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Gao M, Zhu X, Gao X, Yang H, Li H, Du Y, Gao J, Chen Z, Dong H, Wang B, Zhang L. Kaempferol mitigates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by modulating the SphK1/S1P/S1PR1/MLC2 signaling pathway to restore the integrity of the pulmonary endothelial cell barrier. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 398:111085. [PMID: 38823539 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI) is the common complication of sepsis, resulting in high incidence and mortality rates. The primary pathogenesis of SALI is the interplay between acute inflammation and endothelial barrier damage. Studies have shown that kaempferol (KPF) has anti-sepsis properties. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1)/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway's significance in acute lung damage and S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) agonists potential in myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) phosphorylation are documented. Whether KPF can regulate the SphK1/S1P/S1PR1/MLC2 signaling pathway to protect the lung endothelial barrier remains unclear. This study investigates the KPF's therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms in repairing endothelial cell barrier damage in both LPS-induced sepsis mice and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). KPF significantly reduced lung tissue damage and showed anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing IL-6 and TNF-α synthesis in the sepsis mice model. Further, KPF administration can reduce the high permeability of the LPS-induced endothelial cell barrier and alleviate lung endothelial cell barrier injury. Mechanistic studies showed that KPF pretreatment can suppress MLC2 hyperphosphorylation and decrease SphK1, S1P, and S1PR1 levels. The SphK1/S1P/S1PR1/MLC2 signaling pathway controls the downstream proteins linked to endothelial barrier damage, and the Western blot (WB) showed that KPF raised the protein levels. These proteins include zonula occludens (ZO)-1, vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and Occludin. The present work revealed that in mice exhibiting sepsis triggered by LPS, KPF strengthened the endothelial barrier and reduced the inflammatory response. The SphK1/S1P/S1PR1/MLC2 pathway's modulation is the mechanism underlying this impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - XiaoJin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Haixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Yuan Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Zhuoxi Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Hanpeng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Binsheng Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
| | - Leiming Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
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Niazy AA, Lambarte RNA, Sumague TS, Vigilla MGB, Bin Shwish NM, Kamalan R, Daeab EK, Aljehani NM. FTY720 Reduces the Biomass of Biofilms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Dose-Dependent Manner. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:621. [PMID: 39061303 PMCID: PMC11273553 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13070621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a nosocomial pathogen, has strong biofilm capabilities, representing the main source of infection in the human body. Repurposing existing drugs has been explored as an alternative strategy to combat emerging antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Fingolimod hydrochloride (FTY720), an immunomodulatory drug for multiple sclerosis, has shown promising antimicrobial effects against some ESKAPE pathogens. Therefore, the effects of FTY720 on the biofilm capabilities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated in this study. It was determined that FTY720 inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa PAO1 at 100 µM. The significant reduction in PAO1 cell viability was observed to be dose-dependent. Additional cytotoxicity analysis on human cell lines showed that FTY720 significantly reduced viabilities at sub-inhibitory concentrations of 25-50 µM. Microtiter assays and confocal analysis confirmed reductions in biofilm mass and thickness and the cell survivability ratio in the presence of FTY720. Similarly, virulence production and biofilm-related gene expression (rhlA, rhlB, pilA, pilI, fliC, fliD and algR) were determined. The results demonstrate that pigment production was affected and quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed a variable degree of reduced gene expression in response to FTY720 at 12.5-50 µM. These findings suggest that FTY720 could be repurposed as an alternative antibiofilm agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurahman A. Niazy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Prince Naif bin AbdulAziz Health Research Center, College of Dentistry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (R.N.A.L.); (T.S.S.); (N.M.B.S.)
| | - Rhodanne Nicole A. Lambarte
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Prince Naif bin AbdulAziz Health Research Center, College of Dentistry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (R.N.A.L.); (T.S.S.); (N.M.B.S.)
| | - Terrence S. Sumague
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Prince Naif bin AbdulAziz Health Research Center, College of Dentistry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (R.N.A.L.); (T.S.S.); (N.M.B.S.)
| | - Mary Grace B. Vigilla
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Prince Naif bin AbdulAziz Health Research Center, College of Dentistry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (R.N.A.L.); (T.S.S.); (N.M.B.S.)
| | - Najla M. Bin Shwish
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Prince Naif bin AbdulAziz Health Research Center, College of Dentistry, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (R.N.A.L.); (T.S.S.); (N.M.B.S.)
| | - Ranan Kamalan
- Research Center, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eid Khulaif Daeab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nami M. Aljehani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Price DR, Garcia JGN. A Razor's Edge: Vascular Responses to Acute Inflammatory Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Annu Rev Physiol 2024; 86:505-529. [PMID: 38345908 PMCID: PMC11259086 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042222-030731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Historically considered a metabolically inert cellular layer separating the blood from the underlying tissue, the endothelium is now recognized as a highly dynamic, metabolically active tissue that is critical to organ homeostasis. Under homeostatic conditions, lung endothelial cells (ECs) in healthy subjects are quiescent, promoting vasodilation, platelet disaggregation, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In contrast, lung ECs are essential contributors to the pathobiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as the quiescent endothelium is rapidly and radically altered upon exposure to environmental stressors, infectious pathogens, or endogenous danger signals into an effective and formidable regulator of innate and adaptive immunity. These dramatic perturbations, produced in a tsunami of inflammatory cascade activation, result in paracellular gap formation between lung ECs, sustained lung edema, and multi-organ dysfunction that drives ARDS mortality. The astonishing plasticity of the lung endothelium in negotiating this inflammatory environment and efforts to therapeutically target the aberrant ARDS endothelium are examined in further detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Price
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Center for Inflammation Sciences and Systems Medicine, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA;
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Said KB, Alsolami A, Alshammari KF, Alshammari F, Alhallabi SA, Alafnan SF, Moussa S, Bashir AI, Alshurtan KS, Aboras R, Sogeir EK, Alnajib AMA, Alotaibi AD, Ahmed RME. A Sequent of Gram-Negative Co-Infectome-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Are Potentially Subtle Aggravators Associated to the SARS-CoV-2 Evolution of Virulence. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:120. [PMID: 38201429 PMCID: PMC10802668 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the major problems in COVID-19 that is not well understood. ARDS is usually complicated by co-infections in hospitals. Although ARDS is inherited by Europeans and Africans, this is not clear for those from the Middle East. There are severe limitations in correlations made between COVID-19, ARDS, co-infectome, and patient demographics. We investigated 298 patients for associations of ARDS, coinfections, and patient demographics on COVID-19 patients' outcomes. Of the 149 patients examined for ARDS during COVID-19, 16 had an incidence with a higher case fatality rate (CFR) of 75.0% compared to those without ARDS (27.0%) (p value = 0.0001). The co-infectome association showed a CFR of 31.3% in co-infected patients; meanwhile, only 4.8% of those without co-infections (p value = 0.01) died. The major bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli, either alone or in a mixed infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of COVID-19 patients with and without ARDS revealed a significant difference in the survival time of patients with ARDS (58.8 +/- 2.7 days) and without ARDS (41.9 +/- 1.8 days) (p value = 0.0002). These findings prove that increased hospital time was risky for co-infectome-induced SDRS later on. This also explained that while empiric therapy and lethal ventilations delayed the mortality in 75% of patients, they potentially did not help those without co-infection or ARDS who stayed for shorter times. In addition, the age of patients (n = 298) was significantly associated with ARDS (72.9 +/- 8.9) compared to those without it (56.2 +/- 15.1) and was irrespective of gender. However, there were no significant differences neither in the age of admitted patients before COVID-19 (58.5 +/- 15.3) and during COVID-19 (57.2 +/- 15.5) nor in the gender and COVID-19 fatality (p value 0.546). Thus, Gram-negative co-infectome potentially induced fatal ARDS, aggravating the COVID-19 outcome. These findings are important for the specific differential diagnosis of patients with and without ARDS and co-infections. Future vertical investigations on mechanisms of Gram-negative-induced ARDS are imperative since hypervirulent strains are rapidly circulating. This study was limited as it was a single-center study confined to Ha'il hospitals; a large-scale investigation in major national hospitals would gain more insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaleldin B. Said
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia (R.M.E.A.)
- Genomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel-By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Ahmed Alsolami
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid F. Alshammari
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alshammari
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaf A. Alhallabi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia (R.M.E.A.)
| | - Shahad F. Alafnan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia (R.M.E.A.)
| | - Safia Moussa
- Department of Microbiology, King Salman Specialist Hospital, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelhafiz I. Bashir
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kareemah S. Alshurtan
- Departments of Intensive Care, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Aboras
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab K. Sogeir
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alfatih M. A. Alnajib
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah D. Alotaibi
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ruba M. Elsaid Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55476, Saudi Arabia (R.M.E.A.)
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Chen X, Chen J, Liu S, Li X. Everolimus-induced hyperpermeability of endothelial cells causes lung injury. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2440-2448. [PMID: 38158699 PMCID: PMC10903245 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231220672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, everolimus (but not dactolisib), is frequently associated with lung injury in clinical therapies. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Endothelial cell barrier dysfunction plays a major role in the pathogenesis of the lung injury. This study hypothesizes that everolimus increases pulmonary endothelial permeability, which leads to lung injury. We tested the effects of everolimus on human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (HPMEC) permeability and a mouse model of intraperitoneal injection of everolimus was established to investigate the effect of everolimus on pulmonary vascular permeability. Our data showed that everolimus increased human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (HPMEC) permeability which was associated with MLC phosphorylation and F-actin stress fiber formation. Furthermore, everolimus induced an increasing concentration of intracellular calcium Ca2+ leakage in HPMECs and this was normalized with ryanodine pretreatment. In addition, ryanodine decreased everolimus-induced phosphorylation of PKCα and MLC, and barrier disruption in HPMECs. Consistent with in vitro data, everolimus treatment caused a visible lung-vascular barrier dysfunction, including an increase in protein in BALF and lung capillary-endothelial permeability, which was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with an inhibitor of PKCα, MLCK, and ryanodine. This study shows that everolimus induced pulmonary endothelial hyper-permeability, at least partly, in an MLC phosphorylation-mediated EC contraction which is influenced in a Ca2+-dependent manner and can lead to lung injury through mTOR-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337000, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Clinical College of Gannan Medical University, Pingxiang 337000, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337000, China
| | - Shuihong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337000, China
| | - Xianfan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337000, China
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6
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Sun G, Wang B, Zhu H, Ye J, Liu X. Role of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in sepsis-associated intestinal injury. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1265398. [PMID: 37746079 PMCID: PMC10514503 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1265398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a widespread lipid signaling molecule that binds to five sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) to regulate downstream signaling pathways. Sepsis can cause intestinal injury and intestinal injury can aggravate sepsis. Thus, intestinal injury and sepsis are mutually interdependent. S1P is more abundant in intestinal tissues as compared to other tissues, exerts anti-inflammatory effects, promotes immune cell trafficking, and protects the intestinal barrier. Despite the clinical importance of S1P in inflammation, with a very well-defined mechanism in inflammatory bowel disease, their role in sepsis-induced intestinal injury has been relatively unexplored. In addition to regulating lymphocyte exit, the S1P-S1PR pathway has been implicated in the gut microbiota, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and immune cells in the lamina propria. This review mainly elaborates on the physiological role of S1P in sepsis, focusing on intestinal injury. We introduce the generation and metabolism of S1P, emphasize the maintenance of intestinal barrier homeostasis in sepsis, and the protective effect of S1P in the intestine. We also review the link between sepsis-induced intestinal injury and S1P-S1PRs signaling, as well as the underlying mechanisms of action. Finally, we discuss how S1PRs affect intestinal function and become targets for future drug development to improve the translational capacity of preclinical studies to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehui Sun
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongquan Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junming Ye
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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7
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Ke Y, Karki P, Li Y, Promnares K, Zhang CO, Eggerman TL, Bocharov AV, Birukova AA, Birukov KG. Aging-Related Accumulation of Truncated Oxidized Phospholipids Augments Infectious Lung Injury and Endothelial Dysfunction via Cluster of Differentiation 36-Dependent Mechanism. Cells 2023; 12:1937. [PMID: 37566016 PMCID: PMC10416939 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Truncated phospholipid oxidation products (Tr-OxPL) increase in blood circulation with aging; however, their role in the severity of vascular dysfunction and bacterial lung injury in aging groups remains poorly understood. We investigated the effects of six Tr-OxPL species: KOdiA-PC, POVPC, PONPC, PGPC, Paz-PC, and Lyso-PC on endothelial dysfunction and lung inflammation caused by heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus (HKSA) in young (aged 2-4 months) and old (aged 12-18 months) mice, organotypic culture of precisely cut lung slices, and endothelial cells (mLEC) isolated from young and old mice. HKSA and Tr-OxPL combination caused a higher degree of vascular leak, the accumulation of inflammatory cells and protein in bronchoalveolar lavage, and inflammatory gene expression in old mice lungs. HKSA caused a greater magnitude of inflammatory gene activation in cell and ex vivo cultures from old mice, which was further augmented by Tr-OxPLs. L37pA peptide targeting CD36 receptor attenuated Tr-OxPL-induced endothelial cell permeability in young and old mLEC and ameliorated KOdiA-PC-induced vascular leak and lung inflammation in vivo. Finally, CD36 knockout mice showed better resistance to KOdiA-PC-induced lung injury in both age groups. These results demonstrate the aging-dependent vulnerability of pulmonary vasculature to elevated Tr-OxPL, which exacerbates bacterial lung injury. CD36 inhibition is a promising therapeutic approach for improving pneumonia outcomes in aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Pratap Karki
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (P.K.)
| | - Yue Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (P.K.)
| | - Kamoltip Promnares
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Chen-Ou Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (P.K.)
| | - Thomas L. Eggerman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander V. Bocharov
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Anna A. Birukova
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (P.K.)
| | - Konstantin G. Birukov
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Molecular and Source-Specific Profiling of Hospital Staphylococcus aureus Reveal Dominance of Skin Infection and Age-Specific Selections in Pediatrics and Geriatrics. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010149. [PMID: 36677441 PMCID: PMC9862673 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human-associated pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. However, the increased human dynamics and the changing epidemiology of the species have made it imperative to understand the population structure of local ecotypes, their transmission dynamics, and the emergence of new strains. Since the previous methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) pandemic, there has been a steady increase in global healthcare-associated infections involving cutaneous and soft tissue and resulting in high morbidities and mortalities. Limited data and paucity of high-quality evidence exist for many key clinical questions about the pattern of S. aureus infections. Using clinical, molecular, and epidemiological characterizations of isolates, hospital data on age and infection sites, as well as antibiograms, we have investigated profiles of circulating S. aureus types and infection patterns. We showed that age-specific profiling in both intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU revealed highest infection rates (94.7%) in senior-patients > 50 years; most of which were MRSA (81.99%). However, specific distributions of geriatric MRSA and MSSA rates were 46.5% and 4.6% in ICU and 35.48% and 8.065% in non-ICU, respectively. Intriguingly, the age groups 0−20 years showed uniquely similar MRSA patterns in ICU and non-ICU patients (13.9% and 9.7%, respectively) and MSSA in ICU (11.6%). The similar frequencies of both lineages in youth at both settings is consistent with their increased socializations and gathering strongly implying carriage and potential evolutionary replacement of MSSA by MRSA. However, in age groups 20−50 years, MRSA was two-fold higher in non-ICU (35%) than ICU (18.6%). Interestingly, a highly significant association was found between infection-site and age-groups (p-value 0.000). Skin infections remained higher in all ages; pediatrics 32.14%, adults 56%, and seniors 25% while respiratory infections were lower in pediatrics (14.3%) and adults (17%) while it was highest in seniors (38%). Blood and “other” sites in pediatrics were recorded (28.6%; 25%, respectively), and were slightly lower in adults (18.6%; 8.6%) and seniors (14%; 22.8%), respectively. Furthermore, a significant association existed between infection-site and MRSA (Chi-Square Test, p-value 0.002). Thus, the common cutaneous infections across all age-groups imply that skin is a significant reservoir for endogenous infections; particularly, for geriatrics MRSA. These findings have important clinical implications and in understanding S. aureus profiles and transmission dynamics across different age groups that is necessary for strategic planning in patient management and infection control.
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9
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Wang Y, Zhu CL, Li P, Liu Q, Li HR, Yu CM, Deng XM, Wang JF. The role of G protein-coupled receptor in neutrophil dysfunction during sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1112196. [PMID: 36891309 PMCID: PMC9986442 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1112196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection. It is a common and complex syndrome and is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. The lungs are most vulnerable to the challenge of sepsis, and the incidence of respiratory dysfunction has been reported to be up to 70%, in which neutrophils play a major role. Neutrophils are the first line of defense against infection, and they are regarded as the most responsive cells in sepsis. Normally, neutrophils recognize chemokines including the bacterial product N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), complement 5a (C5a), and lipid molecules Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), and enter the site of infection through mobilization, rolling, adhesion, migration, and chemotaxis. However, numerous studies have confirmed that despite the high levels of chemokines in septic patients and mice at the site of infection, the neutrophils cannot migrate to the proper target location, but instead they accumulate in the lungs, releasing histones, DNA, and proteases that mediate tissue damage and induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This is closely related to impaired neutrophil migration in sepsis, but the mechanism involved is still unclear. Many studies have shown that chemokine receptor dysregulation is an important cause of impaired neutrophil migration, and the vast majority of these chemokine receptors belong to the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways by which neutrophil GPCR regulates chemotaxis and the mechanisms by which abnormal GPCR function in sepsis leads to impaired neutrophil chemotaxis, which can further cause ARDS. Several potential targets for intervention are proposed to improve neutrophil chemotaxis, and we hope that this review may provide insights for clinical practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Long Zhu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Ru Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Chang-Meng Yu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Deng
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Faculty of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Qi Q, Xu J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Gao M, Li Y, Dong L. Decreased Sphingosine Due to Down-Regulation of Acid Ceramidase Expression in Airway of Bronchiectasis Patients: A Potential Contributor to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:2573-2588. [PMID: 37144155 PMCID: PMC10153545 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s407335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the metabolites associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection by analyzing the microbial diversity and metabolomics in lower respiratory tract of bronchiectasis patients and to explore the therapeutic approaches for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Methods Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from bronchiectasis patients and controls were analyzed by 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing, and metabolomic analysis was performed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. A co-culture model of air-liquid interface cultured human bronchial epithelial cell with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was constructed to verify the correlation between sphingosine metabolism, acid ceramidase expression, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Results After screening, 54 bronchiectasis patients and 12 healthy controls were included. Sphingosine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were positively correlated with lower respiratory tract microbial diversity and negatively correlated with the abundance of Pseudomonas spp. Moreover, sphingosine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and acid ceramidase expression levels in lung tissue specimens were significantly lower in bronchiectasis patients than in healthy controls. Sphingosine levels and acid ceramidase expression levels were also significantly lower in bronchiectasis patients with positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures than in bronchiectasis patients without Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Acid ceramidase expression in air-liquid interface cultured human bronchial epithelial cell had significantly increased after 6 h of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, while it had decreased significantly after 24 h of infection. In vitro experiments showed that sphingosine had a bactericidal effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa by directly disrupting its cell wall and cell membrane. Furthermore, adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on bronchial epithelial cells was significantly reduced after sphingosine supplementation. Conclusion Down-regulation of acid ceramidase expression in airway epithelial cells of bronchiectasis patients leads to insufficient metabolism of sphingosine, which has a bactericidal effect, and consequently weakens the clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; thus, a vicious circle is formed. Exogenous supplementation with sphingosine aids bronchial epithelial cells in resisting Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qi
- Department of Respiratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of Respiratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Gao
- Department of Respiratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Respiratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Respiratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Liang Dong, Department of Respiratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, #16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250014, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13505401207, Email
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11
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Bandela M, Belvitch P, Garcia JGN, Dudek SM. Cortactin in Lung Cell Function and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4606. [PMID: 35562995 PMCID: PMC9101201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortactin (CTTN) is an actin-binding and cytoskeletal protein that is found in abundance in the cell cortex and other peripheral structures of most cell types. It was initially described as a target for Src-mediated phosphorylation at several tyrosine sites within CTTN, and post-translational modifications at these tyrosine sites are a primary regulator of its function. CTTN participates in multiple cellular functions that require cytoskeletal rearrangement, including lamellipodia formation, cell migration, invasion, and various other processes dependent upon the cell type involved. The role of CTTN in vascular endothelial cells is particularly important for promoting barrier integrity and inhibiting vascular permeability and tissue edema. To mediate its functional effects, CTTN undergoes multiple post-translational modifications and interacts with numerous other proteins to alter cytoskeletal structures and signaling mechanisms. In the present review, we briefly describe CTTN structure, post-translational modifications, and protein binding partners and then focus on its role in regulating cellular processes and well-established functional mechanisms, primarily in vascular endothelial cells and disease models. We then provide insights into how CTTN function affects the pathophysiology of multiple lung disorders, including acute lung injury syndromes, COPD, and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounica Bandela
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Patrick Belvitch
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | - Steven M. Dudek
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
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