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Sato K, Hara-Chikuma M, Yasui M, Inoue J, Kim YG. Sufficient water intake maintains the gut microbiota and immune homeostasis and promotes pathogen elimination. iScience 2024; 27:109903. [PMID: 38799550 PMCID: PMC11126815 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Water is the most abundant substance in the human body and plays a pivotal role in various bodily functions. While underhydration is associated with the incidence of certain diseases, the specific role of water in gut function remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that water restriction disrupts gut homeostasis, which is accompanied by a bloom of gut microbes and decreased numbers of immune cells, especially Th17 cells, within the colon. These microbial and immunological changes in the gut are associated with an impaired ability to eliminate the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Moreover, aquaporin 3, a water channel protein, is required for the maintenance of Th17 cell function and differentiation. Taken together, adequate water intake is critical for maintaining bacterial and immunological homeostasis in the gut, thereby enhancing host defenses against enteric pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Sato
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan
- Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-0882, Japan
| | - Mariko Hara-Chikuma
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Joe Inoue
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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2
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Arai N, Kajihara R, Takasaka M, Amari K, Kuneshita N, Maejima D, Watanabe-Asaka T, Hayashi M, Yokoyama Y, Kaidoh M, Kawai Y, Ohhashi T. Cell surface ATP synthase-released H + and ATP play key roles in cocoa butter intake-mediated regulation of gut immunity through releases of cytokines in rat. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:945-960. [PMID: 37261509 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Proper food intake is important for maintaining good health in humans. Chocolate is known to exert anti-inflammatory effects; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of cocoa butter intake on gut immunity in rats and rabbits. Cocoa butter intake increased the lymph flow, cell density, and IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 levels in mesenteric lymph. Clodronate, a macrophage depletion compound, significantly enhanced the release of all cytokines. The immunoreactivities of macrophage markers CD68 and F4/80 in the jejunal villi were significantly decreased with clodronate. Piceatannol, a selective cell surface ATP synthase inhibitor significantly reduced the cocoa butter intake-mediated releases of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10. The immunoreactivities of cell surface ATP synthase were observed in rat jejunal villi. Shear stress stimulation on the myofibroblast cells isolated from rat jejunum released ATP and carbon dioxide depended with H+ release. In rabbit in vivo experiments, cocoa butter intake increased the concentrations of ATP and H+ in the portal vein. The in vitro experiments with isolated cells of rat jejunal lamina propria the pH of 3.0 and 5.0 in the medium released significantly IL-1β and IL-6. ATP selectively released IL-10. These findings suggest that cocoa butter intake regulates the gut immunity through the release and transport of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 into mesenteric lymph vessels in a negative feedback system. In addition, the H+ and ATP released from cell surface ATP synthase in jejunal villi play key roles in the cocoa butter intake-mediated regulation of gut immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nariaki Arai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Kajihara
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Mieko Takasaka
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kei Amari
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Norika Kuneshita
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Maejima
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Moyuru Hayashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yokoyama
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Maki Kaidoh
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohhashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
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Higashiyama M, Miura S, Hokari R. Modulation by luminal factors on the functions and migration of intestinal innate immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1113467. [PMID: 36860849 PMCID: PMC9968923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1113467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Luminal antigens, nutrients, metabolites from commensal bacteria, bile acids, or neuropeptides influence the function and trafficking of immune cells in the intestine. Among the immune cells in the gut, innate lymphoid cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, mast cells, and innate lymphoid cells, play an important role for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis through a rapid immune response to luminal pathogens. These innate cells are influenced by several luminal factors, possibly leading to dysregulated gut immunity and intestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and intestinal allergy. Luminal factors are sensed by distinct neuro-immune cell units, which also have a strong impact on immunoregulation of the gut. Immune cell trafficking from the blood stream through the lymphatic organ to lymphatics, an essential function for immune responses, is also modulated by luminal factors. This mini-review examines knowledge of luminal and neural factors that regulate and modulate response and migration of leukocytes including innate immune cells, some of which are clinically associated with pathological intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Higashiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan,*Correspondence: Masaaki Higashiyama,
| | - Soichiro Miura
- International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Hokari
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
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Food, Medicine, and Function. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2022; 33:571-586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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van Helden DF. Insights into permeability control of the fenestrated endothelium of the jejunal microvasculature. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:485-486. [PMID: 35243520 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk F van Helden
- Faculty of Health & Medicine and Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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6
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Portal blood flow–dependent NO-mediated lymph formation in rat jejunum. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:541-551. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ohhashi T, Kawai Y, Hayashi M, Watanabe-Asaka T. Estimation of the Lymph Flow Through Thoracic Duct in Human Subjects Using the Urine Osmolarity: Applicable for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Manual Lymph Drainage. Lymphat Res Biol 2021; 20:282-289. [PMID: 34724800 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2020.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are many methods to evaluate the effectiveness of manual lymph drainage in the treatment of lymphedema, that is, limb volume measurement, bio-electrical impedance measurement, computer tomography, and ultrasound imaging. However, it is difficult for these methods to accurately address the lymph flow generated by manual lymph drainage. Therefore, we aimed at developing a concise and accurate method to measure the lymph flow through the thoracic duct in human subjects, which is applicable for evaluating the effectiveness of manual lymph drainage. In the present mini-review, we demonstrate the developed method in detail and its scientific evidence for the effectiveness obtained with animal and human clinical experiments. In rat in vivo experiments, intragastric administration of distilled water significantly increased mesenteric flow, which was transported via the cisterna chyli and then the thoracic duct. The manual massage on the cisterna chyli in the anesthetized rabbit significantly accelerated the lymph flow through the thoracic duct, resulting in marked hemodilution. Abdominal respiration in the supine position in human subjects produced similar hemodilution, with a marked decrease in the concentration of vasopressin in the blood. On this basis, we developed a new method to accurately measure the lymph flow through the thoracic duct by using changes in the concentration of vasopressin in the blood. In addition, with changes in urine osmolarity depending on the concentration of vasopressin in the blood, we developed a more concise and noninvasive method for evaluating the lymph flow through the thoracic duct in human subjects. These methods may be applicable for evaluating the effectiveness for the manual lymph drainage in the patients with lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Ohhashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Moyuru Hayashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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Watanabe-Asaka T, Hayashi M, Maejima D, Kawai Y, Ohhashi T. From digestion and absorption to innate immunity and health care: water and food intake may contribute to IL-22 in ILC3-dependent mucosal immunity in the jejunum. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:31. [PMID: 34641788 PMCID: PMC10718039 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this review, with our current studies we demonstrated medical evidence that water and food intake are useful for IL-22-related mucosal immunity-dependent maintenance of health care. The traditional Japanese health care practices recommend daily consumption of suitable volume of water. However, immunological mechanisms that support of the traditional practices are still unsolved. We focused on type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), because the ILC3s are mainly housed in the lamina propria of the jejunum. IL-22 released from the ILC3 is transported through mesenteric lymph in collaboration with the albumin-mediated movement of consumed water. Thus, water intake-mediated upregulation of IL-22-dependent mucosal immunity contributes to the traditional Japanese health care practices. We also reviewed current studies that food intake-mediated increase in VIP-dependent neuronal activity in the small intestine and the food intake included with tryptophan-derived metabolites may accelerate the IL-22 in ILC3s-dependent mucosal immunity and then contribute in keeping health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Moyuru Hayashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Daisuke Maejima
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohhashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
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Kajihara R, Amari K, Arai N, Nagashio S, Hayashi M, Watanabe-Asaka T, Kaidoh M, Yokoyama Y, Maejima D, Kawai Y, Ohhashi T. Water intake releases serotonin from enterochromaffin cells in rat jejunal villi. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:921-936. [PMID: 33913004 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the roles of water intake in serotonin production and release in rat jejunum. We evaluated the changes in concentrations of serotonin in the portal vein and mesenteric lymph vessel induced by the intragastric administration of distilled water. The density of granules in enterochromaffin cells and the immunoreactivity of serotonin in the jejunal villi were investigated before and after water intake. The effects of intravenous administration of serotonin and/or ketanserin on mesenteric lymph flow and concentrations of albumin and IL-22 in the lymph were also addressed. Water intake increased serotonin concentration in the portal vein, but not in the mesenteric lymph vessel. The flux of serotonin through the portal vein was significantly larger than that through the mesenteric lymph vessel. Water intake decreased the density of granules in the enterochromaffin cells and increased the immunoreactivity of serotonin in the jejunal villi. The intravenous administration of serotonin increased significantly mesenteric lymph flow and the concentrations of albumin and IL-22; both were significantly reduced by the intravenous pretreatment with ketanserin. We showed that serotonin released from enterochromaffin cells by water intake was mainly transported through the portal vein. Additionally, serotonin in blood was found to increase mesenteric lymph formation with permeant albumin in the jejunal villi via the activation of 5-HT2 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kajihara
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kei Amari
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Nariaki Arai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Sachiho Nagashio
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Moyuru Hayashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Maki Kaidoh
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yokoyama
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Daisuke Maejima
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohhashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
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Horiuchi K, Higashiyama M, Kurihara C, Matsumura K, Tanemoto R, Ito S, Mizoguchi A, Nishii S, Wada A, Inaba K, Sugihara N, Hanawa Y, Shibuya N, Okada Y, Watanabe C, Komoto S, Tomita K, Hokari R. Intestinal inflammations increase efflux of innate lymphoid cells from the intestinal mucosa to the mesenteric lymph nodes through lymph-collecting ducts. Microcirculation 2021; 28:e12694. [PMID: 33742518 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are abundant in the intestinal mucosa, forming boundaries externally. Herein, ILCs were directly obtained from intestinal lymph using a lymph fistula rat model and analyzed under physiological and pathological conditions. METHODS Thoracic duct (TD) lymphocytes were collected by cannulation with/without preceded mesenteric lymphadenectomy, which were comparable to lymphocytes flowing through mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs) or TD, respectively. The collected ILCs were classified according to gene transcription factors and analyzed by flow cytometry. The effect of IL-25 or indomethacin was studied. RESULTS The proportion of total ILCs in the MLVs (MLV-ILCs) was significantly higher than that in TD (TD-ILCs, 0.01% vs. 0.003%, respectively). Physiologically, there were several significant differences in the MLV-ILCs compared with TD-ILCs, including the proportion of ILC2 (42.3% vs. 70.9%) and ILC3 (33.3% vs. 13.8%), and the proportion of α4-integrin-positive cells (36.8% vs. 0.3%). IL-25 significantly increased the proportion of MLV-ILC2 after 3 days. Indomethacin-induced intestinal injury increased the proportion of MLV-ILC3 in the early phase within 12 h. CONCLUSION Intestinal ILCs were found to migrate through MLVs. The altered mobilization of MLV-ILCs after stimuli suggests that ILCs play an important role in regulating the immune responses at the secondary lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Horiuchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaaki Higashiyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chie Kurihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsumura
- Laboratory of Cell Analysis, Central Research Institute, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Rina Tanemoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Suguru Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akinori Mizoguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shin Nishii
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akinori Wada
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Inaba
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nao Sugihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hanawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoki Shibuya
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshikiyo Okada
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chikako Watanabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Komoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kengo Tomita
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryota Hokari
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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Hayashi M, Watanabe-Asaka T, Nagashio S, Kaidoh M, Yokoyama Y, Maejima D, Kajihara R, Amari K, Arai N, Kawai Y, Ohhashi T. Water intake accelerates ATP release from myofibroblast cells in rats: ATP-mediated podoplanin-dependent control for physiological function and immunity. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G54-G65. [PMID: 33146549 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00303.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that water intake increased mesenteric lymph flow and the total flux of IL-22 in rat jejunum. The drained water and the higher permeability of albumin in the jejunal microcirculation contributed to increase the lymph flow and IL-22 transport via the activation of great bulk flow in the jejunal villi. To address the effects of water intake-mediated great bulk flow-dependent mechanical force on jejunal physiological function and immunological regulation of innate lymphoid cells (ILC)-3, we examined the effects of shear stress stimulation on cultured rat myofibroblast cells. Next, we investigated the effects of water intake on podoplanin and IL-22 expressions in cultured human intestinal epithelial cells and rat in vivo jejunal preparations, respectively. Shear stress stimulation of the myofibroblast cells induced ATP release via an activation of cell surface F1/F0 ATP synthase. ATP produced podoplanin expression in the intestinal epithelial cells. Water intake accelerated immunohistochemical expressions of podoplanin and IL-22 in the interepithelial layers and lamina propria of the jejunum. ATP dose-dependently increased IL-22 mRNA expression in ILC-3, which are housed in the lamina propria. Water intake also increased immunohistochemical and mRNA expressions of ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases 2 and 5 in jejunal villi. In conclusion, water intake-mediated shear stress stimulation-dependent ATP release from myofibroblast cells maintains higher tissue colloid osmotic pressure in the jejunal microcirculation through podoplanin upregulation in the interepithelial layers. ATP induces IL-22 mRNA expression in ILC-3 in jejunal villi, which may contribute to regulation of mucosal immunity in small intestine.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated effects of shear stress stimulation on cultured myofibroblast cells and water intake on podoplanin and IL-22 expressions in rat jejunal villi. The stimulation induced ATP release from the cells. Water intake accelerated podoplanin and IL-22 expression levels. ATP increased IL-22 mRNA expression in innate lymphoid cells (ILC)-3. Hence, water intake maintains higher osmotic pressure in the jejunal villi through ATP release and podoplanin upregulation. Water intake may regulate the mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyuru Hayashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sachiho Nagashio
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Maki Kaidoh
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yokoyama
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Maejima
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Kajihara
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kei Amari
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Nariaki Arai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohhashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Hayashi M, Watanabe-Asaka T, Maejima D, Nagashio S, Kajihara R, Amari K, Yokoyama Y, Kaidoh M, Sugano M, Honda T, Kawai Y, Ohhashi T. Evaluating Lymph Flow Through the Thoracic Duct Using Urine Osmolarity in Human Participants. Lymphat Res Biol 2020; 18:351-356. [PMID: 31904309 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2019.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous animal studies have shown that intragastric administration of water can accelerate mesenteric lymph flow. Similarly, human studies have shown that abdominal breathing can induce thoracic lymph drainage. In these studies, lymph flow was measured by hemodilution and a corresponding reduction in blood anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) levels, the latter being linked to urine osmolarity. Hence, we questioned if induction of lymph flow through water administration and supine positioning could be measured by monitoring urine osmolarity. Methods and Results: Volunteers were given 250 mL of distilled water and then made to rest for either 10 or 30 minutes in a supine position. Blood samples were taken pre and postrest to monitor changes in plasma ADH, total protein, plasma albumin, red blood cell, and hemoglobin concentrations. Urine was collected to monitor [Na+], [Cl-], and osmolarity. Intake of 250 mL distilled water with 10-minute rest caused a significant reduction in plasma ADH concentration, with decreases in urine [Na+], [Cl-], and osmolarity. We found a linear relationship between the ratio of plasma ADH concentrations after/before rest (between 1.1 and 3.0 pg·mL) and the ratio of urine osmolarity after/before rest (between 180 and 601 mOsm·L). Conclusions: Intake of 250 mL distilled water with 10-minute rest in a supine position caused hemodilution and a reduction in urine osmolarity consistent with thoracic lymph drainage. Urine osmolarity is a simple, safe clinical measure for monitoring lymph flow that could be used to evaluate the technique of lymph edema therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyuru Hayashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Daisuke Maejima
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Sachiho Nagashio
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Kajihara
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Kei Amari
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yokoyama
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Maki Kaidoh
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Sugano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Honda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawai
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohhashi
- Department of Innovation of Medical and Health Sciences Research, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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