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Schiano G, Lake J, Mariniello M, Schaeffer C, Harvent M, Rampoldi L, Olinger E, Devuyst O. Allelic effects on uromodulin aggregates drive autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e18242. [PMID: 37885358 PMCID: PMC10701617 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202318242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in the uromodulin (UMOD) gene cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD), one of the most common monogenic kidney diseases. The unknown impact of the allelic and gene dosage effects and fate of mutant uromodulin leaves open the gap between postulated gain-of-function mutations, end-organ damage and disease progression in ADTKD. Based on two prevalent missense UMOD mutations with divergent disease progression, we generated UmodC171Y and UmodR186S knock-in mice that showed strong allelic and gene dosage effects on uromodulin aggregates and activation of ER stress and unfolded protein and immune responses, leading to variable kidney damage. Deletion of the wild-type Umod allele in heterozygous UmodR186S mice increased the formation of uromodulin aggregates and ER stress. Studies in kidney tubular cells confirmed differences in uromodulin aggregates, with activation of mutation-specific quality control and clearance mechanisms. Enhancement of autophagy by starvation and mTORC1 inhibition decreased uromodulin aggregates. These studies substantiate the role of toxic aggregates as driving progression of ADTKD-UMOD, relevant for therapeutic strategies to improve clearance of mutant uromodulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Schiano
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Jennifer Lake
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Marta Mariniello
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Céline Schaeffer
- Molecular Genetics of Renal Disorders, Division of Genetics and Cell BiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Marianne Harvent
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et CliniqueUCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Luca Rampoldi
- Molecular Genetics of Renal Disorders, Division of Genetics and Cell BiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Eric Olinger
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
- Center for Human GeneticsCliniques Universitaires Saint‐Luc, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et CliniqueUCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
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2
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Thielemans R, Speeckaert R, Delrue C, De Bruyne S, Oyaert M, Speeckaert MM. Unveiling the Hidden Power of Uromodulin: A Promising Potential Biomarker for Kidney Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3077. [PMID: 37835820 PMCID: PMC10572911 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin, also known as Tamm-Horsfall protein, represents the predominant urinary protein in healthy individuals. Over the years, studies have revealed compelling associations between urinary and serum concentrations of uromodulin and various parameters, encompassing kidney function, graft survival, cardiovascular disease, glucose metabolism, and overall mortality. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in uromodulin as a novel and effective biomarker with potential applications in diverse clinical settings. Reduced urinary uromodulin levels have been linked to an elevated risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery. In the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of different etiologies, urinary uromodulin levels tend to decrease significantly and are strongly correlated with variations in estimated glomerular filtration rate. The presence of uromodulin in the serum, attributable to basolateral epithelial cell leakage in the thick ascending limb, has been observed. This serum uromodulin level is closely associated with kidney function and histological severity, suggesting its potential as a biomarker capable of reflecting disease severity across a spectrum of kidney disorders. The UMOD gene has emerged as a prominent locus linked to kidney function parameters and CKD risk within the general population. Extensive research in multiple disciplines has underscored the biological significance of the top UMOD gene variants, which have also been associated with hypertension and kidney stones, thus highlighting the diverse and significant impact of uromodulin on kidney-related conditions. UMOD gene mutations are implicated in uromodulin-associated kidney disease, while polymorphisms in the UMOD gene show a significant association with CKD. In conclusion, uromodulin holds great promise as an informative biomarker, providing valuable insights into kidney function and disease progression in various clinical scenarios. The identification of UMOD gene variants further strengthens its relevance as a potential target for better understanding kidney-related pathologies and devising novel therapeutic strategies. Future investigations into the roles of uromodulin and regulatory mechanisms are likely to yield even more profound implications for kidney disease diagnosis, risk assessment, and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raïsa Thielemans
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (R.T.); (C.D.)
| | | | - Charlotte Delrue
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (R.T.); (C.D.)
| | - Sander De Bruyne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (M.O.)
| | - Matthijs Oyaert
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (M.O.)
| | - Marijn M. Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (R.T.); (C.D.)
- Research Foundation Flanders, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Utami SB, Endo R, Hamada T, Notsu T, Minato H, Komatsu K, Nakayama Y, Shirayoshi Y, Yamamoto K, Okada S, Ninomiya H, Otuki A, Hisatome I. Hsp70 promotes maturation of uromodulin mutants that cause familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy and suppresses cellular damage. Clin Exp Nephrol 2022; 26:522-529. [PMID: 35212881 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-022-02196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in UMOD. Here we studied effects of genetic expression and pharmacological induction of Hsp70 on the UMOD mutants C112Y and C217G. METHODS We expressed wild type (WT), C112Y and C217G in HEK293 cells and studied their maturation and cellular damage using western blot and flow cytometry. RESULTS Expression of C112Y or C217G increased pro-apoptotic proteins, decreased anti-apoptotic proteins, and induced cellular apoptosis as examined by annexin V staining and flow cytometry. Overexpression of Hsp70 or administration of an Hsp70 inducer geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) promoted maturation of the mutant proteins, increased their secreted forms, normalized the levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and suppressed apoptosis. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that Hsp70 enhanced maturation of C112Y and C217G and reduced cellular apoptosis, suggesting that Hsp70 induction might be of a therapeutic value for treatment of FJHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulistiyati Bayu Utami
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Ryo Endo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Hamada
- Department of Community-Based Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Notsu
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Minato
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Koji Komatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakayama
- Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Shirayoshi
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Shinichi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonago Medical Center, Yonago, Japan
| | - Haruaki Ninomiya
- Department of Biological Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Akihiro Otuki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hisatome
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yonago Medical Center, Yonago, Japan
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4
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Abstract
Uromodulin, a protein exclusively produced by the kidney, is the most abundant urinary protein in physiological conditions. Already described several decades ago, uromodulin has gained the spotlight in recent years, since the discovery that mutations in its encoding gene UMOD cause a renal Mendelian disease (autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease) and that common polymorphisms are associated with multifactorial disorders, such as chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, variations in uromodulin levels in urine and/or blood reflect kidney functioning mass and are of prognostic value for renal function, cardiovascular events, and overall mortality. The clinical relevance of uromodulin reflects its multifunctional nature, playing a role in renal ion transport and immunomodulation, in protection against urinary tract infections and renal stones, and possibly as a systemic antioxidant. Here, we discuss the multifaceted roles of this protein in kidney physiology and its translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Schaeffer
- Molecular Genetics of Renal Disorders, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy;
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders Group, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Rampoldi
- Molecular Genetics of Renal Disorders, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy;
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5
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Plotkin M, O'Brien CA, Goellner J, Williams J, Carter W, Sharma S, Stone A. A Uromodulin Mutation Drives Autoimmunity and Kidney Mononuclear Phagocyte Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:2436-2452. [PMID: 32926855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We identified a family with a UMOD gene mutation (C106F) resulting in glomerular inflammation and complement deposition. To determine if the observed phenotype is due to immune system activation by mutant uromodulin, a mouse strain with a homologous cysteine to phenylalanine mutation (C105F) in the UMOD gene was generated using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and the effect of this mutation on mononuclear phagocytic cells was examined. Mutant mice developed high levels of intracellular and secreted aggregated uromodulin, resulting in anti-uromodulin antibodies and circulating uromodulin containing immune complexes with glomerular deposition and kidney fibrosis with aging. F4/80+ and CD11c+ kidney cells phagocytize uromodulin. Differential gene expression analysis by RNA sequencing of F4/80+ phagocytic cells revealed activation of the activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5)-mediated stress response pathway in mutant mice. Phagocytosis of mutant uromodulin by cultured dendritic cells resulted in activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway and markers of cell inactivation, an effect not seen with wild-type protein. Mutant mice demonstrate a twofold increase in T-regulatory cells, consistent with induction of immune tolerance, resulting in decreased inflammatory response and improved tissue repair following ischemia-reperfusion injury. The C105F mutation results in autoantibodies against aggregated misfolded protein with immune complex formation and kidney fibrosis. Aggregated uromodulin may induce dendritic cell tolerance following phagocytosis through an unfolded protein/endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway, resulting in decreased inflammation following tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Plotkin
- Renal Division, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.
| | - Charles A O'Brien
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Joseph Goellner
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Joshua Williams
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Weleetka Carter
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | - Annjanette Stone
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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6
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Nie M, Bal MS, Liu J, Yang Z, Rivera C, Wu XR, Hoenderop JGJ, Bindels RJM, Marciano DK, Wolf MTF. Uromodulin regulates renal magnesium homeostasis through the ion channel transient receptor potential melastatin 6 (TRPM6). J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16488-16502. [PMID: 30139743 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 15% of the population have mild to moderate chronic hypomagnesemia, which is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease. The kidney is the key organ for magnesium homeostasis, but our understanding of renal magnesium regulation is very limited. Uromodulin (UMOD) is the most abundant urinary protein in humans, and here we report that UMOD has a role in renal magnesium homeostasis. Umod-knockout (Umod -/-) mice excreted more urinary magnesium than WT mice and displayed up-regulation of genes promoting magnesium absorption. The majority of magnesium is absorbed in the thick ascending limb. However, both mouse strains responded similarly to the diuretic agent furosemide, indicating appropriate function of the thick ascending limb in the Umod -/- mice. Magnesium absorption is fine-tuned in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) via the apical magnesium channel transient receptor potential melastatin 6 (TRPM6). We observed decreased apical Trpm6 staining in the DCT of Umod -/- mice. Applying biotinylation assays and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, we found that UMOD enhances TRPM6 cell-surface abundance and current density from the extracellular space. UMOD physically interacted with TRPM6 and thereby impaired dynamin-dependent TRPM6 endocytosis. WT mice fed a low-magnesium diet had an increased urinary UMOD secretion compared with the same mice on a regular diet. Our results suggest that increased urinary UMOD secretion in low-magnesium states reduces TRPM6 endocytosis and thereby up-regulates TRPM6 cell-surface abundance to defend against further urinary magnesium losses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jie Liu
- From the Departments of Pediatrics and
| | - Zhufeng Yang
- Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | | | - Xue-Ru Wu
- the Departments of Urology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, and
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- the Department of Physiology, Radboud Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René J M Bindels
- the Department of Physiology, Radboud Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Denise K Marciano
- Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
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7
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Fuchs H, Aguilar-Pimentel JA, Amarie OV, Becker L, Calzada-Wack J, Cho YL, Garrett L, Hölter SM, Irmler M, Kistler M, Kraiger M, Mayer-Kuckuk P, Moreth K, Rathkolb B, Rozman J, da Silva Buttkus P, Treise I, Zimprich A, Gampe K, Hutterer C, Stöger C, Leuchtenberger S, Maier H, Miller M, Scheideler A, Wu M, Beckers J, Bekeredjian R, Brielmeier M, Busch DH, Klingenspor M, Klopstock T, Ollert M, Schmidt-Weber C, Stöger T, Wolf E, Wurst W, Yildirim AÖ, Zimmer A, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabě de Angelis M. Understanding gene functions and disease mechanisms: Phenotyping pipelines in the German Mouse Clinic. Behav Brain Res 2017; 352:187-196. [PMID: 28966146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since decades, model organisms have provided an important approach for understanding the mechanistic basis of human diseases. The German Mouse Clinic (GMC) was the first phenotyping facility that established a collaboration-based platform for phenotype characterization of mouse lines. In order to address individual projects by a tailor-made phenotyping strategy, the GMC advanced in developing a series of pipelines with tests for the analysis of specific disease areas. For a general broad analysis, there is a screening pipeline that covers the key parameters for the most relevant disease areas. For hypothesis-driven phenotypic analyses, there are thirteen additional pipelines with focus on neurological and behavioral disorders, metabolic dysfunction, respiratory system malfunctions, immune-system disorders and imaging techniques. In this article, we give an overview of the pipelines and describe the scientific rationale behind the different test combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juan Antonio Aguilar-Pimentel
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oana V Amarie
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yi-Li Cho
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lillian Garrett
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine M Hölter
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Irmler
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Kistler
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Kraiger
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Mayer-Kuckuk
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristin Moreth
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia da Silva Buttkus
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Irina Treise
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annemarie Zimprich
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristine Gampe
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine Hutterer
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Stöger
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Leuchtenberger
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Holger Maier
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Miller
- Research Unit Comparative Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Scheideler
- Research Unit Comparative Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Moya Wu
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 8, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Raffi Bekeredjian
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Brielmeier
- Research Unit Comparative Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 30, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technical University Munich, EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany; ZIEL - Institute for Food and Health, Technical University Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Ziemssenstr. 1a, 80336 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 80336 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schillerstr. 44, 80336 Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, Rue Henri Koch, 4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Carsten Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technische Universität München, and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter-Landstr., 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Stöger
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 80336 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schillerstr. 44, 80336 Munich, Germany; Chair of Developmental Genetics, Technische Universität München Freising-Weihenstephan, c/o Helmholtz Zentrum München Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ali Önder Yildirim
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Sigmund Freud Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Valérie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter-Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 8, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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8
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Kumar S, Rathkolb B, Sabrautzki S, Krebs S, Kemter E, Becker L, Beckers J, Bekeredjian R, Brommage R, Calzada-Wack J, Garrett L, Hölter SM, Horsch M, Klingenspor M, Klopstock T, Moreth K, Neff F, Rozman J, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabe de Angelis M, Wolf E, Aigner B. Standardized, systemic phenotypic analysis reveals kidney dysfunction as main alteration of Kctd1 I27N mutant mice. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:57. [PMID: 28818080 PMCID: PMC5559776 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased levels of blood plasma urea were used as phenotypic parameter for establishing novel mouse models for kidney diseases on the genetic background of C3H inbred mice in the phenotype-driven Munich ENU mouse mutagenesis project. The phenotypically dominant mutant line HST014 was established and further analyzed. Methods Analysis of the causative mutation as well as the standardized, systemic phenotypic analysis of the mutant line was carried out. Results The causative mutation was detected in the potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 1 (Kctd1) gene which leads to the amino acid exchange Kctd1I27N thereby affecting the functional BTB domain of the protein. This line is the first mouse model harboring a Kctd1 mutation. Kctd1I27N homozygous mutant mice die perinatally. Standardized, systemic phenotypic analysis of Kctd1I27N heterozygous mutants was carried out in the German Mouse Clinic (GMC). Systematic morphological investigation of the external physical appearance did not detect the specific alterations that are described in KCTD1 mutant human patients affected by the scalp-ear-nipple (SEN) syndrome. The main pathological phenotype of the Kctd1I27N heterozygous mutant mice consists of kidney dysfunction and secondary effects thereof, without gross additional primary alterations in the other phenotypic parameters analyzed. Genome-wide transcriptome profiling analysis at the age of 4 months revealed about 100 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in kidneys of Kctd1I27N heterozygous mutants as compared to wild-type controls. Conclusions In summary, the main alteration of the Kctd1I27N heterozygous mutants consists in kidney dysfunction. Additional analyses in 9–21 week-old heterozygous mutants revealed only few minor effects. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12929-017-0365-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kumar
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sibylle Sabrautzki
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Research Unit Comparative Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kemter
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, TU Munich, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Raffi Bekeredjian
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Brommage
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Calzada-Wack
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lillian Garrett
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine M Hölter
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marion Horsch
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, TU Munich, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University Hospital Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristin Moreth
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frauke Neff
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, TU Munich, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valérie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, TU Munich, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Aigner
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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9
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Devuyst O, Olinger E, Rampoldi L. Uromodulin: from physiology to rare and complex kidney disorders. Nat Rev Nephrol 2017; 13:525-544. [PMID: 28781372 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Uromodulin (also known as Tamm-Horsfall protein) is exclusively produced in the kidney and is the most abundant protein in normal urine. The function of uromodulin remains elusive, but the available data suggest that this protein might regulate salt transport, protect against urinary tract infection and kidney stones, and have roles in kidney injury and innate immunity. Interest in uromodulin was boosted by genetic studies that reported involvement of the UMOD gene, which encodes uromodulin, in a spectrum of rare and common kidney diseases. Rare mutations in UMOD cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD), which leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Moreover, genome-wide association studies have identified common variants in UMOD that are strongly associated with risk of CKD and also with hypertension and kidney stones in the general population. These findings have opened up a new field of kidney research. In this Review we summarize biochemical, physiological, genetic and pathological insights into the roles of uromodulin; the mechanisms by which UMOD mutations cause ADTKD, and the association of common UMOD variants with complex disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Olinger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Rampoldi
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
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10
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Early involvement of cellular stress and inflammatory signals in the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial kidney disease due to UMOD mutations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7383. [PMID: 28785050 PMCID: PMC5547146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07804-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is an inherited disorder that causes progressive kidney damage and renal failure. Mutations in the UMOD gene, encoding uromodulin, lead to ADTKD-UMOD related. Uromodulin is a GPI-anchored protein exclusively produced by epithelial cells of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. It is released in the tubular lumen after proteolytic cleavage and represents the most abundant protein in human urine in physiological condition. We previously generated and characterized a transgenic mouse model expressing mutant uromodulin (Tg UmodC147W) that recapitulates the main features of ATDKD-UMOD. While several studies clearly demonstrated that mutated uromodulin accumulates in endoplasmic reticulum, the mechanisms that lead to renal damage are not fully understood. In our work, we used kidney transcriptional profiling to identify early events of pathogenesis in the kidneys of Tg UmodC147W mice. Our results demonstrate up-regulation of inflammation and fibrosis and down-regulation of lipid metabolism in young Tg UmodC147W mice, before any functional or histological evidence of kidney damage. We also show that pro-inflammatory signals precede fibrosis onset and are already present in the first week after birth. Early induction of inflammation is likely relevant for ADTKD-UMOD pathogenesis and related pathways can be envisaged as possible novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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11
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Piret SE, Olinger E, Reed AAC, Nesbit MA, Hough TA, Bentley L, Devuyst O, Cox RD, Thakker RV. A mouse model for inherited renal fibrosis associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:773-786. [PMID: 28325753 PMCID: PMC5483009 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.029488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common feature of renal failure resulting from multiple etiologies, including diabetic nephropathy, hypertension and inherited renal disorders. However, the mechanisms of renal fibrosis are incompletely understood and we therefore explored these by establishing a mouse model for a renal tubular disorder, referred to as autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) due to missense uromodulin (UMOD) mutations (ADTKD-UMOD). ADTKD-UMOD, which is associated with retention of mutant uromodulin in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of renal thick ascending limb cells, is characterized by hyperuricemia, interstitial fibrosis, inflammation and renal failure, and we used targeted homologous recombination to generate a knock-in mouse model with an ADTKD-causing missense cysteine to arginine uromodulin mutation (C125R). Heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice developed reduced uric acid excretion, renal fibrosis, immune cell infiltration and progressive renal failure, with decreased maturation and excretion of uromodulin, due to its retention in the ER. The ER stress marker 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) was elevated in cells expressing mutant uromodulin in heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice, and this was accompanied, both in vivo and ex vivo, by upregulation of two unfolded protein response pathways in primary thick ascending limb cells from homozygous mutant mice. However, this did not lead to an increase in apoptosis in vivo. Thus, we have developed a novel mouse model for renal fibrosis, which will be a valuable resource to decipher the mechanisms linking uromodulin mutations with ER stress and renal fibrosis. Summary: A mouse model for renal fibrosis caused by uromodulin mutations reveals roles for ER stress and the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian E Piret
- Academic Endocrine Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Eric Olinger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Anita A C Reed
- Academic Endocrine Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - M Andrew Nesbit
- Academic Endocrine Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Tertius A Hough
- MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Liz Bentley
- MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Roger D Cox
- MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit and Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Rajesh V Thakker
- Academic Endocrine Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
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12
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Mitochondrial Dysregulation Secondary to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease - UMOD (ADTKD-UMOD). Sci Rep 2017; 7:42970. [PMID: 28220896 PMCID: PMC5318959 DOI: 10.1038/srep42970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
‘Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease – UMOD’ (ADTKD-UMOD) is caused by impaired maturation and secretion of mutant uromodulin (UMOD) in thick ascending limb of Henle loop (TAL) cells, resulting in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). To gain insight into pathophysiology, we analysed proteome profiles of TAL-enriched outer renal medulla samples from ADTKD-UMOD and control mice by quantitative LC-MS/MS. In total, 212 differentially abundant proteins were identified. Numerous ER proteins, including BiP (HSPA5), phosphorylated eIF2α (EIF2S1), ATF4, ATF6 and CHOP (DDIT3), were increased abundant, consistent with UPR. The abundance of hypoxia-inducible proteins with stress survival functions, i.e. HYOU1, TXNDC5 and ERO1L, was also increased. TAL cells in ADTKD-UMOD showed a decreased proportion of mitochondria and reduced abundance of multiple mitochondrial proteins, associated with disturbed post-translational processing and activation of the mitochondrial transcription factor NRF1. Impaired fission of organelles, as suggested by reduced abundance of FIS1, may be another reason for disturbed biogenesis of mitochondria and peroxisomes. Reduced amounts of numerous proteins of the OXPHOS and citrate cycle pathways, and activation of the LKB1-AMPK-pathway, a sensor pathway of cellular energy deficits, suggest impaired energy homeostasis. In conclusion, our study revealed secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in ADTKD-UMOD.
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13
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Moor MB, Bonny O. Ways of calcium reabsorption in the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 310:F1337-50. [PMID: 27009338 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00273.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the kidney in calcium homeostasis has been reshaped from a classic view in which the kidney was regulated by systemic calcitropic hormones such as vitamin D3 or parathyroid hormone to an organ actively taking part in the regulation of calcium handling. With the identification of the intrinsic renal calcium-sensing receptor feedback system, the regulation of paracellular calcium transport involving claudins, and new paracrine regulators such as klotho, the kidney has emerged as a crucial modulator not only of calciuria but also of calcium homeostasis. This review summarizes recent molecular and endocrine contributors to renal calcium handling and highlights the tight link between calcium and sodium reabsorption in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias B Moor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; and
| | - Olivier Bonny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; and Service of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Generation and Standardized, Systemic Phenotypic Analysis of Pou3f3L423P Mutant Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150472. [PMID: 27003440 PMCID: PMC4803225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased levels of blood plasma urea were used as phenotypic parameter for establishing novel mouse models for kidney diseases on the genetic background of C3H inbred mice in the phenotype-driven Munich ENU mouse mutagenesis project. The phenotypically recessive mutant line HST011 was established and further analyzed. The causative mutation was detected in the POU domain, class 3 transcription factor 3 (Pou3f3) gene, which leads to the amino acid exchange Pou3f3L423P thereby affecting the conserved homeobox domain of the protein. Pou3f3 homozygous knockout mice are published and show perinatal death. Line Pou3f3L423P is a viable mouse model harboring a homozygous Pou3f3 mutation. Standardized, systemic phenotypic analysis of homozygous mutants was carried out in the German Mouse Clinic. Main phenotypic changes were low body weight and a state of low energy stores, kidney dysfunction and secondary effects thereof including low bone mineralization, multiple behavioral and neurological defects including locomotor, vestibular, auditory and nociceptive impairments, as well as multiple subtle changes in immunological parameters. Genome-wide transcriptome profiling analysis of kidney and brain of Pou3f3L423P homozygous mutants identified significantly regulated genes as compared to wild-type controls.
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15
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Horsch M, Beckers J, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabě de Angelis M, Rathkolb B, Wolf E, Aigner B, Kemter E. Uromodulin retention in thick ascending limb of Henle's loop affects SCD1 in neighboring proximal tubule: renal transcriptome studies in mouse models of uromodulin-associated kidney disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113125. [PMID: 25409434 PMCID: PMC4237372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin-associated kidney disease (UAKD) is a hereditary progressive renal disease which can lead to renal failure and requires renal replacement therapy. UAKD belongs to the endoplasmic reticulum storage diseases due to maturation defect of mutant uromodulin and its retention in the enlarged endoplasmic reticulum in the cells of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TALH). Dysfunction of TALH represents the key pathogenic mechanism of UAKD causing the clinical symptoms of this disease. However, the molecular alterations underlying UAKD are not well understood. In this study, transcriptome profiling of whole kidneys of two mouse models of UAKD, UmodA227T and UmodC93F, was performed. Genes differentially abundant in UAKD affected kidneys of both Umod mutant lines at different disease stages were identified and verified by RT-qPCR. Additionally, differential protein abundances of SCD1 and ANGPTL7 were validated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. ANGPTL7 expression was down-regulated in TALH cells of Umod mutant mice which is the site of the mutant uromodulin maturation defect. SCD1 was expressed selectively in the S3 segment of proximal tubule cells, and SCD1 abundance was increased in UAKD affected kidneys. This finding demonstrates that a cross talk between two functionally distinct tubular segments of the kidney, the TALH segment and the S3 segment of proximal tubule, exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Horsch
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valérie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Aigner
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kemter
- Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU München, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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16
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Mao S, Zhang A, Huang S. The signaling pathway of uromodulin and its role in kidney diseases. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2014; 34:440-4. [PMID: 24849497 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2014.920029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The uromodulin (UMOD) is a glycoprotein expressed exclusively by renal tubular cells lining the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. UMOD acts as a regulatory protein in health and in various conditions. For kidney diseases, its role remains elusive. On one hand, UMOD plays a role in binding and excretion of various potentially injurious products from the tubular fluid. On the other hand, chronic kidney disease is associated with higher serum levels of UMOD. Signaling pathways might be very important in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. We performed this review to provide a relatively complete signaling pathway flowchart for UMOD to the investigators who were interested in the role of UMOD in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Here, we reviewed the signal transduction pathway of UMOD and its role in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
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17
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Kemter E, Sklenak S, Rathkolb B, Hrabě de Angelis M, Wolf E, Aigner B, Wanke R. No amelioration of uromodulin maturation and trafficking defect by sodium 4-phenylbutyrate in vivo: studies in mouse models of uromodulin-associated kidney disease. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10715-10726. [PMID: 24567330 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.537035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin (UMOD)-associated kidney disease (UAKD) belongs to the hereditary progressive ER storage diseases caused by maturation defects of mutant UMOD protein. Current treatments of UAKD patients are symptomatic and cannot prevent disease progression. Two in vitro studies reported a positive effect of the chemical chaperone sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) on mutant UMOD maturation. Thus, 4-PBA was suggested as a potential treatment for UAKD. This study evaluated the effects of 4-PBA in two mouse models of UAKD. In contrast to previous in vitro studies, treatment with 4-PBA did not increase HSP70 expression or improve maturation and trafficking of mutant UMOD in vivo. Kidney function of UAKD mice was actually deteriorated by 4-PBA treatment. In transfected tubular epithelial cells, 4-PBA did not improve maturation but increased the expression level of both mutant and wild-type UMOD protein. Activation of NF-κB pathway in thick ascending limb of Henle's loop cells of UAKD mice was detected by increased abundance of RelB and phospho-IκB kinase α/β, an indirect activator of NF-κB. Furthermore, the abundance of NF-κB1 p105/p50, NF-κB2 p100/p52, and TRAF2 was increased in UAKD. NF-κB activation was identified as a novel disease mechanism of UAKD and might be a target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kemter
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Sklenak
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Research Center of Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Research Center of Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Aigner
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruediger Wanke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany
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Kemter E, Prückl P, Rathkolb B, Micklich K, Adler T, Becker L, Beckers J, Busch DH, Götz AA, Hans W, Horsch M, Ivandic B, Klingenspor M, Klopstock T, Rozman J, Schrewe A, Schulz H, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabé de Angelis M, Wolf E, Aigner B. Standardized, systemic phenotypic analysis of Umod(C93F) and Umod(A227T) mutant mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78337. [PMID: 24205203 PMCID: PMC3813435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin-associated kidney disease (UAKD) summarizes different clinical features of an autosomal dominant heritable disease syndrome in humans with a proven uromodulin (UMOD) mutation involved. It is often characterized by hyperuricemia, gout, alteration of urine concentrating ability, as well as a variable rate of disease progression inconstantly leading to renal failure and histological alterations of the kidneys. We recently established the two Umod mutant mouse lines Umod(C93F) and Umod(A227T) on the C3H inbred genetic background both showing kidney defects analogous to those found in human UAKD patients. In addition, disease symptoms were revealed that were not yet described in other published mouse models of UAKD. To examine if further organ systems and/or metabolic pathways are affected by Umod mutations as primary or secondary effects, we describe a standardized, systemic phenotypic analysis of the two mutant mouse lines Umod(A227T) and Umod(C93F) in the German Mouse Clinic. Different genotypes as well as different ages were tested. Beside the already published changes in body weight, body composition and bone metabolism, the influence of the Umod mutation on energy metabolism was confirmed. Hematological analysis revealed a moderate microcytic and erythropenic anemia in older Umod mutant mice. Data of the other analyses in 7-10 month-old mutant mice showed single small additional effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kemter
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Prückl
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kateryna Micklich
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thure Adler
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, TU, Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institut, LMU, Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, TU, Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Dirk H. Busch
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene, TU, Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander A. Götz
- German Mouse Clinic, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hans
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marion Horsch
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Boris Ivandic
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, TU, Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institut, LMU, Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, TU, Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Anja Schrewe
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valérie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabé de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Member of German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, TU, Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Aigner
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Fructus Gardenia Extract ameliorates oxonate-induced hyperuricemia with renal dysfunction in mice by regulating organic ion transporters and mOIT3. Molecules 2013; 18:8976-93. [PMID: 23899832 PMCID: PMC6269767 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18088976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The potent anti-hyperuricemia activities of Fructus Gardenia Extract (FGE) have been well reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the uricosuric and nephro-protective effects of FGE and explore its possible mechanisms of action in oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice. FGE was orally administered to hyperuricemic and normal mice for 1 week. Serum and urinary levels of uric acid, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) were measured. The mRNA and protein levels of mouse urate transporter 1 (mURAT1), glucose transporter 9 (mGLUT9), ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, 2 (mABCG2), organic anion transporter 1 (mOAT1), mOAT3, oncoprotein induced transcript 3 (mOIT3), organic cation/carnitine transporters in the kidney were analyzed. Simultaneously, Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THP) levels in urine and kidney were detected. FGE significantly reduced serum urate levels and increased urinary urate levels and FEUA in hyperuricemic mice. It could also effectively reverse oxonate-induced alterations in renal mURAT1, mGLUT9, mOAT1 and mOIT3 expressions, as well as THP levels, resulting in the enhancement of renal uric acid excretion. Moreover, FGE decreased serum creatinine and BUN levels, and up-regulated expression of organic cation/carnitine transporters, improving renal dysfunction in this model. Furthermore, FGE decreased renal mABCG2 expressions in hyperuricemic mice, contributing to its beneficial actions. However, further investigation is needed in clinical trials of FGE and its bioactive components.
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Kemter E, Prueckl P, Sklenak S, Rathkolb B, Habermann FA, Hans W, Gailus-Durner V, Fuchs H, Hrabě de Angelis M, Wolf E, Aigner B, Wanke R. Type of uromodulin mutation and allelic status influence onset and severity of uromodulin-associated kidney disease in mice. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 22:4148-63. [PMID: 23748428 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin-associated kidney disease (UAKD) is a dominant heritable renal disease in humans which is caused by mutations in the uromodulin (UMOD) gene and characterized by heterogeneous clinical appearance. To get insights into possible causes of this heterogeneity of UAKD, we describe the new mutant mouse line Umod(C93F), leading to disruption of a putative disulfide bond which is also absent in a known human UMOD mutation, and compare the phenotype of this new mouse line with the recently published mouse line Umod(A227T). In both mutant mouse lines, which were both bred on the C3H background, the Umod mutations cause a gain-of-toxic function due to a maturation defect of the mutant uromodulin leading to a dysfunction of thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TALH) cells of the kidney. Umod mutant mice exhibit increased plasma urea and Cystatin levels, impaired urinary concentration ability, reduced fractional excretion of uric acid and nephropathological alterations including uromodulin retention in TALH cells, interstitial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltrations, tubular atrophy and occasional glomerulo- und tubulocystic changes, a phenotype highly similar to UAKD in humans. The maturation defect of mutant uromodulin leads to the accumulation of immature uromodulin in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and to ER hyperplasia. Further, this study was able to demonstrate for the first time in vivo that the severity of the uromodulin maturation defect as well as onset and speed of progression of renal dysfunction and morphological alterations are strongly dependent on the particular Umod mutation itself and the zygosity status.
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Wolf MTF, Wu XR, Huang CL. Uromodulin upregulates TRPV5 by impairing caveolin-mediated endocytosis. Kidney Int 2013; 84:130-7. [PMID: 23466996 PMCID: PMC3700562 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2013.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Uromodulin (UMOD) is synthesized in the thick ascending limb and secreted into urine as the most abundant protein. Association studies in humans suggest protective effects of UMOD against calcium-containing kidney stones. Mice carrying mutations of Umod found in human uromodulin-associated kidney disease (UAKD) and Umod deficient mice exhibit hypercalciuria. The mechanism for UMOD regulation of urinary Ca2+ excretion is incompletely understood. We examined if UMOD regulates TRPV5 and TRPV6, channels critical for renal transcellular Ca2+ reabsorption. Coexpression with UMOD increased whole-cell TRPV5 current density in HEK293 cells. In biotinylation studies UMOD increased TRPV5 cell-surface abundance. Extracellular application of purified UMOD upregulated TRPV5 current density within physiological relevant concentration ranges. UMOD exerted a similar effect on TRPV6. TRPV5 undergoes constitutive caveolin-mediated endocytosis. UMOD had no effect on TRPV5 in a caveolin-1 deficient cell line. Expression of recombinant caveolin-1 in these cells restored the ability of UMOD to upregulate TRPV5. Secretion of UAKD-mutant UMOD was markedly reduced and coexpression of mutant UMOD with TRPV5 failed to increase its current. Immunofluorescent studies demonstrated lower TRPV5 expression in Umod−/− mice compared to wild-type. UMOD upregulates TRPV5 by acting from extracellular and by decreasing endocytosis of TRPV5. The stimulation of Ca2+ reabsorption via TRPV5 by UMOD may contribute to protection against kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T F Wolf
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9063, USA.
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22
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Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Neschen S, Adler T, Afonso LC, Aguilar-Pimentel JA, Becker L, Bohla A, Calzada-Wack J, Cohrs C, Dewert A, Fridrich B, Garrett L, Glasl L, Götz A, Hans W, Hölter SM, Horsch M, Hurt A, Janas E, Janik D, Kahle M, Kistler M, Klein-Rodewald T, Lengger C, Ludwig T, Maier H, Marschall S, Micklich K, Möller G, Naton B, Prehn C, Puk O, Rácz I, Räss M, Rathkolb B, Rozman J, Scheerer M, Schiller E, Schrewe A, Steinkamp R, Stöger C, Sun M, Szymczak W, Treise I, Vargas Panesso IL, Vernaleken AM, Willershäuser M, Wolff-Muscate A, Zeh R, Adamski J, Beckers J, Bekeredjian R, Busch DH, Eickelberg O, Favor J, Graw J, Höfler H, Höschen C, Katus H, Klingenspor M, Klopstock T, Neff F, Ollert M, Schulz H, Stöger T, Wolf E, Wurst W, Yildirim AÖ, Zimmer A, Hrabě de Angelis M. Innovations in phenotyping of mouse models in the German Mouse Clinic. Mamm Genome 2012; 23:611-22. [PMID: 22926221 PMCID: PMC3463795 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-012-9415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Under the label of the German Mouse Clinic (GMC), a concept has been developed and implemented that allows the better understanding of human diseases on the pathophysiological and molecular level. This includes better understanding of the crosstalk between different organs, pleiotropy of genes, and the systemic impact of envirotypes and drugs. In the GMC, experts from various fields of mouse genetics and physiology, in close collaboration with clinicians, work side by side under one roof. The GMC is an open-access platform for the scientific community by providing phenotypic analysis in bilateral collaborations ("bottom-up projects") and as a partner and driver in international large-scale biology projects ("top-down projects"). Furthermore, technology development is a major topic in the GMC. Innovative techniques for primary and secondary screens are developed and implemented into the phenotyping pipelines (e.g., detection of volatile organic compounds, VOCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg/Munich, Germany
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23
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OIT3 deficiency impairs uric acid reabsorption in renal tubule. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:760-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sun L, Tan LJ, Lei SF, Chen XD, Li X, Pan R, Yin F, Liu QW, Yan XF, Papasian CJ, Deng HW. Bivariate genome-wide association analyses of femoral neck bone geometry and appendicular lean mass. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27325. [PMID: 22087292 PMCID: PMC3210160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Femoral neck geometric parameters (FNGPs), such as periosteal diameter (W), cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), buckling ratio (BR), and section modulus (Z), are highly genetically correlated with body lean mass. However, the specific SNPs/genes shared by these phenotypes are largely unknown. METHODS To identify the specific SNPs/genes shared between FNGPs and appendicular lean mass (ALM), we performed an initial bivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) by scanning ∼690,000 SNPs in 1,627 unrelated Han Chinese adults (802 males and 825 females) and a follow-up replicate study in 2,286 unrelated US Caucasians. RESULTS We identified 13 interesting SNPs that may be important for both FNGPs and ALM. Two SNPs, rs681900 located in the HK2 (hexokinase 2) gene and rs11859916 in the UMOD (uromodulin) gene, were bivariately associated with FNGPs and ALM (p = 7.58×10(-6) for ALM-BR and p = 2.93×10(-6) for ALM-W, respectively). The associations were then replicated in Caucasians, with corresponding p values of 0.024 for rs681900 and 0.047 for rs11859916. Meta-analyses yielded combined p values of 3.05×10(-6) and 2.31×10(-6) for rs681900 and rs11859916, respectively. Our findings are consistent with previous biological studies that implicated HK2 and UMOD in both FNGPs and ALM. Our study also identified a group of 11 contiguous SNPs, which spanned a region of ∼130 kb, were bivariately associated with FNGPs and ALM, with p values ranging from 3.06×10(-7) to 4.60×10(-6) for ALM-BR. The region contained two neighboring miRNA coding genes, MIR873 (MicroRNA873) and MIR876 (MicroRNA876). CONCLUSION Our study implicated HK2, UMOD, MIR873 and MIR876, as pleiotropic genes underlying variation of both FNGPs and ALM, thus suggesting their important functional roles in co-regulating both FNGPs and ALM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Jun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Shu-Feng Lei
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang-Ding Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Pan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan-Wei Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Yan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Christopher J. Papasian
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America
- Center of Systematic Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Beijing Jiao Tong University, Beijing, China
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Smith GD, Robinson C, Stewart AP, Edwards EL, Karet HI, Norden AGW, Sandford RN, Karet Frankl FE. Characterization of a recurrent in-frame UMOD indel mutation causing late-onset autosomal dominant end-stage renal failure. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 6:2766-74. [PMID: 22034507 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.06820711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In a single-center renal clinic, we have established routine mutation testing to diagnose UMOD-associated kidney disease (UAKD), an autosomal dominant disorder typically characterized by gout, hyperuricemia, and renal failure in the third to sixth decades. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Four probands and their multigeneration kindreds were assessed by clinical, historical, and biochemical means. Diagnostic UMOD sequencing was performed, and mutant uromodulin was characterized in vitro. RESULTS All available affected members of the four kindreds harbored the same complex indel change in UMOD, which was associated with almost complete absence of gout and a later onset of CKD; the youngest age at ESRD or death was 38 years (range, 38 to 68 years) compared with 3 to 70 years in other reports. Three mutation carriers (all ≤35 years) are currently asymptomatic. The indel sequence (c.278_289del TCTGCCCCGAAGinsCCGCCTCCT; p.V93_G97del/ins AASC) results in the replacement of five amino acids, including one cysteine, by four novel residues, also including a cysteine. Uromodulin staining of the only available patient biopsy suggested disorganized intracellular trafficking with cellular accumulation. Functional characterization of the mutant isoform revealed retarded intracellular trafficking associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention and reduced secretion into cell culture media, but to a lesser extent than we observed with the previously reported C150S mutation. CONCLUSIONS The indel mutation is associated with a relatively mild clinical UAKD phenotype, consistent with our in vitro analysis. UAKD should be routinely considered as a causative gene for ESRD of unknown cause, especially where there is an associated family history or where biopsy reveals interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham D Smith
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Hu QH, Zhang X, Wang X, Jiao RQ, Kong LD. Quercetin regulates organic ion transporter and uromodulin expression and improves renal function in hyperuricemic mice. Eur J Nutr 2011; 51:593-606. [PMID: 21909718 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-011-0243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal organic ion transporters and uromodulin (UMOD) play the important roles in renal urate excretion and function. Hyperuricemia is considered as a risk factor for the development of renal dysfunction. The flavonoid quercetin in diets exerts the hypouricemic and nephroprotective effects. PURPOSES To evaluate the effects of quercetin on renal organic ion transporters and UMOD in hyperuricemic mice. METHODS Kun-Ming mice were divided into normal and hyperuricemic groups receiving water, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg quercetin, 5 mg/kg allopurinol, respectively. Hyperuricemic mice were orally gavaged with 250 mg/kg oxonate daily for 1 week. Quercetin and allopurinol were orally gavaged on the day when oxonate or water was given 1 h later. After 1 week, serum uric acid, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentrations, excretion of urate and creatinine, and fractional excretion of uric acid were measured. The mRNA and protein levels of renal urate transporter 1 (mURAT1), glucose transporter 9 (mGLUT9), organic anion transporter 1 (mOAT1) and organic cation/carnitine transporters (mOCT1, mOCT2, mOCTN1 and mOCTN2) in mice were analyzed. Simultaneously, UMOD levels in serum, urine and kidney, as well as renal UMOD mRNA expression were detected. RESULTS Quercetin significantly restored oxonate-induced abnormalities of these biochemical indexes compared with normal vehicle group. Furthermore, it remarkably prevented expression changes of renal organic ion transporters and UMOD, and UMOD level alteration in hyperuricemic mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that quercetin has the uricosuric and nephroprotective actions mediated by regulating the expression levels of renal organic ion transporters and UMOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
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27
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Mutig K, Kahl T, Saritas T, Godes M, Persson P, Bates J, Raffi H, Rampoldi L, Uchida S, Hille C, Dosche C, Kumar S, Castañeda-Bueno M, Gamba G, Bachmann S. Activation of the bumetanide-sensitive Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC2) is facilitated by Tamm-Horsfall protein in a chloride-sensitive manner. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:30200-10. [PMID: 21737451 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.222968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Active transport of NaCl across thick ascending limb (TAL) epithelium is accomplished by Na(+),K(+),2Cl(-) cotransporter (NKCC2). The activity of NKCC2 is determined by vasopressin (AVP) or intracellular chloride concentration and includes its amino-terminal phosphorylation. Co-expressed Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) has been proposed to interact with NKCC2. We hypothesized that THP modulates NKCC2 activity in TAL. THP-deficient mice (THP(-/-)) showed an increased abundance of intracellular NKCC2 located in subapical vesicles (+47% compared with wild type (WT) mice), whereas base-line phosphorylation of NKCC2 was significantly decreased (-49% compared with WT mice), suggesting reduced activity of the transporter in the absence of THP. Cultured TAL cells with low endogenous THP levels and low base-line phosphorylation of NKCC2 displayed sharp increases in NKCC2 phosphorylation (+38%) along with a significant change of intracellular chloride concentration upon transfection with THP. In NKCC2-expressing frog oocytes, co-injection with THP cRNA significantly enhanced the activation of NKCC2 under low chloride hypotonic stress (+112% versus +235%). Short term (30 min) stimulation of the vasopressin V2 receptor pathway by V2 receptor agonist (deamino-cis-D-Arg vasopressin) resulted in enhanced NKCC2 phosphorylation in WT mice and cultured TAL cells transfected with THP, whereas in the absence of THP, NKCC2 phosphorylation upon deamino-cis-D-Arg vasopressin was blunted in both systems. Attenuated effects of furosemide along with functional and structural adaptation of the distal convoluted tubule in THP(-/-) mice supported the notion that NaCl reabsorption was impaired in TAL lacking THP. In summary, these results are compatible with a permissive role for THP in the modulation of NKCC2-dependent TAL salt reabsorptive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerim Mutig
- Department of Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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The rediscovery of uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall protein): from tubulointerstitial nephropathy to chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2011; 80:338-47. [PMID: 21654721 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2011.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall protein) is the most abundant protein excreted in the urine under physiological conditions. It is exclusively produced in the kidney and secreted into the urine via proteolytic cleavage. Its biological function is still not fully understood. Uromodulin has been linked to water/electrolyte balance and to kidney innate immunity. Also, studies in knockout mice demonstrated that it has a protective role against urinary tract infections and renal stone formation. Mutations in the gene encoding uromodulin lead to rare autosomal dominant diseases, collectively referred to as uromodulin-associated kidney diseases. They are characterized by progressive tubulointerstitial damage, impaired urinary concentrating ability, hyperuricemia, renal cysts, and progressive renal failure. Novel in vivo studies point at intracellular accumulation of mutant uromodulin as a key primary event in the disease pathogenesis. Recently, genome-wide association studies identified uromodulin as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension, and suggested that the level of uromodulin in the urine could represent a useful biomarker for the development of CKD. In this review, we summarize these recent investigations, ranging from invalidation studies in mouse to Mendelian disorders and genome-wide associations, which led to a rediscovery of uromodulin and boosted the scientific and clinical interest for this long discovered molecule.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2010; 17:568-80. [PMID: 21030841 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e328341311d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wallis LJ, Wallis GP. Extreme positive selection on a new highly-expressed larval glycoprotein (LGP) gene in Galaxias fishes (Osmeriformes: Galaxiidae). Mol Biol Evol 2010; 28:399-406. [PMID: 20696791 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msq208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the intron-exon structure and DNA/protein sequences of a new larval glycoprotein (LGP) gene from nine species of galaxiid fish. The gene has a distant similarity to Danio THP (Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein; uromodulin) and cichlid SPP120 (seminal plasma glycoprotein) due to conserved features of its zona pellucida (ZP) domain, including eight highly conserved cysteines and a consensus furin cleavage site. Using a combination of 454 sequencing of cDNA and exon-primed intron-spanning sequencing of genomic DNA, we obtained full sequences of the coding region (996 bp) and its intervening sequences (1,459 bp). LGP shows an exceptionally strong signal of positive selection over the entire coding region, as evidenced by d(N)/d(S) values >1. Across nine species of Galaxias, 87/332 (26%) amino acid residues are variable, compared with 9/386 (2%) for mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) in the same group of species. Across 36 interspecific pairwise comparisons, genetic distances are in all cases larger for coding region than for introns, by a factor of 2.4-fold on average. Reading frame, gene structure, splice sites, and many ZP motifs are conserved across all species. Together with the fact that the gene is expressed in all species, these results argue clearly against the possibility of a pseudogene. We show by 454 sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction that the transcript is abundant (ca. 0.5%) in newly hatched larvae and appears to be almost absent from a range of adult tissues. We postulate that the strong Darwinian evolution exhibited by this protein may reflect some type of immunoprotection at this vulnerable larval stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise J Wallis
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Kemter E, Rathkolb B, Bankir L, Schrewe A, Hans W, Landbrecht C, Klaften M, Ivandic B, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabé de Angelis M, Wolf E, Wanke R, Aigner B. Mutation of the Na+-K+-2Cl−cotransporter NKCC2 in mice is associated with severe polyuria and a urea-selective concentrating defect without hyperreninemia. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 298:F1405-15. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00522.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The bumetanide-sensitive Na+-K+-2Cl−cotransporter NKCC2, located in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, plays a critical role in the kidney's ability to concentrate urine. In humans, loss-of-function mutations of the solute carrier family 12 member 1 gene ( SLC12A1), coding for NKCC2, cause type I Bartter syndrome, which is characterized by prenatal onset of a severe polyuria, salt-wasting tubulopathy, and hyperreninemia. In this study, we describe a novel chemically induced, recessive mutant mouse line termed Slc12a1I299Fexhibiting late-onset manifestation of type I Bartter syndrome. Homozygous mutant mice are viable and exhibit severe polyuria, metabolic alkalosis, marked increase in plasma urea but close to normal creatininemia, hypermagnesemia, hyperprostaglandinuria, hypotension,, and osteopenia. Fractional excretion of urea is markedly decreased. In addition, calcium and magnesium excretions are more than doubled compared with wild-type mice, while uric acid excretion is twofold lower. In contrast to hyperreninemia present in human disease, plasma renin concentration in homozygotes is not increased. The polyuria observed in homozygotes may be due to the combination of two additive factors, a decrease in activity of mutant NKCC2 and an increase in medullary blood flow, due to prostaglandin-induced vasodilation, that impairs countercurrent exchange of urea in the medulla. In conclusion, this novel viable mouse line with a missense Slc12a1 mutation exhibits most of the features of type I Bartter syndrome and may represent a new model for the study of this human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kemter
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, and
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich
| | - Birgit Rathkolb
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, and
| | - Lise Bankir
- INSERM Unité 872, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Anja Schrewe
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; and
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, and Chair for Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hans
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, and Chair for Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Landbrecht
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, and
| | - Matthias Klaften
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, and Chair for Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Ivandic
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; and
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, and Chair for Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Valérie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, and Chair for Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabé de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, and Chair for Experimental Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, and
| | - Ruediger Wanke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich
| | - Bernhard Aigner
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, and
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Bernascone I, Janas S, Ikehata M, Trudu M, Corbelli A, Schaeffer C, Rastaldi MP, Devuyst O, Rampoldi L. A transgenic mouse model for uromodulin-associated kidney diseases shows specific tubulo-interstitial damage, urinary concentrating defect and renal failure. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:2998-3010. [PMID: 20472742 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin-associated kidney diseases (UAKD) are autosomal-dominant disorders characterized by alteration of urinary concentrating ability, tubulo-interstitial fibrosis, hyperuricaemia and renal cysts at the cortico-medullary junction. UAKD are caused by mutations in UMOD, the gene encoding uromodulin. Although uromodulin is the most abundant protein secreted in urine, its physiological role remains elusive. Several in vitro studies demonstrated that mutations in uromodulin lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention of mutant protein, but their relevance in vivo has not been studied. We here report on the generation and characterization of the first transgenic mouse model for UAKD. Transgenic mice that express the C147W mutant uromodulin (Tg(Umod)(C147W)), corresponding to the well-established patient mutation C148W, were compared with expression-matched transgenic mice expressing the wild-type protein (Tg(Umod)(wt)). Tg(Umod)(C147W) mice recapitulate most of the UAKD features, with urinary concentrating defect of renal origin and progressive renal injury, i.e. tubulo-interstitial fibrosis with inflammatory cell infiltration, tubule dilation and specific damage of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, leading to mild renal failure. As observed in patients, Tg(Umod)(C147W) mice show a marked reduction of urinary uromodulin excretion. Mutant uromodulin trafficking to the plasma membrane is indeed impaired as it is retained in the ER of expressing cells leading to ER hyperplasia. The Tg(Umod)(C147W) mice represent a unique model that recapitulates most of the features associated with UAKD. Our data clearly demonstrate a gain-of-toxic function of uromodulin mutations providing insights into the pathogenetic mechanism of the disease. These findings may also be relevant for other tubulo-interstitial or ER-storage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Bernascone
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Milan, Italy
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Zaucke F, Boehnlein JM, Steffens S, Polishchuk RS, Rampoldi L, Fischer A, Pasch A, Boehm CWA, Baasner A, Attanasio M, Hoppe B, Hopfer H, Beck BB, Sayer JA, Hildebrandt F, Wolf MTF. Uromodulin is expressed in renal primary cilia and UMOD mutations result in decreased ciliary uromodulin expression. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:1985-97. [PMID: 20172860 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin (UMOD) mutations are responsible for three autosomal dominant tubulo-interstitial nephropathies including medullary cystic kidney disease type 2 (MCKD2), familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy and glomerulocystic kidney disease. Symptoms include renal salt wasting, hyperuricemia, gout, hypertension and end-stage renal disease. MCKD is part of the 'nephronophthisis-MCKD complex', a group of cystic kidney diseases. Both disorders have an indistinguishable histology and renal cysts are observed in either. For most genes mutated in cystic kidney disease, their proteins are expressed in the primary cilia/basal body complex. We identified seven novel UMOD mutations and were interested if UMOD protein was expressed in the primary renal cilia of human renal biopsies and if mutant UMOD would show a different expression pattern compared with that seen in control individuals. We demonstrate that UMOD is expressed in the primary cilia of renal tubules, using immunofluorescent studies in human kidney biopsy samples. The number of UMOD-positive primary cilia in UMOD patients is significantly decreased when compared with control samples. Additional immunofluorescence studies confirm ciliary expression of UMOD in cell culture. Ciliary expression of UMOD is also confirmed by electron microscopy. UMOD localization at the mitotic spindle poles and colocalization with other ciliary proteins such as nephrocystin-1 and kinesin family member 3A is demonstrated. Our data add UMOD to the group of proteins expressed in primary cilia, where mutations of the gene lead to cystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Zaucke
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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