1
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Li B, Liu Y, Sun S. Pump proton inhibitors display anti-tumour potential in glioma. Cell Prolif 2022:e13321. [PMID: 35961680 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glioma is one of the most aggressive brain tumours with poor overall survival despite advanced technology in surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiation. Progression and recurrence are the hinge causes of low survival. Our aim is to explain the concrete mechanism in the proliferation and progression of tumours based on tumour microenvironment (TME). The main purpose is to illustrate the mechanism of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in affecting acidity, hypoxia, oxidative stress, inflammatory response and autophagy based on the TME to induce apoptosis and enhance the sensitivity of chemoradiotherapy. FINDINGS TME is the main medium for tumour growth and progression. Acidity, hypoxia, inflammatory response, autophagy, angiogenesis and so on are the main causes of tumour progress. PPIs, as a common clinical drug to inhibit gastric acid secretion, have the advantages of fast onset, long action time and small adverse reactions. Nowadays, several kinds of literature highlight the potential of PPIs in inhibiting tumour progression. However, long-term use of PPIs alone also has obvious side effects. Therefore, till now, how to apply PPIs to promote the effect of radio-chemotherapy and find the concrete dose and concentration of combined use are novel challenges. CONCLUSIONS PPIs display the potential in enhancing the sensitivity of chemoradiotherapy to defend against glioma based on TME. In the clinic, it is also necessary to explore specific concentrations and dosages in synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Shilong Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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2
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Oghbaei F, Zarezadeh R, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Ranjbar M, Nouri M, Fattahi A, Imakawa K. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition process during embryo implantation. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 388:1-17. [PMID: 35024964 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03574-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometrial epithelial and trophectoderm cells is essential for the progression of embryo implantation and its impairment could cause implantation failure. Therefore, EMT should be tightly regulated in both embryonic and endometrial cells during implantation. Studies reported the involvement of numerous factors in EMT regulation, including hormones, growth factors, transcription factors, microRNAs, aquaporins (AQPs), and ion channels. These factors act through different signaling pathways to affect the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers as well as the cellular cytoskeleton. Although the mechanisms involved in cancer cell EMT have been well studied, little is known about EMT during embryo implantation. Therefore, we comprehensively reviewed different factors that regulate the EMT, a key event required for the conceptus implantation to the endometrium.Summary sentence: Abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process within endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) or trophoblast cells can cause implantation failure. This process is regulated by various factors. Thus, the objective of this review was to summarize the effective factors on the EMT process during implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Oghbaei
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Reza Zarezadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Minoo Ranjbar
- Department of Midwifery, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Kazuhiko Imakawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction, Research Institute of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, 862-8652, Japan
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3
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Hou X, Chen X, Yang H, Yue W, Wang J, Han H, Wang C. V-ATPase subunit B plays essential roles in the molting process of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio048926. [PMID: 32434771 PMCID: PMC7272352 DOI: 10.1242/bio.048926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a proton pump driven by ATP hydrolysis, and it plays an important role in numerous biological processes, such as protein degradation and synthesis, cell growth, and cell autophagy. The V-ATPase subunit B (VATB) is a conservative and regulatory subunit required for ATP hydrolysis during proton pumping. The VATB of Eriocheirsinensis (EsVATB), which includes an open reading frame (ORF) length of 1467 bp encoding 489 amino acids, was cloned to unveil the biological function of VATB during the molting process of crustaceans. Spatial and temporal expression profiles showed that EsVATB was highly expressed in the posterior gill accompanied with the highest osmotic pressure in the premolt (PrM) stage. Meanwhile, the highest expression level of EsVATB was identified in the hepatopancreas and heart during the postmolt stage and epidermis in the intermolt stage, indicating that EsVATB may perform diverse biological functions in different tissues during the molting process. The individual crabs in the interference group showed a high mortality rate (74%) and a low molting rate (26%) and failed to form a new epicuticle in the PrM stage. Meanwhile, a significant difference in osmotic pressure was identified between the interference and control groups. Our results indicate that EsVATB is an indispensable functional gene that may participate in osmoregulation and help with the new epicuticle formation during the molting process of E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - He Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Wucheng Yue
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Hua Han
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chenghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
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4
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Kluge M, Namkoong E, Khakipoor S, Park K, Roussa E. Differential regulation of vacuolar H + -ATPase subunits by transforming growth factor-β1 in salivary ducts. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15061-15079. [PMID: 30648263 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bicarbonate concentration in saliva is controlled by the action of acid-base transporters in salivary duct cells. We show for the first time expression of ATP6V1B1 in submandibular gland and introduce transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) as a novel regulator of V-ATPase subunits. Using QRT-PCR, immunoblotting, biotinylation of surface proteins, immunofluorescence, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and intracellular H(+ ) recording with H(+ )-sensitive dye 2',7'-bis-(carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein we show that in the human submandibular gland (HSG) cell line, activation of TGF-β signaling upregulates ATP6V1E1 and ATP6V1B2, downregulates ATP6V1B1, and has no effect on ATP6V1A. TGF-β1 effects on ATP6V1B1 are mediated through the canonical, the soluble adenylate cyclase, and ERK signaling. A CREB binding sequence was identified in the ATP6V1B1 promoter and CREB binding decreased after TGF-β1 treatment. Following acidosis, a bafilomycin-sensitive and Na+ -independent cell pH recovery was observed in HSG cells, an effect that was not influenced after disruption of acidic lysosomes. Moreover, neutralization of TGF-βs, inhibition of TGF-β receptor, or inhibition of the canonical pathway decreased membrane expression of ATP6V1A and prevented the acidosis-induced increased V-ATPase activity. The results suggest multiple modes of action of TGF-β1 on V-ATPase subunits in HSG cells: TGF-β1 may regulate transcription or protein synthesis of certain subunits and trafficking of other subunits in a context-dependent manner. Moreover, surface V-ATPase is active in salivary duct cells and involved in intracellular pH regulation following acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Kluge
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eun Namkoong
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shokoufeh Khakipoor
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kyungpyo Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eleni Roussa
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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5
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Duan X, Yang S, Zhang L, Yang T. V-ATPases and osteoclasts: ambiguous future of V-ATPases inhibitors in osteoporosis. Theranostics 2018; 8:5379-5399. [PMID: 30555553 PMCID: PMC6276090 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) play a critical role in regulating extracellular acidification of osteoclasts and bone resorption. The deficiencies of subunit a3 and d2 of V-ATPases result in increased bone density in humans and mice. One of the traditional drug design strategies in treating osteoporosis is the use of subunit a3 inhibitor. Recent findings connect subunits H and G1 with decreased bone density. Given the controversial effects of ATPase subunits on bone density, there is a critical need to review the subunits of V-ATPase in osteoclasts and their functions in regulating osteoclasts and bone remodeling. In this review, we comprehensively address the following areas: information about all V-ATPase subunits and their isoforms; summary of V-ATPase subunits associated with human genetic diseases; V-ATPase subunits and osteopetrosis/osteoporosis; screening of all V-ATPase subunits variants in GEFOS data and in-house data; spectrum of V-ATPase subunits during osteoclastogenesis; direct and indirect roles of subunits of V-ATPases in osteoclasts; V-ATPase-associated signaling pathways in osteoclasts; interactions among V-ATPase subunits in osteoclasts; osteoclast-specific V-ATPase inhibitors; perspective of future inhibitors or activators targeting V-ATPase subunits in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Biology, Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Biology, Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Tielin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
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6
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Han WQ, Xu L, Tang XF, Chen WD, Wu YJ, Gao PJ. Membrane rafts-redox signalling pathway contributes to renal fibrosis via modulation of the renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Physiol 2018; 596:3603-3616. [PMID: 29863758 DOI: 10.1113/jp275952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Membrane rafts (MRs)-redox signalling pathway is activated in response to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) stimulation in renal tubular cells. This pathway contributes to TGF-1β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal tubular cells. The the MRs-redox signalling pathway is activated in renal tubular cells isolated from angiotensin II (AngII)-induced hypertensive rats. Inhibition of this pathway attenuated renal inflammation and fibrosis in AngII-induced hypertension. ABSTRACT The membrane rafts (MRs)-redox pathway is characterized by NADPH oxidase subunit clustering and activation through lysosome fusion, V-type proton ATPase subunit E2 (encoded by the Atp6v1e2 gene) translocation and sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1, encoded by the SMPD1 gene) activation. In the present study, we hypothesized that the MRs-redox-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in renal inflammation and fibrosis by promoting renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Results show that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) acutely induced MR formation and ROS production in NRK-52E cells, a rat renal tubular cell line. In addition, transfection of Atp6v1e2 small hairpin RNAs (shRNA) and SMPD1 shRNA attenuated TGF-β1-induced changes in EMT markers, including E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibroblast-specific protein-1 (FSP-1) in NRK-52E cells. Moreover, Erk1/2 activation may be a downstream regulator of the MRs-redox-derived ROS, because both shRNAs significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced Erk1/2 phosphorylation. Further in vivo study shows that the renal tubular the MRs-redox signalling pathway was activated in angiotensin II (AngII)-induced hypertension, as indicated by the increased NADPH oxidase subunit Nox4 fraction in the MR domain, SMPD1 activation and increased ROS content in isolated renal tubular cells. Finally, renal transfection of Atp6v1e2 shRNA and SMPD1 shRNA significantly prevented renal fibrosis and inflammation, as indicated by the decrease of α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in kidneys from AngII-infused rats. It was concluded that the the MRs-redox signalling pathway is involved in TGF-β1-induced renal tubular EMT and renal inflammation/fibrosis in AngII-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qing Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Dong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Jie Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Jin Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China
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7
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Pamarthy S, Kulshrestha A, Katara GK, Beaman KD. The curious case of vacuolar ATPase: regulation of signaling pathways. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:41. [PMID: 29448933 PMCID: PMC5815226 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0811-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a proton pump responsible for controlling the intracellular and extracellular pH of cells. The structure of V-ATPase has been highly conserved among all eukaryotic cells and is involved in diverse functions across species. V-ATPase is best known for its acidification of endosomes and lysosomes and is also important for luminal acidification of specialized cells. Several reports have suggested the involvement of V-ATPase in maintaining an alkaline intracellular and acidic extracellular pH thereby aiding in proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells respectively. Increased expression of V-ATPase and relocation to the plasma membrane aids in cancer modulates key tumorigenic cell processes like autophagy, Warburg effect, immunomoduation, drug resistance and most importantly cancer cell signaling. In this review, we discuss the direct role of V-ATPase in acidification and indirect regulation of signaling pathways, particularly Notch Signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi Pamarthy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Arpita Kulshrestha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Gajendra K Katara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Kenneth D Beaman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
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Acidic organelles mediate TGF-β1-induced cellular fibrosis via (pro)renin receptor and vacuolar ATPase trafficking in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2648. [PMID: 29422602 PMCID: PMC5805675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20940-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
TGF-β1, which can cause renal tubular injury through a vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase)-mediated pathway, is induced by the glucose degradation product methylglyoxal to yield peritoneal injury and fibrosis. The present study investigated the roles of V-ATPase and its accessory protein, the (pro)renin receptor, in peritoneal fibrosis during peritoneal dialysis. Rats daily administered 20 mM methylglyoxal intraperitoneally developed significant peritoneal fibrosis after 7 days with increased expression of TGF-β and V-ATPase, which was reduced by the inhibition of V-ATPase with co-administration of 100 mM bafilomycin A1. The (pro)renin receptor and V-ATPase were expressed in acidic organelles and cell membranes of human peritoneal mesothelial cells. TGF-β1 upregulated the expression of collagens, α-SMA, and EDA-fibronectin, together with ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which was reduced by inhibition of V-ATPase, (pro)renin receptor, or the MAPK pathway. Fibronectin and the soluble (pro)renin receptor were excreted from cells by acidic organelle trafficking in response to TGF-β1; this excretion was also suppressed by inhibition of V-ATPase. Soluble (pro)renin receptor concentrations in effluents of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis were associated with the dialysate-to-plasma ratio of creatinine. Together, these results demonstrate a novel fibrosis mechanism through the (pro)renin receptor and V-ATPase in the acidic organelles of peritoneal mesothelial cells.
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9
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Merk H, Messer P, Ardelt MA, Lamb DC, Zahler S, Müller R, Vollmar AM, Pachmayr J. Inhibition of the V-ATPase by Archazolid A: A New Strategy to Inhibit EMT. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:2329-2339. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Shrestha S, Somji S, Sens DA, Slusser-Nore A, Patel DH, Savage E, Garrett SH. Human renal tubular cells contain CD24/CD133 progenitor cell populations: Implications for tubular regeneration after toxicant induced damage using cadmium as a model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 331:116-129. [PMID: 28587817 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The proximal tubules of the kidney are target sites of injury by various toxicants. Cadmium (Cd+2), an environmental nephrotoxicant can cause adverse effects and overt renal damage. To decipher the mechanisms involved in nephrotoxicity, an in vitro model system is required. Mortal cultures of human proximal tubule (HPT) cells have served, as models but are difficult to acquire and do not lend themselves to stable transfection. The immortalized human proximal tubule cell line HK-2, has served as a model but it lacks vectorial active transport and shows signs of lost epithelial features. Recently a new proximal tubule cell line was developed, the RPTEC/TERT1, and the goal of this study was to determine if this cell line could serve as a model to study nephrotoxicity. Global gene expression analysis of this cell line in comparison to the HK-2 and HPT cells showed that the RPTEC/TERT1 cells had gene expression patterns similar to HPT cells when compared to the HK-2 cells. The HPT and the RPTEC/TERT1 cell line had an increased population of stem/progenitor cells co-expressing CD24 and CD133 when compared to the HK-2 cells. The level of expression of cadherins, claudins and occludin molecules was also similar between the RPTEC/TERT1 and the HPT cells. Acute exposure to Cd+2 resulted in necrosis of the RPTEC/TERT1 cells when compared to the HK-2 cells which died by apoptosis. Thus, the RPTEC/TERT1 cells are similar to HPT cells and can serve as a good model system to study mechanisms involved in toxicant induced renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swojani Shrestha
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N. Columbia Road, Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States.
| | - Seema Somji
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N. Columbia Road, Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States.
| | - Donald A Sens
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N. Columbia Road, Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States.
| | - Andrea Slusser-Nore
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N. Columbia Road, Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States
| | - Divyen H Patel
- Genome Explorations, Division of Compass Lab Services, 654 Jefferson Avenue, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
| | - Evan Savage
- Genome Explorations, Division of Compass Lab Services, 654 Jefferson Avenue, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
| | - Scott H Garrett
- Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N. Columbia Road, Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States.
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11
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Liu Y, Zuo S, Li X, Fan J, Cao X, Yu X, Yang Q. Interaction between V-ATPase B2 and (Pro) renin Receptors in Promoting the progression of Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25035. [PMID: 27121029 PMCID: PMC4848550 DOI: 10.1038/srep25035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the levels of (Pro) renin receptor [(P) RR], α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), and vacuolar H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) subunits (B2, E, and c) in rat unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) models and rat proximal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) treated with prorenin to elucidate the role of V-ATPase in these processes by activating the (P) RR. UUO significantly upregulated (P) RR, V-ATPase subunits, α-SMA and FN expression in tubulointerstitium or tubular epithelial cells. A marked colocalization of (P) RR and the B2 subunit was also observed. Prorenin treatment upregulated α-SMA, FN, (P) RR, and V-ATPase subunits and activity in NRK52E cell in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 partially blocked prorenin-induced (P) RR, FN, and α-SMA expression. Co-immunoprecipitate and immunofluorescence results demonstrated that the V-ATPase B2 subunit bound to the (P) RR, which was upregulated after prorenin stimulation. Either siRNA-mediated (P) RR or B2 subunit knockdown partially reduced V-ATPase activity and attenuated prorenin-induced FN and α-SMA expression. From the data we can assume that activation of (P) RR and V-ATPase may play an important role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis with possible involvement of interaction of V-ATPase B2 subunit and (P)RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Sujun Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinjin Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xueqin Cao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiongqiong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Satoh N, Yamada H, Yamazaki O, Suzuki M, Nakamura M, Suzuki A, Ashida A, Yamamoto D, Kaku Y, Sekine T, Seki G, Horita S. A pure chloride channel mutant of CLC-5 causes Dent's disease via insufficient V-ATPase activation. Pflugers Arch 2016; 468:1183-1196. [PMID: 27044412 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Dent's disease is characterized by defective endocytosis in renal proximal tubules (PTs) and caused by mutations in the 2Cl(-)/H(+) exchanger, CLC-5. However, the pathological role of endosomal acidification in endocytosis has recently come into question. To clarify the mechanism of pathogenesis for Dent's disease, we examined the effects of a novel gating glutamate mutation, E211Q, on CLC-5 functions and endosomal acidification. In Xenopus oocytes, wild-type (WT) CLC-5 showed outward-rectifying currents that were inhibited by extracellular acidosis, but E211Q and an artificial pure Cl(-) channel mutant, E211A, showed linear currents that were insensitive to extracellular acidosis. Moreover, depolarizing pulse trains induced a robust reduction in the surface pH of oocytes expressing WT CLC-5 but not E211Q or E211A, indicating that the E211Q mutant functions as a pure Cl(-) channel similar to E211A. In HEK293 cells, E211A and E211Q stimulated endosomal acidification and hypotonicity-inducible vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) activation at the plasma membrane. However, the stimulatory effects of these mutants were reduced compared with WT CLC-5. Furthermore, gene silencing experiments confirmed the functional coupling between V-ATPase and CLC-5 at the plasma membrane of isolated mouse PTs. These results reveal for the first time that the conversion of CLC-5 from a 2Cl(-)/H(+) exchanger into a Cl(-) channel induces Dent's disease in humans. In addition, defective endosomal acidification as a result of insufficient V-ATPase activation may still be important in the pathogenesis of Dent's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Satoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hideomi Yamada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamazaki
- Apheresis and Dialysis Center, General Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motonobu Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akira Ashida
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamamoto
- Biomedical Computation Center, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Kaku
- Department of Nephrology, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Sekine
- Department of Pediatrics, Ohashi Medical Center, Toho University, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shoko Horita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Stimulation of Dopamine D3 Receptor Attenuates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Increased Linkage With Gα12. Transplantation 2016; 99:2274-84. [PMID: 25989500 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes renal tubular necrosis, apoptosis, and inflammation leading to acute renal dysfunction. Recent studies have revealed that deletion of Gα12 mitigates the renal damage due to I/R injury. Our previous study showed that activation of dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) increased its linkage with Gα12, and hampered Gα12-mediated stimulation of renal sodium transport. In the present study, we used an in-vivo rat model and an in vitro study of the renal epithelial cell line (NRK52E) to investigate whether or not an increased linkage between D3R and Gα12 contributes to the protective effect of D3R on renal I/R injury. METHODS For in vivo studies, I/R injury was induced in a rat renal unilateral clamping model. For in vitro studies, hypoxia/reoxygenation and cold storage/rewarming injuries were performed in NRK52E cells. PD128907, a D3R agonist, or vehicle, was administered 15 minutes before clamping (or hypoxia) in both the in vivo or in vitro studies. RESULTS In the rat renal unilateral clamping model, pretreatment with PD128907 (0.2 mg/kg, intravenous) protected against renal I/R injury and increased survival rate during a long-term follow-up after 7 days. A decrease in the generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and inflammation may be involved in the D3R-mediated protection because pretreatment with PD128907 increased renal glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels and decreased malondialdehyde levels in the I/R group. The increase in cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10) and myeloperoxidase in I/R injured kidney was also prevented with a simultaneous decrease in the apoptosis of the epithelial cells and expression of apoptosis biomarkers in kidney harvested 1 day after I/R injury. The increase in the coimmunoprecipitation between D3R and Gα12 with D3R stimulation paralleled the observed renal protection from I/R injury. Moreover, in vitro studies showed that transient overexpression of Gα12 in the NRK52E cells attenuated the protective effect of PD128907 on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. The protective effect of PD128907 might be of significance to renal transplantation because cold storage/rewarming induced injury increased lactate dehydrogenase release and decreased cell viability in NRK52E cells. Conversely, in the presence of PD128907, the increased lactate dehydrogenase release and decreased cell viability were reversed. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that activation of D3R, by decreasing Gα12-induced renal damage, may exert a protective effect from I/R injury.
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Lu X, Chen L, Chen Y, Shao Q, Qin W. Bafilomycin A1 inhibits the growth and metastatic potential of the BEL-7402 liver cancer and HO-8910 ovarian cancer cell lines and induces alterations in their microRNA expression. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1829-1834. [PMID: 26640557 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) is commonly highly activated in cancer cells and is a potential target of anti-cancer therapy. Bafilomycin A1 is a specific inhibitor of the c subunit of V-ATPase. In the present study, the effects of bafilomycin A1 on the BEL-7402 hepatocellular carcinoma and HO-8910 ovarian cancer cell lines were respectively studied. In addition, the bafilomycin A1-induced alterations in the mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the cells were detected using microarray methods. The results demonstrated that the growth of the two cell lines was retarded and the metastatic potential was inhibited by bafilomycin A1. Transmission electron microscopy and assays of capsase-3 and -9 suggested that bafilomycin A1 induced apoptosis. Gene Ontology analysis of the microarrays of mRNA-miRNA integrity showed altered pathways following bafilomycin A1 treatment, including pathways regulating glucose or lipid metabolism, DNA repair or duplication and lysosomes. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that miR-923, miR-1246, miR-149*, miR-638 and miR-210 were upregulated and miR-99a, miR-181a-2* and miR-339-5p were downregulated following bafilomycin A1 treatment. The overlapped altered miRs may be effective targets for the two types of solid tumor, and may have potential for application to the treatment of other types of solid tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Lu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China ; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lufang Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Qixiang Shao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Wenxin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Verma P, Tapadia MG. Epithelial immune response in Drosophila malpighian tubules: interplay between Diap2 and ion channels. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1078-95. [PMID: 24374974 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Systemic immune response via the Immune deficiency pathway requires Drosophila inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 to activate the NF-κB transcription factor Relish. Malpighian tubules (MTs), simple epithelial tissue, are the primary excretory organs, performing additional role in providing protection to Drosophila against pathogenic infections. MTs hold a strategic position in Drosophila as one of the larval tissues that are carried over to adults, unlike other larval tissues that are histolysed during pupation. In this paper we show that Diap2 is an important regulator of local epithelial immune response in MTs and depletion of Diap2 from MTs, increases susceptibility of flies to infection. In the absence of Diap2, activation and translocation of Relish to the nucleus is abolished and as a consequence the production of IMD pathway dependent AMPs are reduced. Ion channels, (Na(+)/K(+))-ATPase and V-ATPase, are important for the immune response of MTs and expression of AMPs and the IMD pathway genes are impaired on inhibition of transporters, and they restrict the translocation of Relish into the nucleus. We show that Diap2 could be regulating ion channels, as loss of Diap2 consequently reduces the expression of ion channels and affects the balance of ion concentrations which results in reduced uric acid deposition. Thus Diap2 seems to be a key regulator of epithelial immune response in MTs, perhaps by modulating ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Verma
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Capecci J, Forgac M. The function of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) a subunit isoforms in invasiveness of MCF10a and MCF10CA1a human breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32731-32741. [PMID: 24072707 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.503771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The vacuolar H(+) ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-driven proton pumps that transport protons across both intracellular and plasma membranes. Previous studies have implicated V-ATPases in the invasiveness of various cancer cell lines. In this study, we evaluated the role of V-ATPases in the invasiveness of two closely matched human breast cancer lines. MCF10a cells are a non-invasive, immortalized breast epithelial cell line, and MCF10CA1a cells are a highly invasive, H-Ras-transformed derivative of MCF10a cells selected for their metastatic potential. Using an in vitro Matrigel assay, MCF10CA1a cells showed a much higher invasion than the parental MCF10a cells. Moreover, this increased invasion was completely sensitive to the specific V-ATPase inhibitor concanamycin. MCF10CA1a cells expressed much higher levels of both a1 and a3 subunit isoforms relative to the parental line. Isoforms of subunit a are responsible for subcellular localization of V-ATPases, with a3 and a4 targeting V-ATPases to the plasma membrane of specialized cells. Knockdown of either a3 alone or a3 and a4 together using isoform-specific siRNAs inhibited invasion by MCF10CA1a cells. Importantly, overexpression of a3 but not the other a subunit isoforms greatly increased the invasiveness of the parental MCF10a cells. Similarly, overexpression of a3 significantly increased expression of V-ATPases at the plasma membrane. These studies suggest that breast tumor cells employ particular a subunit isoforms to target V-ATPases to the plasma membrane, where they function in tumor cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Capecci
- From the Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine and the Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Michael Forgac
- From the Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine and the Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111.
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Cao L, Lou X, Zou Z, Mou N, Wu W, Huang X, Tan H. Folic acid attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia-induced glomerular damage in rats. Microvasc Res 2013; 89:146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lu X, Garrelds IM, Wagner CA, Danser AHJ, Meima ME. (Pro)renin receptor is required for prorenin-dependent and -independent regulation of vacuolar H+-ATPase activity in MDCK.C11 collecting duct cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 305:F417-25. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00037.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prorenin binding to the prorenin receptor [(P)RR] results in nonproteolytic activation of prorenin but also directly (i.e., independent of angiotensin generation) activates signal transduction cascades that can lead to the upregulation of profibrotic factors. The (P)RR is an accessory protein of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) and is required for V-ATPase integrity. In addition, in collecting duct cells, prorenin-induced activation of Erk depends on V-ATPase activity. However, whether prorenin binding to the (P)RR directly regulates V-ATPase activity is as yet unknown. Here, we studied the effect of prorenin on plasma membrane V-ATPase activity in Madin-Darby canine kidney clone 11 (MDCK.C11) cells, which resemble intercalated cells of the collecting duct. Prorenin increased V-ATPase activity at low nanomolar concentrations, and the V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1, but not the angiotensin II type 1 and 2 receptor blockers irbesartan and PD-123319, prevented this. Increased, but not basal, V-ATPase activity was abolished by small interfering RNA depletion of the (P)RR. Unexpectedly, the putative peptidic (P)RR blocker handle region peptide also increasedV-ATPase activity in a (P)RR-dependent manner. Finally, [Arg8]-vasopressin-stimulated V-ATPase activity and cAMP production were also abolished by (P)RR depletion. Our results show that in MDCK.C11 cells, the (P)RR is required for prorenin-dependent and -independent regulation of V-ATPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Lu
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Ingrid M. Garrelds
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | | | - A. H. Jan Danser
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Marcel E. Meima
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; and
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