1
|
Young SL, Ryan L, Mullins TP, Flint M, Steane SE, Walton SL, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H, Carter DA, Reichelt ME, Gallo LA. Sotagliflozin, a Dual SGLT1/2 Inhibitor, Improves Cardiac Outcomes in a Normoglycemic Mouse Model of Cardiac Pressure Overload. Front Physiol 2021; 12:738594. [PMID: 34621187 PMCID: PMC8490778 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.738594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective SGLT2 inhibition reduces the risk of worsening heart failure and cardiovascular death in patients with existing heart failure, irrespective of diabetic status. We aimed to investigate the effects of dual SGLT1/2 inhibition, using sotagliflozin, on cardiac outcomes in normal diet (ND) and high fat diet (HFD) mice with cardiac pressure overload. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomized to receive a HFD (60% of calories from fat) or remain on ND for 12 weeks. One week later, transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was employed to induce cardiac pressure-overload (50% increase in right:left carotid pressure versus sham surgery), resulting in left ventricular hypertrophic remodeling and cardiac fibrosis, albeit preserved ejection fraction. At 4 weeks post-TAC, mice were treated for 7 weeks by oral gavage once daily with sotagliflozin (10 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle (0.1% tween 80). In ND mice, treatment with sotagliflozin attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and histological markers of cardiac fibrosis induced by TAC. These benefits were associated with profound diuresis and glucosuria, without shifts toward whole-body fatty acid utilization, increased circulating ketones, nor increased cardiac ketolysis. In HFD mice, sotagliflozin reduced the mildly elevated glucose and insulin levels but did not attenuate cardiac injury induced by TAC. HFD mice had vacuolation of proximal tubular cells, associated with less profound sotagliflozin-induced diuresis and glucosuria, which suggests dampened drug action. We demonstrate the utility of dual SGLT1/2 inhibition in treating cardiac injury induced by pressure overload in normoglycemic mice. Its efficacy in high fat-fed mice with mild hyperglycemia and compromised renal morphology requires further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia L Young
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Lydia Ryan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Thomas P Mullins
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Melanie Flint
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah E Steane
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah L Walton
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - David A Carter
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Melissa E Reichelt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Linda A Gallo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wesseling M, Mulder E, Brans MAD, Kapteijn DMC, Bulthuis M, Pasterkamp G, Verhaar MC, Danser AHJ, van Goor H, Joles JA, de Jager SCA. Mildly Increased Renin Expression in the Absence of Kidney Injury in the Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction Model. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:614656. [PMID: 34211391 PMCID: PMC8239225 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.614656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome type 2 is characterized by kidney failure as a consequence of heart failure that affects >50% of heart failure patients. Murine transverse aortic constriction (TAC) is a heart failure model, where pressure overload is induced on the heart without any systemic hypertension or its consequences. Whether renal function is altered in this model is debated, and if so, at which time post-TAC renal dysfunction starts to contribute to worsening of cardiac function. We therefore studied the effects of progressive heart failure development on kidney function in the absence of chronically elevated systemic blood pressure and renal perfusion pressure. C57BL/6J mice (N = 129) were exposed to TAC using a minimally invasive technique and followed from 3 to 70 days post-TAC. Cardiac function was determined with 3D ultrasound and showed a gradual decrease in stroke volume over time. Renal renin expression and plasma renin concentration increased with progressive heart failure, suggesting hypoperfusion of the kidney. In addition, plasma urea concentration, a surrogate marker for renal dysfunction, was increased post-TAC. However, no structural abnormalities in the kidney, nor albuminuria were present at any time-point post-TAC. Progressive heart failure is associated with increased renin expression, but only mildly affected renal function without inducing structural injury. In combination, these data suggest that heart failure alone does not contribute to kidney dysfunction in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marian Wesseling
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eva Mulder
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maike A D Brans
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Daniek M C Kapteijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marian Bulthuis
- Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Department of Pharmacology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Joles
- Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Saskia C A de Jager
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mullins TP, Tan WS, Carter DA, Gallo LA. Validation of non-invasive transcutaneous measurement for glomerular filtration rate in lean and obese C57BL/6J mice. Nephrology (Carlton) 2020; 25:575-581. [PMID: 32180312 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in experimental rodents is pivotal to understanding the progression of kidney disease and benefits of treatment strategies. A non-invasive clearance device has been developed, which measures transcutaneous decay of injected FITC-sinistrin in conscious rodents. The technique was validated against the well-established plasma clearance method in the same mice, but on consecutive days, using only models of uninephrectomy and polycystic kidney disease. We aimed to validate this widely used technique in the same lean or obese mice, at the same time. METHODS Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomised to a high fat diet (n = 12) or normal diet (n = 11) for 10 weeks. Transcutaneous and plasma clearance of FITC-sinistrin were measured simultaneously in each mouse. RESULTS In lean mice, there was a positive correlation between transcutaneous and plasma derived GFR (P < .01, R2 = .704), although there was an approximate 40% underestimation by the transcutaneous method (P < .0001). In obese mice, no correlation was observed between transcutaneous and plasma derived GFR, nor elimination half-life which removes any effect of the conversion factor and injected dose. The limits of agreement in a Bland-Altman plot were narrower when we used new conversion factors derived from mice in the current study and, in lean mice, a generic conversion factor which assumes 20% extracellular volume. CONCLUSION The non-invasive clearance device may be useful for serial GFR measurements in lean and healthy mice, provided validation studies have been carried out, but its utility in obesity requires further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Mullins
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Mater Research Institute-UQ, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Wei Sheng Tan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David A Carter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Linda A Gallo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.,Mater Research Institute-UQ, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mota RI, Morgan SE, Bahnson EM. Diabetic vasculopathy: macro and microvascular injury. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020; 8:1-14. [PMID: 32655983 PMCID: PMC7351096 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-020-00205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetes is a common and prevalent medical condition as it affects many lives around the globe. Specifically, type-2 Diabetes (T2D) is characterized by chronic systemic inflammation alongside hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in the body, which can result in atherosclerotic legion formation in the arteries and thus progression of related conditions called diabetic vasculopathies. T2D patients are especially at risk for vascular injury; adjunct in many of these patients heir cholesterol and triglyceride levels reach dangerously high levels and accumulate in the lumen of their vascular system. RECENT FINDINGS Microvascular and macrovascular vasculopathies as complications of diabetes can accentuate the onset of organ illnesses, thus it is imperative that research efforts help identify more effective methods for prevention and diagnosis of early vascular injuries. Current research into vasculopathy identification/treatment will aid in the amelioration of diabetes-related symptoms and thus reduce the large number of deaths that this disease accounts annually. SUMMARY This review aims to showcase the evolution and effects of diabetic vasculopathy from development to clinical disease as macrovascular and microvascular complications with a concerted reference to sex-specific disease progression as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto I. Mota
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Samuel E. Morgan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Edward M. Bahnson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shao J, Lin W, Lin B, Wang Q, Chen Y, Fan C. MiR-377 accelerates cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting autophagy via targeting PPAR γ. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1808083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhi Shao
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qizeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenrong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|