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Fan C, Qin K, Iroegbu CD, Xiang K, Gong Y, Guan Q, Wang W, Peng J, Guo J, Wu X, Yang J. Magnesium lithospermate B enhances the potential of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for myocardial repair. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1857-1869. [PMID: 38221772 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that activation of the cell cycle in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) enhances their remuscularization capacity after human cardiac muscle patch transplantation in infarcted mouse hearts. Herein, we sought to identify the effect of magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) on hiPSC-CMs during myocardial repair using a myocardial infarction (MI) mouse model. METHODS In C57BL/6 mice, MI was surgically induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. The mice were randomly divided into five groups ( n = 10 per group); a MI group (treated with phosphate-buffered saline only), a hiPSC-CMs group, a MLB group, a hiPSC-CMs + MLB group, and a Sham operation group. Cardiac function and MLB therapeutic efficacy were evaluated by echocardiography and histochemical staining 4 weeks after surgery. To identify the associated mechanism, nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) signals, cell adhesion ability, generation of reactive oxygen species, and rates of apoptosis were detected in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and hiPSC-CMs. RESULTS After 4 weeks of transplantation, the number of cells that engrafted in the hiPSC-CMs + MLB group was about five times higher than those in the hiPSC-CMs group. Additionally, MLB treatment significantly reduced tohoku hospital pediatrics-1 (THP-1) cell adhesion, ICAM1 expression, NF-κB nuclear translocation, reactive oxygen species production, NF-κB p65 phosphorylation, and cell apoptosis in HUVECs cultured under hypoxia. Similarly, treatment with MLB significantly inhibited the apoptosis of hiPSC-CMs via enhancing signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation and B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) expression, promoting STAT3 nuclear translocation, and downregulating BCL2-Associated X, dual specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2), and cleaved-caspase-3 expression under hypoxia. Furthermore, MLB significantly suppressed the production of malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase and the reduction in glutathione content induced by hypoxia in both HUVECs and hiPSC-CMs in vitro . CONCLUSIONS MLB significantly enhanced the potential of hiPSC-CMs in repairing injured myocardium by improving endothelial cell function via the NF-κB/ICAM1 pathway and inhibiting hiPSC-CMs apoptosis via the DUSP2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Fangsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Kele Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chukwuemeka Daniel Iroegbu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Kun Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yibo Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qing Guan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 41000, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jianjun Guo
- Hunan Fangsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Xun Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 41000, China
| | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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Park TH, Lee HG, Cho SY, Park SU, Jung WS, Park JM, Ko CN, Cho KH, Kwon S, Moon SK. A Comparative Study on the Neuroprotective Effect of Geopung-Chunghyuldan on In Vitro Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and In Vivo Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Models. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040596. [PMID: 37111353 PMCID: PMC10143156 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Geopung-Chunghyuldan (GCD), which is a mixture of Chunghyuldan (CD), Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Notoginseng, and Borneolum Syntheticum, is used to treat ischemic stroke in traditional Korean medicine. This study aimed to investigate the effects of GCD and CD on ischemic brain damage using in vitro and in vivo stroke models, as well as to elucidate the synergistic effects of GCD against ischemic insult. To study the effect of GCD in an in vitro ischemia model, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Cell death after 16 h of OGD exposure was measured using the MTT assay and live/dead cell counting methods. An in vivo ischemia mice model was established through permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). To determine the neuroprotective effect of GCD, it was orally administered immediately and 2 h after pMCAO. The infarct volume was measured through 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining at 24 h after pMCAO. Compared with the control group, GCD treatment significantly reduced OGD-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells; however, CD treatment did not show a significant protective effect. In the pMCAO model, compared with the control group, treatment with GCD and CD significantly and mildly reduced the infarct volume, respectively. Our findings indicate that compared with CD, GCD may allow a more enhanced neuroprotective effect in acute ischemic stroke, indicating a potential synergistic neuroprotective effect. The possibility of GCD as a novel alternative choice for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hoon Park
- Department of Korean Medicine Cardiology and Neurology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Gyul Lee
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Cho
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Uk Park
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Sang Jung
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Park
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Nam Ko
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Ho Cho
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Kwon
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kwan Moon
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Yan LL, Wei XH, Shi QP, Pan CS, Li KY, Zhang B, Wang XG, Zheng B, Wang MX, Yan L, Huang P, Liu J, Fan JY, Li H, Wang CS, Chen M, Han JY. Cardiotonic Pills® protects from myocardial fibrosis caused by in stent restenosis in miniature pigs. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154405. [PMID: 36067659 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stent implantation has been increasingly applied for the treatment of obstructive coronary artery disease, which, albeit effective, often harasses patients by in-stent restenosis (ISR). PURPOSE The present study was to explore the role of compound Chinese medicine Cardiotonic Pills® (CP) in attenuating ISR-evoked myocardial injury and fibrosis. STUDY DESIGN Chinese miniature pigs were used to establish ISR model by implanting obsolete degradable stents into coronary arteries. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed to confirm the success of the model. METHODS CP was given at 0.2 g/kg daily for 30 days after ISR. On day 30 and 60 after stent implantation, the myocardial infarct and myocardial blood flow (MBF) were assessed. Myocardial histology was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. The content of ATP, MPO, and the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅳ were determined by ELISA. Western blot was performed to assess the expression of ATP5D and related signaling proteins, and the mediators of myocardial fibrosis. RESULTS Treatment with CP diminished myocardial infarct size, retained myocardium structure, attenuated myocardial fibrosis, and restored MBF. CP ameliorated energy metabolism disorder, attenuated TGFβ1 up-regulation and reversed its downstream gene expression, such as Smad6 and Smad7, and inhibited the increased expression of MCP-1, PR S19, MMP-2 and MMP-9. CONCLUSION CP effectively protects myocardial structure and function from ISR challenge, possibly by regulating energy metabolism via inactivation of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and inhibition of monocyte chemotaxis and TGF β1/Smads signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wei
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Shi
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai-Yin Li
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xin-Gang Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ming-Xia Wang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuan-She Wang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, XiCheng District, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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Jiang Y, Zhao Q, Li L, Huang S, Yi S, Hu Z. Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:806300. [PMID: 35387325 PMCID: PMC8978630 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the health care system developed with the help of clinical trials that are based ideally on the scientific model of regulation. Objective: This systematic health care system relies on some specific unique theories and practical experiences to treat and cure diseases, thus enhancing the public's health. Review Methodology: The current review covers the available literature from 2000 to 2021. The data was collected from journals research articles, published books, thesis, and electronic databases, search engines such as Google Scholar, Elsevier, EBSCO, PMC, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Willey Online Library, Springer Link, and CNKI) searching key terms, cardiovascular disease, traditional Chinese medicines, natural products, and bioactive compounds. Full-length articles and abstracts were screened for the collection of information included in the paper. Results: Clinical trials on the TCM and basic research carried out on its mechanism and nature have led to the application and development of the perfect design of the research techniques, for example, twofold striking in acupuncture that aid in overcoming the limitations and resistances in integrating and applicability of these experiences and trials into the pre-existing biomedical models. Furthermore, TCM has also been utilized from ancient times to treat heart diseases in Asia, particularly in China, and is now used by people in many other areas. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is mainly developed by oxidative stress. Hence antioxidants can be beneficial in treating this particular disease. TCM has a wide variety of antioxidant components. Conclusion: The current review article summarizes the underlying therapeutic property of TCM and its mechanism. It also overviews the evidence of the mechanism of TCM action in CVD prevention by controlling oxidative stress and its signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shumin Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Yi
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixi Hu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Zhang J, Hu K, Di L, Wang P, Liu Z, Zhang J, Yue P, Song W, Zhang J, Chen T, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhan C, Cheng YC, Li X, Li Q, Fan JY, Shen Y, Han JY, Qiao H. Traditional herbal medicine and nanomedicine: Converging disciplines to improve therapeutic efficacy and human health. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113964. [PMID: 34499982 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine (THM), an ancient science, is a gift from nature. For thousands of years, it has helped humans fight diseases and protect life, health, and reproduction. Nanomedicine, a newer discipline has evolved from exploitation of the unique nanoscale morphology and is widely used in diagnosis, imaging, drug delivery, and other biomedical fields. Although THM and nanomedicine differ greatly in time span and discipline dimensions, they are closely related and are even evolving toward integration and convergence. This review begins with the history and latest research progress of THM and nanomedicine, expounding their respective developmental trajectory. It then discusses the overlapping connectivity and relevance of the two fields, including nanoaggregates generated in herbal medicine decoctions, the application of nanotechnology in the delivery and treatment of natural active ingredients, and the influence of physiological regulatory capability of THM on the in vivo fate of nanoparticles. Finally, future development trends, challenges, and research directions are discussed.
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Yan L, Pan CS, Liu YY, Cui YC, Hu BH, Chang X, Wei XH, Huang P, Liu J, Fan JY, Li Q, Sun K, Yan LL, He K, Han JY. The Composite of 3, 4-Dihydroxyl-Phenyl Lactic Acid and Notoginsenoside R1 Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury Through Regulating Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain. Front Physiol 2021; 12:538962. [PMID: 34322032 PMCID: PMC8311465 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.538962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim 3,4-Dihydroxyl-phenyl lactic acid (DLA) and notoginsenoside R1 (R1) are known to protect ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury by targeting Sirtuin1/NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 10/the Mitochondrial Complex I (Sirt-1/NDUFA10/Complex I) and Rho-associated kinase/adenosine triphosphate (ROCK/ATP) ATP synthase δ subunit (ATP 5D), respectively. We hypothesized that a composite of the two may exhibit a more potent effect on I/R injury. The study was designed to test this hypothesis. Materials and Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent left anterior descending artery occlusion and reperfusion, with or without DLA, R1, or a combination of 3,4-dihydroxyl-phenyl lactic acid and notoginsenoside R1 (DR) pretreatment. Heart function, myocardial morphology, myocardial infarct, myocardial blood flow (MBF), apoptosis, vascular diameter, and red blood cell (RBC) velocity in venules were evaluated. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were assessed. The content of ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP), the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain Complex I and its subunit NDUFA10, the Mitochondrial Complex V (Complex V) and its subunit ATP 5D, Sirt-1, Ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA), ROCK-1, and phosphorylated myosin light chain (P-MLC) were evaluated. R1 binding to Sirt-1 was determined by surface plasmon resonance. Results DLA inhibited the expression of Sirt-1, the reduction in Complex I activity and its subunit NDUFA10 expression, the increase in MPO, MDA, and 8-OhdG, and apoptosis. R1 inhibited the increase in the expression of RhoA/ROCK-1/P-MLC, the reduction of Complex V activity and its subunit ATP 5D expression, alleviated F-actin, and myocardial fiber rupture. Both DLA and R1 reduced the myocardial infarction size, increased the velocities of RBC in venules, and improved MBF and heart function impaired by I/R. DR exhibited effects similar to what was exerted, respectively, by DLA and R1 in terms of respiratory chain complexes and related signaling and outcomes, and an even more potent effect on myocardial infarct size, RBC velocity, heart function, and MBF than DLA and R1 alone. Conclusion A combination of 3,4-dihydroxyl-phenyl lactic acid and notoginsenoside R1 revealed a more potent effect on I/R injury via the additive effect of DLA and R1, which inhibited not only apoptosis caused by low expression of Sirt-1/NDUFA10/Complex I but also myocardial fiber fracture caused by RhoA/ROCK-1 activation and decreased expression of ATP/ATP 5D/Complex V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Chen Cui
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-He Hu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wei
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Lu Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ke He
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Intergration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
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Meng L, Li Y, Xue C, Ding C, Wang X, Fu R, Li Y, Li X, Dong Z. Compound danshen dripping pills affect the pharmacokinetics of azisartan by regulating the expression of cytochrome P450 2B1, 2C6, and 2C11 in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 195:113887. [PMID: 33418444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapies of compound danshen dripping pill (CDDP) and Azilsartan (AZ) represent a promising treatment option in clinical practice in China, but there are no reports on drug-drug interactions between CDDP and AZ. This study investigated the effects of CDDP on the pharmacokinetics of AZ and clarified its potential mechanism. The pharmacokinetic profiles of oral administration of AZ (2 mg/kg) in Sprague-Dawley rats, with or without pre-treatment of CDDP (81, 405, 810 mg/kg/d for 7 d) were investigated using UPLC-MS/MS. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared. The MS analysis was performed in positive ionization mode. The purpose of chromatographic separation of AZ and the internal standard (IS, Valsartan) was finished on a Waters XBridge BEH C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 2.5 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile and 0.1 % formic acid-water with gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The mRNA and protein levels of CYP2B1, CYP2C6, and CYP2C11 in the rat liver were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The results indicated that low, medium and high doses of CDDP significantly increased the Cmax (6.47 ± 2.28, 6.51 ± 1.99, 7.04 ± 1.31 vs. 3.30 ± 1.87) of AZ, compared with that in the AZ single-drug group (p<0.05). The AUC0-t of AZ (47.77 ± 23.41, 50.69 ± 25.46, 54.50 ± 11.57 vs. 26.85 ± 16.79) tended to increase in combination with CDDP. The gene and protein expression levels of CYP2B1, CYP2C6, and CYP2C11 were significantly reduced in the rat liver by CDDP. CDDP may diminish the AZ metabolism in vivo by suppressing the expression of the CYP2B1, CYP2C6, and CYP2C11 enzymes. This observation suggested the occurrence of potential interactions between CDDP and AZ when clinically administered as combination therapy, which may require adjustment of the clinical dose of AZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Meng
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Chaojun Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Congyang Ding
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Ran Fu
- Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Yajing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Zhanjun Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Ding R, Niu W, He Z, Liang C. Pre-treatment with compound Danshen dripping pills prevents lipid infusion-induced microvascular dysfunction in mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:701-706. [PMID: 32687420 PMCID: PMC7470096 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1790619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recent studies have shown compound Danshen dripping pills (CDDP) could improve microcirculation in ischemic/reperfusion injury and other microvascular disorders. The mechanism for CDDP's role in microcirculation is not clear. OBJECTIVE To explore the protective effects of CDDP on microvascular dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 male mice (6-8 weeks) were randomized into control, model and CDDP groups (n = 10), which were treated with normal saline or CDDP (105.30 mg/kg), respectively. Then, lipid emulsion and heparin were infused via mice jugular vein to establish systemic microvascular dysfunction model. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) and leukocytes adhesion on microvascular wall were measured. Relative CD11b and CD62L expression levels on neutrophils were measured by flow cytometric analysis. Expression level of forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FOXO1) mRNA was identified by real-time PCR. RESULTS Lipid infusion significantly attenuated the CFR (1.84 ± 0.14 vs. 2.65 ± 0.02) and increased the number of leukocytes adherent to microvascular wall in cremaster (4067.00 ± 581.20 cells/mm2 vs. 10.67 ± 4.81 cells/mm2). The expression level of CD11b and FOXO1 in neutrophils was also up-regulated by lipid infusion. Pre-treatment with CDDP significantly improved CFR (2.57 ± 0.29 vs. 1.84 ± 0.14), decreased the number of leukocytes adherent to microvascular wall (2500.00 ± 288.70 cells/mm2 vs. 4067.00 ± 581.20 cells/mm2) and down-regulated CD11b and FOXO1 expression. Discussion and conclusions: Pre-treatment with CDDP could prevent lipid infusion-induced systemic microvascular disorder including coronary and peripheral microvascular dysfunction. Down-regulated FOXO1 and decreased leukocyte adhesion might play an important role in the mechanisms of CDDP's efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanda Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqing He
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Total Salvianolic Acid Injection Prevents Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Myocardial Injury Via Antioxidant Mechanism Involving Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Through the Upregulation of Sirtuin1 and Sirtuin3. Shock 2020; 51:745-756. [PMID: 29863652 PMCID: PMC6511432 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) and Sirtuin3 (Sirt3) are known to participate in regulating mitochondrial function. However, whether Total Salvianolic Acid Injection (TSI) protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through regulating Sirt1, Sirt3, and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of TSI on I/R-induced myocardial injury and the underlying mechanism. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by 90 min reperfusion with or without TSI treatment (8 mg/kg/h). The results demonstrated that TSI attenuated I/R-induced myocardial injury by the reduced infarct size, recovery of myocardial blood flow, and decreased cardiac apoptosis. Moreover, TSI protected heart from oxidative insults, such as elevation of myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, ROS, as well as attenuated I/R-elicited downregulation of Sirt1, Sirt3, NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex 10 (NDUFA10), succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein variant (SDHA), and restoring mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes activity. The in vitro study in H9c2 cells using siRNA transfection further confirmed the critical role of Sirt1 and Sirt3 in the effect of TSI on the expression of NDUFA10 and SDHA. These results demonstrated that TSI attenuated I/R-induced myocardial injury via inhibition of oxidative stress, which was related to the activation of NDUFA10 and SDHA through the upregulation of Sirt1 and Sirt3.
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Jin T, Liu Z, Chu Y, Ma X, Li S, Wang X, Wang G, Zhou S, Sun H, Yang J. UFLC-MS/MS Determination and Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Tanshinol, Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 in Rat Plasma After Oral Administration of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 45:523-533. [PMID: 32304023 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-020-00618-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES As a traditional Chinese Materia Medica (CMM), the Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) is widely used for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases. In view of its undefined applicable population and dosage, a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) study is required. The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of multi-component CMM PPK in rat plasma after oral administration of CDDP based on sparse sampling. METHODS In this research, a simple, rapid and highly sensitive UFLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of tanshinol (TSL), ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) and ginsenoside Rg1 (GRg1) has been successfully developed in rat plasma. Moreover, the validated method has been applied to a PPK study of CDDP based on sparse data. We established the PPK models for these three main active constituents using a nonlinear mixed-effects model, taking into account of factors such as gender, age in weeks and weight. RESULTS The PPK models of TSL and GRb1 were best described by a one-compartment model with linear elimination and first-order absorption. The model of GRg1 was best described by a two-compartment model with first-order absorption. Bootstrap validation and a visual predictive check confirmed the predictive ability, the model stability and the precision of the parameter estimates from these models. CONCLUSION As a preliminary exploration toward the clinical population pharmacokinetic research, this study provides a reference for the population pharmacokinetic study of traditional CMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqian Jin
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zuhui Liu
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yang Chu
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Shuming Li
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Genbei Wang
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - He Sun
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,State Key Laboratory of Critical Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,Tasly Pharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Jin Yang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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11
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Deng JN, Li Q, Sun K, Pan CS, Li H, Fan JY, Li G, Hu BH, Chang X, Han JY. Cardiotonic Pills Plus Recombinant Human Prourokinase Ameliorates Atherosclerotic Lesions in LDLR -/- Mice. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1128. [PMID: 31551808 PMCID: PMC6747059 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study was to explore the protective effects of cardiotonic pills (CP) or/and recombinant human prourokinase (proUK)on the atherosclerosis and the potential underlying mechanism. Methods and Results Atherosclerosis was induced in LDLR–/– mice by high fat diet contained 20% lard and 0.5% cholesterol. Daily oral administration of CP (130 mg/kg) or/and intravenous injection of proUK (2.5 mg/kg, twice a week) began at 8 weeks after feeding with high fat diet and continued for 4 weeks. CP alone treatment markedly decreased plasma triglyceride, but did not ameliorate atherosclerosis plaque. No effect was observed for proUK alone on any endpoints tested. CP plus proUK induced a significantly reduction in the atherosclerotic lesions, along with decreased levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride in the plasma. CP plus proUK inhibited the elevated hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride in high fat diet-fed LDLR–/– mice, up-regulating the expressions of ATP-binding cassette gene 5 and 8, and adipose triglyceride lipase. In the aorta, CP plus proUK inhibited the expression of scavenger receptor A and CD36 in LDLR–/– mice. In addition, we observed that systemic inflammation was inhibited, manifested downregulation of plasma macrophage inflammatory protein-1α and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1. Conclusion CP plus proUK effectively attenuated atherosclerosis plaque in LDLR–/– mice, which is associated with normalizing the lipid metabolism in the liver and aorta, reducing phagocytosis of receptor-mediated modified-LDL uptake and inhibiting systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Na Deng
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Gao Li
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Bai-He Hu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Protective effect of Ziziphora clinopodioides flavonoids against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress in HUVEC cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109156. [PMID: 31387192 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to study the protective effect of Ziziphora clinopodioides flavonoids (ZCF) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HUVEC cells. MTT assay was carried out to determine the cell viability of HUVEC cells following pretreatment with ZCF. Fluorescent microscopy measurements were performed to evaluate apoptosis of HUVEC cells. Furthermore, the effects of ZCF on the activities of antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde production (MDA) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were analyzed. Apoptosis was observed by Hoechst33258 staining and AO staining. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect the expression of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and aspartate proteolytic enzyme-3 (Caspase-3) mRNA. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were detected by western blot. ZCF attenuated H2O2-induced cell death, as determined by the MTT assay. ZCF decreased malondialdehyde and lactic dehydrogenase levels, increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase activities and inhibited apoptosis. Moreover, pretreatment with ZCF decreased the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 at mRNA level, increased the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA level, decreased the levels of VEGFR2, Bax and Caspase-3 protein, and increased the level of p-Akt / Akt and Bcl-2 protein in HUVEC cells. These results suggested that ZCF protected against H2O2-induced injury in HUVEC cells. The mechanism for this effect is related to the enhancement of antioxidant capacity, suppression of angiogenesis and apoptosis.
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Zheng QN, Wei XH, Pan CS, Li Q, Liu YY, Fan JY, Han JY. QiShenYiQi Pills ® ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial fibrosis involving RP S19-mediated TGFβ1/Smads signaling pathway. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104272. [PMID: 31085230 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) is a compound Chinese medicine widely used in China for treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, limited data are available regarding the anti-fibrotic role of QSYQ after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aimed to investigate the effect of post-treatment with QSYQ on myocardial fibrosis after I/R-induced myocardium injury, and the role of different compounds of QSYQ, focusing especially on the involvement of chemokine ribosomal protein S19 (RP S19) dimer and monocyte migration. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 30 min followed by reperfusion with or without administration of QSYQ (0.6, 1.2, or 1.8 g/kg) once daily by gavage for 6 days. Post-treatment with QSYQ diminished I/R-induced infarct size, alleviated myocardium injury, attenuated myocardial fibrosis after 6 days of reperfusion, and restored heart function and myocardial blood flow after I/R. In addition, the drug significantly inhibited monocyte infiltration and macrophage polarization towards M2, which was attributable to chemokine RP S19 dimer. Moreover, Western blots revealed that QSYQ blocked I/R-induced increase in TGFβ1 and TGFβRⅡ and reversed its relevant gene expression, such as Smad3,4,6,7, and inhibited the increase of MMP 2,9 expression. As the major components of QSYQ, astragaloside IV (AsIV), 3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl lactic acid (DLA), and notoginsenoside R1 (R1) were assessed as to the contribution of each of them to the expression of the proteins concerned. The results showed that the effect of AsIV was similar to QSYQ, while DLA and R1 only partly simulated the effect of QSYQ. The results provide evidence for the potential role of QSYQ in treating myocardial fibrosis following I/R injury. This effect may be associated with QSYQ's inhibition effect on monocyte chemotaxis and TGFβ1/Smads signaling pathway with different component targeting distinct link (s) of the signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ning Zheng
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wei
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Laboratory of Integrative Microangiopathy, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China.
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14
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The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Treating Coronary Heart Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3231424. [PMID: 30918578 PMCID: PMC6409025 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3231424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been closely related with coronary artery disease. In coronary heart disease (CHD), an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production generates endothelial cell and smooth muscle functional disorders, leading to a disequilibrium between the antioxidant capacity and prooxidants. ROS also leads to inflammatory signal activation and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, which can promote and increase the occurrence and development of CHD. There are several kinds of antioxidative and small molecular systems of antioxidants, such as β-carotene, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and reduced glutathione (GSH). Studies have shown that antioxidant treatment was effective and decreased the risk of CHD, but the effect of the treatment varies greatly. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been utilized for thousands of years in China and is becoming increasingly popular all over the world, especially for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases. This review will concentrate on the evidence of the action mechanism of TCM in preventing CHD by modulating oxidative stress-related signaling pathways.
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15
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Liao W, Ma X, Li J, Li X, Guo Z, Zhou S, Sun H. A review of the mechanism of action of Dantonic® for the treatment of chronic stable angina. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:690-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Sun T, Zhang L, Li X, Chen F, Li Y, Ma X, Yu F. MicroRNA-1 and Circulating Microvesicles Mediate the Protective Effects of Dantonic in Acute Myocardial Infarction Rat Models. Front Physiol 2018; 9:664. [PMID: 30319429 PMCID: PMC6166418 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the protective effect of dantonic in ischemic myocardial damage by evaluating the expression of circulating microvesicles (MVs) and microRNA-1 (miR-1) in two animal models. Methods: Two animal models of myocardial ischemia were established that were isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia (ISO-AMI) rat model and the acute myocardial infarction rat model induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD-AMI) of rat. To investigate the protective effect of dantonic, we observed the myocardial infarction size, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) level in serum, and the plasma levels of miR-1 and MVs. Results: The results showed that pretreatment with dantonic significantly attenuated the LAD-AMI induced myocardial damage by decreasing the size of myocardial infarction, CK, LDH, AST activities, and cTnI level in serum. High dose dantonic treatment could significantly abrogate the increased plasma levels of miR-1 and MVs as compared to the LAD rat model. In addition, pretreatment with dantonic also showed a significant myocardial protective effect through reducing the expression levels of CK, LDH, and AST as compared to the ISO-AMI model. Whereas the cTnI level was no significant difference between model group and control group, suggesting that the model caused less myocardial damage. In the ISO-induced myocardial ischemia model, there is no significant difference between the model group with the control group of MVs and miR-1 levels. This may be that miR-1 is reported as a biomarker of acute myocardial infarction. The pathological changes of IOS-induced acute myocardial ischemia model are also different from those of acute myocardial infarction. Conclusion: Dantonic showed the protective effect in these two ischemic myocardial injury rat models, whereas the circulating miR-1 and MVs levels were only ameliorated in the LAD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Sun
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Fengfei Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yanchuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre, Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Yu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Zhao X, Dou M, Zhang Z, Zhang D, Huang C. Protective effect of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides on H2O2-induced injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:72-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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18
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Mu F, Duan J, Bian H, Yin Y, Zhu Y, Wei G, Guan Y, Wang Y, Guo C, Wen A, Yang Y, Xi M. Cardioprotective effects and mechanism of Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and Lignum Dalbergiae odoriferae on rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1759-1770. [PMID: 28656200 PMCID: PMC5562082 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (SM) and Lignum Dalbergiae odoriferae (DO) are traditional Chinese medicinal herbs used to treat ischemic heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases; however, to the best of our knowledge, there are currently few studies regarding their effects. The present study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of SM and DO during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury in rats, and explore the molecular mechanisms that underlie their actions. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with SM, the aqueous extract of DO (DOA) and the volatile oil of DO (DOO), either as a monotherapy or in combination for 7 days. Subsequently, the rats were subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 180 min of reperfusion. Traditional pharmacodynamic evaluation and metabonomics based on gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to identify the therapeutic effects of these traditional Chinese medicines. The results revealed that SM, DOA and DOO monotherapies ameliorated cardiac function, and this effect was strengthened further when used in combined therapies. Among the combined treatments, SM + DOO exhibited the greatest potential (P<0.05) to improve electrocardiogram results and heart rate, reduce the heart weight index and myocardial infarct size, and decrease the levels of creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, metabonomics-based findings, including the principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis score plot of the metabolic state in rat serum, provided confirmation for the aforementioned results, verifying that SM + DOO exerted synergistic therapeutic efficacies to exhibit a greater effect on rats with MI/R injury when compared with the other pretreatment groups. Furthermore, the most effective duration of SM + DOO treatment was 30 min and the least effective duration was 180 min. Treatment with SM + DOO also significantly (P<0.01) reduced the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling-positive cells, tumor necrosis factor-α andinterleukin-6 expression, and malondialdehyde content, and increased the serum and tissue activity of superoxide dismutase. These results indicated that the combined effects of SM + DOO may be more effective compared with the single pretreatments against MI/R injury in rats. This effect may be achieved partly through anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, SM + DOO may be considered an effective and promising novel strategy for the prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Haixu Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yanrong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Xi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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19
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Han JY, Li Q, Ma ZZ, Fan JY. Effects and mechanisms of compound Chinese medicine and major ingredients on microcirculatory dysfunction and organ injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:146-173. [PMID: 28322971 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microcirculation dysfunction and organ injury after ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) result from a complex pathologic process consisting of multiple links, with metabolism impairment in the ischemia phase and oxidative stress in the reperfusion phase as initiators, and any treatment targeting a single link is insufficient to cope with this. Compound Chinese medicine (CCM) has been applied in clinics in China and some Asian nations for >2000years. Studies over the past decades revealed the protective and therapeutic effect of CCMs and major ingredients on I/R-induced microcirculatory dysfunction and tissue injury in the heart, brain, liver, intestine, and so on. CCM contains diverse bioactive components with potential for energy metabolism regulation; antioxidant effect; inhibiting inflammatory cytokines release; adhesion molecule expression in leukocyte, platelet, and vascular endothelial cells; and the protection of thrombosis, albumin leakage, and mast cell degranulation. This review covers the major works with respect to the effects and underlying mechanisms of CCM and its ingredients on microcirculatory dysfunction and organ injury after I/R, providing novel ideas for dealing with this threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Ma
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
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20
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Li T, Chu Y, Yan K, Li S, Wang X, Wang Y, Li W, Ma X, Yang J, Liu C. Simultaneous determination of tanshinol, protocatechuic aldehyde, protocatechuic acid, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingyang Li
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yang Chu
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
| | - Kaijing Yan
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin China
| | - Shuming Li
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
| | - Ying Wang
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Wei Li
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Tasly Academy; Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
| | - Jin Yang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine; Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd.; Tianjin China
- The State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics; Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research; Tianjin China
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21
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Zhang J, Li H, Lu L, Yan L, Yang X, Shi Z, Li D. The Yiqi and Yangyin Formula ameliorates injury to the hematopoietic system induced by total body irradiation. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2017; 58:1-7. [PMID: 27422936 PMCID: PMC5321178 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrw056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined whether the Yiqi and Yangyin Formula (YYF), used in traditional Chinese medicine, could ameliorate damage to the hematopoietic system induced by total body irradiation (TBI). Treatment with 15 g/kg of YYF increased the survival rate of Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice exposed to 7.5 Gy TBI. Furthermore, YYF treatment increased the white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (HCT) counts in ICR mice exposed to 2 Gy or 4 Gy TBI. Treatment with YYF also increased the number of bone marrow cells, hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the colony-forming ability of granulocyte-macrophage cells. YYF alleviated TBI-induced suppression of the differentiation ability of HPCs and HSCs and decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs), HPCs and HSCs from mice exposed to 2 Gy or 4 Gy TBI. Overall, our data suggest that YYF can ameliorate myelosuppression by reducing the intracellular ROS levels in hematopoietic cells after TBI at doses of 2 Gy and 4 Gy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Lixiang Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Zhexin Shi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Deguan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
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22
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Guo J, Yong Y, Aa J, Cao B, Sun R, Yu X, Huang J, Yang N, Yan L, Li X, Cao J, Aa N, Yang Z, Kong X, Wang L, Zhu X, Ma X, Guo Z, Zhou S, Sun H, Wang G. Compound danshen dripping pills modulate the perturbed energy metabolism in a rat model of acute myocardial ischemia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37919. [PMID: 27905409 PMCID: PMC5131350 DOI: 10.1038/srep37919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous administration of compound danshen dripping pills (CDDP) showed good efficacy in relieving myocardial ischemia clinically. To probe the underlying mechanism, metabolic features were evaluated in a rat model of acute myocardial ischemia induced by isoproterenol (ISO) and administrated with CDDP using a metabolomics platform. Our data revealed that the ISO-induced animal model showed obvious myocardial injury, decreased energy production, and a marked change in metabolomic patterns in plasma and heart tissue. CDDP pretreatment increased energy production, ameliorated biochemical indices, modulated the changes and metabolomic pattern induced by ISO, especially in heart tissue. For the first time, we found that ISO induced myocardial ischemia was accomplished with a reduced fatty acids metabolism and an elevated glycolysis for energy supply upon the ischemic stress; while CDDP pretreatment prevented the tendency induced by ISO and enhanced a metabolic shift towards fatty acids metabolism that conventionally dominates energy supply to cardiac muscle cells. These data suggested that the underlying mechanism of CDDP involved regulating the dominant energy production mode and enhancing a metabolic shift toward fatty acids metabolism in ischemic heart. It was further indicated that CDDP had the potential to prevent myocardial ischemia in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key laboratory of drug design and optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 TongjiaLane, Nanjing, 210009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Yonghong Yong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Avenue, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiye Aa
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key laboratory of drug design and optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 TongjiaLane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key laboratory of drug design and optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 TongjiaLane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key laboratory of drug design and optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 TongjiaLane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key laboratory of drug design and optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 TongjiaLane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jingqiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key laboratory of drug design and optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 TongjiaLane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key laboratory of drug design and optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 TongjiaLane, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lulu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Nan Aa
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Avenue, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Avenue, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Avenue, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Liansheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Avenue, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhu
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 282 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tianjin, 300410, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhixin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - He Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., No. 2 Pujihe East Road, Tianjin, 300410, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key laboratory of drug design and optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 TongjiaLane, Nanjing, 210009, China
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23
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Akaberi M, Iranshahi M, Mehri S. Molecular Signaling Pathways Behind the Biological Effects of Salvia Species Diterpenes in Neuropharmacology and Cardiology. Phytother Res 2016; 30:878-93. [PMID: 26988179 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The genus Salvia, from the Lamiaceae family, has diverse biological properties that are primarily attributable to their diterpene contents. There is no comprehensive review on the molecular signaling pathways of these active components. In this review, we investigated the molecular targets of bioactive Salvia diterpenes responsible for the treatment of nervous and cardiovascular diseases. The effects on different pathways, including apoptosis signaling, oxidative stress phenomena, the accumulation of amyloid beta plaques, and tau phosphorylation, have all been considered to be mechanisms of the anti-Alzheimer properties of Salvia diterpenes. Additionally, effects on the benzodiazepine and kappa opioid receptors and neuroprotective effects are noted as neuropharmacological properties of Salvia diterpenes, including tanshinone IIA, salvinorin A, cryptotanshinone, and miltirone. Tanshinone IIA, as the primary diterpene of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has beneficial activities in heart diseases because of its ability to scavenge free radicals and its effects on transcription factors, such as nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Additionally, tanshinone IIA has also been proposed to have cardioprotective properties including antiarrhythmic activities and effects on myocardial infarction. With respect to the potential therapeutic effects of Salvia diterpenes, comprehensive clinical trials are warranted to evaluate these valuable molecules as lead compounds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akaberi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - S Mehri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zhang W, Xing B, Yang L, Shi J, Zhou X. Icaritin Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury Via Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Stress Effects in Rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:1083-97. [PMID: 26364662 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Icaritin (ICT) is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb proved to be neuroprotective and exerts promoting effects on cardiac differentiation. However, its role in cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ICT treatment on MI/R injury and the underlying mechanisms. Rats were subjected to 30 min of myocardial ischemic insult followed by 3 h of reperfusion. ICT (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 10 min before reperfusion. ICT treatment at the dose of 10 and 30 mg/kg improved cardiac function and limited infarct size following MI/R. Meanwhile, ICT reduced plasma creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in I/R heart tissue. Moreover, ICT treatment not only inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α production and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 level in myocardium but also reduced the increase in the generation of superoxide content and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and simultaneously increased the anti-oxidant capability in I/R hearts. Furthermore, ICT treatment increased Akt phosphorylation and inhibited PTEN expression in I/R hearts. PI3K inhibitor wortmannin inhibited ICT-enhanced Akt phosphorylation, and blunted ICT-mediated anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and cardioprotection. Our study indicated for the first time that ICT reduces inflammation and oxidative stress and protects against MI/R injury in rats, which might be via a PI3K–Akt-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Baichun Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Jialun Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Xinmin Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Gao LN, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Cui YL, Yu CQ, Gao S. The anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extract from Dan-Lou prescription in vivo and in vitro. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:317. [PMID: 26354089 PMCID: PMC4563854 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0848-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Although, Dan-Lou prescription (DLP) is used for antagonizing check discomfort and heartache, the pharmacological mechanism has not been clearly illustrated. Our present study aimed to design inflammatory models induced by LPS in vivo and in vitro to investigate the anti-inflammation of DLP ethanol extract (EEDL) and the potential mechanisms. Methods EEDL was prepared and then analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Further, the anti-inflammatory effects of EEDL in vivo was evaluated by measuring inflammation-associated factors includingcytokines, chemokines and acute phase proteins in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice serum and liver. The anti-inflammatory mechanism exploration of EEDL was performed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Different effects of EEDL on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG)E2 secretion were investigated by Griess reagent method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. Then the mRNA and protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were measured by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), ELISA and Western blot. Other chemokines and acute phase proteins were determined by proteome profile array. Finally, the ELISA based transcription factor assay was applied to measure the DNA-binding activity of nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB p65. Results Eight compounds from EEDL have been identified as gallic acid, salvianic acid, puerarin, daidzin, paeoniflorin, salvianolic acid B, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone IIA, with amounts of 0.26, 9.84, 10.41, 2.55, 9.44, 3.82, 0.24 and 0.3 mg/kg, respectively. In vivo, EEDL administration antagonized the up-regulation of more than 17 kinds of cytokines, chemokines and acute phase proteins in LPS-treated mice serum, and inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in mice liver tissue. In vitro, LPS-induced NO and PGE2 over-productions were decreased by EEDL treatment. The mRNA and protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6 were similarly inhibited by EEDL treatment, which might be attributed to decrease the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB p65. Conclusion EEDL was valid for anti-inflammation and the potential molecular mechanisms might be due to the inhibition of of LPS-induced iNOS/NO, COX-2/PGE2 and cytokines expression by antagonizing the activation of NF-κB p65. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0848-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Mu HN, Li Q, Pan CS, Liu YY, Yan L, Hu BH, Sun K, Chang X, Zhao XR, Fan JY, Han JY. Caffeic acid attenuates rat liver reperfusion injury through sirtuin 3-dependent regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 85:237-49. [PMID: 25960048 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) plays critical roles in regulating mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. However, whether Sirt3 is involved in liver ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury remains elusive. Caffeic acid (CA) is a natural antioxidant derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Whether CA protects against liver I/R injury through regulating Sirt3 and the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) is unclear. This study investigated the effect of CA on liver I/R injury, microcirculatory disturbance, and potential mechanisms, particularly focusing on Sirt3-dependent MRC. Liver I/R of male Sprague-Dawley rats was established by occlusion of portal area vessels for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion. CA (15 mg/kg/h) was continuously infused via the femoral vein starting 30 min before ischemia. After I/R, Sirt3 expression, and MRC activity decreased, acetylation of NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9 and succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein variant provoked, and the liver microcirculatory disturbance and injury were observed. Treatment with CA attenuated liver injury, inhibited Sirt3 down-expression, and up-regulated MRC activity. CA attenuated rat liver microcirculatory disturbance and oxidative injury through regulation of Sirt3 and the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Na Mu
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-He Hu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Rong Zhao
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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A strategy for the identification of combinatorial bioactive compounds contributing to the holistic effect of herbal medicines. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26198093 PMCID: PMC4510521 DOI: 10.1038/srep12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well claimed that herbal medicines (HMs) elicit effects via a multi-compounds and multi-targets synergistic mode. However, it lacks appropriate strategies to uncover the combinatory compounds that take effect together and contribute to a certain pharmacological effect of an herb as a whole, which represents a major bottleneck in providing sound evidence in supporting the clinic benefits of HMs. Here, we proposed a strategy to the identification of combinatory compounds contributing to the anti-inflammatory activity of Cardiotonic Pill (CP). The strategy proposed herein contains four core steps, including the identification of bioequivalent combinatorial compounds, chemical family classification-based combinatorial screen, interactive mode evaluation, and activity contribution index assay. Using this strategy, we have successfully identified six compounds in combination responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of CP, whose anti-inflammatory activities were found comparable to that of the whole CP. Additionally, these six compounds take effect via an additive mode but little synergism. This study, together with our recent work in the identification of bioactive equivalent compounds combination, provides a widely applicable strategy to the identification of combinatory compounds responsible for a certain pharmacological activity of HMs.
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Chen JR, Wei J, Wang LY, Zhu Y, Li L, Olunga MA, Gao XM, Fan GW. Cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury by QiShenYiQi Pill® via ameliorate of multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:3051-66. [PMID: 26109848 PMCID: PMC4474392 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s82146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the potential cardioprotective effects of QiShenYiQi Pill® (QSYQ) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through antioxidative stress and mitochondrial protection. Methods and results Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with QSYQ or saline for 7 days and subjected to ischemia (30 minutes occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery) and reperfusion (120 minutes). Cardiac functions were evaluated by echocardiogram and hemodynamics. Myocardial mitochondria were obtained to evaluate changes in mitochondrial structure and function, immediately after 120 minutes reperfusion. Pretreatment with QSYQ protected against I/R-induced myocardial structural injury and improved cardiac hemodynamics, as demonstrated by normalized serum creatine kinase and suppressed oxidative stress. Moreover, the impaired myocardial mitochondrial structure and function decreased level of ATP (accompanied by reduction of ATP5D and increase in the expression of cytochrome C). Myocardial fiber rupture, interstitial edema, and infiltrated leukocytes were all significantly ameliorated by pretreatment with QSYQ. Conclusion Pretreatment of QSYQ in Sprague Dawley rats improves ventricular function and energy metabolism and reduces oxidative stress via ameliorating multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions during I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Rui Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wei
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yan Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mary Akinyi Olunga
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Mei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan Wei Fan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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3, 4-dihydroxyl-phenyl lactic acid restores NADH dehydrogenase 1 α subunit 10 to ameliorate cardiac reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10739. [PMID: 26030156 PMCID: PMC5377067 DOI: 10.1038/srep10739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to detect the role of 3, 4-dihydroxyl-phenyl lactic acid (DLA) during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced myocardial injury with emphasis on the underlying mechanism of DLA antioxidant. Male Spragu-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to left descending artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. Treatment with DLA ameliorated myocardial structure and function disorder, blunted the impairment of Complex I activity and mitochondrial function after I/R. The results of 2-D fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis revealed that DLA prevented the decrease in NDUFA10 expression, one of the subunits of Complex I. To find the target of DLA, the binding affinity of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) to DLA and DLA derivatives with replaced two phenolic hydroxyls was detected using surface plasmon resonance and bilayer interferometry. The results showed that DLA could activate SIRT1 after I/R probably by binding to this protein, depending on phenolic hydroxyl. Moreover, the importance of SIRT1 to DLA effectiveness was confirmed through siRNA transfection in vitro. These results demonstrated that DLA was able to prevent I/R induced decrease in NDUFA10 expression, improve Complex I activity and mitochondrial function, eventually attenuate cardiac structure and function injury after I/R, which was possibly related to its ability of binding to and activating SIRT1.
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Induction of autophagy by Tongxinluo through the MEK/ERK pathway protects human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2015; 64:180-90. [PMID: 24705173 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
: In contrast to cardiomyocytes, autophagy in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been fully investigated. Tongxinluo (TXL), a traditional Chinese medicine, was shown to be vascular protective. We aimed to elucidate the role of autophagy and its regulatory mechanisms by TXL in CMECs subjected to I/R injury. CMECs were exposed to different treatments for 30 minutes and subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation each for 2 hours. The results indicated that hypoxia/reoxygenation significantly induced autophagy, as identified by an increased number of monodansylcadaverine-positive CMECs, increased autophagosome formation, and a higher type II/type I of light chain 3 ratio, but not Beclin-1 expression. Autophagy inhibition using 3-methyladenine was proapoptotic, but rapamycin-induced autophagy was antiapoptotic. TXL enhanced autophagy and decreased apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, reaching its largest effect at 800 μg/mL. 3-methyladenine attenuated the TXL-promoted autophagy and antiapoptotic effects, whereas rapamycin had no additional effects compared with TXL alone. TXL upregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation; however, PD98059 abrogated ERK phosphorylation and decreased autophagy and increased apoptosis compared with TXL alone. These results suggest that autophagy is a protective mechanism in CMECs subjected to I/R injury and that TXL can promote autophagy through activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK pathway.
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Wang X, Li W, Ma X, Yan K, Chu Y, Han M, Li S, Zhang H, Zhou S, Zhu Y, Sun H, Liu C. Identification of a major metabolite of danshensu in rat urine and simultaneous determination of danshensu and its metabolite in plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. Drug Test Anal 2014; 7:727-36. [PMID: 25557831 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Danshensu, as the effective component of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), has been widely used in clinical studies for treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. A new metabolite, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyllactic acid was isolated from the urine of rats, and its chemical structure was identified by ultraviolet (UV), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Furthermore, a selective and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (HPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of danshensu and its major metabolite, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyllactic acid, in rat plasma after oral and intravenous administration of danshensu. The separation was performed on a Hypersil Gold C18 column (150 × 2.1 mm i.d., 3.0 µm, Thermo, San jose CA, USA) with gradient elution using a mobile phase composed of methanol and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Linear detection responses were obtained for danshensu and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyllactic acid ranging from 5 to 10000 ng/mL and 5 to 4000 ng/mL, respectively. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) for the two compounds were both 5 ng/mL. The intra-and inter-day precision (R.S.D %) were within 5.61% for the two analytes. The average recoveries of the analytes were greater than 72.43%. The method was proved to be stable during all sample storage, preparation and analytic procedures. This method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of danshensu and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyllactic acid after oral and intravenous administration of danshensu in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Wang
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Wei Li
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, China
| | - Kaijing Yan
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Yang Chu
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Min Han
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Shuming Li
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Hongchao Zhang
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Yonghong Zhu
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - He Sun
- Tasly R&D Institute, Tianjin Tasly Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300410, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- Tianjin State key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China
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Yu D, Li M, Tian Y, Liu J, Shang J. Luteolin inhibits ROS-activated MAPK pathway in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2014; 122:15-25. [PMID: 25476833 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Luteolin is a falconoid compound that has an antioxidant effect, but its contribution to ROS-activated MAPK pathways in ischemia/reperfusion injury is seldom reported. Here, we have confirmed that it exhibits an antioxidant effect in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) by inhibiting ROS-activated MAPK pathways. MAIN METHODS We exposed rat hearts into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation for 30min followed by 1h of reperfusion. Observations were carried out using electrocardiography; detection of hemodynamic parameters; and testing levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was measured by western blot and transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the myocardial ultrastructure. Rat H9c2 cell in 95% N2 and 5% CO2 stimulated the MIRI. Oxidation system mRNA levels were measured by real-time PCR; mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis were measured by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry; western blot analysis was used to assay caspase-3, -8, and -9 and MAPK pathway protein expression; the MAPK pathway was inhibited using SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) and SP600125 (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase inhibitor) before H9c2 cells were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury to show the modulation of the changes in ROS generation, cell viability and apoptosis. KEY FINDINGS In vivo, luteolin can ameliorate the impaired mitochondrial morphology, regulating the MAPK pathway to protect MIRI. In vitro, luteolin can affect the oxidation system, mitochondrial membrane potential and MAPK pathway to anti-apoptosis. SIGNIFICANCE These results reveal a ROS-MAPK mediated mechanism and mitochondrial pathway through which luteolin can protect myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Yu
- Center for Drug Screening & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Mengwen Li
- Center for Drug Screening & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Youqing Tian
- Lianyungang TCM Branch, Jiangsu Union Technical Institute, Lianyungang 222007, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- Center for Drug Screening & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jing Shang
- Center for Drug Screening & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China.
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He K, Yan L, Pan CS, Liu YY, Cui YC, Hu BH, Chang X, Li Q, Sun K, Mao XW, Fan JY, Han JY. ROCK-dependent ATP5D modulation contributes to the protection of notoginsenoside NR1 against ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H1764-76. [PMID: 25305180 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00259.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains a challenge for clinicians, which initiates with energy metabolism disorder. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of notoginsenoside R1 (NR1) on I/R-induced cardiac injury and underlying mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 30-min occlusion of the left coronary anterior descending artery followed by reperfusion with or without NR1 pretreatment (5 mg·kg(-1)·h(-1)). In vitro, H9c2 cells were cultured under oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation conditions after NR1 (0.1 mM), Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 (10 μM), or RhoA/ROCK activator U-46619 (10 nM) administration. Myocardial infarct size, myocardial histology, and cardiac function were evaluated. Myofibril and mitochondria morphology were observed by transmission electron microscopy. F-actin and apoptosis were determined by immunofluorescence and TUNEL staining. ATP and AMP content were assessed by ELISA. Phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase, ATP synthase subunits, apoptosis-related molecules, and the level and activity of ROCK were determined by Western blot analysis. We found that NR1 pretreatment ameliorated myocardial infarction, histological injury, and cardiac function induced by I/R. Furthermore, similar to the effect of Y-27632, NR1 improved H9c2 cell viability, maintained actin skeleton and mitochondria morphology, and attenuated apoptosis induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation. Importantly, NR1 prevented energy abnormity, inhibited the expression and activation of ROCK, and restored the expression of the mitochondrial ATP synthase δ-subunit both in vivo and in vitro, whereas U-46619 suppressed the effect of NR1. These results prove NR1 as an agent able to prevent I/R-induced energy metabolism disorder via inhibiting ROCK and enhancing mitochondrial ATP synthase δ-subunits, which at least partially contributes to its protection against cardiac I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke He
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Chen Cui
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-He Hu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Mao
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China; and Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
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Li C, Li Q, Liu YY, Wang MX, Pan CS, Yan L, Chen YY, Fan JY, Han JY. Protective effects of Notoginsenoside R1 on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 306:G111-22. [PMID: 24232000 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00123.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) is a clinical problem occurred for diverse causes with high mortality. Prophylaxis and treatment of intestinal I/R remains a challenge for clinicians. The purpose of the present study was to explore the role of Notoginsenoside R1 (R1), a major component form of Panax notoginseng, in management of intestinal I/R injury. Intestinal I/R was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 90 min followed by reperfusion for 60 min or 3 days. R1 (10 mg·kg(-1)·h(-1)) was administered either 20 min before ischemia or 20 min after reperfusion. Intestinal microcirculation was evaluated by intravital microscopy over 60 min reperfusion. Sixty minutes or 3 days after reperfusion, rats were killed for histological examination of the jejunum tissue and immunohistochemical localization of myeloperoxidase and CD68. ATP, ADP, and AMP content in jejunum tissue was assessed by ELISA. Activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and expression of ATP5D and tight junction proteins were determined by Western blotting. The results demonstrated that R1 is capable of attenuating intestinal I/R-induced microvascular hyperpermeability, inflammatory cytokine production, NF-κB activation, and loss of tight junction proteins, as well as improving energy metabolism during I/R. The results of the present study suggest R1 as an option in protecting against intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- Dept. of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Univ., 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
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Cardiotonic pill attenuates white matter and hippocampal damage via inhibiting microglial activation and downregulating ERK and p38 MAPK signaling in chronic cerebral hypoperfused rat. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:334. [PMID: 24274593 PMCID: PMC4222777 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The cardiotonic pill (CP) is a herbal medicine composed of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), Panax notoginseng (PN), and Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertner (DAG) that is widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases. The present experiment was conducted to examine the effects of CP on white matter and hippocampal damage induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Methods Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was induced in male Wistar rats by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAo). Daily oral administration of CP (200 mg/kg) began 21 days after BCCAo and continued for 42 days. The levels of microglial activation and myelin basic protein (MBP) were measured in the white matter and hippocampus of rats with chronic BCCAo, and the expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and inflammatory markers such as cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were examined. Results MBP expression was reduced in the white matter and hippocampal regions of rats that received BCCAo. In contrast, reduced levels of MBP were not observed in BCCAo rats given CP treatments. The administration of CP alleviated microglial activation, the alteration of ERK and p38 MAPK signaling, and inflammatory mediator expression in rats with chronic BCCAo. Conclusion These results suggest that CP may have protective effects against chronic BCCAo-induced white matter and hippocampal damage by inhibiting inflammatory processes including microglial activation and proinflammatory mediator expression, and downreguating the hyperphosphorylation of ERK and p38 MAPK signaling.
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Lin SQ, Wei XH, Huang P, Liu YY, Zhao N, Li Q, Pan CS, Hu BH, Chang X, Fan JY, Yang XY, Wang CS, Liu HN, Han JY. QiShenYiQi Pills® prevents cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury via energy modulation. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:967-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase Mediates Protective Effect of Cardiotonic Pills against Rat Heart Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:728020. [PMID: 23840265 PMCID: PMC3690747 DOI: 10.1155/2013/728020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiotonic pill (CP) is a compound Chinese medicine currently used in China for treatment of ischemic angina pectoris. Our previous results indicated that a single dosing of CP pretreatment at 0.8 g/kg attenuates ischemia/reperfusion- (I/R-) induced myocardial injury and cardiac microcirculatory disturbance. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of CP at low dosage in a multiple dosing manner and to uncover the mechanism of antioxidative activity of CP. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left anterior descending artery occlusion for 30 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. CP was administrated daily by gavage for six days at 0.1, 0.4, and 0.8 g/kg/day before I/R. Results showed that multiple dosing of CP at three doses significantly reduced I/R-induced myocardial injury, microcirculatory disturbance, and oxidative stress. CP dramatically inhibited I/R-induced nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunit gp91(phox) expression and p67(phox) and p47(phox) translocation from cytosol to cell membrane. Translocation of cytosolic subunits to membrane is required for the activation of NADPH oxidase. These data suggested that multiple dosing of CP at doses ranging from 0.1 to 0.8 g/kg/day reduced I/R-induced rat myocardial injury and microcirculatory disturbance, which was mediated by inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation.
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Huang Qi Jian Zhong Pellet Attenuates TNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats via Mechanisms Involving Improvement of Energy Metabolism. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:574629. [PMID: 23840258 PMCID: PMC3690262 DOI: 10.1155/2013/574629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Huang Qi Jian Zhong Pellet (HQJZ) is a famous Chinese medicine formula for treatment of various gastrointestinal tract diseases. This study investigated the role of HQJZ in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid- (TNBS-) induced colitis and its underlying mechanism. Colonic mucosal injury was induced by TNBS in the Sprague-Dawley rats. In the HQJZ treatment group, HQJZ was administered (2 g/kg) for 14 days starting from day 1 after TNBS infusion. Colonic mucosal injury occurred obviously 1 day after TNBS challenge and did not recover distinctively until day 15, including an increase in macro- and microscopic scores, a colonic weight index, a decrease in colonic length, a number of functional capillaries, and blood flow. Inverted intravital microscopy and ELISA showed colonic microcirculatory disturbances and inflammatory responses after TNBS stimulation, respectively. TNBS decreased occludin, RhoA, and ROCK-I, while increasing Rac-1, PAK-1, and phosphorylated myosin light chain. In addition, ATP content and ATP5D expression in colonic mucosa decreased after TNBS challenge. Impressively, treatment with HQJZ significantly attenuated all of the alterations evoked by TNBS, promoting the recovery of colonic injury. The present study demonstrated HQJZ as a multitargeting management for colonic mucosal injury, which set in motion mechanisms involving improvement of energy metabolism.
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Tian GH, Sun K, Huang P, Zhou CM, Yao HJ, Huo ZJ, Hao HF, Yang L, Pan CS, He K, Fan JY, Li ZG, Han JY. Long-Term Stimulation with Electroacupuncture at DU20 and ST36 Rescues Hippocampal Neuron through Attenuating Cerebral Blood Flow in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:482947. [PMID: 23662137 PMCID: PMC3626240 DOI: 10.1155/2013/482947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of long-term electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Zusanli (ST36) on cerebral microvessels and neurons in CA1 region of hippocampus in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). A total of 45 male Wistar rats and 45 SHR were randomly grouped, with or without electroacupuncture (EA) at DU20 and ST36, once every other day for a period of 8 weeks. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured once every 2 weeks. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the number of open microvessels in hippocampal CA1 region were detected by Laser Doppler and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Nissl staining and Western blotting were performed, respectively, to determine hippocampus morphology and proteins that were implicated in the concerning signaling pathways. The results showed that the MAP in SHR increased linearly over the observation period and was significantly reduced following electroacupuncture as compared with sham control SHR rats, while no difference was observed in Wistar rats between EA and sham control. The CBF, learning and memory capacity, and capillary rarefaction of SHR were improved by EA. The upregulation of angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), endothelin receptor (ETAR), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in SHR rats was attenuated by electroacupuncture, suggesting an implication of AT1R, ETAR, and ET-1 pathway in the effect of EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hua Tian
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 101121, China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chang-Man Zhou
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hai-Jiang Yao
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ze-Jun Huo
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hui-Feng Hao
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ke He
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Li
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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QiShenYiQi Pills, a Compound Chinese Medicine, Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Myocardial Structure Damage and Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:480597. [PMID: 23533487 PMCID: PMC3600323 DOI: 10.1155/2013/480597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
QiShenYiQi Pills (QSYQ) is a compound Chinese medicine used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The present study investigated the effects of QSYQ on the Doxorubicin- (DOX-) induced disorders in rat cardiac structure and function and the possible mechanism underlying. A total of 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated by intraperitoneal injections with DOX at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, once every day for a total of 6 times. After the 6th injection, the rats were evaluated by echocardiographic analysis, and the animals with injured heart (n = 14) were divided into 2 groups and further treated with (n = 7) or without (n = 7) QSYQ by gavage at a dose of 0.2 g/day, once a day, over the next 2 weeks. Two weeks after QSYQ treatment, the following variables were assessed: myocardial blood flow (MBF) by Laser-Doppler Perfusion Imager, the ratio of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW), myocardial histology, myocardial content of ATP, AMP, free fatty acids (FFAs) and AMP/ATP by ELISA, and expression of PPARα, PGC-1α, and ATP 5D by Western blot. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Turkey test for multiple comparisons. DOX challenge significantly increased left ventricular internal diameter and HW/BW and decreased the thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall, the left ventricle ejection fraction, and the left ventricle fractional shortening. DOX also increased AMP, FFA, and AMP/ATP, decreased ATP, and downregulated the protein content of ATP 5D, PPAR α, and PGC-1 α. All these DOX-induced cardiac insults were attenuated significantly by QSYQ treatment. These results show the potential of QSYQ to ameliorate DOX-induced disorders in cardiac structure and function; this effect may be related to the increase in myocardial ATP content via the upregulation of ATP 5D, PPAR α, and PGC-1 α and the oxidation of FFA.
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Wei XH, Liu YY, Li Q, Yan L, Hu BH, Pan CS, Li ZX, Chang X, Fan JY, Zhao N, Sun K, Huang P, Wang CS, Fan TP, Han JY. Treatment with Cardiotonic Pills®after Ischemia-Reperfusion Ameliorates Myocardial Fibrosis in Rats. Microcirculation 2013; 20:17-29. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tai-Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacology; Trinity College, University of Cambridge; Cambridge; UK
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Liang Z, Liu LF, Yao TM, Huo Y, Han YL. Cardioprotective effects of Guanxinshutong (GXST) against myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion injury in rats. J Geriatr Cardiol 2012; 9:130-6. [PMID: 22916058 PMCID: PMC3418901 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1263.2011.11261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The protective effects against reperfusion injury of cardioprotective drugs have recently been evaluated and found to be inadequate. Guanxinshutong (GXST), a combination of the traditional herb and Mongolian medicine, is effective and safe in treating angina pectoris in clinical trials. We assess the cardioprotective effects of GXST against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI/R) injury in rats and explore its possible mechanism. Methods Forty-five male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: non-MI/R group (Sham, n = 15), MI/R group treated with vehicle (Control, n = 15) and MI/R group treated with GXST (Drug, n = 15). MI/R was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 30 minutes, followed by 2/24 hour reperfusion in the Control and Drug groups. In the Sham group, the LAD was exposed without occlusion. GXST powder (in the Drug group) or saline (in the Control and Sham groups) were administered via direct gastric gavage from 7 day prior to surgery. Blood samples were collected from the carotid artery (10 rats each group) after 2 hours of reperfusion, to determine the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The animals were then sacrificed and the hearts were harvested for histopathology and western blot analysis. Infarct size was measured in the remaining five rats in each group after 24 hours reperfusion. Results GXST significantly decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, ICAM-1, apoptosis index (AI) and infarct size. GXST also obviously inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity when compared with the Control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions GXST is effective in protecting the myocardium against MI/R injury in rats. Its possible cardioprotective mechanism involves inhibition of the inflammatory response and apoptosis following MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenyang Northern Hospital, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
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Tang Y, Wang M, Chen C, Le X, Sun S, Yin Y. Cardiovascular protection with danshensu in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 34:1596-601. [PMID: 21963501 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cardiovascular protective effects of Danshensu, a water-soluble active component of Danshen, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR (male, 9 weeks old, n=30) were divided into three groups: 1) saline control (n=10); 2) a Danshensu (10 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) treatment group (n=10); and 3) a Valsartan (10 mg/kg/d, intragastrically (i.g.)) treatment group (n=10). Age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (n=10) were used as normotensive controls. Saline and drug treatments were administered for 6 weeks. When the rats were 15 weeks old, their hearts were excised and arrhythmias were induced by an ex vivo ischemia/reperfusion protocol. The heart weight to body weight index was significantly increased in SHR, and this increase was attenuated with Danshensu treatment (both p<0.05). Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were also decreased with Danshensu treatment, from 145±3 and 103±10 mmHg to 116±7 and 87±2 mmHg in SHR and Danshensu-treated groups, respectively (both p<0.05). The incidences of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation decreased from 100 to 50% and 30% in SHR, respectively, with Danshensu treatment (both p<0.05). Serum nitric oxide content and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity were significantly increased with Danshensu (both p<0.05). In addition, Danshensu increased the K(+) current density and Ca(2+) activated K(+) channel current density of mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from SHRs. Together, these results demonstrate that Danshensu imparts cardiovascular protection by modifying vascular responses during the progression of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Tang
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Dow J, Painovich J, Hale SL, Tjen-A-Looi S, Longhurst JC, Kloner RA. Absence of actions of commonly used Chinese herbal medicines and electroacupuncture on myocardial infarct size. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2012; 17:403-11. [PMID: 22549008 DOI: 10.1177/1074248412443310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have suggested that certain Chinese herbal remedies and acupuncture could limit ischemia/reperfusion damage. We sought to determine whether the commonly used single herb Danshen (DS), either alone or in combination with Jiang Xiang (JX), or electroacupuncture (EA) reduces myocardial infarct size. METHODS An anesthetized rat model of proximal left coronary artery occlusion (30 minutes) and reperfusion (180 minutes) was used to measure infarct size (triphenyltetrazolium chloride) and ischemic risk zone (blue dye technique). Rats were either untreated (saline) or received an infusion of DS or DS + JX, starting 30 minutes prior to coronary occlusion. In a separate protocol, rats were untreated, received static needle (ND) placement without stimulation or EA at P5-P6 acupuncture points in the rat forearm starting 5 minutes before occlusion and lasting for 40 minutes, or starting 30 minutes before occlusion and lasting for 90 minutes. RESULTS In the herbal experiments, myocardial infarct size expressed as a fraction of the ischemic risk zone was 0.43 ± 0.06 in controls, 0.39 ± 0.05 in the DS group, and 0.42 ± 0.04 in the Danshen + JX groups (P = not significant [NS]). In the acupuncture study, there was no significant difference in infarct size as a fraction of the risk zone among the control group (0.38 ± 0.04), the ND group (0.47 ± 0.04), or the EA group (0.32 ± 0.05). When EA was started 30 minutes prior to coronary occlusion and continued for 30 minutes into reperfusion, infarct size was 0.41 ± 0.07 in controls and 0.38 ± 0.10 in EA (P = NS). Neither herbs nor EA altered heart rate or blood pressure. In a separate study of 5 minutes of coronary occlusion plus reperfusion, EA failed to reduce ventricular arrhythmias. CONCLUSION Our studies do not suggest a cardioprotective effect of DS or DS + JX or EA in an experimental model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Dow
- Heart Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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WANG FANG, HU QIN, CHEN CHUNHUA, XU XIANGSHUN, ZHOU CHANGMAN, ZHAO YAFANG, HU BAIHE, CHANG XIN, HUANG PING, YANG LEI, LIU YUYING, WANG CHUANSHE, FAN JINGYU, ZHANG KE, LI GUOYU, WANG JINGHUI, HAN JINGYAN. The Protective Effect of Cerebralcare Granule® on Brain Edema, Cerebral Microcirculatory Disturbance, and Neuron Injury in a Focal Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model. Microcirculation 2012; 19:260-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1549-8719.2011.00155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Cardiovascular actions and therapeutic potential of tanshinone IIA. Atherosclerosis 2012; 220:3-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Revised: 06/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tu Y. The discovery of artemisinin (qinghaosu) and gifts from Chinese medicine. Nat Med 2011; 17:1217-20. [PMID: 21989013 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 777] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youyou Tu
- Qinghaosu Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Ng CF, Koon CM, Cheung DWS, Lam MY, Leung PC, Lau CBS, Fung KP. The anti-hypertensive effect of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) and Gegen (Pueraria lobata) formula in rats and its underlying mechanisms of vasorelaxation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:1366-1372. [PMID: 21855622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (Danshen) and Radix Puerariae lobatae (Gegen) have long been used in traditional Chinese Medicine and serve as the principal herbs in treating cardiovascular disease. AIMS OF THE STUDY In the present study, an aqueous extract comprising Danshen and Gegen in the ratio of 7:3 (DG) was investigated for its anti-hypertension in vivo and vasodilative activities ex vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-hypertensive effect of DG extract was investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) by measuring systolic blood pressure (SBP). Oral administration of DG extract was started at age of 6 weeks and 14 weeks for the preventive and therapeutic studies, respectively. Blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method biweekly for 12 weeks. The ex vivo vasodilative activities of DG extract, its dependency on endothelium and the involvement of nitric oxide, prostacyclin and potassium channels were investigated using isolated rat aorta ring in organ bath. RESULTS For in vivo study, systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced in DG extract-treated groups (90.2 and 300 mg/kg) as compared with the SHR control in both preventive and therapeutic studies. However, DG extract was unable to suppress or delay the onset of hypertension in the preventive study. For ex vivo study, the results showed that DG extract induced a concentration-dependent relaxation in aorta and persisted response was observed with the removal of endothelium. Besides, pretreatment with a non-selective potassium channel inhibitor tetraethylammonium (TEA) also significantly inhibited DG extract-induced vasodilation. Further investigations on specific potassium channel blockers revealed that ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel inhibitor glibenclamide, inward rectifier potassium (Kir) inhibitor barium chloride and voltage-dependent potassium (K(v)) channel inhibitor 4-aminopyridine, but not BK(Ca) channel inhibitor iberiotoxin, exerted significant inhibition on DG extract-induced vasodilation. CONCLUSIONS The results of in vivo SHR animal model suggested that DG aqueous extract possessed blood pressure lowering effect on both pre- and post-hypertensive rats, which could be explained by its endothelium-independent vasodilation via the opening of K(ATP), Kir and K(v) channels.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage
- Antihypertensive Agents/isolation & purification
- Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Epoprostenol/metabolism
- Hypertension/drug therapy
- Hypertension/metabolism
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Hypertension/prevention & control
- KATP Channels/drug effects
- KATP Channels/metabolism
- Male
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Plants, Medicinal
- Potassium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/drug effects
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/metabolism
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/drug effects
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/metabolism
- Pueraria/chemistry
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Salvia miltiorrhiza/chemistry
- Time Factors
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage
- Vasodilator Agents/isolation & purification
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Ng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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50
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Lord K, Moll D, Lindsey JK, Mahne S, Raman G, Dugas T, Cormier S, Troxlair D, Lomnicki S, Dellinger B, Varner K. Environmentally persistent free radicals decrease cardiac function before and after ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2011; 31:157-67. [PMID: 21385100 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2011.555767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to airborne particles is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. During the combustion of chlorine-containing hazardous materials and fuels, chlorinated hydrocarbons chemisorb to the surface of transition metal-oxide-containing particles, reduce the metal, and form an organic free radical. These radical-particle systems can survive in the environment for days and are called environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs). This study determined whether EPFRs could decrease left ventricular function before and after ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) in vivo. Male Brown-Norway rats were dosed (8 mg/kg, intratracheal) 24 h prior to testing with particles containing the EPFR of 1, 2-dichlorobenzene (DCB230). DCB230 treatment decreased systolic and diastolic function. DCB230 also produced pulmonary and cardiac inflammation. After ischemia, systolic, but not diastolic function was significantly decreased in DCB230-treated rats. Ventricular function was not affected by I/R in control rats. There was greater oxidative stress in the heart and increased 8-isoprostane (biomarker of oxidative stress) in the plasma of treated vs. control rats after I/R. These data demonstrate for the first time that DCB230 can produce inflammation and significantly decrease cardiac function at baseline and after I/R in vivo. Furthermore, these data suggest that EPFRs may be a risk factor for cardiac toxicity in healthy individuals and individuals with ischemic heart disease. Potential mechanisms involving cytokines/chemokines and/or oxidative stress are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Lord
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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