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Blumstein DM, MacManes MD. Impacts of dietary fat on multi tissue gene expression in the desert-adapted cactus mouse. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592397. [PMID: 38746252 PMCID: PMC11092757 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between dietary fat and physiological responses is crucial in species adapted to arid environments where water scarcity is common. In this study, we present a comprehensive exploration of gene expression across five tissues (kidney, liver, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and hypothalamus) and 19 phenotypic measurements, investigating the effects of dietary fat in the desert-adapted cactus mouse ( Peromyscus eremicus ). We show impacts on immune function, circadian gene regulation, and mitochondrial function for mice fed a lower-fat diet compared to mice fed a higher-fat diet. In arid environments with severe water scarcity, even subtle changes in organismal health and water balance can affect physical performance, potentially impacting survival and reproductive success. The study sheds light on the complex interplay between diet, physiological processes, and environmental adaptation, providing valuable insights into the multifaceted impacts of dietary choices on organismal well-being and adaptation strategies in arid habitats.
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Navarrete Zamora MB, da Silva TS, da Silva MD, Almeida GHDR, da Silva-Júnior LN, Horvath-Pereira BDO, Baracho Hill AT, Acuña F, Carreira ACO, Barreto RDSN, Sato AS, Miglino MA. Term alpaca placenta glycosylation profile and its correlation with pregnancy maintenance and fetal survival. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1193468. [PMID: 37342231 PMCID: PMC10277506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1193468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpaca is a South American camelid, particularly present in Peruvian highlands, where oxygen concentration and atmospheric pressure are very low. Due to this fact, gestational physiology has adapted to preserve the conceptus' and mother's health. In this context, several cellular and molecular features play an essential role during and at the end of gestation. Structural carbohydrates act on maternal-fetal communication, recognize exogenous molecules, and contribute to placental barrier selectivity. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the structural carbohydrate profiles that are present in the term alpaca placenta, kept in their natural habitat of around 4,000 m height. For this propose, 12 term alpaca placentas were collected, and the material was obtained at the time of birth from camelids raised naturally in the Peruvian highlands, in the Cusco region. All placenta samples were processed for histological analysis. A lectin histochemical investigation was performed using 13 biotinylated lectins, allowing us to determine the location of carbohydrates and their intensity on a semi-quantitative scale. Our results demonstrated that during term gestation, the epitheliochorial alpaca placenta shows a high presence of carbohydrates, particularly glucose, α-linked mannose, N-acetylglucosamine β (GlcNAc), galactose (αGal), and N-acetylgalactosamine α (GalNAc), present in the trophoblast, amnion epithelium, and mesenchyme, as well as the presence of sialic acid residues and low affinity for fucose. In fetal blood capillaries, the presence of bi- and tri-antennary complex structures and α-linked mannose was predominated. In conclusion, we characterized the glycosylation profile in the term alpaca placenta. Based on our data, compared to those reported in the bibliography, we suggest that these carbohydrates could participate in the labor of these animals that survive in Peruvian extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miluska Beatriz Navarrete Zamora
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, San Borja, Brazil
| | - Thamires Santos da Silva
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica Duarte da Silva
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Amanda Trindade Baracho Hill
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Acuña
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinárias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centre of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Alberto Sato Sato
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, San Borja, Brazil
| | - Maria Angélica Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Salinas-Salmon CE, Murillo-Jauregui C, Gonzales-Isidro M, Espinoza-Pinto V, Mendoza SV, Ruiz R, Vargas R, Perez Y, Montaño J, Toledo L, Badner A, Jimenez J, Peñaranda J, Romero C, Aguilar M, Riveros-Gonzales L, Arana I, Villamor E. Elevation of Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Newborns from High-Altitude Pregnancies Complicated by Preeclampsia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020347. [PMID: 36829907 PMCID: PMC9952561 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that fetal exposure to the oxidative stress induced by the combined challenge of preeclampsia (PE) and high altitude would induce a significant impairment in the development of pulmonary circulation. We conducted a prospective study in La Paz (Bolivia, mean altitude 3625 m) in which newborns from singleton pregnancies with and without PE were compared (PE group n = 69, control n = 70). We conducted an echocardiographic study in these infants at the median age of two days. The percentage of cesarean deliveries and small for gestational age (SGA) infants was significantly higher in the PE group. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation did not vary significantly between groups. Estimated pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were 30% higher in newborns exposed to PE and high altitude compared with those exposed only to high altitude. We also detected signs of right ventricular hypertrophy in infants subjected to both exposures. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the combination of PE and pregnancy at high altitude induces subclinical alterations in the pulmonary circulation of the newborn. Follow-up of this cohort may provide us with valuable information on the potential increased susceptibility to developing pulmonary hypertension or other pulmonary and cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E. Salinas-Salmon
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
- Correspondence: (C.E.S.-S.); (E.V.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jesús Jimenez
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | | | - Catherine Romero
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Martha Aguilar
- Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), UMSA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | | | | | - Eduardo Villamor
- Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Reproduction (GROW), 6202AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (C.E.S.-S.); (E.V.)
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Estimation of Pubertal Growth-Spurt Parameters in Children and Adolescents in Colombia: Comparison between Low and Moderate Altitudes. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133847. [PMID: 35807133 PMCID: PMC9267594 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Context-specific information, including differences in geographical areas, such as distinct altitudes, can be important to explain variations in physical growth. We aimed to compare the estimation of maximum growth velocity and pubertal growth-spurt parameters of children and adolescents living at low and moderate altitudes in Colombia. A cross-sectional study, including a representative cohort of 30.305 (51% boys) children and adolescents aged 1−18 years from Colombia, was performed. The heights were measured with standardized techniques. The Preece−Baines growth model was used to estimate the mathematical and biological parameters of the height-growth velocities and growth spurts for both sexes. The altitudes were categorized as low (18 to 564 m above sea level) or moderate (2420 to 2640 m above sea level). There were no differences in final height (h1), peak height velocity size (hθ), age at peak height velocity (APHV), or peak height velocity PHV (cm/y) between the subjects living in both altitudes (p > 0.05). The APHV was estimated at 12.75 ± 0.75 years in the boys and at 10.05 ± 0.65 years in the girls. The girls reached the APVH 2.70 years earlier than the boys. Regarding the PHV, the boys reached higher growth velocity, which was 6.85 ± 0.55 cm/y. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in final height, peak height, APHV, or PHV between the children and adolescents living at distinct altitudes in Colombia. The PHV occurred approximately 3 years earlier in the girls than in the boys. Furthermore, the girls’ estimated PHV, APHV, and final height were lower than those of the boys. This study allows additional insight into pubertal growth-spurt parameters and also provides a valuable reference database for the assessment of Colombian children and adolescents.
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Wang B, Yao YL, Kang J, Li CG, Zhang GF, Yu ZB. Birth growth curves of neonates in high-altitude areas: A cross-sectional study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1028637. [PMID: 36704138 PMCID: PMC9871478 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1028637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the current commonly used birth growth curves are unsuitable for neonates in high-altitude areas; this study aimed to establish birth growth curves for full-term neonates residing at 2,000-3,000 m. METHODS This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed the physical measurement data of 1,546 full-term neonates delivered at the Red Cross Hospital of Qinghai province, China, from July 2021 to April 2022. The percentile curves of birth weight, length, and head circumference of neonates of different gestational ages and genders were developed using curve fitting. The newly developed birth-weight percentile reference was compared with the INTERGROWTH-21st Neonatal Growth Curve (International Standard) and the Chinese Neonate Growth Curve (Chinese Standard). RESULTS The median birth weight, length, and head circumference of the study population were 3,200 g, 52.0 cm, and 32.8 cm, respectively, except for the group with a gestational age of 37 weeks. The growth indicators of male infants in all groups were higher than those of the female infants (P < 0.05). We found differences between the newly developed birth-weight percentile curves in the high-altitude areas and the International and Chinese Standards. CONCLUSION Establishing birth growth curves corresponding to altitude may be more suitable than the existing standards for local medical staff to conduct health assessments of neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Yan-Li Yao
- Department of Neonatology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Jing Kang
- Department of Neonatology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Cun-Gui Li
- Department of Neonatology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Guo-Fei Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Zhang-Bin Yu
- Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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