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Hyldahl F, Hem-Jensen E, Rahbek UL, Tritsaris K, Dissing S. Pulsed electric fields stimulate microglial transmitter release of VEGF, IL-8 and GLP-1 and activate endothelial cells through paracrine signaling. Neurochem Int 2023; 163:105469. [PMID: 36592699 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As action potentials propagate along an axon, pulsed extracellular electric fields (E-fields) are induced. We investigated the role of E-fields in activating microglia cells and affecting capillary function and found that E-fields control human microglia secretions in concert with purinergic factors. We generated E-fields by applying transcranial pulsed electromagnetic fields (T-PEMF) identical to those appearing outside neurons as action potentials propagate. T-PEMF alone enhanced mRNA synthesis for VEGF, IL-8, IL-6 and the proglucagon gene as well as the PC1/3 enzyme that cleaves the proglucagon protein to glucagon and GLP-1 proteins. We found that T-PEMF enhanced secretion from microglia of VEGF, IL-8 and GLP-1 proteins having angiogenic and proliferative profiles. Interestingly, T-PEMF and purinergic transmitters together enhanced secretions confirming synergy between their actions. ATP also induced nitric oxide (NO) syntheses in distinct locations in the nucleus and the mRNA synthesis for the responsible iNOS was reduced by T-PEMF. When the microglia-secretory fluid was added to brain endothelial cells we saw vivid Ca2+ signaling and enhanced transcription of mRNA for IL-8 and VEGF. Our previous work shows that applying T-PEMF to the human brain provides up to 60% remission for patients with refractory depressions within 8 weeks and improvements for Parkinson patients. Thus, physiological E-fields activate microglia, work synergistically with neurotransmitters, and cause paracrine secretions which cause activation of capillaries. Application of these E-Fields is effective for treating refractory depressions and appear promising for treating neurodegenerative brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederikke Hyldahl
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Hem-Jensen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark
| | - Ulrik L Rahbek
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark
| | - Katerina Tritsaris
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark
| | - Steen Dissing
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Faculty of Health Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200N, Denmark.
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2
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Bailey J, Coucha M, Bolduc DR, Burnett FN, Barrett AC, Ghaly M, Abdelsaid M. GLP-1 receptor nitration contributes to loss of brain pericyte function in a mouse model of diabetes. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1541-1554. [PMID: 35687178 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We have previously shown that diabetes causes pericyte dysfunction, leading to loss of vascular integrity and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), used in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, improve the cognitive function of diabetic individuals beyond glycaemic control, yet the mechanism is not fully understood. In the present study, we hypothesise that GLP-1 RAs improve VCID by preventing diabetes-induced pericyte dysfunction. METHODS Mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and non-diabetic control mice received either saline (NaCl 154 mmol/l) or exendin-4, a GLP-1 RA, through an osmotic pump over 28 days. Vascular integrity was assessed by measuring cerebrovascular neovascularisation indices (vascular density, tortuosity and branching density). Cognitive function was evaluated with Barnes maze and Morris water maze. Human brain microvascular pericytes (HBMPCs), were grown in high glucose (25 mmol/l) and sodium palmitate (200 μmol/l) to mimic diabetic conditions. HBMPCs were treated with/without exendin-4 and assessed for nitrative and oxidative stress, and angiogenic and blood-brain barrier functions. RESULTS Diabetic mice treated with exendin-4 showed a significant reduction in all cerebral pathological neovascularisation indices and an improved blood-brain barrier (p<0.05). The vascular protective effects were accompanied by significant improvement in the learning and memory functions of diabetic mice compared with control mice (p<0.05). Our results showed that HBMPCs expressed the GLP-1 receptor. Diabetes increased GLP-1 receptor expression and receptor nitration in HBMPCs. Stimulation of HBMPCs with exendin-4 under diabetic conditions decreased diabetes-induced vascular inflammation and oxidative stress, and restored pericyte function (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study provides novel evidence that brain pericytes express the GLP-1 receptor, which is nitrated under diabetic conditions. GLP-1 receptor activation improves brain pericyte function resulting in restoration of vascular integrity and BBB functions in diabetes. Furthermore, the GLP-1 RA exendin-4 alleviates diabetes-induced cognitive impairment in mice. Restoration of pericyte function in diabetes represents a novel therapeutic target for diabetes-induced cerebrovascular microangiopathy and VCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bailey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Maha Coucha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, South University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Deanna R Bolduc
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Faith N Burnett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Amy C Barrett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Mark Ghaly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Mohammed Abdelsaid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, USA.
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3
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Mahmoudzade S, Goudarzi S, Mohammad Jafari R, Shafaroodi H, Dehpour AR, Sanatkar M. The N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antagonist ketamin exerts analgesic effects via modulation of the nitric oxide pathway. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2022; 36:956-965. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shamim Mahmoudzade
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
| | - Sepideh Goudarzi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Hamed Shafaroodi
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Sanatkar
- Anesthesiology and Pain Management Department Farabi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science Tehran Iran
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4
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Jensen EP, Møller S, Hviid AV, Veedfald S, Holst JJ, Pedersen J, Ørskov C, Sorensen CM. GLP-1-induced renal vasodilation in rodents depends exclusively on the known GLP-1 receptor and is lost in prehypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F1409-F1417. [PMID: 32390511 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00579.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone known to stimulate postprandial insulin release. However, GLP-1 also exerts extrapancreatic effects, including renal effects. Some of these renal effects are attenuated in hypertensive rats, where renal expression of GLP-1 receptors is reduced. Here, we assessed the expression and vascular function of GLP-1 receptors in kidneys from young prehypertensive rats. We also examined GLP-1-induced vasodilation in the renal vasculature in wild-type (WT) and GLP-1 receptor knockout mice using wire and pressure myography and the isolated perfused juxtamedullary nephron preparation. We investigated whether GLP-1 and the metabolite GLP-1(9-36)amide had renal vascular effects independent of the known GLP-1 receptor. We hypothesized that hypertension decreased expression of renal GLP-1 receptors. We also hypothesized that GLP-1-induced renal vasodilatation depended on expression of the known GLP-1 receptor. In contrast to normotensive rats, no immunohistochemical staining or vasodilatory function of GLP-1 receptors was found in kidneys from prehypertensive rats. In WT mice, GLP-1 induced renal vasodilation and reduced the renal autoregulatory response. The GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin 9-39 inhibited relaxation, and GLP-1(9-36)amide had no vasodilatory effect. In GLP-1 receptor knockout mice, no relaxation induced by GLP-1 or GLP-1(9-36)amide was found, the autoregulatory response in afferent arterioles was normal, and no GLP-1-induced reduction of autoregulation was found. We conclude that in prehypertensive kidneys, expression and function of GLP-1 receptors is lost. The renal vasodilatory effect of GLP-1 is mediated exclusively by the known GLP-1 receptor. GLP-1(9-36)amide has no renal vasodilatory effect. GLP-1 attenuates renal autoregulation by reducing the myogenic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa P Jensen
- NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sophie Møller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aleksander Vauvert Hviid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Veedfald
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Pedersen
- NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cathrine Ørskov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte M Sorensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Aung MM, Slade K, Freeman LAR, Kos K, Whatmore JL, Shore AC, Gooding KM. Locally delivered GLP-1 analogues liraglutide and exenatide enhance microvascular perfusion in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2019; 62:1701-1711. [PMID: 31203378 PMCID: PMC6677680 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4918-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues reduce the risk of macrovascular disease in diabetes; however, little is known about their microvascular effects. This research examined the microvascular actions of the GLP-1 analogues liraglutide and exenatide in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (study 1). It also explored the involvement of the GLP-1 receptor (study 2) and the nitric oxide pathway in mediating the microvascular effects of the analogues. METHODS Trial design: Studies 1 and 2 had a randomised, controlled, double-blind study design. Study 1 participants, intervention and methods: three participant groups were recruited: individuals with well-controlled type 2 diabetes, and obese and lean individuals without diabetes (21 participants per group). Liraglutide (0.06 mg), exenatide (0.5 μg) and saline (154 mmol/l NaCl; 0.9%) control were microinjected into separate sites in the dermis (forearm) in a randomised order, blinded to operator and participant. Skin microvascular perfusion was assessed by laser Doppler perfusion imaging. Outcomes were stabilised response (mean skin perfusion between 7.5 and 10 min post microinjection) and total response (AUC, normalised for baseline perfusion). Perfusion response to GLP-1 analogues was compared with saline within each group as well as between groups. Study 2 participants, intervention and methods: in healthy individuals (N = 16), liraglutide (0.06 mg) and saline microinjected sites were pretreated with saline or the GLP-1 receptor blocker, exendin-(9,39), in a randomised order, blinded to participant and operator. Outcomes were as above (stabilised response and total perfusion response). Perfusion response to liraglutide was compared between the saline and the exendin-(9,39) pretreated sites. In vitro study: the effects of liraglutide and exenatide on nitrate levels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation (activation) were examined using human microvascular endothelial cells. RESULTS Study 1 results: both analogues increased skin perfusion (stabilised response and total response) in all groups (n = 21 per group, p < 0.001), with the microvascular responses similar across groups (p ≥ 0.389). Study 2 results: liraglutide response (stabilised response and total response) was not influenced by pretreatment with exendin-(9,39) (70 nmol/l) (N = 15, one dataset excluded) (p ≥ 0.609). Liraglutide and exenatide increased nitrate production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation (p ≤ 0.020). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Liraglutide and exenatide increased skin microvascular perfusion in individuals with and without well-controlled diabetes, potentially mediated, at least in part, by NO. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01677104. FUNDING This work was supported by Diabetes UK (grant numbers: 09/0003955 and 12/0004600 [RW and JM Collins Legacy, Funded Studentship]).
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Affiliation(s)
- Myo Myo Aung
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5AX, UK
| | - Kate Slade
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5AX, UK
| | | | - Katarina Kos
- Obesity Research Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Angela C Shore
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5AX, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Kim M Gooding
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5AX, UK.
- National Institute of Health Research Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK.
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6
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Abstract
The organs require oxygen and other types of nutrients (amino acids, sugars, and lipids) to function, the heart consuming large amounts of fatty acids for oxidation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation.
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7
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Simó R, Hernández C. Comment on: "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor expression in the human eye". Diabetes Obes Metab 2019; 21:446-447. [PMID: 30187661 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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8
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Pearson S, Kietsiriroje N, Ajjan RA. Oral Semaglutide In The Management Of Type 2 Diabetes: A Report On The Evidence To Date. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:2515-2529. [PMID: 31819577 PMCID: PMC6897065 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s229802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, newer drug classes for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus have been released with significant effects on glucose lowering and weight reduction. One of the most promising classes in achieving these goals has been the glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 agonists. However, a difficulty with the use of these agents is the need for subcutaneous injections, which can be inconvenient to individuals living with type 2 diabetes. More recently, a GLP-1 agonist has been developed, semaglutide, that can be administered orally which has at least similar effects to the subcutaneous preparation from which this compound is derived. In this review article, we discuss the glycemic and cardiovascular effects of the GLP-1 agonists with special emphasis on oral semaglutide and the potential role of this therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Pearson
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West YorkshireLS2 9JT, UK
| | - Noppadol Kietsiriroje
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West YorkshireLS2 9JT, UK
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla90110, Thailand
| | - Ramzi A Ajjan
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West YorkshireLS2 9JT, UK
- Correspondence: Ramzi A Ajjan Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West YorkshireLS2 9JT, UKTel +44 113 343 7475 Email
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9
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Bangshaab M, Gutierrez A, Huynh KD, Knudsen JS, Arcanjo DDR, Petersen AG, Rungby J, Gejl M, Simonsen U. Different mechanisms involved in liraglutide and glucagon-like peptide-1 vasodilatation in rat mesenteric small arteries. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:386-399. [PMID: 30403290 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that regulates insulin biosynthesis and secretion in a glucose-dependent manner and has been reported to induce vasodilatation. Here, we examined the possible vasorelaxant effect of GLP-1 and its underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rat mesenteric arteries (diameter ≈ 200-400 μm) and human s.c. arteries were mounted in microvascular myographs for isometric tension recordings. The effect of GLP-1 on vascular responses was examined under normoglycaemic conditions and at high glucose concentrations. KEY RESULTS In rat mesenteric arteries and human s.c. arteries without branches, physiological concentrations (1-100 nM) of GLP-1(7-36) and liraglutide failed to cause relaxation or affect contractions evoked by electrical field stimulation. In contrast to GLP-1(7-36), liraglutide induced relaxations antagonized by the GLP-1 receptor antagonist, exendin-(9-39), in branched mesenteric arteries. In contrast to liraglutide, GLP-1 leftward shifted the concentration relaxation curves for bradykinin in s.c. arteries from patients with peripheral arterial disease, an effect resistant to exendin-(9-39). Under normoglycaemic conditions, neither GLP-1 nor liraglutide affected ACh relaxation in rat mesenteric arteries. In arteries exposed to 40 mM glucose, GLP-1, in contrast to liraglutide, potentiated ACh-induced relaxation by a mechanism that was not antagonized by exendin-(9-39). GLP-1 decreased superoxide levels measured with dihydroethidium in rat mesenteric arteries exposed to 40 mM glucose. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS GLP-1 receptors are involved in the liraglutide-induced relaxation of branched arteries, under normoglycaemic conditions, while GLP-1 inhibition of vascular superoxide levels contributes to GLP-1 receptor-independent potentiation of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maj Bangshaab
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Gutierrez
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Khiem Dinh Huynh
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jakob Schöllhammer Knudsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Asbjørn G Petersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Rungby
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Endocrinology IC, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Gejl
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulf Simonsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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10
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Ye X, Beckett T, Bagher P, Garland CJ, Dora KA. VEGF-A inhibits agonist-mediated Ca 2+ responses and activation of IK Ca channels in mouse resistance artery endothelial cells. J Physiol 2018; 596:3553-3566. [PMID: 29862503 DOI: 10.1113/jp275793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Prolonged exposure to vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) inhibits agonist-mediated endothelial cell Ca2+ release and subsequent activation of intermediate conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ (IKCa ) channels, which underpins vasodilatation as a result of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) in mouse resistance arteries. Signalling via mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) downstream of VEGF-A was required to attenuate endothelial cell Ca2+ responses and the EDH-vasodilatation mediated by IKCa activation. VEGF-A exposure did not modify vasodilatation as a result of the direct activation of IKCa channels, nor the pattern of expression of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 within endothelial cells of resistance arteries. These results indicate a novel role for VEGF-A in resistance arteries and suggest a new avenue for investigation into the role of VEGF-A in cardiovascular diseases. ABSTRACT Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is a potent permeability and angiogenic factor that is also associated with the remodelling of the microvasculature. Elevated VEGF-A levels are linked to a significant increase in the risk of cardiovascular dysfunction, although it is unclear how VEGF-A has a detrimental, disease-related effect. Small resistance arteries are central determinants of peripheral resistance and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) is the predominant mechanism by which these arteries vasodilate. Using isolated, pressurized resistance arteries, we demonstrate that VEGF-A acts via VEGF receptor-2 (R2) to inhibit both endothelial cell (EC) Ca2+ release and the associated EDH vasodilatation mediated by intermediate conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ (IKCa ) channels. Importantly, VEGF-A had no direct effect against IKCa channels. Instead, the inhibition was crucially reliant on the downstream activation of the mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2). The distribution of EC inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3 ) receptor-1 (R1) was not affected by exposure to VEGF-A and we propose an inhibition of IP3 R1 through the MEK pathway, probably via ERK1/2. Inhibition of EC Ca2+ via VEGFR2 has profound implications for EDH-mediated dilatation of resistance arteries and could provide a mechanism by which elevated VEGF-A contributes towards cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Taylor Beckett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Pooneh Bagher
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, UK.,Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | | | - Kim A Dora
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, UK
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11
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Li L, Huang B, Song S, Sohun H, Rao Z, Tao L, Jin Q, Zeng J, Wu R, Ji K, Lin J, Wu L, Chu M. A20 functions as mediator in TNFα-induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells through TAK1-dependent MAPK/eNOS pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:65230-65239. [PMID: 29029426 PMCID: PMC5630326 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A20, a negative regulator of nuclear factor κB signaling, has been shown to attenuate atherosclerotic events. Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) plays a critical role in TNFα-induced atherosclerosis via endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) uncoupling and NO reduction. In the study, we investigated the hypothesis that A20 protected endothelial cell injury induced by TNFα through modulating eNOS activity and TAK1 signalling. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated by TNFα. The impact of A20 on cell apoptosis, eNOS expression and NO production and related TAK1 pathway were detected. Both eNOS and NO production were remarkably reduced. TAK1, p38 MAPK phosphorylation and HUVECs apoptosis were enhanced after TNFα stimulation for 2 hrs. Inhibition of A20 significantly activated TAK1, p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and cell apoptosis, but blocked eNOS expression and NO production. Furthermore, p38 MAPK expression was suppressed by A20 over-expression, but re-enhanced by inhibiting A20 or activation of TAK1. Furtherly, TNFα-induced suppression of eNOS and NO production were largely prevented by silencing p38 MAPK. Collectively, our results suggested that A20-mediated TAK1 inactivation suppresses p38 MAPK and regulated MAPK/eNOS pathway, which contributes to endothelial cell survival and function preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | | | - Shiyang Song
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hareshwaree Sohun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zhiheng Rao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Luyuan Tao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Qike Jin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jingjing Zeng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Rongzhou Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Kangting Ji
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jiafeng Lin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Lianpin Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Maoping Chu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Chen J, Wang D, Wang F, Shi S, Chen Y, Yang B, Tang Y, Huang C. Exendin-4 inhibits structural remodeling and improves Ca 2+ homeostasis in rats with heart failure via the GLP-1 receptor through the eNOS/cGMP/PKG pathway. Peptides 2017; 90:69-77. [PMID: 28242257 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist exendin-4 is a long-acting analog of GLP-1, which stimulates insulin secretion and is clinically used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have demonstrated that GLP-1 agonists and analogs serve as cardioprotective factors in various conditions. Disturbances in calcium cycling are characteristic of heart failure (HF); therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exendin-4 (a GLP-1 mimetic) on the regulation of calcium handling and to identify the underlying mechanisms in an HF rat model after myocardial infarction (MI). Rats underwent surgical ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery or sham surgery prior to infusion with vehicle, exendin-4, or exendin-4 and exendin9-39 for 4 weeks. Exendin-4 treatment decreased MI size, suppressed chamber dilation, myocyte hypertrophy, and fibrosis and improved in vivo heart function in the rats subjected to MI. Exendin-4 resulted in an increase in circulating GLP-1 and GLP-1R in ventricular tissues. Additionally, exendin-4 activated the eNOS/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway and inhibited the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) pathways. Myocytes isolated from exendin-4-treated hearts displayed higher Ca2+ transients, higher sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content, and higher l-type Ca2+ current densities than MI hearts. Exendin-4 treatment restored the protein expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake ATPase (SERCA2a), phosphorylated phospholamban (PLB) and Cav1.2 and decreased the levels of phosphorylated ryanodine receptor (RyR). Moreover, the favorable effects of exendin-4 were significantly inhibited by exendin9-39 (a GLP-1 receptor antagonist). Exendin-4 treatment of an HF rat model after MI inhibited cardiac and cardiomyocytes progressive remodeling. In addition, Ca2+ handling and its molecular modulation were also improved by exendin-4 treatment. The beneficial effects of exendin-4 on cardiac remodeling may be mediated through activation of the eNOS/cGMP/PKG pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fangai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shaobo Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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