1
|
Baldwin SN, Jepps TA, Greenwood IA. Cycling matters: Sex hormone regulation of vascular potassium channels. Channels (Austin) 2023; 17:2217637. [PMID: 37243715 PMCID: PMC10228406 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2023.2217637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones and the reproductive cycle (estrus in rodents and menstrual in humans) have a known impact on arterial function. In spite of this, sex hormones and the estrus/menstrual cycle are often neglected experimental factors in vascular basic preclinical scientific research. Recent research by our own laboratory indicates that cyclical changes in serum concentrations of sex -hormones across the rat estrus cycle, primary estradiol, have significant consequences for the subcellular trafficking and function of KV. Vascular potassium channels, including KV, are essential components of vascular reactivity. Our study represents a small part of a growing field of literature aimed at determining the role of sex hormones in regulating arterial ion channel function. This review covers key findings describing the current understanding of sex hormone regulation of vascular potassium channels, with a focus on KV channels. Further, we highlight areas of research where the estrus cycle should be considered in future studies to determine the consequences of physiological oscillations in concentrations of sex hormones on vascular potassium channel function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel N Baldwin
- Vascular Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas A Jepps
- Vascular Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iain A Greenwood
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George’s University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fujii N, Rakwal R, Shibato J, Tanabe Y, Kenny GP, Amano T, Mündel T, Lei TH, Watanabe K, Kondo N, Nishiyasu T. Galanin receptors modulate cutaneous vasodilation elicited by whole-body and local heating but not thermal sweating in young adults. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175904. [PMID: 37422121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Galanin receptor subtypes GAL1, GAL2, and GAL3 are involved in several biological functions. We hypothesized that 1) GAL3 receptor activation contributes to sweating but limits cutaneous vasodilation induced by whole-body and local heating without a contribution of GAL2; and 2) GAL1 receptor activation attenuates both sweating and cutaneous vasodilation during whole-body heating. Young adults underwent whole-body (n = 12, 6 females) and local (n = 10, 4 females) heating. Forearm sweat rate (ventilated capsule) and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC; ratio of laser-Doppler blood flow to mean arterial pressure) were assessed during whole-body heating (water-perfusion suit circulated with warm (35 °C) water), while CVC was also assessed by local forearm heating (33 °C-39 °C and elevated to 42 °C thereafter; each level of heating maintained for ∼30 min). Sweat rate and CVC were evaluated at four intradermal microdialysis forearm sites treated with either 1) 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (control), 2) M40, a non-selective GAL1 and GAL2 receptor antagonist, 3) M871 to selectively antagonize GAL2 receptor, or 4) SNAP398299 to selectively antagonize GAL3 receptor. Sweating was not modulated by any GAL receptor antagonist (P > 0.169), whereas only M40 reduced CVC (P ≤ 0.003) relative to control during whole-body heating. Relative to control, SNAP398299 augmented the initial and sustained increase in CVC during local heating to 39 °C, and the transient increase at 42 °C (P ≤ 0.028). We confirmed that while none of the galanin receptors modulate sweating during whole-body heating, GAL1 receptors mediate cutaneous vasodilation. Further, GAL3 receptors blunt cutaneous vasodilation during local heating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Fujii
- Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Japan; Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Junko Shibato
- Clinical Medicine Research Laboratory, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Yoko Tanabe
- Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Japan; Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Glen P Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Tatsuro Amano
- Laboratory for Exercise and Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Toby Mündel
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.
| | - Tze-Huan Lei
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, China.
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Narihiko Kondo
- Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Nishiyasu
- Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Japan; Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Severino P, D'Amato A, Mancone M, Palazzuoli A, Mariani MV, Prosperi S, Myftari V, Lavalle C, Forleo GB, Birtolo LI, Caputo V, Miraldi F, Chimenti C, Badagliacca R, Maestrini V, Palmirotta R, Vizza CD, Fedele F. Protection against Ischemic Heart Disease: A Joint Role for eNOS and the K ATP Channel. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097927. [PMID: 37175633 PMCID: PMC10177922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic susceptibility may influence ischemic heart disease (IHD) predisposition and affect coronary blood flow (CBF) regulation mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the association among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes encoding for proteins involved in CBF regulation and IHD. A total of 468 consecutive patients were enrolled and divided into three groups according to coronary angiography and intracoronary functional tests results: G1, patients with coronary artery disease (CAD); G2, patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD); and G3, patients with angiographic and functionally normal coronary arteries. A genetic analysis of the SNPs rs5215 of the potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 11 (KCNJ11) gene and rs1799983 of the nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) gene, respectively encoding for the Kir6.2 subunit of ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channels and nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), was performed on peripheral whole blood samples. A significant association of rs5215_G/G of KCNJ11 and rs1799983_T/T of NOS3 genes was detected in healthy controls compared with CAD and CMD patients. Based on univariable and multivariable analyses, the co-presence of rs5215_G/G of KCNJ11 and rs1799983_T/T of NOS3 may represent an independent protective factor against IHD, regardless of cardiovascular risk factors. This study supports the hypothesis that SNP association may influence the crosstalk between eNOS and the KATP channel that provides a potential protective effect against IHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Severino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea D'Amato
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Mancone
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Palazzuoli
- Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Cardio Thoracic and Vascular Department, Le Scotte Hospital, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Valerio Mariani
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Prosperi
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Myftari
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Lavalle
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Ilaria Birtolo
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Caputo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Miraldi
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Chimenti
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Badagliacca
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Maestrini
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmine Dario Vizza
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fedele
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dietary nitrate supplementation increases nitrate and nitrite concentrations in human skin interstitial fluid. Nitric Oxide 2023; 134-135:10-16. [PMID: 36889537 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation can increase [NO3-], but not nitrite ([NO2-]), in human skeletal muscle, though its effect on [NO3-] and [NO2-] in skin remains unknown. In an independent group design, 11 young adults ingested 140 mL of NO3--rich beetroot juice (BR; 9.6 mmol NO3-), and 6 young adults ingested 140 mL of a NO3--depleted placebo (PL). Skin dialysate, acquired through intradermal microdialysis, and venous blood samples were collected at baseline and every hour post-ingestion up to 4 h to assess dialysate and plasma [NO3-] and [NO2-]. The relative recovery rate of NO3- and NO2- through the microdialysis probe (73.1% and 62.8%), determined in a separate experiment, was used to estimate skin interstitial [NO3-] and [NO2-]. Baseline [NO3-] was lower, whereas baseline [NO2-] was higher in the skin interstitial fluid relative to plasma (both P < 0.001). Acute BR ingestion increased [NO3-] and [NO2-] in the skin interstitial fluid and plasma (all P < 0.001), with the magnitude being smaller in the skin interstitial fluid (e.g., 183 ± 54 vs. 491 ± 62 μM for Δ[NO3-] from baseline and 155 ± 190 vs. 217 ± 204 nM for Δ[NO2-] from baseline at 3 h post BR ingestion, both P ≤ 0.037). However, due to the aforementioned baseline differences, skin interstitial fluid [NO2-] post BR ingestion was higher, whereas [NO3-] was lower relative to plasma (all P < 0.001). These findings extend our understanding of NO3- and NO2- distribution at rest and indicate that acute BR supplementation increases [NO3-] and [NO2-] in human skin interstitial fluid.
Collapse
|
5
|
McGarr GW, King KE, Cassan CJM, Janetos KMT, Fujii N, Kenny GP. Involvement of nitric oxide synthase and reactive oxygen species in TRPA1-mediated cutaneous vasodilation in young and older adults. Microvasc Res 2023; 145:104443. [PMID: 36208670 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributions of the cutaneous vasodilator response to transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 channel (TRPA1) activation in young and older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS In sixteen young (20 ± 2 years, 8 females) and sixteen older adults (61 ± 5 years, 8 females), cutaneous vascular conductance normalized to maximum vasodilation (%CVCmax) was assessed at four dorsal forearm skin sites continuously perfused via microdialysis with: 1) vehicle solution (Control, 2 % dimethyl sulfoxide, 2 % Ringer, 96 % propylene glycol), 2) 10 mM Ascorbate (non-specific ROS inhibitor), 3) 10 mM L-NAME (non-specific NOS inhibitor), or 4) Ascorbate+L-NAME. The TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde was co-administered at all sites [0 % (baseline), 2.9 %, 8.8 %, 26.4 %; ≥ 30 min per dose]. RESULTS %CVCmax was not different between groups for Control, L-NAME, and Ascorbate (all p > 0.05). However, there were significant main dose effects for each site wherein %CVCmax was greater than baseline from 2.9 % to 26.4 % cinnamaldehyde for Control and Ascorbate, and at 26.4 % cinnamaldehyde for L-NAME and Ascorbate+L-NAME (all p < 0.05). For Ascorbate+L-NAME, there was a significant main group effect, wherein perfusion was 6 %CVCmax [95% CI: 2, 11, p < 0.05] greater in the older compared to the young group across all cinnamaldehyde doses. There was a significant main site effect for area under the curve wherein L-NAME and Ascorbate+L-NAME were lower than Control and Ascorbate across groups (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The NOS-dependent cutaneous vasodilator response to TRPA1 activation is maintained in older adults, with no detectable contribution of ascorbate-sensitive ROS in either age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W McGarr
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelli E King
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Casey J M Cassan
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristina-Marie T Janetos
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naoto Fujii
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan; Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan
| | - Glen P Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lang JA, Kim J. Remote ischaemic preconditioning - translating cardiovascular benefits to humans. J Physiol 2022; 600:3053-3067. [PMID: 35596644 PMCID: PMC9327506 DOI: 10.1113/jp282568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC), induced by intermittent periods of limb ischaemia and reperfusion, confers cardiac and vascular protection from subsequent ischaemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. Early animal studies reliably demonstrate that RIPC attenuated infarct size and preserved cardiac tissue. However, translating these adaptations to clinical practice in humans has been challenging. Large clinical studies have found inconsistent results with respect to RIPC eliciting IR injury protection or improving clinical outcomes. Follow‐up studies have implicated several factors that potentially affect the efficacy of RIPC in humans such as age, fitness, frequency, disease state and interactions with medications. Thus, realizing the clinical potential for RIPC may require a human experimental model where confounding factors are more effectively controlled and underlying mechanisms can be further elucidated. In this review, we highlight recent experimental findings in the peripheral circulation that have added valuable insight on the mechanisms and clinical benefit of RIPC in humans. Central to this discussion is the critical role of timing (i.e. immediate vs. delayed effects following a single bout of RIPC) and the frequency of RIPC. Limited evidence in humans has demonstrated that repeated bouts of RIPC over several days uniquely improves vascular function beyond that observed with a single bout alone. Since changes in resistance vessel and microvascular function often precede symptoms and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, repeated bouts of RIPC may be promising as a preclinical intervention to prevent or delay cardiovascular disease progression.
![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A Lang
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Jahyun Kim
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Bakersfield, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim J, Franke WD, Lang JA. Delayed Cutaneous Microvascular Responses With Non-consecutive 3 Days of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning. Front Physiol 2022; 13:852966. [PMID: 35360244 PMCID: PMC8964107 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.852966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The optimal frequency and duration of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) that augments microvascular function is unknown. A single bout of RIPC increases cutaneous endothelial function for ∼48 h, whereas 1 week of daily RIPC bouts improves more sustained endothelium-independent function. We hypothesized that 3 days of RIPC separated by rest days (3QOD RIPC) would result in sustained increases in both endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent functions. Cutaneous microvascular function was assessed in 13 healthy young participants (aged 20.5 ± 3.9 years; 5 males, 8 females) before 3QOD and then 24, 48, and 72 h and a week after 3QOD. RIPC consisted of four repetitions of 5 min of blood flow occlusion separated by 5 min of reperfusion. Skin blood flow responses to local heating (Tloc = 42°C), acetylcholine (Ach), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were measured using laser speckle contrast imaging and expressed as cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC = PU⋅mmHg–1). Local heating-mediated vasodilation was increased 72 h after 3QOD and the increased responsivity persisted a week later (1.08 ± 0.24 vs. 1.34 ± 0.46, 1.21 ± 0.36 PU⋅mmHg–1; ΔCVC, pre-RIPC vs. 72 h, a week after 3QOD; P = 0.054). Ach-induced cutaneous vasodilation increased a week after 3QOD (0.73 ± 0.41 vs. 0.95 ± 0.49 PU⋅mmHg–1; ΔCVC, pre-RIPC vs. a week after 3QOD; P < 0.05). SNP-induced cutaneous vasodilation increased 24 h after 3QOD (0.47 ± 0.28 vs. 0.63 ± 0.35 PU⋅mmHg–1; ΔCVC, pre-RIPC vs. 24 h; P < 0.05), but this change did not persist thereafter. Thus, 3QOD induced sustained improvement in endothelium-dependent vasodilation but was not sufficient to sustain increases in endothelium-independent vasodilation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jahyun Kim
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, CA, United States
| | - Warren D. Franke
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - James A. Lang
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: James A. Lang,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
TRPA1 channel activation with cinnamaldehyde induces cutaneous vasodilation through NOS, but not COX and KCa channel, mechanisms in humans. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 79:375-382. [PMID: 34983913 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel activation induces cutaneous vasodilation in humans in vivo. However, the mechanisms underlying this response remains equivocal. We hypothesized that nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) and Ca2+ activated K+ (KCa) channels contribute to the TRPA1 channel-induced cutaneous vasodilation with no involvement of cyclooxygenase (COX). Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) in 9 healthy young adults was assessed at four dorsal forearm skin sites treated by intradermal microdialysis with either: 1) vehicle control (98% propylene glycol + 1.985% dimethyl sulfoxide + 0.015% lactated Ringer solution), 2) 10 mM L-NAME, a non-selective NOS inhibitor, 3) 10 mM ketorolac, a non-selective COX inhibitor, or 4) 50 mM tetraethylammonium, a non-selective KCa channel blocker. Cinnamaldehyde, a TRPA1 channel activator, was administered to each skin site in a dose-dependent manner (2.9, 8.8, 26 and 80 %, each lasting ≥30min). Administration of ≥8.8% cinnamaldehyde increased CVC from baseline at the vehicle control site by as much as 27.4% [95 % confidence interval of 5.3] (P<0.001). NOS inhibitor attenuated the cinnamaldehyde induced-increases in CVC at the 8.8, 26.0, and 80.0% concentrations relative to the vehicle control site (all P≤0.05). In contrast, both the COX inhibitor and KCa channel blockers did not attenuate the cinnamaldehyde induced-increases in CVC relative to the vehicle control site for all concentrations (all P≥0.130). We conclude that in human skin in vivo, NOS plays a role in modulating the regulation of cutaneous vasodilation in response to TRPA1 channel activation with no detectable contributions of COX and KCa channels.
Collapse
|
9
|
Fujii N, Kenny GP, Amano T, Honda Y, Kondo N, Nishiyasu T. Na +-K +-ATPase plays a major role in mediating cutaneous thermal hyperemia achieved by local skin heating to 39°C. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:1408-1416. [PMID: 34473573 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00073.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Na+-K+-ATPase is integrally involved in mediating cutaneous vasodilation during an exercise-heat stress, which includes an interactive role with nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Here, we assessed if Na+-K+-ATPase also contributes to cutaneous thermal hyperemia induced by local skin heating, which is commonly used to assess cutaneous endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Furthermore, we assessed the extent to which NOS contributes to this response. Cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was measured continuously at four forearm skin sites in 11 young adults (4 women). After baseline measurement, local skin temperature was increased from 33°C to 39°C to induce cutaneous thermal hyperemia. Once a plateau in CVC was achieved, each skin site was continuously perfused via intradermal microdialysis with either: 1) lactated Ringer solution (control), 2) 6 mM ouabain, a Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor, 3) 20 mM l-NAME, a NOS inhibitor, or 4) a combination of both. Relative to the control site, CVC during the plateau phase of cutaneous thermal hyperemia (∼50% max) was reduced by the lone inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase (-19 ± 8% max, P = 0.038) and NOS (-32 ± 4% max, P < 0.001), as well as the combined inhibition of both (-37 ± 9% max, P < 0.001). The magnitude of reduction was similar between NOS inhibition alone and combined inhibition (P = 1.000). The administration of both Na+-K+-ATPase and NOS inhibitors fully abolished the plateau of CVC with values returning to preheating baseline values (P = 0.439). We show that Na+-K+-ATPase contributes to cutaneous thermal hyperemia during local skin heating to 39°C, and this response is partially mediated by NOS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cutaneous thermal hyperemia during local skin heating to 39°C, which is highly dependent on nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is frequently used to assess endothelium-dependent cutaneous vasodilation. We showed that Na+-K+-ATPase mediates the regulation of cutaneous thermal hyperemia partly via NOS-dependent mechanisms although a component of the Na+-K+-ATPase modulation of cutaneous thermal hyperemia is NOS independent. Thus, as with NOS, Na+-K+-ATPase may be important in the regulation of cutaneous endothelial vascular function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Fujii
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Glen P Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tatsuro Amano
- Laboratory for Exercise and Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasushi Honda
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Narihiko Kondo
- Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishiyasu
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim J, Franke WD, Lang JA. Delayed window of improvements in skin microvascular function following a single bout of remote ischaemic preconditioning. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1380-1388. [PMID: 33866628 DOI: 10.1113/ep089438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Animal infarct studies indicate a delayed window of cardiac protection after remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC); however, the presence and duration of this delayed effect have not been examined in human microvasculature in vivo. What is the main finding and its importance? Cutaneous vasodilatation induced by local heating or ACh was increased significantly 24 and 48 h after a single bout of RIPC, respectively. Neither response persisted beyond ∼48 h. Sodium nitroprusside-induced cutaneous vasodilatation was not altered. These findings reveal a delayed increase in microvascular endothelial function after a single bout of RIPC. ABSTRACT Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) induces protective effects from ischaemia-reperfusion injury. In the myocardium and conduit vasculature, a single bout of RIPC confers delayed protection that begins 24 h afterwards and lasts for 2-3 days. However, the extent and the time line in which a single bout of RIPC affects the human microvasculature are unclear. We hypothesized that a single bout of RIPC results in a delayed increase in skin microvascular function. Sixteen healthy participants (age, 23 ± 4 years; seven males, nine females; MAP, 82 ± 7 mmHg) were recruited to measure cutaneous microvascular function immediately before a single bout of RIPC and 24, 48 and 72 h and 1 week after the bout. The RIPC consisted of four repetitions of 5 min of arm blood flow occlusion interspersed by 5 min reperfusion. Skin blood flow responses to local heating (local temperature of 42°C), ACh and sodium nitroprusside were measured by laser speckle contrast imaging and expressed as the cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC; in perfusion units per millimetre of mercury). Vasodilatation in response to local heating was increased 24 and 48 h after RIPC (ΔCVC, 1.05 ± 0.07 vs. 1.18 ± 0.07 and 1.24 ± 0.08 PU mmHg-1 , pre- vs. 24 and 48 h post-RIPC; P < 0.05). Acetylcholine-induced cutaneous vasodilatation increased significantly 48 h after RIPC (ΔCVC, 0.71 ± 0.07 vs. 0.93 ± 0.12 PU mmHg-1 , pre- vs. 48 h post-RIPC; P < 0.05) and returned to baseline thereafter. Sodium nitroprusside-mediated vasodilatation did not change. Thus, a single bout of RIPC elicited a delayed response in the microvasculature, resulting in an improvement in the endothelium-dependent cutaneous vasodilatory response that peaked ∼48 h post-RIPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jahyun Kim
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Bakersfield, Bakersfield, California, USA
| | - Warren D Franke
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - James A Lang
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|