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Xue Y, Wang R, Yao T, Fang Q, Chen J, Liu X, Han Q, Wang X. Genome-wide identification and characterization of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) in immune response to Pseudomonas plecoglossicida infection and acute hypoxia stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:109669. [PMID: 38849106 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) gene family is a group of genes involved in the negative regulation of cytokine signal transduction. The members of this family play a crucial role in regulating immune and inflammatory processes. However, comprehensive investigations of these genes have not yet been conducted in the economically significant fish large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). In this study, a total of 13 SOCS genes (LcSOCS1a, LcSOCS1b, LcSOCS2, LcSOCS3a, LcSOCS3b, LcSOCS4, LcSOCS5a, LcSOCS5b, LcSOCS6, LcSOCS7a, LcSOCS7b, LcCISHa and LcCISHb) were identified and analyzed in L. crocea. The phylogenetic tree revealed a high conservation of SOCS genes in evolution, and the gene structure and motif analysis indicated a high similarity in the structure of LcSOCSs in the same subfamily. In addition, the expression patterns of LcSOCSs showed that LcSOCS1b was significantly down-regulated in all time under acute hypoxia stress, but it was markedly up-regulated throughout the entire process after P. plecoglossicida infection, revealing its different immune effects to two stresses. Besides, LcSOCS2a, LcSOCS6 and LcSOCS7a only participated in acute hypoxic stress, while LcSOCS5a was more sensitive to P. plecoglossicida infection. In summary, these results indicated that SOCS genes were involved in stress responses to both biological and non-biological stimuli, setting the foundation for deeper study on the functions of SOCS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ruoxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tingyan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qian Fang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China.
| | - Xiumei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
| | - Qingxi Han
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xubo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; National Engineering Research Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction By Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, China.
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Liu Z, Lin D, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Yang C, Guo B, Xia F, Li Y, Chen D, Wang C, Chen Z, Leng C, Xiao Z. Exploring synthetic lethal network for the precision treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13222. [PMID: 35918352 PMCID: PMC9345903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging targeted therapies have revolutionized the treatment of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) over the past 15 years. Nevertheless, lack of personalized treatment limits the development of effective clinical guidelines and improvement of patient prognosis. In this study, large-scale genomic profiles from ccRCC cohorts were explored for integrative analysis. A credible method was developed to identify synthetic lethality (SL) pairs and a list of 72 candidate pairs was determined, which might be utilized to selectively eliminate tumors with genetic aberrations using SL partners of specific mutations. Further analysis identified BRD4 and PRKDC as novel medical targets for patients with BAP1 mutations. After mapping these target genes to the comprehensive drug datasets, two agents (BI-2536 and PI-103) were found to have considerable therapeutic potentials in the BAP1 mutant tumors. Overall, our findings provided insight into the overview of ccRCC mutation patterns and offered novel opportunities for improving individualized cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Dongxu Lin
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Linmeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Danyang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Cun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Chao Leng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhenyu Xiao
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Wang G, Liu W, Wang C, Wang J, Liu H, Hao D, Zhang M. Molecular characterization and immunoregulatory analysis of suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) in black rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:104355. [PMID: 35077723 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family are important soluble mediators to inhibit signal transduction via the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway in the innate and adaptive immune responses. SOCS1 is the primary regulator of a number of cytokines. In this study, two spliced transcripts of SOCS1 were identified and characterized from black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli), named SsSOCS1a and SsSOCS1b. SsSOCS1a and SsSOCS1b contained conserved structural and functional domains including KIR region, ESS region, SH2 domain and SOCS box. SsSOCS1a and SsSOCS1b were distributed ubiquitously in all the detected tissues with the higher expression level in liver and spleen. After stimulation in vivo with Vibrio anguillarum and Edwardsiella tarda, the mRNA expression of SsSOCS1a and SsSOCS1b were induced in most of the immune-related tissues, including head kidney, spleen and liver. Meanwhile, poly I:C and IFNγ up-regulated the expression of SsSOCS1a and SsSOCS1b that reached the highest level at 24 h in macrophages in vitro. Luciferase assays in HEK293 cells showed SsSOCS1a and SsSOCS1b had the similar function in inhibiting ISRE activity after poly I:C and IFNγ treatment. Furthermore, KIR domain in black rockfish was determined to have a negative regulatory role in IFN signaling. SsSOCS1a and SsSOCS1b were found to interact strongly with each other by Co-immunoprecipitation analyses. These results indicated that the function of SOCS1 in the negative regulation of IFN signaling is conserved from teleost to mammals which will be helpful to further understanding of the biological functions of teleosts SOCS1 in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghua Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Wenqing Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Changbiao Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Dongfang Hao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
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Wang L, Liang Y, Li P, Liang Q, Sun H, Xu D, Hu W. Oncogenic Activities Of UBE2S Mediated By VHL/HIF-1α/STAT3 Signal Via The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System In PDAC. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:9767-9781. [PMID: 31814735 PMCID: PMC6863183 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s228522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2S (UBE2S) is important for the development and progression of several types of cancer. However, neither the role of UBE2S in pancreatic cancer nor its mechanism is clear. Methods We analyzed three GEO datasets to obtain 150 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and non-cancerous samples. Moreover, GSEA and mutation analysis were also done for UBE2S. The UBE2S expression in PDAC was measured by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Colony formation, scratch wound-healing and tumor growth assays were conducted to examine the effect of UBE2S on PDAC cells. Migration was detected using Transwell assay. UBE2S knockdown pancreatic cells were treated with proteasome inhibitor MG132. Immunofluorescence was undertaken for interaction between UBE2S and VHL. The expression of Snail and Twist1 and the changes of HIF-1α/STAT3 pathway were detected by Western blotting. Results The mRNA of UBE2S was significantly upregulated in human pancreatic cancer compared to normal tissues. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the protein level of UBE2S increased in tissue microarrays (TMAs) and was associated with lymph nodes metastasis and distant metastasis. Conclusion UBE2S could enhance EMT by the VHL/HIF-1α/STAT3 pathway via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Co-expression of CDC20 may represent a novel and promising therapeutic target for the patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Liang
- Department of Oncology, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengping Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchun Liang
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dazhou Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Yabe M, Ishibashi K, Onagi A, Tanji R, Honda-Takinami R, Koguchi T, Matsuoka K, Hoshi S, Hata J, Kataoka M, Ogawa S, Hiraki H, Haga N, Kojima Y. Suppression of SOCS3 enhances TRAIL-induced cell growth inhibition through the upregulation of DR4 expression in renal cell carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31697-31708. [PMID: 30167088 PMCID: PMC6114968 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a tumor-selective apoptosis inducer that is expressed in natural killer cells, whose cytotoxicity is activated by interferon (IFN). We investigated the effect of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 3 on the expression of TRAIL receptors (DR4) and on TRAIL sensitivity in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. Methods Vector expression, RNA interference and IL-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab were used to investigate the functional role of SOCS3 in DR4 expression. Immunoprecipitation was employed to detect the biochemical interaction between SOCS3 and DR4. The expression of DR4 induced by combination with IFN-α and tocilizumab was also examined by immunohistochemical staining using mice xenograft model. Results DR4 expression was up-regulated by IFN stimulation in RCC cells. 786-O cells were resistant to TRAIL and showed higher SOCS3 expression. ACHN cells showed higher DR4 expression and lower SOCS3 expression. Suppression of SOCS3 up-regulated DR4 expression and enhanced the TRAIL sensitivity in 786-O cells. In ACHN cells, DR4 expression was down-regulated by transfection with pCI-SOCS3, and the cells became resistant to TRAIL. Immunoprecipitation revealed the biochemical interaction between SOCS3 and DR4. A marked increase in IFN-induced DR4 protein expression after tocilizumab treatment was observed by immunohistochemical staining in the tumor from the mice xenograft model. Conclusions Our results indicate that IFN and SOCS3 regulate DR4 expression in RCC cells. Combination therapy with IFN-α, tocilizumab and an anti-DR4 agonistic ligand appears to effectively inhibit advanced RCC cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Yabe
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kei Ishibashi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Akifumi Onagi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanji
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ruriko Honda-Takinami
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koguchi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kanako Matsuoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Seiji Hoshi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junya Hata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masao Kataoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hiraki
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Haga
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Neuper T, Ellwanger K, Schwarz H, Kufer TA, Duschl A, Horejs-Hoeck J. NOD1 modulates IL-10 signalling in human dendritic cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1005. [PMID: 28432285 PMCID: PMC5430717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
NOD1 belongs to the family of NOD-like receptors, which is a group of well-characterised, cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors. The best-studied function of NOD-like receptors is their role in generating immediate pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial responses by detecting specific bacterial peptidoglycans or by responding to cellular stress and danger-associated molecules. The present study describes a regulatory, peptidoglycan-independent function of NOD1 in anti-inflammatory immune responses. We report that, in human dendritic cells, NOD1 balances IL-10-induced STAT1 and STAT3 activation by a SOCS2-dependent mechanism, thereby suppressing the tolerogenic dendritic cell phenotype. Based on these findings, we propose that NOD1 contributes to inflammation not only by promoting pro-inflammatory processes, but also by suppressing anti-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Neuper
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Kornelia Ellwanger
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Immunology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Harald Schwarz
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas A Kufer
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Immunology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Albert Duschl
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jutta Horejs-Hoeck
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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Sobhkhez M, Joensen LL, Tollersrud LG, Strandskog G, Thim HL, Jørgensen JB. A conserved inhibitory role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) in salmon antiviral immunity. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 67:66-76. [PMID: 27818171 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The SOCS proteins are regulators of JAK/STAT signaling. A number of viral infections has been associated with SOCS upregulation. Here we report that SOCS1 mRNA expression is up-regulated in salmon alphavirus (SAV3) infected TO cells, while infectious pancreatic necrosis virus infection has a negligible effect. SAV3 infected salmon showed increased SOCS1 mRNA levels in heart correlating with increased viral transcripts. Together, the in vitro and in vivo data suggests that SAV3-induced SOCS1 expression may affect the outcome of the virus infection. Using CHSE-214 cells overexpressing SOCS1 we revealed increased SAV3 replication compared to control, suggesting that SOCS1 suppress the antiviral capacity of the cells. In IFNa1-treated cells, the suppression of viral replication was partially rescued by SOCS1 overexpression. The increased viral replication in SOCS1 transgene cells was likely a result of impaired IFN-signaling and the reduced expression of interferon-stimulated genes in the transgene cells underscores this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Sobhkhez
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lisbeth L Joensen
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Linn Greiner Tollersrud
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Guro Strandskog
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hanna L Thim
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jorunn B Jørgensen
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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Conditional inactivation of the mouse von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor gene results in wide-spread hyperplastic, inflammatory and fibrotic lesions in the kidney. Oncogene 2014; 34:2631-9. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Skjesol A, Liebe T, Iliev DB, Thomassen EIS, Tollersrud LG, Sobhkhez M, Lindenskov Joensen L, Secombes CJ, Jørgensen JB. Functional conservation of suppressors of cytokine signaling proteins between teleosts and mammals: Atlantic salmon SOCS1 binds to JAK/STAT family members and suppresses type I and II IFN signaling. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 45:177-189. [PMID: 24582990 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are crucially involved in the control of inflammatory responses through their impact on various signaling pathways including the JAK/STAT pathway. Although all SOCS protein family members are identified in teleost fish, their functional properties in non-mammalian vertebrates have not been extensively studied. To gain further insight into SOCS functions in bony fish, we have identified and characterized the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) SOCS1, SOCS2 and CISH genes. These genes exhibited sequence conservation with their mammalian counterparts and they were ubiquitously expressed. SOCS1 in mammalian species has been recognized as a key negative regulator of interferon (IFN) signaling and recent data for the two model fish Tetraodon (Tetraodon nigroviridis) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) suggest that these functions are conserved from teleost to mammals. In agreement with this we here demonstrate a strong negative regulatory activity of salmon SOCS1 on type I and type II IFN signaling, while SOCS2a and b and CISH only moderately affected IFN responses. SOCS1 also inhibited IFNγ-induced nuclear localization of STAT1 and a direct interaction between SOCS1 and STAT1 and between SOCS1 and the Tyk2 kinase was found. Using SOCS1 mutants lacking either the KIR domain or the ESS, SH2 and SOCS box domains showed that all domains affected the ability of SOCS1 to inhibit IFN-mediated signaling. These results are the first to demonstrate that SOCS1 is a potent inhibitor of IFN-mediated JAK-STAT signaling in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Skjesol
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Theresa Liebe
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Dimitar B Iliev
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ernst I S Thomassen
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Linn Greiner Tollersrud
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mehrdad Sobhkhez
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Christopher J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Jorunn B Jørgensen
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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Zhang Y, Wang XL, Zhao J, Wang YJ, Lau WB, Yuan YX, Gao EH, Koch WJ, Ma XL. Adiponectin inhibits oxidative/nitrative stress during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion via PKA signaling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013; 305:E1436-43. [PMID: 24129398 PMCID: PMC3882378 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00445.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The cardioprotective effects of adiponectin (APN) against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury are well known. However, comprehension of the mechanisms mediating intracellular APN signaling remains incomplete. We recently demonstrate the antioxidant/antinitrative effects of APN are not dependent on AMPK. Protein kinase A (PKA) has been previously shown to be activated by APN, with uncertain relevance to APN cardiac protection. The current study determined whether the antioxidative/antinitrative effect of APN is mediated by PKA. Administration of APN (2 μg/g) 10 min before reperfusion significantly enhanced cardiac PKA activity, reduced oxidative stress, and decreased infarct size. Knockdown of cardiac PKA expression (PKA-KD) by intramyocardial injection of PKA-siRNAs (>70% suppression) significantly inhibited APN cardioprotection determined by cardiac apoptosis, infarct size, and cardiac function. Moreover, PKA-KD virtually abolished the suppressive effect of APN on MI/R-induced NADPH oxidase overexpression and superoxide overproduction and partially inhibited the effect of APN on nitrative protein modification in MI/R heart. Mechanistically, APN significantly inhibited MI/R-induced IKK/IκB phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, which were blocked in PKA-KD heart. Finally, the PKA-mediated antioxidant/antinitrative and cardioprotective effects of APN are intact in AMPK-deficient mice, suggesting that there is no cross talk between AMPK and PKA signaling in APN cardioprotection. Collectively, we demonstrate for the first time that APN inhibits oxidative/nitrative stress during MI/R via PKA-dependent NF-κB inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor signalling via Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 110:133-45. [PMID: 24220695 PMCID: PMC3887286 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer remains a major cause of cancer mortality in women, with only limited understanding of disease aetiology at the molecular level. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a key regulator of both normal and emergency haematopoiesis, and is used clinically to aid haematopoietic recovery following ablative therapies for a variety of solid tumours including ovarian cancer. Methods: The expression of G-CSF and its receptor, G-CSFR, was examined in primary ovarian cancer samples and a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines, and the effects of G-CSF treatment on proliferation, migration and survival were determined. Results: G-CSFR was predominantly expressed in high-grade serous ovarian epithelial tumour samples and a subset of ovarian cancer cell lines. Stimulation of G-CSFR-expressing ovarian epithelial cancer cells with G-CSF led to increased migration and survival, including against chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. The effects of G-CSF were mediated by signalling via the downstream JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Conclusion: This study suggests that G-CSF has the potential to impact on ovarian cancer pathogenesis, and that G-CSFR expression status should be considered in determining appropriate therapy.
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Behbahani TE, Thierse C, Baumann C, Holl D, Bastian PJ, von Ruecker A, Müller SC, Ellinger J, Hauser S. Tyrosine kinase expression profile in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. World J Urol 2011; 30:559-65. [PMID: 21969129 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-011-0767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To profile different tyrosine kinase (TK) expression patterns in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC). METHODS We analysed mRNA expression levels of 89 receptor and non-receptor TK in corresponding cancer and normal renal tissue from 5 patients with ccRCC using the TaqMan Low-Density Array technology. In order to confirm aberrant TK expressions, a subsequent analysis of 25 ccRCC and corresponding normal renal tissues was performed, applying quantitative real-time PCR. To confirm mRNA expression levels on protein level, we studied ERBB4 and HCK using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS A total of 12 TK were significantly upregulated in ccRCC (ABL2, FLT1, BTK, HCK, JAK3, CSF1R, MET, JAK1, MATK, PTPRC, FYN and CSK), coherently 7 TK demonstrated a down-regulation (ERBB4, PDGFRA, NRTK3, SYK, ERBB2, FGFR3 and PTK7). These findings were validated by the utilization of RT-PCR for ABL2, FLT1 BTK, HCK, JAK3, CSF1R, MET, JAK1, MATK and vice versa for ERBB4 and PDGFRA. Immunohistochemistry revealed ERBB4 expression to be significantly lower in ccRCC in comparison to papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC, renal oncocytoma and normal renal tissue (P < 0.001). HCK protein expression was reduced in ccRCC in contrast to papillary RCC (P < 0.001) or oncocytoma (P = 0.023), but similar to chromphobe RCC (P = 0.470), sarcomatoid RCC (P = 0.754) and normal renal tissue (P = 0.083). Neither ERBB4 nor HCK were correlated (P > 0.05) with clinical-pathological parameters. CONCLUSION TK constitute valuable targets for pharmaceutical anti-cancer therapy. ERBB4 and HCK depict significantly lower expression levels in renal cancer tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turang E Behbahani
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, Bonn, Germany
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de Martino M, Gigante M, Cormio L, Prattichizzo C, Cavalcanti E, Gigante M, Ariano V, Netti GS, Montemurno E, Mancini V, Battaglia M, Gesualdo L, Carrieri G, Ranieri E. JAK3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: mutational screening and clinical implications. Urol Oncol 2011; 31:930-7. [PMID: 21868263 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3) mediates cytokine signaling and T-cell activation. We hypothesized that JAK3 mutations may contribute to the development and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). To test this hypothesis, we performed mutational screening and functional studies. PATIENTS AND METHODS This hospital-based case-control study included 50 patients with ccRCC and 100 age- and gender-matched controls. Both genomic and tumor DNA were extracted. All 23 JAK3 exons were amplified by PCR and analyzed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and automatic sequencing. Effects of JAK3 mutations on interleukin-2-stimulated peripheral T-cells were analyzed by confocal laser-scanning microscopy and immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Four different JAK3 germline missense mutations (p.Gln13Lys; p.Arg925Ser; p.Ala677Thr, p.Val722Ile) were found in a total of 7 ccRCC patients (14%), but in none of the controls (P = 0.0006). All germline mutations were similarly detected in the tumors. An additional somatic missense mutation (p.Tyr238Cys) was found in a patient who had a germline mutation. Four of the mutations have not been previously described (p.Gln13Lys; p.Arg925Ser; p.Ala677Thr, p.Tyr238Cys). Patients with JAK3 mutations more frequently presented with metastases (3 out of 4 [75%] vs. 4 out of 46 [9%]; P = 0.004) and had poorer survival (P = 0.049). In p.Arg925Ser and p.Ala677Thr/p.Val722Ile, functional analyses showed abnormal JAK3 and STAT5 tyrosine phosphorylation and a reduction of JAK3/STAT5 interaction. CONCLUSIONS JAK3 mutations are found in a subset of ccRCC patients and may be associated with ccRCC development and a greater risk of metastases. JAK3 function is compromised in p.Arg925Ser and p.Ala677Thr/p.Val722Ile. Future studies with a larger number of patients need to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela de Martino
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Post-transcriptional fine-tuning of COP9 signalosome subunit biosynthesis is regulated by the c-Myc/Lin28B/let-7 pathway. J Mol Biol 2011; 409:710-21. [PMID: 21530537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2011.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex controls protein degradation via the ubiquitin (Ub) proteasome system (UPS) in eukaryotes. In mammalian cells, the multimeric CSN is composed of eight subunits (CSN1 - CSN8). It regulates cullin-RING Ub ligases (CRLs), which target essential regulatory proteins for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Thereby, the CSN cooperates with the UPS in a variety of essential cellular functions, including DNA repair, cell cycle and differentiation. Although functions of the CSN have been elucidated, mechanisms and regulatory principles of its de novo formation are completely unknown. Here, we show that there is a fundamental mechanism that allows a coordinated expression of all CSN subunits, a prerequisite for CSN assembly. CSN subunit mRNAs are targets of miRNAs of the let-7 family suppressing CSN subunit expression in human cells. Factors that reduce or block let-7 miRNAs induce the coordinated expression of CSN subunits. For instance, over-expression of CSN1 specifically traps let-7a-1 miRNA and elevates CSN subunit levels by two- to fourfold in a coordinated manner. CSN subunit expression is also increased by specific miRNA inhibitors or by interferon (IFN)-mediated induction of STAT1 and c-Myc reducing levels of let-7 miRNAs. Activation of STAT1 by IFNα or IFNγ induces c-Myc, which increases CSN subunit expression via the Lin28B/let-7 regulatory pathway. By contrast, a let-7a-1 mimic reduces CSN subunit expression. Our data show that let-7 miRNAs control the fine-tuning and coordinated expression of subunits for CSN de novo formation, presumably a general regulatory principle for other Zomes complexes as well.
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Tomita S, Ishibashi K, Hashimoto K, Sugino T, Yanagida T, Kushida N, Shishido K, Aikawa K, Sato Y, Suzutani T, Yamaguchi O. Suppression of SOCS3 increases susceptibility of renal cell carcinoma to interferon-α. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:57-63. [PMID: 21054677 PMCID: PMC11159134 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01751.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-α is one of the most commonly used agents in immunotherapy for patients with advanced stage renal cell carcinoma. However, because of the drug resistance to IFN-α, its benefits are limited. In this study, we examined whether repression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins, which are involved in the IFN-induced signaling pathway, can overcome the IFN resistance of renal cell carcinoma. The effect of IFN-α on SOCS3 expression and cell proliferation was examined using IFN-resistant 786-O and IFN-sensitive ACHN cell lines. The effects of SOCS3-targeted siRNA on 786-O xenografts were determined by SOCS3 expression, morphological observation, and tumor volume. The SOCS3 mRNA expression level was significantly increased by IFN-α stimulation in 786-O, but not in ACHN cells. The overexpression of SOCS3 by gene transfection in ACHN cells significantly inhibited the growth-inhibitory effect of IFN-α. Suppression of SOCS3 expression in 786-O cells by siRNA activated the IFN signaling pathway through signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 phosphorylation and recovered sensitivity to IFN-α. An in vivo study indicated that co-administration of SOCS3-targeted siRNA promoted IFN-α-induced cell death and growth suppression in 786-O cell xenograft in nude mice. Morphological observation of the tumors revealed the inhibition of SOCS3-induced apoptosis, invasion of inflammatory cells and fibrosis. SOCS3 could be a key component in the resistance to IFN treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Silencing SOCS3 gene expression could be an effective strategy to enhance the antitumor effect of IFN in human renal cell carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Tomita
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Chen X, Zhang H, McAfee S, Zhang C. The reciprocal relationship between adiponectin and LOX-1 in the regulation of endothelial dysfunction in ApoE knockout mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H605-12. [PMID: 20581092 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01096.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the reciprocal association between adiponectin and lectin-like oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) receptor (LOX)-1 contributes to the regulation of aortic endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. To test this hypothesis, endothelium-dependent (ACh) and endothelium-independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasorelaxation of isolated aortic rings from control mice, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice, and ApoE KO mice treated with either adiponectin (15 microg x day(-1) x mouse(-1) sc for 8 days) or neutralizing antibody to LOX-1 (anti-LOX-1, 16 microg/ml, 0.1 ml/mouse ip for 7 days) were examined. Although vasorelaxation to sodium nitroprusside was not different between control and ApoE KO mice, relaxation to ACh was impaired in ApoE KO mice. Adiponectin and anti-LOX-1 restored nitric oxide-mediated endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in ApoE KO mice. Aortic ROS formation and ox-LDL uptake were increased in ApoE KO mice. Both adiponectin and anti-LOX-1 treatment reduced ROS production and aortic ox-LDL uptake. In mouse coronary artery endothelial cells, TNF-alpha incubation increased endothelial LOX-1 expression. Adiponectin reduced TNF-alpha-induced LOX-1 expression. Consistently, in ApoE KO mice, adiponectin treatment reversed elevated LOX-1 expression in aortas. Immunofluorescence staining showed that adiponectin was mainly colocalized with endothelial cells. Although adiponectin expression was lower in ApoE KO versus control mice, anti-LOX-1 increased aortic adiponectin expression, suggesting a reciprocal regulation between adiponectin and LOX-1. Moreover, both adiponectin and anti-LOX-1 reduced NF-kappaB expression in ApoE KO mice. Thus, adiponectin and LOX-1 may converge on NF-kappaB signaling to regulate their function. In conclusion, our results indicate that the reciprocal regulation between adiponectin and LOX-1 amplifies oxidative stress and ox-LDL uptake, leading to endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalton CardiovascularResearch Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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Bogazzi F, Ultimieri F, Raggi F, Russo D, Costa A, Marciano E, Bartalena L, Martino E. Changes in the expression of suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) 2 in the colonic mucosa of acromegalic patients are associated with hyperplastic polyps. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009; 70:898-906. [PMID: 18844680 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acromegalic patients have increased prevalence of colonic polyps. Development of hyperplastic polyps was related to suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) 2 haploinsufficiency in animal models of acromegaly. OBJECTIVE AND PATIENTS To evaluate whether variations in SOCS2 expression in the colonic mucosa of acromegalic patients might be associated to hyperplastic polyps, patients with active acromegaly or disease in remission with or without hyperplastic polyps were studied; controls were non-acromegalic subjects age- and sex- matched with or without polyps. MEASUREMENTS Expression of SOCS1-3 was evaluated by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and Western blot in the colonic mucosa. Coimmunoprecipatiton was used to evaluate multimeric protein complexes. RESULTS Acromegalic patients with active disease and hyperplastic polyps had higher levels of SOCS2 transcripts; on the contrary, SOCS1 and SOCS3 transcripts did not differ among the study groups. While the expression of SOCS2 and SOCS3 protein was indistinguishable with that of the corresponding transcripts, SOCS1 protein expression was reduced in active acromegalic patients with polyps. SOCS1 protein was reduced owing to its increased proteasome degradation mediated by SOCS2. The increased SOCS2 and reduced SOCS1 led to increased STAT5b expression, suggesting a higher GH signalling transduction. CONCLUSIONS Acromegalic patients with active disease and hyperplastic polyps have high levels of SOCS2 and increased SOCS1 degradation, leading to reduced negative feedback on GH signalling, likely favouring a hyperplastic polyps phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Bogazzi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Italy.
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Loss of p53 enhances catalytic activity of IKKbeta through O-linked beta-N-acetyl glucosamine modification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:3431-6. [PMID: 19202066 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0813210106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The IkappaB kinase (IKK)-NF-kappaB pathway plays a critical role in oncogenesis. Recently, we have shown that p53 regulates glucose metabolism through the IKK-NF-kappaB pathway and that, in the absence of p53, the positive feedback loop between IKK-NF-kappaB and glycolysis has an integral role in oncogene-induced cell transformation. Here, we demonstrate that IKKbeta, a component of the IKK complex, was constitutively modified with O-linked beta-N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in both p53-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and transformed human fibroblasts. In p53-deficient cells, the O-GlcNAcylated IKKbeta and the activating phosphorylation of IKK were decreased by p65/NF-kappaB knockdown or glucose depletion. We also found that high glucose induced the O-GlcNAcylation of IKKbeta and sustained the TNFalpha-dependent IKKbeta activity. Moreover, the O-GlcNAcase inhibitor streptozotocin intensified O-GlcNAcylation and concomitant activating phosphorylation of IKKbeta. Mutational analysis revealed that O-GlcNAcylation of IKKbeta occurred at Ser 733 in the C-terminal domain, which was identified as an inactivating phosphorylation site, suggesting that IKKbeta O-GlcNAcylation regulates its catalytic activity. Taken together, we propose a novel mechanism for the enhancement of NF-kappaB activity by loss of p53, which evokes positive feedback regulation from enhanced glucose metabolism to IKK in oncogenesis.
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Abstract
The suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) box is a structural domain found at the C-terminus of over 70 human proteins. It is usually coupled to a protein interaction module such as an SH2 domain in case of SOCS proteins, a family of modulators of cytokine signaling. The SOCS box participates in the formation of E3 ligase complexes, marking activated cytokine receptor complexes for proteasomal degradation. A similar mechanism was recently uncovered for controlling SOCS activity itself, since SOCS2 was found to enhance the turnover of other SOCS proteins. The SOCS box can also add unique features to individual SOCS proteins: it can function as an adaptor domain as was demonstrated for SOCS3, or as a modulator of substrate binding in case of CIS. In this review we discuss these multiple roles of the SOCS box, which emerges as a versatile module controlling cytokine signaling via multiple mechanisms.
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Tan X, Zhai Y, Chang W, Hou J, He S, Lin L, Yu Y, Xu D, Xiao J, Ma L, Wang G, Cao T, Cao G. Global analysis of metastasis-associated gene expression in primary cultures from clinical specimens of clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2008; 123:1080-8. [PMID: 18546293 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a poor prognosis and unpredictable course, and there are no molecular markers that reliably predict ccRCC metastasis. In this study, ccRCC specimens from 84 patients were directly cultured in vitro. Primary cultures from 38 of 94 specimens contained more than 90% tumor cells at the fourth passage. After identification by immunostaining, the primary cultures of metastatic and nonmetastatic ccRCC specimens from the age- and gender-matched patients were subjected to cDNA microarray assays. A total of 842 differentially expressed genes with a FDR (false discovery rate) of 4.79% were identified. Pathway analysis and co-occurrence with "cancer", "metastasis" and "invasion" in the literature annotations functionally enriched the 842 genes and provided an indication of the reliability of our microarray assays. Novel genes associated with metastasis were selected based on protein-protein interactions between 205 differentially expressed genes that co-occurred with "metastasis" and those that did not co-occur with "metastasis" on Medline, and the results of co-expression analysis between the co-occurred genes and unpublished genes. FSTL1, AV722783, SLC15A1, DDX17, ORC2L and PKMYT1 were found to be potential ccRCC metastasis-associated novel genes, according to expression patterns in cultures and tumor tissues. Interestingly, the upregulated genes (CAV1, PKMYT1 and ORC2L) were also upregulated and the downregulated genes (FSTL1, GSTM3, CYR61, SLC15A1 and AV722783) were also downregulated in the primary ccRCC specimens compared with expression in adjacent renal tissues in 37 patients. This study has identified new candidate biomarkers and targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Tan
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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HSP72 protects against obesity-induced insulin resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:1739-44. [PMID: 18223156 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0705799105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes have reduced gene expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 72, which correlates with reduced insulin sensitivity. Heat therapy, which activates HSP72, improves clinical parameters in these patients. Activation of several inflammatory signaling proteins such as c-jun amino terminal kinase (JNK), inhibitor of kappaB kinase, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, can induce insulin resistance, but HSP 72 can block the induction of these molecules in vitro. Accordingly, we examined whether activation of HSP72 can protect against the development of insulin resistance. First, we show that obese, insulin resistant humans have reduced HSP72 protein expression and increased JNK phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. We next used heat shock therapy, transgenic overexpression, and pharmacologic means to overexpress HSP72 either specifically in skeletal muscle or globally in mice. Herein, we show that regardless of the means used to achieve an elevation in HSP72 protein, protection against diet- or obesity-induced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance was observed. This protection was tightly associated with the prevention of JNK phosphorylation. These findings identify an essential role for HSP72 in blocking inflammation and preventing insulin resistance in the context of genetic obesity or high-fat feeding.
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