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Tamura Y, Kawashima T, Ji R, Agata N, Itoh Y, Kawakami K. Histological and biochemical changes in lymphatic vessels after skeletal muscle injury induced by lengthening contraction in male mice. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15950. [PMID: 38355142 PMCID: PMC10866689 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels are actively involved in the recovery process of inflamed tissues. However, the changes in intramuscular lymphatic vessels during inflammation caused by skeletal muscle injury remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify the changes in lymphatic vessels after skeletal muscle injury. The left tibialis anterior muscles of male mice were subjected to lengthening contractions (LC) for inducing skeletal muscle injury, and samples were collected on Days 2, 4, and 7 for examining changes in both the skeletal muscles and intramuscular lymphatic vessels. With hematoxylin-eosin staining, the inflammatory response was observed in myofibers on Days 2 and 4 after LC, whereas regeneration of myofibers was found on Day 7 after LC. The number and area of intramuscular lymphatic vessels analyzed by immunohistochemical staining with an antibody against lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 were significantly increased only on Day 4 after LC. Based on the abovementioned results, intramuscular lymphatic vessels undergo morphological changes such as increase under the state of muscle inflammation. This study demonstrated that the morphology of intramuscular lymphatic vessels undergoes significant changes during the initial recovery phase following skeletal muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Tamura
- Physical Therapy Research Field, Graduate School of MedicineOita UniversityYufuJapan
| | - Takafumi Kawashima
- Department of RehabilitationAkeno‐Central HospitalOitaJapan
- Faculty of Welfare and Health ScienceOita UniversityOitaJapan
| | - Rui‐Cheng Ji
- Physical Therapy Research Field, Graduate School of MedicineOita UniversityYufuJapan
- Faculty of Welfare and Health ScienceOita UniversityOitaJapan
| | - Nobuhide Agata
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesTokoha UniversityHamamatsuJapan
| | - Yuta Itoh
- Faculty of Rehabilitation ScienceNagoya Gakuin UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Keisuke Kawakami
- Physical Therapy Research Field, Graduate School of MedicineOita UniversityYufuJapan
- Faculty of Welfare and Health ScienceOita UniversityOitaJapan
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Klashami ZN, Mostafavi A, Roudbordeh MG, Abbasi A, Ebrahimi P, Asadi M, Amoli MM. Investigating the relationship between the VNTR variant of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene and coronary in-stent restenosis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8575-8587. [PMID: 37644369 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene (IL-1RN) and coronary in-stent restenosis (ISR) through the analysis of the VNTR variant based on the previously reported results. MATERIALS AND METHODS The samples were classified into two clearly defined groups: the case group, which comprised 45 patients diagnosed with in-stent restenosis (ISR+), and the control group, which included 60 patients without ISR (ISR-). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to examine the 86-bp VNTR variant of the IL-1RN gene. RESULTS In the analysis of six identified groups consisting of variant alleles of 86 base pairs of VNTR of the IL-1RN gene statistically significant difference was observed for the presence of IL1RN*2 allele between cases and controls (p = 0.04, OR; 0.045). CONCLUSION Individuals with allele 2 of the IL-1Ra gene may be more predisposed to ISR. This could be due to an imbalance between IL-1Ra and IL-1β which is crucial in preventing the initiation or advancement of inflammatory diseases in specific organs. The observed phenomenon can be characterized by increased production of IL-1β and potential reduction of IL-1Ra as a result of functional VNTR variation in IL-RN gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Nickhah Klashami
- Metabolic Disorders Research Centre, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atoosa Mostafavi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Abbasi
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pirooz Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata, Italy
| | - Mojgan Asadi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Metabolic Disorders Research Centre, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bei Y, Huang Z, Feng X, Li L, Wei M, Zhu Y, Liu S, Chen C, Yin M, Jiang H, Xiao J. Lymphangiogenesis contributes to exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:466-478. [PMID: 35218948 PMCID: PMC9338339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting cardiac lymphangiogenesis exerts beneficial effects for the heart. Exercise can induce physiological cardiac growth with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased proliferation markers in cardiomyocytes. However, it remains unclear whether and how lymphangiogenesis contributes to exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth. We aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of lymphangiogenesis in exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth. METHODS Adult C57BL6/J mice were subjected to 3 weeks of swimming exercise to induce physiological cardiac growth. Oral treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3) inhibitor SAR131675 was used to investigate whether cardiac lymphangiogenesis was required for exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth by VEGFR3 activation. Furthermore, human dermal lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-conditioned medium was collected to culture isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes to determine whether and how LECs could influence cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypertrophy. RESULTS Swimming exercise induced physiological cardiac growth accompanied by a remarkable increase of cardiac lymphangiogenesis as evidenced by increased density of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1-positive lymphatic vessels in the heart and upregulated LYVE-1 and Podoplanin expressions levels. VEGFR3 was upregulated in the exercised heart, while VEGFR3 inhibitor SAR131675 attenuated exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth as evidenced by blunted myocardial hypertrophy and reduced proliferation marker Ki67 in cardiomyocytes, which was correlated with reduced lymphatic vessel density and downregulated LYVE-1 and Podoplanin in the heart upon exercise. Furthermore, LEC-conditioned medium promoted both hypertrophy and proliferation of cardiomyocytes and contained higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and the extracellular protein Reelin, while LEC-conditioned medium from LECs treated with SAR131675 blocked these effects. Functional rescue assays further demonstrated that protein kinase B (AKT) activation, as well as reduced CCAAT enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) and increased CBP/p300-interacting transactivators with E (glutamic acid)/D (aspartic acid)-rich-carboxylterminal domain 4 (CITED4), contributed to the promotive effect of LEC-conditioned medium on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and proliferation. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that cardiac lymphangiogenesis is required for exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth by VEGFR3 activation, and they indicate that LEC-conditioned medium promotes both physiological hypertrophy and proliferation of cardiomyocytes through AKT activation and the C/EBPβ-CITED4 axis. These results highlight the essential roles of cardiac lymphangiogenesis in exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Bei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xing Feng
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lin Li
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yujiao Zhu
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Mingming Yin
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huimin Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Recent advances and new insights into muscular lymphangiogenesis in health and disease. Life Sci 2018; 211:261-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Greiwe L, Vinck M, Suhr F. The muscle contraction mode determines lymphangiogenesis differentially in rat skeletal and cardiac muscles by modifying local lymphatic extracellular matrix microenvironments. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 217:61-79. [PMID: 26601802 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Lymphatic vessels are of special importance for tissue homeostasis, and increases of their density may foster tissue regeneration. Exercise could be a relevant tool to increase lymphatic vessel density (LVD); however, a significant lack of knowledge remains to understand lymphangiogenesis in skeletal muscles upon training. Interestingly, training-induced lymphangiogenesis has never been studied in the heart. We studied lymphangiogenesis and LVD upon chronic concentric and chronic eccentric muscle contractions in both rat skeletal (Mm. Edl and Sol) and cardiac muscles. METHODS/RESULTS We found that LVD decreased in both skeletal muscles specifically upon eccentric training, while this contraction increased LVD in cardiac tissue. These observations were supported by opposing local remodelling of lymphatic vessel-specific extracellular matrix components in skeletal and cardiac muscles and protein levels of lymphatic markers (Lyve-1, Pdpn, Vegf-C/D). Confocal microscopy further revealed transformations of lymphatic vessels into vessels expressing both blood (Cav-1) and lymphatic (Vegfr-3) markers upon eccentric training specifically in skeletal muscles. In addition and phenotype supportive, we found increased inflammation (NF-κB/p65, Il-1β, Ifn-γ, Tnf-α and MPO(+) cells) in eccentrically stressed skeletal, but decreased levels in cardiac muscles. CONCLUSION Our data provide novel mechanistic insights into lymphangiogenic processes in skeletal and cardiac muscles upon chronic muscle contraction modes and demonstrate that both tissues adapt in opposing manners specifically to eccentric training. These data are highly relevant for clinical applications, because eccentric training serves as a sufficient strategy to increase LVD and to decrease inflammation in cardiac tissue, for example in order to reduce tissue abortion in transplantation settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Greiwe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine; Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine; German Sport University Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - M. Vinck
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine; Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine; German Sport University Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - F. Suhr
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine; Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine; German Sport University Cologne; Cologne Germany
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Schering L, Hoene M, Kanzleiter T, Jähnert M, Wimmers K, Klaus S, Eckel J, Weigert C, Schürmann A, Maak S, Jonas W, Sell H. Identification of novel putative adipomyokines by a cross-species annotation of secretomes and expression profiles. Arch Physiol Biochem 2015; 121:194-205. [PMID: 26599229 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2015.1092044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are organs that respond strongly to obesity and physical activity exhibiting high secretory activity. To identify novel putative adipomyokines, comparative expression studies of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of lean (C57BL/6J) and obese (C57BL/6J on a high-fat diet and NZO) mice, of sedentary and endurance trained C57BL/6J mice and of cattle characterized by different amounts of intramuscular fat were combined with human secretome data and scored. In highly regulated transcripts, we identified 119 myokines, 79 adipokines and 22 adipomyokines. Network analysis of these candidates revealed remodelling of extracellular matrix and tissue fibrosis as relevant functions of several of these candidates. Given the pathophysiogical relevance of fibrosis for adipose-muscle-cross-talk in obesity and type 2 diabetes and its physiological role in exercise adaptation and meat quality of farm animals, they represent interesting candidates for further investigations in different research areas and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schering
- a Institute for Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology , Dummerstorf , Germany
| | - Miriam Hoene
- b Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry , Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Timo Kanzleiter
- c Department of Experimental Diabetology , German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
- d German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Markus Jähnert
- c Department of Experimental Diabetology , German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
- d German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- e Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology , Dummerstorf , Germany
| | - Susanne Klaus
- f Group of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke , Nuthetal , Germany , and
| | - Jürgen Eckel
- d German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
- g Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center , Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Cora Weigert
- b Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry , Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
- d German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- c Department of Experimental Diabetology , German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
- d German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Steffen Maak
- a Institute for Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology , Dummerstorf , Germany
| | - Wenke Jonas
- c Department of Experimental Diabetology , German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
- d German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
| | - Henrike Sell
- d German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany
- g Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center , Düsseldorf , Germany
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Abstract
Lymphatic vessels (LVs) are involved in a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes such as fluid homoeostasis, immune surveillance, and resolution of inflammation and wound healing. Lymphangiogenesis, the outgrowth of existing LVs and the formation of new ones, has received increasing attention over the past decade on account of its prominence in organ physiology and pathology, which has been enabled by the development of specific tools to study lymph vessel functions. Several studies have been devoted to renal lymphatic vasculature and lymphangiogenesis in kidney diseases, such as chronic renal transplant dysfunction, primary renal fibrotic disorders, proteinuria, diabetic nephropathy and renal inflammation. This review describes the most recent findings on lymphangiogenesis, with a specific focus on renal lymphangiogenesis and its impact on renal diseases. We suggest renal lymphatics as a possible target for therapeutic interventions in renal medicine to dampen tubulointerstitial tissue remodelling and improve renal functioning.
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Haemmerle M, Keller T, Egger G, Schachner H, Steiner CW, Stokic D, Neumayer C, Brown MK, Kerjaschki D, Hantusch B. Enhanced lymph vessel density, remodeling, and inflammation are reflected by gene expression signatures in dermal lymphatic endothelial cells in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2013; 62:2509-29. [PMID: 23423575 PMCID: PMC3712036 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with microvascular damage that causes frequent infections in the skin and chronic ulcers as a result of impaired wound healing. To trace the pathological changes, we performed a comprehensive analysis of lymphatic vessels in the skin of type 2 diabetic versus nondiabetic patients. The dermis revealed enhanced lymphatic vessel density, and transcriptional profiling of ex vivo isolated lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) identified 160 genes differentially expressed between type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic LECs. Bioinformatic analysis of deregulated genes uncovered sets functionally related to inflammation, lymphatic vessel remodeling, lymphangiogenesis, and lipid and small molecule transport. Furthermore, we traced CD68(+) macrophage accumulation and concomitant upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in type 2 diabetic skin. TNF-α treatment of LECs and its specific blockade in vitro reproduced differential regulation of a gene set that led to enhanced LEC mobility and macrophage attachment, which was mediated by the LEC-derived chemokine CXCL10. This study identifies lymph vessel gene signatures directly correlated with type 2 diabetes skin manifestations. In addition, we provide evidence for paracrine cross-talk fostering macrophage recruitment to LECs as one pathophysiological process that might contribute to aberrant lymphangiogenesis and persistent inflammation in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Haemmerle
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Keller
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerda Egger
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helga Schachner
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carl Walter Steiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dejan Stokic
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus K. Brown
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dontscho Kerjaschki
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Hantusch
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Corresponding author: Brigitte Hantusch,
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Stelzner F, Steinau H, Friedrichs N, von Mallek D. Der Weg regionärer Lymphbahnmetastasen bei Weichgewebssarkomen. Chirurg 2013; 84:502-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00104-012-2363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Slow CCL2-dependent translocation of biopersistent particles from muscle to brain. BMC Med 2013; 11:99. [PMID: 23557144 PMCID: PMC3616851 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term biodistribution of nanomaterials used in medicine is largely unknown. This is the case for alum, the most widely used vaccine adjuvant, which is a nanocrystalline compound spontaneously forming micron/submicron-sized agglomerates. Although generally well tolerated, alum is occasionally detected within monocyte-lineage cells long after immunization in presumably susceptible individuals with systemic/neurologic manifestations or autoimmune (inflammatory) syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA). METHODS On the grounds of preliminary investigations in 252 patients with alum-associated ASIA showing both a selective increase of circulating CCL2, the major monocyte chemoattractant, and a variation in the CCL2 gene, we designed mouse experiments to assess biodistribution of vaccine-derived aluminum and of alum-particle fluorescent surrogates injected in muscle. Aluminum was detected in tissues by Morin stain and particle induced X-ray emission) (PIXE) Both 500 nm fluorescent latex beads and vaccine alum agglomerates-sized nanohybrids (Al-Rho) were used. RESULTS Intramuscular injection of alum-containing vaccine was associated with the appearance of aluminum deposits in distant organs, such as spleen and brain where they were still detected one year after injection. Both fluorescent materials injected into muscle translocated to draining lymph nodes (DLNs) and thereafter were detected associated with phagocytes in blood and spleen. Particles linearly accumulated in the brain up to the six-month endpoint; they were first found in perivascular CD11b+ cells and then in microglia and other neural cells. DLN ablation dramatically reduced the biodistribution. Cerebral translocation was not observed after direct intravenous injection, but significantly increased in mice with chronically altered blood-brain-barrier. Loss/gain-of-function experiments consistently implicated CCL2 in systemic diffusion of Al-Rho particles captured by monocyte-lineage cells and in their subsequent neurodelivery. Stereotactic particle injection pointed out brain retention as a factor of progressive particle accumulation. CONCLUSION Nanomaterials can be transported by monocyte-lineage cells to DLNs, blood and spleen, and, similarly to HIV, may use CCL2-dependent mechanisms to penetrate the brain. This occurs at a very low rate in normal conditions explaining good overall tolerance of alum despite its strong neurotoxic potential. However, continuously escalating doses of this poorly biodegradable adjuvant in the population may become insidiously unsafe, especially in the case of overimmunization or immature/altered blood brain barrier or high constitutive CCL-2 production.
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Gehlert S, Theis C, Weber S, Schiffer T, Hellmich M, Platen P, Bloch W. Exercise-Induced Decline in the Density of LYVE-1-Positive Lymphatic Vessels in Human Skeletal Muscle. Lymphat Res Biol 2010; 8:165-73. [DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2009.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Gehlert
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Theis
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weber
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schiffer
- Outpatient Clinic for Sports Traumatology and Public Health Consultation, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Hellmich
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Petra Platen
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- The German Research Center of Elite Sport, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Bonsignore MR, Morici G, Riccioni R, Huertas A, Petrucci E, Veca M, Mariani G, Bonanno A, Chimenti L, Gioia M, Palange P, Testa U. Hemopoietic and angiogenetic progenitors in healthy athletes: different responses to endurance and maximal exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2010; 109:60-7. [PMID: 20448032 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01344.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of endurance or maximal exercise on mobilization of bone marrow-derived hemopoietic and angiogenetic progenitors in healthy subjects are poorly defined. In 10 healthy amateur runners, we collected venous blood before, at the end of, and the day after a marathon race (n = 9), and before and at the end of a 1.5-km field test (n = 8), and measured hemopoietic and angiogenetic progenitors by flow cytometry and culture assays, as well as plasma or serum concentrations of several cytokines/growth factors. After the marathon, CD34(+) cells were unchanged, whereas clonogenetic assays showed decreased number of colonies for both erythropoietic (BFU-E) and granulocyte-monocyte (CFU-GM) series, returning to baseline the morning post-race. Conversely, CD34(+) cells, BFU-E, and CFU-GM increased after the field test. Angiogenetic progenitors, assessed as CD34(+)KDR(+) and CD133(+)VE-cadherin(+) cells or as adherent cells in culture expressing endothelial markers, increased after both endurance and maximal exercise but showed a different pattern between protocols. Interleukin-6 increased more after the marathon than after the field test, whereas hepatocyte growth factor and stem cell factor increased similarly in both protocols. Plasma levels of angiopoietin (Ang) 1 and 2 increased after both types of exercise, whereas the Ang-1-to-Ang-2 ratio or vascular endothelial growth factor-A were little affected. These data suggest that circulating hemopoietic progenitors may be utilized in peripheral tissues during prolonged endurance exercise. Endothelial progenitor mobilization after exercise in healthy trained subjects appears modulated by the type of exercise. Exercise-induced increase in growth factors suggests a physiological trophic effect of exercise on the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Bonsignore
- Biomedical Department, Internal and Specialistic Medicine (DIBIMIS), Section of Pneumology, University of Palermo, Via Trabucco, 180, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
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Wu FTH, Stefanini MO, Mac Gabhann F, Popel AS. A compartment model of VEGF distribution in humans in the presence of soluble VEGF receptor-1 acting as a ligand trap. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5108. [PMID: 19352513 PMCID: PMC2663039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), through its activation of cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases including VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, is a vital regulator of stimulatory and inhibitory processes that keep angiogenesis--new capillary growth from existing microvasculature--at a dynamic balance in normal physiology. Soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR1)--a naturally-occurring truncated version of VEGFR1 lacking the transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains--has been postulated to exert inhibitory effects on angiogenic signaling via two mechanisms: direct sequestration of angiogenic ligands such as VEGF; or dominant-negative heterodimerization with surface VEGFRs. In pre-clinical studies, sVEGFR1 gene and protein therapy have demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting tumor angiogenesis; while in clinical studies, sVEGFR1 has shown utility as a diagnostic or prognostic marker in a widening array of angiogenesis-dependent diseases. Here we developed a novel computational multi-tissue model for recapitulating the dynamic systemic distributions of VEGF and sVEGFR1. Model features included: physiologically-based multi-scale compartmentalization of the human body; inter-compartmental macromolecular biotransport processes (vascular permeability, lymphatic drainage); and molecularly-detailed binding interactions between the ligand isoforms VEGF(121) and VEGF(165), signaling receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, non-signaling co-receptor neuropilin-1 (NRP1), as well as sVEGFR1. The model was parameterized to represent a healthy human subject, whereupon we investigated the effects of sVEGFR1 on the distribution and activation of VEGF ligands and receptors. We assessed the healthy baseline stability of circulating VEGF and sVEGFR1 levels in plasma, as well as their reliability in indicating tissue-level angiogenic signaling potential. Unexpectedly, simulated results showed that sVEGFR1 - acting as a diffusible VEGF sink alone, i.e., without sVEGFR1-VEGFR heterodimerization--did not significantly lower interstitial VEGF, nor inhibit signaling potential in tissues. Additionally, the sensitivity of plasma VEGF and sVEGFR1 to physiological fluctuations in transport rates may partially account for the heterogeneity in clinical measurements of these circulating angiogenic markers, potentially hindering their diagnostic reliability for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence T H Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
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Egginton S. Invited review: activity-induced angiogenesis. Pflugers Arch 2008; 457:963-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-008-0563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Blei F. Literature watch: Lineage tracing demonstrates the venous origin of the mammalian lymphatic vasculature. Lymphat Res Biol 2008; 5:275-6. [PMID: 18370919 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2007.5402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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16
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Kivelä R, Kyröläinen H, Selänne H, Komi PV, Kainulainen H, Vihko V. A single bout of exercise with high mechanical loading induces the expression of Cyr61/CCN1 and CTGF/CCN2 in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2007; 103:1395-401. [PMID: 17673559 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00531.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High mechanical loading was hypothesized to induce the expression of angiogenic and/or lymphangiogenic extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in skeletal muscle. Eight men performed a strenuous exercise protocol, which consisted of 100 unilateral maximal drop jumps followed by submaximal jumping until exhaustion. Muscle biopsies were taken 30 min and 48 h postexercise from the vastus lateralis muscle and analyzed for the following parameters: mRNA and protein expression of ECM-associated CCN proteins [cysteine-rich angiogenic protein 61 (Cyr61)/CCN1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)/CCN2], and mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. The mRNA expression of Cyr61 and CTGF increased 30 min after the exercise (14- and 2.5-fold, respectively; P < 0.001). Cyr61 remained elevated 48 h postexercise (threefold; P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, or hypoxia-inducible factor-1α did not change significantly at either 30 min or 48 h postexercise; however, the variation between subjects increased markedly in VEGF-A and VEGF-B mRNA. Cyr61 protein levels were higher at both 30 min and 48 h after the exercise compared with the control ( P < 0.05). Cyr61 and CTGF proteins were localized to muscle fibers and the surrounding ECM by immunohistochemistry. Fast fibers stained more intensively than slow fibers. In conclusion, mechanical loading induces rapid expression of CCN proteins in human skeletal muscle. This may be one of the early mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle remodeling after exercise, since Cyr61 and CTGF regulate the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis and ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Kivelä
- LIKES Research Center for Sport and Health Sciences, Rautpohjankatu 8a, FIN-40700 Jyväskylä, Finland.
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