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Odimba U, Senthilselvan A, Farrell J, Gao Z. Identification of Sex-Specific Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Asthma in Middle-Aged and Older Canadian Adults: An Analysis of CLSA Data. J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:553-566. [PMID: 37197194 PMCID: PMC10184860 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s404670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Asthma is a chronic heterogeneous respiratory disease resulting from a complex interplay between genetic variations and environmental exposures. There are sex disparities in the prevalence and severity of asthma in males and females. Asthma prevalence is higher in males during childhood but increases in females in adulthood. The mechanisms underlying these sex differences are not well understood; nevertheless, genetic variations, hormonal changes, and environmental influences are thought to play important roles. This study aimed to identify sex-specific genetic variants associated with asthma using CLSA genomic and questionnaire data. Methods First, we conducted a genome-wide SNP-by-sex interaction analysis on 23,323 individuals, examining 416,562 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after quality control, followed by sex-stratified survey logistic regression of SNPs with interaction p-value less than 10¯5. Results Out of the 49 SNPs with interaction p-value less than 10-5, a sex-stratified survey logistic regression showed that five male-specific SNPs (rs6701638, rs17071077, rs254804, rs6013213, and rs2968822) in/near KIF26B, NMBR, PEPD, RTN4, and NFATC2 loci, and three female-specific SNPs (rs2968801, rs2864052, and rs9525931) in/near RTN4, and SERP2 loci were significantly associated with asthma after Bonferroni correction. An SNP (rs36213) in the EPHB1 gene was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma in males [OR=1.35, 95% CI (1.14, 1.60)] but with a reduced risk of asthma in females [OR=0.84, 95% CI (0.76, 0.92)] after Bonferroni correction. Conclusion We discovered novel sex-specific genetic markers in/near the KIF26B, RTN4, EPHB1, NMBR, SERP2, PEPD, and NFATC2 genes that could potentially shed light on the sex differences in asthma susceptibility in males and females. Future mechanistic studies are required to understand better the underlying sex-related pathways of the identified loci in asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugochukwu Odimba
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | | | - Jamie Farrell
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Centre (Respirology Department), Memorial University, St John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
- Correspondence: Zhiwei Gao, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3V6, Canada, Tel +17098646523, Email
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Wilkie G, Skaritanov E, Tobin M, Essa A, Gubala A, Ferraro L, Kovell LC. Hypertension in Women: Impact of Contraception, Fertility, and Hormone Treatment. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-022-00705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Expression of cardiovascular-related microRNAs is altered in L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficient mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5108. [PMID: 35332188 PMCID: PMC8948300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08846-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans and mice, L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) and its metabolites homoarginine (hArg) and creatine have been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), specifically myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF). The underlying molecular and regulatory mechanisms, however, remain unclear. To identify potential pathways of cardiac AGAT metabolism, we sequenced microRNA (miRNA) in left ventricles of wild-type (wt) compared to AGAT-deficient (AGAT-/-) mice. Using literature search and validation by qPCR, we identified eight significantly regulated miRNAs in AGAT-/- mice linked to atherosclerosis, MI and HF: miR-30b, miR-31, miR-130a, miR-135a, miR-148a, miR-204, miR-298, and let-7i. Analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data confirmed deregulation of these miRNAs in mouse models of MI and HF. Quantification of miRNA expression by qPCR in AGAT-/- mice supplemented with creatine or hArg revealed that miR-30b, miR-31, miR-130a, miR-148a, and miR-204 were regulated by creatine, while miR-135a and miR-298 showed a trend of regulation by hArg. Finally, bioinformatics-based target prediction showed that numerous AGAT-dependent genes previously linked to CVD are likely to be regulated by the identified miRNAs. Taken together, AGAT deficiency and hArg/creatine supplementation are associated with cardiac miRNA expression which may influence cardiac (dys)function and CVD.
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4
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Nunes KP, Webb RC. New insights into RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling: a key regulator of vascular contraction. Small GTPases 2020; 12:458-469. [PMID: 32970516 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2020.1822721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
While Rho-signalling controlling vascular contraction is a canonical mechanism, with the modern approaches used in research, we are advancing our understanding and details into this pathway are often uncovered. RhoA-mediated Rho-kinase is the major regulator of vascular smooth muscle cells and a key player manoeuvring other functions in these cells. The discovery of new interactions, such as oxidative stress and hydrogen sulphide with Rho signalling are emerging addition not only in the physiology of the smooth muscle, but especially in the pathophysiology of vascular diseases. Likewise, the interplay between ageing and Rho-kinase in the vasculature has been recently considered. Importantly, in smooth muscle contraction, this pathway may also be affected by sex hormones, and consequently, sex-differences. This review provides an overview of Rho signalling mediating vascular contraction and focuses on recent topics discussed in the literature affecting this pathway such as ageing, sex differences and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenia Pedrosa Nunes
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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5
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Li S, Zhai J, Xu B, Liu J, Chu W, Wang D, Geng X, Chen ZJ, Du Y. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A7 restrains estrogen negative feedback of luteinizing hormone via ephrin A5 in the hypothalamus of female rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E81-E90. [PMID: 32396496 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00046.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that systemic injection of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A7 (EPHA7)-Fc raises serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels before ovulation in female rats, indicating the induction of EPHA7 in ovulation. In this study, we aimed to identify the mechanism and hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis level underlying the promotion of LH secretion by EPHA7. Using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, in conjunction with low-dose 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment, we investigated the association between EPHA7-ephrin (EFN)A5 signaling and E2 negative feedback. Various rat models (OVX, E2-treated OVX, and abarelix treated) were injected with the recombinant EPHA7-Fc protein through the caudal vein to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the promotion of LH secretion by EPHA7. Efna5 was observed strongly expressed in the arcuate nucleus of the female rat by using RNAscope in situ hybridization. Our results indicated that E2, combined with estrogen receptor (ER)α, but not ERβ, inhibited Efna5 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (Gnrh1) expressions in the hypothalamus. In addition, the systemic administration of EPHA7-Fc restrained the inhibition of Efna5 and Gnrh1 by E2, resulting in increased Efna5 and Gnrh1 expressions in the hypothalamus as well as increased serum LH levels. Collectively, our findings demonstrated the involvement of EPHA7-EFNA5 signaling in the regulation of LH and the E2 negative feedback pathway in the hypothalamus, highlighting the functional role of EPHA7 in female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyu Zhai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiansheng Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Chu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongshuang Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Geng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanzhi Du
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
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6
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EPHA4 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell contractility and is a sex-specific hypertension risk gene in individuals with type 2 diabetes. J Hypertens 2020; 37:775-789. [PMID: 30817459 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of genetic variants of EPHA4, a receptor tyrosine kinase, with hypertension, and its role in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contractility. METHODS Data from two human genetic studies, ADVANCE and HCHS/SOL, were analyzed for association of EPHA4 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) with hypertension risks. The effect of EPHA4 signalling on mouse VSMC contractility was assessed. RESULTS We identified a SNV (rs75843691 hg19 chr2:g.222395371 C>G), located in the third intron of EPHA4 gene, being significantly associated with hypertension in human female patients (P value = 8.3 × 10, below the Bonferroni-corrected critical P value) but not male patients with type 2 diabetes from the ADVANCE clinical trial. We found that EPHA4 was expressed in VSMCs and its stimulation by anti-EPHA4 antibody led to reduced VSMC contractility. Estrogen enhanced the contractility-lowering effect of EPHA4 stimulation. Conversely, siRNA knockdown of Epha4 expression in VSMCs resulted in increased contractility of VSMCs from female mice but not from male mice. CONCLUSION EPHA4 appears to be a sex-specific hypertension risk gene in type 2 diabetic patients. Forward EPHA4 signalling reduces VSMC contractility, and estrogen is a modifier of this effect. The effect of EPHA4 on VSMCs contractility explains the association of EPHA4 gene with hypertension risks in female patients.
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7
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Shi W, Ye B, Rame M, Wang Y, Cioca D, Reibel S, Peng J, Qi S, Vitale N, Luo H, Wu J. The receptor tyrosine kinase EPHB6 regulates catecholamine exocytosis in adrenal gland chromaffin cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7653-7668. [PMID: 32321761 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular receptor EPH receptor B6 (EPHB6) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that has been shown previously to control catecholamine synthesis in the adrenal gland chromaffin cells (AGCCs) in a testosterone-dependent fashion. EPHB6 also has a role in regulating blood pressure, but several facets of this regulation remain unclear. Using amperometry recordings, we now found that catecholamine secretion by AGCCs is compromised in the absence of EPHB6. AGCCs from male knockout (KO) mice displayed reduced cortical F-actin disassembly, accompanied by decreased catecholamine secretion through exocytosis. This phenotype was not observed in AGCCs from female KO mice, suggesting that testosterone, but not estrogen, contributes to this phenotype. Of note, reverse signaling from EPHB6 to ephrin B1 (EFNB1) and a 7-amino acid-long segment in the EFNB1 intracellular tail were essential for the regulation of catecholamine secretion. Further downstream, the Ras homolog family member A (RHOA) and FYN proto-oncogene Src family tyrosine kinase (FYN)-proto-oncogene c-ABL-microtubule-associated monooxygenase calponin and LIM domain containing 1 (MICAL-1) pathways mediated the signaling from EFNB1 to the defective F-actin disassembly. We discuss the implications of EPHB6's effect on catecholamine exocytosis and secretion for blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bei Ye
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Marion Rame
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR-3212 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yujia Wang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | - Junzheng Peng
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shijie Qi
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR-3212 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hongyu Luo
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jiangping Wu
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada .,Nephrology Department, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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8
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Fardoun M, Dehaini H, Shaito A, Mesmar J, El-Yazbi A, Badran A, Beydoun E, Eid AH. The hypertensive potential of estrogen: An untold story. Vascul Pharmacol 2019; 124:106600. [PMID: 31629918 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2019.106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The implication of estrogen in this disease has been extensively studied. While the vast majority of published research argue for a cardioprotective role of estrogen in vascular inflammation such as in atherosclerosis, the role of estrogen in hypertension remains far from being resolved. The vasorelaxant effect of estrogen has already been well-established. However, emerging evidence supports a vasoconstrictive potential of this hormone. It has been proposed that the microenvironment dictates the effect of estrogen-induced type 1 nitric oxide synthase-1 (nNOS) on vasotone. Indeed, depending on nNOS product, nitric oxide or superoxide, estrogen can induce vasodilation or vasoconstriction, respectively. In this review, we discuss the evidence supporting the vasorelaxant effects of estrogen, and the molecular players involved. Furthermore, we shed light on recent reports revealing a vasoconstrictive role of estrogen, and speculate on the underlying signaling pathways. In addition, we identify certain factors that can account for the discrepant estrogenic effects. This review emphasizes a yin-yang role of estrogen in regulating blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Fardoun
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Dehaini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdallah Shaito
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, 1105 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joelle Mesmar
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Adnan Badran
- Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Elias Beydoun
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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9
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Shi W, Wang Y, Peng J, Qi S, Vitale N, Kaneda N, Murata T, Luo H, Wu J. EPHB6 controls catecholamine biosynthesis by up-regulating tyrosine hydroxylase transcription in adrenal gland chromaffin cells. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:6871-6887. [PMID: 30824540 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
EPHB6 is a member of the erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular kinase (EPH) family and a receptor tyrosine kinase with a dead kinase domain. It is involved in blood pressure regulation and adrenal gland catecholamine (CAT) secretion, but several facets of EPHB6-mediated CAT regulation are unclear. In this study, using biochemical, quantitative RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and gene microarray assays, we found that EPHB6 up-regulates CAT biosynthesis in adrenal gland chromaffin cells (AGCCs). We observed that epinephrine content is reduced in the AGCCs from male Ephb6-KO mice, caused by decreased expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in CAT biosynthesis. We demonstrate that the signaling pathway from EPHB6 to tyrosine hydroxylase expression in AGCCs involves Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1), MAP kinase kinase 7 (MKK7), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), proto-oncogene c-Jun, activator protein 1 (AP1), and early growth response 1 (EGR1). On the other hand, signaling via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and ELK1, ETS transcription factor (ELK1) was not affected by EPHB6 deletion. We further report that EPHB6's effect on AGCCs was via reverse signaling through ephrin B1 and that EPHB6 acted in concert with the nongenomic effect of testosterone to control CAT biosynthesis. Our findings elucidate the mechanisms by which EPHB6 modulates CAT biosynthesis and identify potential therapeutic targets for diseases, such as hypertension, caused by dysfunctional CAT biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- From the Research Centre and
| | - Yujia Wang
- From the Research Centre and.,the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | | | | | - Nicolas Vitale
- the Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, UPR-3212, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France, and
| | - Norio Kaneda
- the Department of Analytical Neurobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 4688503, Japan
| | - Tomiyasu Murata
- the Department of Analytical Neurobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 4688503, Japan
| | | | - Jiangping Wu
- From the Research Centre and .,Nephrology Department, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
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10
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Wu T, Zhang BQ, Raelson J, Yao YM, Wu HD, Xu ZX, Marois-Blanchet FC, Tahir MR, Wang Y, Bradley WE, Luo H, Wu J, Sheng JZ, Hu SJ. Analysis of the association of EPHB6, EFNB1 and EFNB3 variants with hypertension risks in males with hypogonadism. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14497. [PMID: 30262919 PMCID: PMC6160468 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several members of the EPH kinase family and their ligands are involved in blood pressure regulation, and such regulation is often sex- or sex hormone-dependent, based on animal and human genetic studies. EPHB6 gene knockout (KO) in mice leads to hypertension in castrated males but not in un-manipulated KO males or females. To assess whether this finding in mice is relevant to human hypertension, we conducted a human genetic study for the association of EPHB6 and its two ligands, EFNB1 and EFNB3, with hypertension in hypogonadic patients. Seven hundred and fifty hypertensive and 750 normotensive Han Chinese patients, all of whom were hypogonadic, were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the regions of the genes, plus an additional 50 kb 5′ of the genes for EPHB6, EFNB1 and EFNB3. An imputed insertion/deletion polymorphism, rs35530071, was found to be associated with hypertension at p-values below the Bonferroni-corrected significance level of 0.0024. This marker is located 5′ upstream of the EFNB3 gene start site. Previous animal studies showed that while male EFNB3 gene knockout mice were normotensive, castration of these mice resulted in hypertension, corroborating the results of the human genetic study. Considering the significant associations of EFNB3 SNPs with hypertension in hypogonadic males and supporting evidence from castrated EFNB3 KO mice, we conclude that loss-of-function variants of molecules in the EPHB6 signaling pathway in the presence of testosterone are protective against hypertension in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- Institute of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Bi-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - John Raelson
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Yu-Mei Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, China
| | - Huan-Dong Wu
- Institute of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zao-Xian Xu
- Institute of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | | | - Muhammad Ramzan Tahir
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Yujia Wang
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Children's Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - W Edward Bradley
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Hongyu Luo
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jiangping Wu
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada. .,Nephrology Service, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Jian-Zhong Sheng
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310005, China.
| | - Shen-Jiang Hu
- Institute of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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11
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Finney AC, Orr AW. Guidance Molecules in Vascular Smooth Muscle. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1311. [PMID: 30283356 PMCID: PMC6157320 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several highly conserved families of guidance molecules, including ephrins, Semaphorins, Netrins, and Slits, play conserved and distinct roles in tissue remodeling during tissue patterning and disease pathogenesis. Primarily, these guidance molecules function as either secreted or surface-bound ligands that interact with their receptors to activate a variety of downstream effects, including cell contractility, migration, adhesion, proliferation, and inflammation. Vascular smooth muscle cells, contractile cells comprising the medial layer of the vessel wall and deriving from the mural population, regulate vascular tone and blood pressure. While capillaries lack a medial layer of vascular smooth muscle, mural-derived pericytes contribute similarly to capillary tone to regulate blood flow in various tissues. Furthermore, pericyte coverage is critical in vascular development, as perturbations disrupt vascular permeability and viability. During cardiovascular disease, smooth muscle cells play a more dynamic role in which suppression of contractile markers, enhanced proliferation, and migration lead to the progression of aberrant vascular remodeling. Since many types of guidance molecules are expressed in vascular smooth muscle and pericytes, these may contribute to blood vessel formation and aberrant remodeling during vascular disease. While vascular development is a large focus of the existing literature, studies emerged to address post-developmental roles for guidance molecules in pathology and are of interest as novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we will discuss the roles of guidance molecules in vascular smooth muscle and pericyte function in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Christine Finney
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Anthony Wayne Orr
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Translational Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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12
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Wang Y, Shi W, Blanchette A, Peng J, Qi S, Luo H, Ledoux J, Wu J. EPHB6 and testosterone in concert regulate epinephrine release by adrenal gland chromaffin cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:842. [PMID: 29339804 PMCID: PMC5770418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular receptor (EPH) B6 (EPHB6) is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. We previously demonstrated that EPHB6 knockout reduces catecholamine secretion in male but not female mice, and castration reverses this phenotype. We showed here that male EPHB6 knockout adrenal gland chromaffin cells presented reduced acetylcholine-triggered Ca2+ influx. Such reduction depended on the non-genomic effect of testosterone. Increased large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel current densities were recorded in adrenal gland chromaffin cells from male EPHB6 knockout mice but not from castrated knockout or female knockout mice. Blocking of the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel in adrenal gland chromaffin cells from male knockout mice corrected their reduced Ca2+ influx. We conclude that the absence of EPHB6 and the presence of testosterone would lead to augmented large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel currents, which limit voltage-gated calcium channel opening in adrenal gland chromaffin cells. Consequently, acetylcholine-triggered Ca2+ influx is reduced, leading to lower catecholamine release in adrenal gland chromaffin cells from male knockout mice. This explains the reduced resting-state blood catecholamine levels, and hence the blood pressure, in male but not female EPHB6 knock mice. These findings have certain clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wang
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | - Junzheng Peng
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Shijie Qi
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Hongyu Luo
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Jonathan Ledoux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Jiangping Wu
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada.
- Nephrology Department, CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, H2L 4M1, Canada.
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13
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Kim M, Yoo HJ, Kim M, Kim J, Baek SH, Song M, Lee JH. EPHA6 rs4857055 C > T polymorphism associates with hypertension through triglyceride and LDL particle size in the Korean population. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:230. [PMID: 29208002 PMCID: PMC5718072 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular (Eph) receptors might contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. A genome-wide association study indicated that the Eph receptor A6 gene (EPHA6) associated with at least 1 blood pressure (BP) phenotype. The objective of the present study was to determine whether EPHA6 is a novel candidate gene for hypertension in a Korean population. METHODS A total 2146 study participants with normotension and hypertension were included. Genotype data were obtained using a Korean Chip. To assess the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and BP, we performed a linear regression analysis, which showed that rs4850755 in the EPHA6 gene was the SNP most highly associated with both systolic and diastolic BP. RESULTS The presence of the TT genotype of the EPHA6 rs4857055 C > T SNP was associated with a higher risk of hypertension after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and drinking [odds ratio 1.533, P = 0.001]. In the control group, significant associations were observed between systolic BP and the rs4857055 polymorphism and between diastolic BP and the rs4857055 polymorphism. In the hypertension group, a significant association was observed between systolic BP and the rs4857055 polymorphism. In the hypertension group, subjects with the TT genotype showed significantly higher systolic BP than CC subjects. Additionally, in the hypertension group, TT carriers showed a higher tendency of serum triglyceride (P = 0.069) and significantly higher apolipoprotein B (P = 0.015) and smaller low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size (P < 0.001) than either TC or CC subjects. CONCLUSIONS These results could suggest that the EPHA6 rs4857055 C > T SNP is a novel candidate gene for hypertension in the Korean population. Additionally, the TT genotype could be associated with hypertriglyceridemia and small LDL particle size in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoo Kim
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jiyoo Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.,National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Seung Han Baek
- Institute of Convergence Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Min Song
- Department of Library and Information Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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14
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Quiles JM, Narasimhan M, Mosbruger T, Shanmugam G, Crossman D, Rajasekaran NS. Identification of transcriptome signature for myocardial reductive stress. Redox Biol 2017; 13:568-580. [PMID: 28768233 PMCID: PMC5536881 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nfe2l2/Nrf2) is a master regulator of antioxidant gene transcription. We recently identified that constitutive activation of Nrf2 (CaNrf2) caused reductive stress (RS) in the myocardium. Here we investigate how chronic Nrf2 activation alters myocardial mRNA transcriptome in the hearts of CaNrf2 transgenic (TG-low and TG-high) mice using an unbiased integrated systems approach and next generation RNA sequencing followed by qRT-PCR methods. A total of 246 and 1031 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the heart of TGL and TGH in relation to NTG littermates at ~ 6 months of age. Notably, the expression and validation of the transcripts were gene-dosage dependent and statistically significant. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified enriched biological processes and canonical pathways associated with myocardial RS in the CaNrf2-TG mice. In addition, an overrepresentation of xenobiotic metabolic signaling, glutathione-mediated detoxification, unfolded protein response, and protein ubiquitination was observed. Other, non-canonical signaling pathways identified include: eNOS, integrin-linked kinase, glucocorticoid receptor, PI3/AKT, actin cytoskeleton, cardiac hypertrophy, and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. In conclusion, this mRNA profiling identified a "biosignature" for pro-reductive (TGL) and reductive stress (TGH) that can predict the onset, rate of progression, and clinical outcome of Nrf2-dependent myocardial complications. We anticipate that this global sequencing analysis will illuminate the undesirable effect of chronic Nrf2 signaling leading to RS-mediated pathogenesis besides providing important guidance for the application of Nrf2 activation-based cytoprotective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Quiles
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Madhusudhanan Narasimhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Timothy Mosbruger
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Gobinath Shanmugam
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - David Crossman
- Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Namakkal S Rajasekaran
- Cardiac Aging & Redox Signaling Laboratory, Division of Molecular & Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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15
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Tremblay J, Wang Y, Raelson J, Marois-Blanchet FC, Wu Z, Luo H, Bradley E, Chalmers J, Woodward M, Harrap S, Hamet P, Wu J. Evidence from single nucleotide polymorphism analyses of ADVANCE study demonstrates EFNB3 as a hypertension risk gene. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44114. [PMID: 28272517 PMCID: PMC5341021 DOI: 10.1038/srep44114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
EPH kinases and their ligands, ephrins (EFNs), have vital and diverse biological functions. We recently reported that Efnb3 gene deletion results in hypertension in female but not male mice. These data suggest that EFNB3 regulates blood pressure in a sex- and sex hormone-dependent way. In the present study, we conducted a human genetic study to assess the association of EFNB3 single nucleotide polymorphisms with human hypertension risks, using 3,448 patients with type 2 diabetes from the ADVANCE study (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Peterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation). We have observed significant association between 2 SNPs in the 3′ untranslated region or within the adjacent region just 3′ of the EFNB3 gene with hypertension, corroborating our findings from the mouse model. Thus, our investigation has shown that EFNB3 is a hypertension risk gene in certain individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Tremblay
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Yujia Wang
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - John Raelson
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | - Zenghui Wu
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Hongyu Luo
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Edward Bradley
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - John Chalmers
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of Sydney Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen Harrap
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Pavel Hamet
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jiangping Wu
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
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16
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The role of GRIP1 and ephrin B3 in blood pressure control and vascular smooth muscle cell contractility. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38976. [PMID: 27941904 PMCID: PMC5150233 DOI: 10.1038/srep38976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor B family (EPHB) and their ligands, ephrinBs (EFNBs), are involved in blood pressure regulation in animal models. We selected 528 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the genes of EPHB6, EFNB2, EFNB3 and GRIP1 in the EPH/EFN signalling system to query the International Blood Pressure Consortium dataset. A SNP within the glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 (GRIP1) gene presented a p-value of 0.000389, approaching the critical p-value of 0.000302, for association with diastolic blood pressure of 60,396 individuals. According to echocardiography, we found that Efnb3 gene knockout mice showed enhanced constriction in the carotid arteries. In vitro studies revealed that in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells, siRNA knockdown of GRIP1, which is in the EFNB3 reverse signalling pathway, resulted in increased contractility of these cells. These data suggest that molecules in the EPHB/EFNB signalling pathways, specifically EFNB3 and GRIP1, are involved blood pressure regulation.
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17
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Barton M. Not lost in translation: Emerging clinical importance of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPER. Steroids 2016; 111:37-45. [PMID: 26921679 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
It has been 20years that the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) was cloned as the orphan receptor GPR30 from multiple cellular sources, including vascular endothelial cells. Here, I will provide an overview of estrogen biology and the historical background leading to the discovery of rapid vascular estrogen signaling. I will also review the recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying GPER function, its role in physiology and disease, some of the currently available GPER-targeting drugs approved for clinical use such as SERMs (selective estrogen receptor modulators) and SERDs (selective estrogen receptor downregulators). Many of currently used drugs such as tamoxifen, raloxifene, or faslodex™/fulvestrant were discovered targeting GPER many years after they had been introduced to the clinics for entirely different purposes. This has important implications for the clinical use of these drugs and their modes of action, which I have termed 'reverse translational medicine'. In addition, environmental pollutants known as 'endocrine disruptors' have been found to bind to GPER. This article also discusses recent evidence in these areas as well as opportunities in translational clinical medicine and GPER research, including medical genetics, personalized medicine, prevention, and its theranostic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Barton
- Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
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