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Ueno H, Miyamoto T, Morimoto H, Sanada K, Furuno I, Nakazono K, Hasegawa E, Kuma A, Oginosawa Y, Tsuda Y, Araki M, Tamura M, Ueta Y, Otsuji Y, Kataoka M. Effects of bicarbonate/lactate-buffered neutral peritoneal dialysis fluids on angiogenesis-related proteins in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-021-00344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In order to facilitate the safe and long-term delivery of peritoneal dialysis (PD), it is necessary to improve the biocompatibility of peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs). The novel bicarbonate/lactate-buffered neutral PDFs (B/L-PDFs) are expected to be improved biocompatible. This study evaluated the biocompatibility of B/L-PDFs by analysis on the profile of angiogenesis-related proteins in drained dialysate of patients undergoing PD.
Methods
Concentrations of 20 angiogenesis-related proteins in the dialysate were semi-quantitatively determined using a RayBio® Human Angiogenesis Antibody Array and were compared between B/L-PDFs and conventional lactate-buffered neutral PDFs (L-PDFs).
Results
The expression of growth-related oncogene (GRO α/β/γ), which belongs to the CXC chemokine family, decreased significantly after use of the B/L-PDFs compared to the L-PDFs (P = 0.03). The number of the proteins with lower level in the B/L-PDFs compared with L-PDFs was significantly negatively correlated with the PD duration (Spearman ρ = − 0.81, P = 0.004).
Conclusion
This study suggested that B/L-PDFs are more biocompatible than conventional PDFs.
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Yang R, Yao L, Du C, Wu Y. Identification of key pathways and core genes involved in atherosclerotic plaque progression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:267. [PMID: 33708894 PMCID: PMC7940950 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis leads to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to atherosclerotic plaque rupture are incompletely characterized. We aimed to identify the genes related to atherosclerotic plaque progression that could serve as novel biomarkers and interventional targets for plaque progression. Methods The datasets of GSE28829 in early vs. advanced atherosclerotic plaques and those of GSE41571 in stable vs. ruptured plaques from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were analyzed by using bioinformatics methods. In addition, we used quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to verify the expression level of core genes in a mouse atherosclerosis model. Results There were 29 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the GSE28829 and GSE41571 datasets, and the DEGs were mainly enriched in the chemokine signaling pathway and the Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway (P<0.05). We identified 6 core genes (FPR3, CCL18, MS4A4A, CXCR4, CXCL2, and C1QB) in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, 3 of which (CXCR4, CXCL2, and CCL18) were markedly enriched in the chemokine signaling pathway. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the messenger RNA levels of two core genes (CXCR4 and CXCL2) increased significantly during plaque progression in the mouse atherosclerosis model. Conclusions In summary, bioinformatics techniques proved useful for the screening and identification of novel biomarkers of disease. A total of 29 DEGs and 6 core genes were linked to atherosclerotic plaque progression, in particular the CXCR4 and CXCL2 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linpeng Yao
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengli Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihe Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Kirabo A, Ryzhov S, Gupte M, Sengsayadeth S, Gumina RJ, Sawyer DB, Galindo CL. Neuregulin-1β induces proliferation, survival and paracrine signaling in normal human cardiac ventricular fibroblasts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 105:59-69. [PMID: 28263756 PMCID: PMC5715731 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Neuregulin-1β (NRG-1β) is critical for cardiac development and repair, and recombinant forms are currently being assessed as possible therapeutics for systolic heart failure. We previously demonstrated that recombinant NRG-1β reduces cardiac fibrosis in an animal model of cardiac remodeling and heart failure, suggesting that there may be direct effects on cardiac fibroblasts. Here we show that NRG-1β receptors (ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4) are expressed in normal human cardiac ventricular (NHCV) fibroblast cell lines. Treatment of NHCV fibroblasts with recombinant NRG-1β induced activation of the AKT pathway, which was phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent. Moreover, the NRG-1β-induced PI3K/AKT signaling in these cells required phosphorylation of both ErbB2 and ErbB3 receptors at tyrosine (Tyr)1248 and Tyr1289 respectively. RNASeq analysis of NRG-1β-treated cardiac fibroblasts obtained from three different individuals revealed a global gene expression signature consistent with cell growth and survival. We confirmed enhanced cellular proliferation and viability in NHCV fibroblasts in response to NRG-1β, which was abrogated by PI3K, ErbB2, and ErbB3 inhibitors. NRG-1β also induced production and secretion of cytokines (interleukin-1α and interferon-γ) and pro-reparative factors (angiopoietin-2, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and crypto-1), suggesting a role in cardiac repair through the activation of paracrine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annet Kirabo
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Sergey Ryzhov
- Maine Medical Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME 04074, United States.
| | - Manisha Gupte
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Seng Sengsayadeth
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Richard J Gumina
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
| | - Douglas B Sawyer
- Maine Medical Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME 04074, United States.
| | - Cristi L Galindo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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Vanhoutte PM, Shimokawa H, Feletou M, Tang EHC. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease - a 30th anniversary update. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2017; 219:22-96. [PMID: 26706498 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium can evoke relaxations of the underlying vascular smooth muscle, by releasing vasodilator substances. The best-characterized endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is nitric oxide (NO) which activates soluble guanylyl cyclase in the vascular smooth muscle cells, with the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) initiating relaxation. The endothelial cells also evoke hyperpolarization of the cell membrane of vascular smooth muscle (endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, EDH-mediated responses). As regards the latter, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) now appears to play a dominant role. Endothelium-dependent relaxations involve both pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi (e.g. responses to α2 -adrenergic agonists, serotonin, and thrombin) and pertussis toxin-insensitive Gq (e.g. adenosine diphosphate and bradykinin) coupling proteins. New stimulators (e.g. insulin, adiponectin) of the release of EDRFs have emerged. In recent years, evidence has also accumulated, confirming that the release of NO by the endothelial cell can chronically be upregulated (e.g. by oestrogens, exercise and dietary factors) and downregulated (e.g. oxidative stress, smoking, pollution and oxidized low-density lipoproteins) and that it is reduced with ageing and in the course of vascular disease (e.g. diabetes and hypertension). Arteries covered with regenerated endothelium (e.g. following angioplasty) selectively lose the pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway for NO release which favours vasospasm, thrombosis, penetration of macrophages, cellular growth and the inflammatory reaction leading to atherosclerosis. In addition to the release of NO (and EDH, in particular those due to H2 O2 ), endothelial cells also can evoke contraction of the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells by releasing endothelium-derived contracting factors. Recent evidence confirms that most endothelium-dependent acute increases in contractile force are due to the formation of vasoconstrictor prostanoids (endoperoxides and prostacyclin) which activate TP receptors of the vascular smooth muscle cells and that prostacyclin plays a key role in such responses. Endothelium-dependent contractions are exacerbated when the production of nitric oxide is impaired (e.g. by oxidative stress, ageing, spontaneous hypertension and diabetes). They contribute to the blunting of endothelium-dependent vasodilatations in aged subjects and essential hypertensive and diabetic patients. In addition, recent data confirm that the release of endothelin-1 can contribute to endothelial dysfunction and that the peptide appears to be an important contributor to vascular dysfunction. Finally, it has become clear that nitric oxide itself, under certain conditions (e.g. hypoxia), can cause biased activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase leading to the production of cyclic inosine monophosphate (cIMP) rather than cGMP and hence causes contraction rather than relaxation of the underlying vascular smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Vanhoutte
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
| | - H. Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - M. Feletou
- Department of Cardiovascular Research; Institut de Recherches Servier; Suresnes France
| | - E. H. C. Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong City Hong Kong
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Nemska S, Monassier L, Gassmann M, Frossard N, Tavakoli R. Kinetic mRNA Profiling in a Rat Model of Left-Ventricular Hypertrophy Reveals Early Expression of Chemokines and Their Receptors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161273. [PMID: 27525724 PMCID: PMC4985150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Left-ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), a risk factor for heart failure and death, is characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial cell proliferation, and leukocyte infiltration. Chemokines interacting with G protein-coupled chemokine receptors may play a role in LVH development by promoting recruitment of activated leukocytes or modulating left-ventricular remodeling. Using a pressure overload-induced kinetic model of LVH in rats, we examined during 14 days the expression over time of chemokine and chemokine receptor mRNAs in left ventricles from aortic-banded vs sham-operated animals. Two phases were clearly distinguished: an inflammatory phase (D3-D5) with overexpression of inflammatory genes such as il-1ß, tnfa, nlrp3, and the rela subunit of nf-kb, and a hypertrophic phase (D7-D14) where anp overexpression was accompanied by a heart weight/body weight ratio that increased by more than 20% at D14. No cardiac dysfunction was detectable by echocardiography at the latter time point. Of the 36 chemokines and 20 chemokine receptors analyzed by a Taqman Low Density Array panel, we identified at D3 (the early inflammatory phase) overexpression of mRNAs for the monocyte chemotactic proteins CCL2 (12-fold increase), CCL7 (7-fold increase), and CCL12 (3-fold increase), for the macrophage inflammatory proteins CCL3 (4-fold increase), CCL4 (2-fold increase), and CCL9 (2-fold increase), for their receptors CCR2 (4-fold increase), CCR1 (3-fold increase), and CCR5 (3-fold increase), and for CXCL1 (8-fold increase) and CXCL16 (2-fold increase). During the hypertrophic phase mRNA expression of chemokines and receptors returned to the baseline levels observed at D0. Hence, this first exhaustive study of chemokine and chemokine receptor mRNA expression kinetics reports early expression of monocyte/macrophage-related chemokines and their receptors during the development of LVH in rats, followed by regulation of inflammation as LVH progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Nemska
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200, Université de Strasbourg—CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Monassier
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Cardiovasculaire EA7296, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nelly Frossard
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200, Université de Strasbourg—CNRS, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail: (RT); (NF)
| | - Reza Tavakoli
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Zurich Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Canton Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (RT); (NF)
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Martorell S, Hueso L, Gonzalez-Navarro H, Collado A, Sanz MJ, Piqueras L. Vitamin D Receptor Activation Reduces Angiotensin-II-Induced Dissecting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1587-97. [PMID: 27283745 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the aortic wall. Low concentrations of vitamin D3 are associated with AAA development; however, the potential direct effect of vitamin D3 on AAA remains unknown. This study evaluates the effect of oral treatment with the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) ligand, calcitriol, on dissecting AAA induced by angiotensin-II (Ang-II) infusion in apoE(-/-) mice. APPROACH AND RESULTS Oral treatment with calcitriol reduced Ang-II-induced dissecting AAA formation in apoE(-/-) mice, which was unrelated to systolic blood pressure or plasma cholesterol concentrations. Immunohistochemistry and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated a significant increase in macrophage infiltration, neovessel formation, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9, chemokine (CCL2 [(C-C motif) ligand 2], CCL5 [(C-C motif) ligand 5], and CXCL1 [(C-X-C motif) ligand 1]) and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in suprarenal aortic walls of apoE(-/-) mice infused with Ang-II, and all were significantly reduced by cotreatment with calcitriol. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB was also decreased in the suprarenal aortas of apoE(-/-) mice cotreated with calcitriol. These effects were accompanied by a marked increase in VDR-retinoid X receptor (RXR) interaction in the aortas of calcitriol-treated mice. In vitro, VDR activation by calcitriol in human endothelial cells inhibited Ang-II-induced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, morphogenesis, and production of endothelial proinflammatory and angiogenic chemokines through VDR-RXR interactions, and knockdown of VDR or RXR abolished the inhibitory effects of calcitriol. CONCLUSIONS VDR activation reduces dissecting AAA formation induced by Ang-II in apoE(-/-) mice and may constitute a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent AAA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martorell
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.)
| | - Luisa Hueso
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.)
| | - Herminia Gonzalez-Navarro
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.)
| | - Aida Collado
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.)
| | - Maria-Jesus Sanz
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.).
| | - Laura Piqueras
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.).
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Aronson PJ, Zhang J. Palmar plantar pustulosis responding to high-dose folic acid plus vitamins B6 and B12. JAAD Case Rep 2016; 2:19-21. [PMID: 27051817 PMCID: PMC4809447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Kobayashi H, Reid G, Hadfield M. Effects of vaginal delivery, cesarean section and exposure to labor on endothelial function of pregnant women. Thromb Res 2014; 134:1004-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Scully OJ, Chua PJ, Harve KS, Bay BH, Yip GW. Serglycin in Health and Diseases. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 295:1415-20. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Sanz MJ, Albertos F, Otero E, Juez M, Morcillo EJ, Piqueras L. Retinoid X Receptor Agonists Impair Arterial Mononuclear Cell Recruitment through Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:411-24. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yang Q, Xue HM, Wong WT, Tian XY, Huang Y, Tsui SKW, Ng PK, Wohlfart P, Li H, Xia N, Tobias S, Underwood MJ, He GW. AVE3085, an enhancer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, restores endothelial function and reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 163:1078-85. [PMID: 21385179 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in endothelial function, and impaired NO production is involved in hypertension. Therefore, compounds that regulate endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) may be of therapeutic benefit. A novel, low molecular weight compound AVE3085 is a recently developed compound with the ability to enhance eNOS transcription. The present study investigated the effects of AVE3085 in endothelial dysfunction associated with hypertension. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were treated with AVE 3085 (10 mg·kg·day(-1) , orally) for 4 weeks. Isometric force measurement was performed on rings of isolated aortae in organ baths. Protein expression of eNOS, phosphorylated-eNOS and nitrotyrosine in the aortae were examined by Western blotting. mRNA for eNOS in rat aortae were examined by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). KEY RESULTS AVE3085 greatly improved endothelium-dependent relaxations in the aortae of SHRs. This functional change was accompanied by up-regulated expression of eNOS protein and mRNA, enhanced eNOS phosphorylation and decreased formation of nitrotyrosine. Furthermore, AVE3085 treatment reduced the blood pressure in SHR without affecting that of hypertensive eNOS(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The eNOS-transcription enhancer AVE3085 restored impaired endothelial function in a hypertensive model. The present study provides a solid basis for the potential development of eNOS-targeting drugs to restore down-regulated eNOS, as a new strategy in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Lau FH, Deo RC, Mowrer G, Caplin J, Ahfeldt T, Kaplan A, Ptaszek L, Walker JD, Rosengard BR, Cowan CA. Pattern specification and immune response transcriptional signatures of pericardial and subcutaneous adipose tissue. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26092. [PMID: 22022522 PMCID: PMC3191160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Recent studies suggest that pericardial adipose tissue (PCAT) secretes inflammatory factors that contribute to the development of CVD. To better characterize the role of PCAT in the pathogenesis of disease, we performed a large-scale unbiased analysis of the transcriptional differences between PCAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue, analysing 53 microarrays across 19 individuals. As it was unknown whether PCAT-secreted factors are produced by adipocytes or cells in the supporting stromal fraction, we also sought to identify differentially expressed genes in isolated pericardial adipocytes vs. isolated subcutaneous adipocytes. Using microarray analysis, we found that: 1) pericardial adipose tissue and isolated pericardial adipocytes both overexpress atherosclerosis-promoting chemokines and 2) pericardial and subcutaneous fat depots, as well as isolated pericardial adipocytes and subcutaneous adipocytes, express specific patterns of homeobox genes. In contrast, a core set of lipid processing genes showed no significant overlap with differentially expressed transcripts. These depot-specific homeobox signatures and transcriptional profiles strongly suggest different functional roles for the pericardial and subcutaneous adipose depots. Further characterization of these inter-depot differences should be a research priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank H. Lau
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rahul C. Deo
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gregory Mowrer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joshua Caplin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tim Ahfeldt
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Adam Kaplan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Leon Ptaszek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer D. Walker
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bruce R. Rosengard
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Chad A. Cowan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Castillo L, Rohatgi A, Ayers CR, Owens AW, Das SR, Khera A, McGuire DK, de Lemos JA. Associations of four circulating chemokines with multiple atherosclerosis phenotypes in a large population-based sample: results from the dallas heart study. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2010; 30:339-47. [PMID: 20187767 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2009.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific chemokines contribute to vascular inflammation and may be useful biomarkers to detect atherosclerosis. The chemokines CXCL1 and CCL11 have previously been studied in animal or human models of atherosclerosis, while CXCL2 and CCL23 have not. Among 2,454 subjects enrolled in the Dallas Heart Study, a multi-ethnic population-based sample, we measured plasma CCL11, CCL23, CXCL1, and CXCL2, and associated levels with coronary artery calcium (CAC) by computed tomography, and aortic wall thickness, plaque burden, and compliance by magnetic resonance imaging. Elevated chemokine levels were defined as greater than or equal to the median for CCL11 and CCL23 and greater than or equal to the upper detection limit for CXCL1 and CXCL2. Elevated CCL23 (P < 0.01) and CXCL1 (P = 0.01), but not CCL11 and CXCL2, associated with CAC in univariable analyses. After adjustment for traditional risk factors, elevated CCL23 remained associated with CAC (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.7; P = 0.02), while the association with CXCL1 was modestly attenuated (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0-2.1; P = 0.06). CCL23 also associated with aortic wall thickness, plaque, and compliance in univariable analyses (P < 0.05 for each), but these associations were attenuated after multivariable adjustment. The novel chemotactic protein, CCL23, which has not been previously studied in atherosclerosis, is independently associated with coronary atherosclerosis, suggesting that this chemokine merits further study in animal and human models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Castillo
- Donald W. Reynolds Cardiovascular Research Center and Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas, USA
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Kubota N, Miyauchi K, Kasai T, Iesaki T, Kajimoto K, Sumiyoshi K, Dohi T, Daida H. Synergistic effects of calcium-channel and angiotensin-receptor blockers on endothelial function and inflammatory responses in a porcine drug-eluting stent model. Circ J 2010; 74:1704-10. [PMID: 20595778 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rate of stent thrombosis is increased in association with drug-eluting stents (DES) due to delayed endothelialization and prolonged inflammation. Clinical studies have shown that either an angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) or a calcium-channel blocker (CCB) can improve endothelial dysfunction and inhibit inflammatory reactions in patients with hypertension. The effects of co-administered CCB and ARB on vascular protection after DES implantation, however, remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Pigs (n=24) were implanted with coronary stents and randomly assigned to control, CCB, ARB or CCB + ARB groups. Endothelium-mediated vasodilation at the distal edge was significantly impaired compared to the intact site in the control group (P<0.05), but the difference between two sites in the CCB + ARB group was not significant. The combination produced a synergistic effect at the distal edge compared to the ARB, CCB and control groups (P<0.05). The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and inflammatory cell adhesion were significantly inhibited in the CCB or ARB monotherapy groups compared with the control (P<0.05). The combination of CCB + ARB also improved inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Implanted DES exert adverse effects such as endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory reactions. The administration of either a CCB or an ARB reversed this adverse effect. Furthermore, recovery was synergistically enhanced by a CCB combined with an ARB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naozumi Kubota
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
The endothelium can evoke relaxations (dilatations) of the underlying vascular smooth muscle, by releasing vasodilator substances. The best characterized endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is nitric oxide (NO). The endothelial cells also evoke hyperpolarization of the cell membrane of vascular smooth muscle (endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations, EDHF-mediated responses). Endothelium-dependent relaxations involve both pertussis toxin-sensitive G(i) (e.g. responses to serotonin and thrombin) and pertussis toxin-insensitive G(q) (e.g. adenosine diphosphate and bradykinin) coupling proteins. The release of NO by the endothelial cell can be up-regulated (e.g. by oestrogens, exercise and dietary factors) and down-regulated (e.g. oxidative stress, smoking and oxidized low-density lipoproteins). It is reduced in the course of vascular disease (e.g. diabetes and hypertension). Arteries covered with regenerated endothelium (e.g. following angioplasty) selectively loose the pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway for NO release which favours vasospasm, thrombosis, penetration of macrophages, cellular growth and the inflammatory reaction leading to atherosclerosis. In addition to the release of NO (and causing endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizations), endothelial cells also can evoke contraction (constriction) of the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells by releasing endothelium-derived contracting factor (EDCF). Most endothelium-dependent acute increases in contractile force are due to the formation of vasoconstrictor prostanoids (endoperoxides and prostacyclin) which activate TP receptors of the vascular smooth muscle cells. EDCF-mediated responses are exacerbated when the production of NO is impaired (e.g. by oxidative stress, ageing, spontaneous hypertension and diabetes). They contribute to the blunting of endothelium-dependent vasodilatations in aged subjects and essential hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Lucas R. Recent advances on the role of the endothelium in pulmonary function and disease. Vascul Pharmacol 2008; 49:111-2. [PMID: 18692157 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.
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