitas, Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini-Fard
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Camilleri M. Bile acid detergency: permeability, inflammation, and effects of sulfation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G480-G488. [PMID: 35258349 PMCID: PMC8993532 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00011.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids are amphipathic, detergent molecules. The detergent effects of di-α-hydroxy-bile acids are relevant to several colonic diseases. The aims were to review the concentrations of bile acids reaching the human colon in health and disease, the molecular structure of bile acids that determine detergent functions and the relationship to human diseases (neuroendocrine tumors, microscopic colitis, active celiac disease, and ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and ileal resection), the relationship to bacterial uptake into the mucosa, mucin depletion, and epithelial damage, the role of bile acids in mucosal inflammation and microscopic colitis, and the role of sulfation of bile salts in detoxification or prevention of the detergent effects of bile acids. The concentrations of bile acids reaching the human colon range from 2 to 10 mM; di-α-hydroxy bile acids are the only bile acids with detergent effects that include mucin depletion, mucosal damage, bacterial uptake, and microscopic inflammation that may be manifest in diseases associated with no overt inflammation of the mucosa, such as bile acid diarrhea, ileal diseases such as neuroendocrine tumors, ileal resection, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Sulfation inactivates colonic secretion due to primary bile acids, but it may render secondary bile acids proinflammatory in the colon. Other evidence in preclinical models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) suggests reduced sulfation causes barrier dysfunction, inflammation, or carcinogenesis. These advances emphasize relevance and opportunities afforded by greater understanding of the chemistry and metabolism of bile acids, which stands to be further enhanced by research into the metabolic interactions of microbiota with bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Camilleri
- Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (CENTER), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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13
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Beneficial effects of dietary capsaicin in gastrointestinal health and disease. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Simanenkov V, Maev I, Tkacheva O, Alekseenko S, Andreev D, Bakulina N, Bakulin I, Bordin D, Vlasov T, Vorobyeva N, Grinevich V, Gubonina I, Drobizhev M, Efremov N, Karateev A, Kotovskaya Y, Kravchuk I, Krivoborodov G, Kulchavenya E, Lila A, Maevskaya M, Nekrasova A, Poluektova E, Popkova T, Sablin O, Solovyeva O, Suvorov A, Tarasova G, Trukhan D, Fedotova A. Epithelial protective therapy in comorbid diseases. Practical Guidelines for Physicians. TERAPEVT ARKH 2022; 94:940-956. [PMID: 36286974 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.08.201523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In 2021 the first multidisciplinary National Consensus on the pathophysiological and clinical aspects of Increased Epithelial Permeability Syndrome was published. The proposed guidelines are developed on the basis of this Consensus, by the same team of experts. Twenty-eight Practical Guidelines for Physicians statements were adopted by the Expert Council using the "delphic" method. Such main groups of epithelial protective drugs as proton pump inhibitors, bismuth drugs and probiotics are discussed in these Guidelines from the positions of evidence-based medicine. The clinical and pharmacological characteristics of such a universal epithelial protector as rebamipide, acting at the preepithelial, epithelial and subepithelial levels, throughout gastrointestinal tract, are presented in detail.
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15
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Marfil-Sánchez A, Zhang L, Alonso-Pernas P, Mirhakkak M, Mueller M, Seelbinder B, Ni Y, Santhanam R, Busch A, Beemelmanns C, Ermolaeva M, Bauer M, Panagiotou G. An integrative understanding of the large metabolic shifts induced by antibiotics in critical illness. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1993598. [PMID: 34793277 PMCID: PMC8604395 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1993598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are commonly used in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU); however, several studies showed that the impact of antibiotics to prevent infection, multi-organ failure, and death in the ICU is less clear than their benefit on course of infection in the absence of organ dysfunction. We characterized here the compositional and metabolic changes of the gut microbiome induced by critical illness and antibiotics in a cohort of 75 individuals in conjunction with 2,180 gut microbiome samples representing 16 different diseases. We revealed an "infection-vulnerable" gut microbiome environment present only in critically ill treated with antibiotics (ICU+). Feeding of Caenorhabditis elegans with Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus crispatus, species that expanded in ICU+ patients, revealed a significant negative impact of these microbes on host viability and developmental homeostasis. These results suggest that antibiotic administration can dramatically impact essential functional activities in the gut related to immune responses more than critical illness itself, which might explain in part untoward effects of antibiotics in the critically ill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marfil-Sánchez
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Lu Zhang
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Mohammad Mirhakkak
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Melinda Mueller
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Bastian Seelbinder
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Yueqiong Ni
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Rakesh Santhanam
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Anne Busch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Beemelmanns
- Chemical Biology of Microbe-Host Interactions, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Ermolaeva
- Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany,Maria Ermolaeva Stress Tolerance and Homeostasis, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,Michael Bauer Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Gianni Panagiotou
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany,Department of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Lead Contact,CONTACT Gianni Panagiotou Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11A, Jena07745, Germany
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16
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Devadiga SJ, Bharate SS. Recent developments in the management of Huntington's disease. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105642. [PMID: 35121553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, incurable, inheritedneurodegenerative disorder manifested by chorea, hyperkinetic, and hypokinetic movements. The FDA has approved only two drugs, viz. tetrabenazine, and deutetrabenazine, to manage the chorea associated with HD. However, several other drugs are used as an off-label to manage chorea and other symptoms such as depression, anxiety, muscle tremors, and cognitive dysfunction associated with HD. So far, there is no disease-modifying treatment available. Drug repurposing has been a primary drive to search for new anti-HD drugs. Numerous molecular targets along with a wide range of small molecules and gene therapies are currently under clinical investigation. More than 200 clinical studies are underway for HD, 75% are interventional, and 25% are observational studies. The present review discusses the small molecule clinical pipeline and molecular targets for HD. Furthermore, the biomarkers, diagnostic tests, gene therapies, behavioral and observational studies for HD were also deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanaika J Devadiga
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Sonali S Bharate
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, India.
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17
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Mining the Microbiome and Microbiota-Derived Molecules in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011243. [PMID: 34681902 PMCID: PMC8540913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is a complex community that consists of an ecosystem with a dynamic interplay between bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses. Recent advances in model systems have revealed that the gut microbiome is critical for maintaining homeostasis through metabolic digestive function, immune regulation, and intestinal barrier integrity. Taxonomic shifts in the intestinal microbiota are strongly correlated with a multitude of human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, many of these studies have been descriptive, and thus the understanding of the cause and effect relationship often remains unclear. Using non-human experimental model systems such as gnotobiotic mice, probiotic mono-colonization, or prebiotic supplementation, researchers have defined numerous species-level functions of the intestinal microbiota that have produced therapeutic candidates for IBD. Despite these advances, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the function of much of the microbiota and the interplay with host cellular processes remain areas of tremendous research potential. In particular, future research will need to unlock the functional molecular units of the microbiota in order to utilize this untapped resource of bioactive molecules for therapy. This review will highlight the advances and remaining challenges of microbiota-based functional studies and therapeutic discovery, specifically in IBD. One of the limiting factors for reviewing this topic is the nascent development of this area with information on some drug candidates still under early commercial development. We will also highlight the current and evolving strategies, including in the biotech industry, used for the discovery of microbiota-derived bioactive molecules in health and disease.
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18
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Chen W, Hu D, Feng Z, Liu Z. An effective synthesis of ursodeoxycholic acid from dehydroepiandrosterone. Steroids 2021; 172:108870. [PMID: 34038744 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel synthetic route of producing ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was developed through multiple reactions from plant-source dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), with a Mistunobu reaction and regioselective allyl oxidationat as the key steps. The reaction conditions of the key allyl oxidation reaction were also investigated and optimized, including solvent, oxidant and reaction temperature. In this novel route for the preparation of UDCA, most of the reaction steps have high conversions and overall yield up to 35% for 8 steps. Since all starting materials are cost-effective, commercially available and effectively avoided the risk of animal derived raw materials, this promising synthetic route offers economical and efficient strategies for potential production of UDCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Chen
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China.
| | - Daihua Hu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China.
| | - Zili Feng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China.
| | - Zhaopeng Liu
- Key Lab. of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education), Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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19
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Daniel N, Rossi Perazza L, Varin TV, Trottier J, Marcotte B, St-Pierre P, Barbier O, Chassaing B, Marette A. Dietary fat and low fiber in purified diets differently impact the gut-liver axis to promote obesity-linked metabolic impairments. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G1014-G1033. [PMID: 33881354 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00028.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Selecting the most relevant control diet is of critical importance for metabolic and intestinal studies in animal models. Chow and LF-purified diet differentially impact metabolic and gut microbiome outcomes resulting in major changes in intestinal integrity in LF-fed animals which contributes to altering metabolic homeostasis. Dietary fat and low fiber both contribute to the deleterious metabolic effect of purified HF diets through both selective and overlapping mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëmie Daniel
- Faculty of Food Science, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Laίs Rossi Perazza
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Thibault V Varin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Trottier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Center, and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe St-Pierre
- Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Barbier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, CHU-Québec Research Center, and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- INSERM U1016, team "Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases," CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - André Marette
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Cardiology axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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20
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Tenge VR, Murakami K, Salmen W, Lin SC, Crawford SE, Neill FH, Prasad BVV, Atmar RL, Estes MK. Bile Goes Viral. Viruses 2021; 13:998. [PMID: 34071855 PMCID: PMC8227374 DOI: 10.3390/v13060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory cultivation of viruses is critical for determining requirements for viral replication, developing detection methods, identifying drug targets, and developing antivirals. Several viruses have a history of recalcitrance towards robust replication in laboratory cell lines, including human noroviruses and hepatitis B and C viruses. These viruses have tropism for tissue components of the enterohepatic circulation system: the intestine and liver, respectively. The purpose of this review is to discuss how key enterohepatic signaling molecules, bile acids (BAs), and BA receptors are involved in the replication of these viruses and how manipulation of these factors was useful in the development and/or optimization of culture systems for these viruses. BAs have replication-promoting activities through several key mechanisms: (1) affecting cellular uptake, membrane lipid composition, and endocytic acidification; (2) directly interacting with viral capsids to influence binding to cells; and (3) modulating the innate immune response. Additionally, expression of the Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide BA receptor in continuous liver cell lines is critical for hepatitis B virus entry and robust replication in laboratory culture. Viruses are capable of hijacking normal cellular functions, and understanding the role of BAs and BA receptors, components of the enterohepatic system, is valuable for expanding our knowledge on the mechanisms of norovirus and hepatitis B and C virus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R. Tenge
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.R.T.); (W.S.); (S.-C.L.); (S.E.C.); (F.H.N.); (B.V.V.P.); (R.L.A.)
| | - Kosuke Murakami
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashi-Murayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan;
| | - Wilhelm Salmen
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.R.T.); (W.S.); (S.-C.L.); (S.E.C.); (F.H.N.); (B.V.V.P.); (R.L.A.)
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shih-Ching Lin
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.R.T.); (W.S.); (S.-C.L.); (S.E.C.); (F.H.N.); (B.V.V.P.); (R.L.A.)
| | - Sue E. Crawford
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.R.T.); (W.S.); (S.-C.L.); (S.E.C.); (F.H.N.); (B.V.V.P.); (R.L.A.)
| | - Frederick H. Neill
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.R.T.); (W.S.); (S.-C.L.); (S.E.C.); (F.H.N.); (B.V.V.P.); (R.L.A.)
| | - B. V. Venkataram Prasad
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.R.T.); (W.S.); (S.-C.L.); (S.E.C.); (F.H.N.); (B.V.V.P.); (R.L.A.)
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert L. Atmar
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.R.T.); (W.S.); (S.-C.L.); (S.E.C.); (F.H.N.); (B.V.V.P.); (R.L.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary K. Estes
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.R.T.); (W.S.); (S.-C.L.); (S.E.C.); (F.H.N.); (B.V.V.P.); (R.L.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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21
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Talebian R, Panahipour L, Gruber R. Ursodeoxycholic acid attenuates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in periodontal cells. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1098-1104. [PMID: 31960968 PMCID: PMC7496100 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is one of the first-line therapeutic medications used in treatment of cholestatic liver disease. Considering that periodontitis is epidemiologically linked to liver diseases, the question arises weather UDCA holds anti-inflammatory properties on periodontal health. Herein, we provide information that support anti-inflammatory effects of UDCA on three different periodontium-related cell types. METHODS Gingival fibroblasts and the oral human squamous carcinoma cell line HSC-2 were exposed to interleukin (IL)1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α with and without UDCA. Murine RAW 264.7 macrophages were incubated with sterile-filtered human saliva also in the presence of UDCA. The expression of inflammatory cytokines was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Immunoassay was applied to detect the production of IL6. Immunostaining was performed for the p65 subunit to further support the anti-inflammatory role of UDCA. RESULTS We report here that UDCA significantly reduced the IL1β and TNFα-induced expression of IL1, IL6, and IL8 in gingival fibroblasts and the HSC-2 cell line. In RAW 264.7 macrophages, UDCA attenuated the expression of IL1α, IL1β, and IL6 that was increased by saliva. Immunoassay confirmed the capacity of UDCA to reduce inflammation-induced production of IL6 in gingival fibroblasts, HSC-2 and RAW 264.7 cells. Immunostaining revealed the blocking of nuclear translocation of p65 in gingival fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, UDCA can attenuate the provoked expression of inflammatory cytokines in oral fibroblasts, oral human squamous carcinoma cells and macrophages in vitro. These data support the hypothesis that patients with cholestatic liver disease might benefit from UDCA with respect to periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Talebian
- Department of Oral BiologyUniversity Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Experimental Research CenterMedical FacultyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral BiologyUniversity Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral BiologyUniversity Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
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Merit of an Ursodeoxycholic Acid Clinical Trial in COVID-19 Patients. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020320. [PMID: 32575350 PMCID: PMC7350268 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected over 8 million people worldwide. We underscore the potential benefits of conducting a randomized open-label unblinded clinical trial to evaluate the role of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in the treatment of COVID-19. Some COVID-19 patients are characterized with cytokine storm syndrome that can cause severe and irreversible damage to organs leading to multi-organ failure and death. Therefore, it is critical to control both programmed cell death (apoptosis) and the hyper-immune inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients to reduce the rising morbidity and mortality. UDCA is an existing drug with proven safety profiles that can reduce inflammation and prevent cell death. National Geographic reported that, "China Promotes Bear Bile as Coronavirus Treatment". Bear bile is rich in UDCA, comprising up to 40-50% of the total bile acid. UDCA is a logical and attainable replacement for bear bile that is available in pill form and merits clinical trial consideration.
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