1
|
Yang L, Yin L, Hu M, Zhao W, Wang C, Chen Y, Li Z, Wang L. Preliminary Evaluation of 18F-Labeled Benzylguanidine Analogs as NET Tracers for Myocardial Infarction Diagnosis. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:1125-1134. [PMID: 37580463 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Heart failure (HF) remains a major cause of late morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction (MI). To date, no clinically established 18F-labeled sympathetic nerve PET tracers for monitoring myocardial infarction are available. Therefore, in this study, we synthesized a series of 18F-labeled benzyl guanidine analogs and evaluated their efficacy as cardiac neuronal norepinephrine transporter (NET) tracers for myocardial imaging. We also investigated the preliminary diagnostic capabilities of these tracers in myocardial infarction animal models, as well as the structure-activity relationship of these tracers. PROCEDURES Three benzyl guanidine-NET tracers, including [18F]1, [18F]2, and [18F]3, were synthesized and evaluated in vivo as PET tracers in a myocardial infarction mouse model. [18F]LMI1195 was used as a positive control for the tracers. H&E staining of the isolated myocardial infarction heart tissue sections was performed to verify the efficacy of the selected PET tracer. RESULTS Our data show that [18F]3 had a moderate decay corrected labeling yield (~10%) and high radiochemical purity (>95%) compared to other tracers. The uptake of [18F]3 in normal mouse hearts was 1.7±0.1%ID/cc at 1 h post-injection (p. i.), while it was 2.4±0.1, 2.6±0.9, and 2.1±0.4%ID/cc in the MI mouse hearts at 1, 2, and 3 days after surgery, respectively. Compared with [18F]LMI1195, [18F]3 had a better myocardial imaging effect in terms of the contrast between normal and MI hearts. The area of myocardial infarction shown by PET imaging corresponded well with the infarcted tissue demonstrated by H&E staining. CONCLUSIONS With an obvious cardiac uptake contrast between normal mice and the myocardial infarction mouse model, [18F]3 appears to be a potential tool in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further structural modification studies on the chemical structure of [18F]3 to improve its in vivo stability and diagnostic detection ability to achieve reliable and practical imaging effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Liping Yin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiling Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Changjiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping St, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Triposkiadis F, Briasoulis A, Sarafidis P, Magouliotis D, Athanasiou T, Paraskevaidis I, Skoularigis J, Xanthopoulos A. The Sympathetic Nervous System in Hypertensive Heart Failure with Preserved LVEF. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6486. [PMID: 37892623 PMCID: PMC10607346 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurohormonal model of heart failure (HF) pathogenesis states that a reduction in cardiac output caused by cardiac injury results in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation, that is adaptive in the short-term and maladaptive in the long-term. This model has proved extremely valid and has been applied in HF with a reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF). In contrast, it has been undermined in HF with preserved LVEF (HFpEF), which is due to hypertension (HTN) in the vast majority of the cases. Erroneously, HTN, which is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide and is present in more than 90% of HF patients, is tightly linked with SNS overactivity. In this paper we provide a contemporary overview of the contribution of SNS overactivity to the development and progression of hypertensive HF (HHF) as well as the clinical implications resulting from therapeutic interventions modifying SNS activity. Throughout the manuscript the terms HHF with preserved LVEF and HfpEF will be used interchangeably, considering that the findings in most HFpEF studies are driven by HTN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandros Briasoulis
- Department of Therapeutics, Heart Failure and Cardio-Oncology Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Pantelis Sarafidis
- Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Magouliotis
- Unit of Quality Improvement, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Thessaly, 411 10 Biopolis, Greece;
| | - Thanos Athanasiou
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Hospital, London W2 1NY, UK;
| | | | - John Skoularigis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 411 10 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Andrew Xanthopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 411 10 Larissa, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Balletti A, De Biase N, Del Punta L, Filidei F, Armenia S, Masi F, Di Fiore V, Mazzola M, Bacca A, Dini FL, Taddei S, Masi S, Pugliese NR. Cardiometabolic Phenotyping in Heart Failure: Differences between Patients with Reduced vs. Preserved Ejection Fraction. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040790. [PMID: 36832278 PMCID: PMC9955832 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We explored multiple cardiometabolic patterns, including inflammatory and congestive pathways, in patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 270 HF patients with reduced (<50%, HFrEF; n = 96) and preserved (≥50%, HFpEF; n = 174) ejection fraction. In HFpEF, glycated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac) seemed to be relevant in its relationship with inflammation as Hb1Ac positively correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient ρ = 0.180, p < 0.05). In HFrEF, we found a correlation between Hb1Ac and norepinephrine (ρ = 0.207, p < 0.05). In HFpEF, we found a positive correlation between Hb1Ac and congestion expressed as pulmonary B lines (ρ = 0.187, p < 0.05); the inverse correlation, although not significant, was found in HFrEF between Hb1Ac and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (ρ = 0.079) and between Hb1Ac and B lines (ρ = -0.051). In HFrEF, we found a positive correlation between E/e' ratio and Hb1Ac (ρ = 0.203, p < 0.05) and a negative correlation between tricuspid annular systolic excursion (TAPSE)/echocardiographically measured systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) (TAPSE/sPAP ratio) (ρ = -0.205, p < 0.05) and Hb1Ac. In HFpEF, we found a negative correlation between TAPSE/sPAP ratio and uric acid (ρ = -0.216, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In HF patients, HFpEF and HFrEF phenotypes are characterized by different cardiometabolic indices related to distinct inflammatory and congestive pathways. Patients with HFpEF showed an important relationship between inflammatory and cardiometabolic parameters. Conversely, in HFrEF, there is a significant relationship between congestion and inflammation, while cardiometabolism appears not to influence inflammation, instead affecting sympathetic hyperactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Balletti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicolò De Biase
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lavinia Del Punta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Filidei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Armenia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerio Di Fiore
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Mazzola
- Department of Pathology, Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bacca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Riccardo Pugliese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-992-409
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li YL. Stellate Ganglia and Cardiac Sympathetic Overactivation in Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113311. [PMID: 36362099 PMCID: PMC9653702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major public health problem worldwide, especially coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction)-induced HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), which accounts for over 50% of all HF cases. An estimated 6 million American adults have HF. As a major feature of HF, cardiac sympathetic overactivation triggers arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, which accounts for nearly 50–60% of mortality in HF patients. Regulation of cardiac sympathetic activation is highly integrated by the regulatory circuitry at multiple levels, including afferent, central, and efferent components of the sympathetic nervous system. Much evidence, from other investigators and us, has confirmed the afferent and central neural mechanisms causing sympathoexcitation in HF. The stellate ganglion is a peripheral sympathetic ganglion formed by the fusion of the 7th cervical and 1st thoracic sympathetic ganglion. As the efferent component of the sympathetic nervous system, cardiac postganglionic sympathetic neurons located in stellate ganglia provide local neural coordination independent of higher brain centers. Structural and functional impairments of cardiac postganglionic sympathetic neurons can be involved in cardiac sympathetic overactivation in HF because normally, many effects of the cardiac sympathetic nervous system on cardiac function are mediated via neurotransmitters (e.g., norepinephrine) released from cardiac postganglionic sympathetic neurons innervating the heart. This review provides an overview of cardiac sympathetic remodeling in stellate ganglia and potential mechanisms and the role of cardiac sympathetic remodeling in cardiac sympathetic overactivation and arrhythmias in HF. Targeting cardiac sympathetic remodeling in stellate ganglia could be a therapeutic strategy against malignant cardiac arrhythmias in HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; ; Tel.: +1-402-559-3016; Fax: +1-402-559-9659
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Franzoso M, Dokshokova L, Vitiello L, Zaglia T, Mongillo M. Tuning the Consonance of Microscopic Neuro-Cardiac Interactions Allows the Heart Beats to Play Countless Genres. Front Physiol 2022; 13:841740. [PMID: 35273522 PMCID: PMC8902305 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.841740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Different from skeletal muscle, the heart autonomously generates rhythmic contraction independently from neuronal inputs. However, speed and strength of the heartbeats are continuously modulated by environmental, physical or emotional inputs, delivered by cardiac innervating sympathetic neurons, which tune cardiomyocyte (CM) function, through activation of β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs). Given the centrality of such mechanism in heart regulation, β-AR signaling has been subject of intense research, which has reconciled the molecular details of the transduction pathway and the fine architecture of cAMP signaling in subcellular nanodomains, with its final effects on CM function. The importance of mechanisms keeping the elements of β-AR/cAMP signaling in good order emerges in pathology, when the loss of proper organization of the transduction pathway leads to detuned β-AR/cAMP signaling, with detrimental consequences on CM function. Despite the compelling advancements in decoding cardiac β-AR/cAMP signaling, most discoveries on the subject were obtained in isolated cells, somehow neglecting that complexity may encompass the means in which receptors are activated in the intact heart. Here, we outline a set of data indicating that, in the context of the whole myocardium, the heart orchestra (CMs) is directed by a closely interacting and continuously attentive conductor, represented by SNs. After a roundup of literature on CM cAMP regulation, we focus on the unexpected complexity and roles of cardiac sympathetic innervation, and present the recently discovered Neuro-Cardiac Junction, as the election site of "SN-CM" interaction. We further discuss how neuro-cardiac communication is based on the combination of extra- and intra-cellular signaling micro/nano-domains, implicating neuronal neurotransmitter exocytosis, β-ARs and elements of cAMP homeostasis in CMs, and speculate on how their dysregulation may reflect on dysfunctional neurogenic control of the heart in pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Franzoso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lolita Dokshokova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Tania Zaglia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Mongillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lu SF, Wang JM, Yuan J, Yang WX, Chen LY, Zhang T, Jing XY, Zhuang Y, Zhang CS, Fu SP, Yu ML. Electroacupuncture improves cardiac function and reduces infarct size by modulating cardiac autonomic remodeling in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia. Acupunct Med 2021; 39:681-690. [PMID: 34056953 DOI: 10.1177/09645284211009536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve remodeling play an important role in cardiac function after myocardial ischemia (MI) injury. Increasing evidence indicates that electroacupuncture (EA) can regulate cardiac function by modulating the autonomic nervous system (ANS), but little is known about its effectiveness on neural remodeling post-MI. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of EA in ANS remodeling post-MI. METHODS Adult male C57/BL6 mice were equally divided into the Control (Ctrl), MI and EA groups after generating the MI model by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Echocardiography and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium (TTC) staining were employed to evaluate cardiac function and infarct size after EA treatment for five consecutive days. Serum norepinephrine (NE) levels were measured by ELISA to quantify sympathetic activation. Then, ANS remodeling was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT-qPCR, and Western blotting. RESULTS Our preliminary findings showed that EA increased ejection fraction and fractional shortening and reduced infarct area after MI injury. Serum NE levels in the EA group were significantly decreased compared with those in the MI group. IHC staining results demonstrated that the density of growth associated protein (GAP)43 and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive nerve fibers in the EA group were decreased with increased choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VACHT). Meanwhile, the results verified that mRNA and protein expression of GAP43 and TH were significantly inhibited by EA treatment in the MI mice, accompanied by elevated CHAT and VACHT. CONCLUSIONS EA treatment could improve cardiac function and reduce infarct size by modulating sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve remodeling post-MI, thus helping the cardiac ANS reach a new balance to try to protect the heart from further possible injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Feng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Meng Wang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yue Jing
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Shun Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu-Ping Fu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei-Ling Yu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pachen M, Abukar Y, Shanks J, Lever N, Ramchandra R. Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow by the Carotid Body Chemoreceptors in Ovine Heart Failure. Front Physiol 2021; 12:681135. [PMID: 34122147 PMCID: PMC8195281 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.681135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid bodies (CBs) are peripheral chemoreceptors, which are primary sensors of systemic hypoxia and their activation produces respiratory, autonomic, and cardiovascular adjustments critical for body homeostasis. We have previously shown that carotid chemoreceptor stimulation increases directly recorded cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (cardiac SNA) which increases coronary blood flow (CoBF) in conscious normal sheep. Previous studies have shown that chemoreflex sensitivity is augmented in heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that carotid chemoreceptor stimulation would increase CoBF to a greater extent in HF than control sheep. Experiments were conducted in conscious HF sheep and control sheep (n = 6/group) implanted with electrodes to record diaphragmatic electromyography (dEMG), flow probes to record CoBF as well as arterial pressure. There was a significant increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP), CoBF and coronary vascular conductance (CVC) in response to potassium cyanide (KCN) in both groups of sheep. To eliminate the effects of metabolic vasodilation, the KCN was repeated while the heart was paced at a constant level. In this paradigm, the increase in CoBF and CVC was augmented in the HF group compared to the control group. Pre-treatment with propranolol did not alter the CoBF or the CVC increase in the HF group indicating this was not mediated by an increase in cardiac sympathetic drive. The pressor response to CB activation was abolished by pre-treatment with intravenous atropine in both groups, but there was no change in the CoBF and vascular conductance responses. Our data suggest that in an ovine model of HF, carotid body (CB) mediated increases in CoBF and CVC are augmented compared to control animals. This increase in CoBF is mediated by an increase in cardiac SNA in the control group but not the HF group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Pachen
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yonis Abukar
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Julia Shanks
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nigel Lever
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland and Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohit Ramchandra
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kang D, Yu J, Xia J, Li X, Wang H, Zhao Y. Effect of norepinephrine combined with sodium phosphocreatine on cardiac function and prognosis of patients with septic shock. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2020; 34:2058738420950583. [PMID: 33206570 PMCID: PMC7683914 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420950583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Septic shock (SS) leads to a high mortality rate for sepsis patients. Norepinephrine (NE) is a preferred vasoactive agent in SS treatment. This study aimed to assess the effects of NE at different administration time and NE combined with SP treatment on the cardiac function and prognosis of SS. SS patients received NE treatment at different administration time and NE combined with SP treatment were enrolled in this study. The serum levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), ejection fraction (EF), and pressure-adjusted heart rate (PAR) value were analyzed to evaluate cardiac function. The 28-day survival information was collected and assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The cardiac function of SS patients was improved significantly by NE treatment, especially in the patients received NE at 2 h after fluid infusion, which evidenced by the increased BNP and cTnI levels and EF% and the decreased RAP. In the NE-2 h group, SS patients had a better 28-day survival rate compared with those patients in NE-1 h and -3 h groups. Furthermore, the significantly improved cardiac function and survival outcomes were found in patients received NE combined SP treatment. Taken together, this study results show that NE administration at 2 h after fluid infusion may be the optimal time point for the treatment of SS and NE combined with SP treatment can improve early cardiac dysfunction and 28-day survival outcomes in patients with SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Kang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Jiading Xia
- Department of Intensive Care, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Xiuhua Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Huarong Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pachen M, Abukar Y, Shanks J, Lever N, Ramchandra R. Activation of the carotid body increases directly recorded cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and coronary blood flow in conscious sheep. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 320:R203-R212. [PMID: 33206558 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00246.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the carotid body (CB) using intracarotid potassium cyanide (KCN) injection increases coronary blood flow (CoBF). This increase in CoBF is considered to be mediated by co-activation of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves to the heart. However, whether cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (cardiac SNA) actually increases during CB activation has not been determined previously. We hypothesized that activation of the CB would increase directly recorded cardiac SNA, which would cause coronary vasodilatation. Experiments were conducted in conscious sheep implanted with electrodes to record cardiac SNA and diaphragmatic electromyography (dEMG), flow probes to record CoBF and cardiac output, and a catheter to record arterial pressure. Intracarotid KCN injection was used to activate the CB. To eliminate the contribution of metabolic demand on coronary flow, the heart was paced at a constant rate during CB chemoreflex stimulation. Intracarotid KCN injection resulted in a significant increase in directly recorded cardiac SNA frequency (from 24 ± 2 to 40 ± 4 bursts/min; P < 0.05) as well as a dose-dependent increase in mean arterial pressure (79 ± 15 to 88 ± 14 mmHg; P < 0.01) and CoBF (75 ± 37 vs. 86 ± 42 mL/min; P < 0.05). The increase in CoBF and coronary vascular conductance to intracarotid KCN injection was abolished after propranolol infusion, suggesting that the increased cardiac SNA mediates coronary vasodilatation. The pressor response to activation of the CB was abolished by pretreatment with intravenous atropine, but there was no change in the coronary flow response. Our results indicate that CB activation increases directly recorded cardiac SNA, which mediates vasodilatation of the coronary vasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Pachen
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yonis Abukar
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Julia Shanks
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nigel Lever
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland and Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohit Ramchandra
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Blanco-Rivero J, Couto GK, Paula SM, Fontes MT, Rossoni LV. Enhanced sympathetic neurotransduction in the superior mesenteric artery in a rat model of heart failure: role of noradrenaline and ATP. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 320:H563-H574. [PMID: 33164582 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00444.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is associated with neurohumoral activation, which in turn leads to an increased peripheral resistance. In mesenteric vasculature, perivascular innervation plays relevant role maintaining vascular tonus and resistance. Therefore, we aimed to determine the possible alterations in superior mesenteric artery (SMA) perivascular innervation function in HF rats. HF was induced by coronary artery occlusion in male Wistar rats, and sham-operated (SO) rats were used as controls. After 12 wk, a greater vasoconstrictor response to electrical field stimulation (EFS) was observed in endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded SMA of HF rats. Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine diminished this response in a higher magnitude in HF than in SO animals. However, the noradrenaline (NA) reuptake inhibitor desipramine increased EFS-induced vasoconstriction more in segments from HF rats. Besides, EFS-induced NA release was greater in HF animals, due to a higher tyrosine hydroxylase expression and activity. P2 purinoceptor antagonist suramin reduced EFS-induced vasoconstriction only in segments from SO rats, and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) release was lower in HF than in SO. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) enhanced EFS-induced vasoconstriction in a similar extent in both groups. HF was not associated with changes in EFS-induced NO release or the vasodilator response to NO donor sodium nitroprusside. In conclusion, HF postmyocardial infarction enhanced noradrenergic function and diminished purinergic cotransmission in SMA and did not change nitrergic innervation. The net effect was an increased sympathetic participation on the EFS-induced vasoconstriction that could help to understand the neurotransduction involved on the control of vascular tonus in HF.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study reinforces the pivotal role of noradrenergic innervation in the regulation of mesenteric vascular tone in a rat model of heart failure. Moreover, our results highlight the counteracting role of ATP and NA reuptake, and help to understand the signaling pathways involved on the control of vascular tonus and resistance in heart failure postmyocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Blanco-Rivero
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research Network in Cardiovascular Diseases (CiberCV), Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute University Hospital la Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gisele K Couto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suliana M Paula
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milene T Fontes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana V Rossoni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Borovac JA, D'Amario D, Bozic J, Glavas D. Sympathetic nervous system activation and heart failure: Current state of evidence and the pathophysiology in the light of novel biomarkers. World J Cardiol 2020; 12:373-408. [PMID: 32879702 PMCID: PMC7439452 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i8.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by the activation of at least several neurohumoral pathways that have a common role in maintaining cardiac output and adequate perfusion pressure of target organs and tissues. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is upregulated in HF as evident in dysfunctional baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, circulating and neuronal catecholamine spillover, attenuated parasympathetic response, and augmented sympathetic outflow to the heart, kidneys and skeletal muscles. When these sympathoexcitatory effects on the cardiovascular system are sustained chronically they initiate the vicious circle of HF progression and become associated with cardiomyocyte apoptosis, maladaptive ventricular and vascular remodeling, arrhythmogenesis, and poor prognosis in patients with HF. These detrimental effects of SNS activity on outcomes in HF warrant adequate diagnostic and treatment modalities. Therefore, this review summarizes basic physiological concepts about the interaction of SNS with the cardiovascular system and highlights key pathophysiological mechanisms of SNS derangement in HF. Finally, special emphasis in this review is placed on the integrative and up-to-date overview of diagnostic modalities such as SNS imaging methods and novel laboratory biomarkers that could aid in the assessment of the degree of SNS activation and provide reliable prognostic information among patients with HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josip Anđelo Borovac
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, Croatia
- Working Group on Heart Failure of Croatian Cardiac Society, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Domenico D'Amario
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Duska Glavas
- Working Group on Heart Failure of Croatian Cardiac Society, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital of Split, Split 21000, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Matsushita M, Shirakabe A, Kobayashi N, Okazaki H, Shibata Y, Goda H, Shigihara S, Asano K, Tani K, Kiuchi K, Okajima F, Hata N, Asai K, Shimizu W. Mechanisms of Urgently Presenting Acute Heart Failure. Int Heart J 2020; 61:316-324. [PMID: 32173711 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.19-523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of urgently presenting acute heart failure (AHF) are not clear. We evaluated the serum catecholamine values of AHF patients immediately after admission. A total of 1,475 AHF patients were screened, and 484 who were admitted from their homes and in whom serum catecholamine could be evaluated immediately after admission were analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups according to the time interval from the onset of symptoms to admission (OA): < 3 hours (early-OA group; n = 283), 3-24 hours (middle-OA group; n = 142), and ≥24 hours (late-OA group; n = 59). In the early-OA group, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly higher, orthopnea was more frequent, the pH value was significantly decreased, and the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation was required significantly more often than in the other groups. The serum noradrenaline level was significantly increased in the early-OA group (1.96 [1.02-3.60] ng/mL) than in the middle-OA (1.49 [0.73-3.41] ng/mL) and late-OA (1.40 [0.91-2.42] ng/mL) groups, and the adrenaline level was significantly increased in the early-OA group (0.36 [0.13-1.17] ng/mL) than in the late-OA (0.22 [0.09-0.52] ng/mL) group. A multivariate logistic regression model indicated the early-OA group was independently associated with the SBP > 140 mmHg (odds ratio [OR]: 2.219, 95% CI: 1.375-3.581), midnight/early morning admission (OR: 3.158, 95% CI: 2.048-4.868), and high serum catecholamine value (adrenaline > 0.96 ng/mL, noradrenaline > 3.39 ng/mL, and dopamine > 0.21 ng/mL) (OR 2.091, 95% CI: 1.161-3.767). In conclusion, urgently presented AHF might be induced by an endogenous catecholamine surge, which causes an excessive rise in blood pressure leading to increased after-overload and volume-shift lung congestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Matsushita
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Akihiro Shirakabe
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Nobuaki Kobayashi
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Hirotake Okazaki
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Yusaku Shibata
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Hiroki Goda
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Shota Shigihara
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Kazuhiro Asano
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Kenichi Tani
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Kazutaka Kiuchi
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Fumitaka Okajima
- Department of Endocrinology, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Noritake Hata
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Kuniya Asai
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abukar Y, Lever N, Pachen M, LeGrice IJ, Ramchandra R. Impaired Baroreflex Function in an Ovine Model of Chronic Heart Failure Induced by Multiple Coronary Microembolizations. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1420. [PMID: 31824334 PMCID: PMC6882935 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Testing new therapies in heart failure (HF) requires a chronic stable model of HF in large animals. Microembolization of the coronary arteries has been used to model HF previously; however, neural control has not been previously explored in this model. Thus the aim of this study was to further characterize neural control in this model of HF. HF was induced by infusion of microspheres (45 micron; 1.3 ml) into the proximal left coronary artery or left descending coronary arteries, with three sequential embolizations over 3 weeks. Twelve to 14 weeks after the final embolization, and when ejection fraction had decreased below 45%, animals were instrumented to record blood pressure and heart rate. Baroreflex control of heart rate was investigated in conscious animals. Additionally, pressure-volume loops were constructed under anesthesia. Embolization-induced HF was associated with a decrease in mean arterial pressure (67 ± 2 vs. 85 ± 4 mmHg, p < 0.05), an increase in heart rate (108 ± 4 vs. 94 ± 4 bpm, p < 0.05), and a significant increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (11.4 ± 2 vs. 6.2 ± 1 mmHg, p < 0.01). Under conscious conditions, there was a significant decrease in the gain (-8.2 ± 2 vs. -4.1 ± 1 beats/min/mmHg, p < 0.05) as well as the lower plateau of the baroreflex in HF compared to control animals. HF was also associated with significantly increased respiratory rate (107 ± 4 vs. 87 ± 4 breaths/min, p < 0.01) and incidence of apneas (520 ± 24 vs. 191 ± 8 apnea periods >4 s, p < 0.05), compared to control sheep. The microembolization model of heart failure is associated with an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, impaired cardiac function, and altered baroreflex control of the heart. These findings suggest this chronic model of HF is appropriate to use for investigating interventions aimed at improving neural control in HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonis Abukar
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nigel Lever
- Department of Cardiology, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mridula Pachen
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ian J LeGrice
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohit Ramchandra
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ramchandra R, Xing DT, Matear M, Lambert G, Allen AM, May CN. Neurohumoral interactions contributing to renal vasoconstriction and decreased renal blood flow in heart failure. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 317:R386-R396. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00026.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In heart failure (HF), increases in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), renal norepinephrine spillover, and renin release cause renal vasoconstriction, which may contribute to the cardiorenal syndrome. To increase our understanding of the mechanisms causing renal vasoconstriction in HF, we investigated the interactions between the increased activity of the renal nerves and the renal release of norepinephrine and renin in an ovine pacing-induced model of HF compared with healthy sheep. In addition, we determined the level of renal angiotensin type-1 receptors and the renal vascular responsiveness to stimulation of the renal nerves and α1-adrenoceptors. In conscious sheep with mild HF (ejection fraction 35%–40%), renal blood flow (276 ± 13 to 185 ± 18 mL/min) and renal vascular conductance (3.8 ± 0.2 to 3.1 ± 0.2 mL·min−1·mmHg−1) were decreased compared with healthy sheep. There were increases in the burst frequency of RSNA (27%), renal norepinephrine spillover (377%), and plasma renin activity (141%), whereas the density of renal medullary angiotensin type-1 receptors decreased. In anesthetized sheep with HF, the renal vasoconstrictor responses to electrical stimulation of the renal nerves or to phenylephrine were attenuated. Irbesartan improved the responses to nerve stimulation, but not to phenylephrine, in HF and reduced the responses in normal sheep. In summary, in HF, the increases in renal norepinephrine spillover and plasma renin activity are augmented compared with the increase in RSNA. The vasoconstrictor effect of the increased renal norepinephrine and angiotensin II is offset by reduced levels of renal angiotensin type-1 receptors and reduced renal vasoconstrictor responsiveness to α1-adrenoceptor stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Ramchandra
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel T. Xing
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marcus Matear
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gavin Lambert
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute and Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Allen
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Clive N. May
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|