1
|
Peng Y, Li L, Shang J, Zhu H, Liao J, Hong X, Hou FF, Fu H, Liu Y. Macrophage promotes fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis by assembling a vitronectin-enriched microenvironment. Theranostics 2023; 13:3897-3913. [PMID: 37441594 PMCID: PMC10334827 DOI: 10.7150/thno.85250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Renal infiltration of inflammatory cells including macrophages is a crucial event in kidney fibrogenesis. However, how macrophage regulates fibroblast activation in the fibrotic kidney remains elusive. In this study, we show that macrophages promoted fibroblast activation by assembling a vitronectin (Vtn)-enriched, extracellular microenvironment. Methods: We prepared decellularized kidney tissue scaffold (KTS) from normal and fibrotic kidney after unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) and carried out an unbiased quantitative proteomics analysis. NRK-49F cells were seeded on macrophage-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold. Genetic Vtn knockout (Vtn-/-) mice and chronic kidney disease (CKD) model with overexpression of Vtn were used to corroborate a role of Vtn/integrin αvβ5/Src in kidney fibrosis. Results: Vtn was identified as one of the most upregulated proteins in the decellularized kidney tissue scaffold from fibrotic kidney by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, Vtn was upregulated in the kidney of mouse models of CKD and primarily expressed and secreted by activated macrophages. Urinary Vtn levels were elevated in CKD patients and inversely correlated with kidney function. Genetic ablation or knockdown of Vtn protected mice from developing kidney fibrosis after injury. Conversely, overexpression of Vtn exacerbated renal fibrotic lesions and aggravated renal insufficiency. We found that macrophage-derived, Vtn-enriched extracellular matrix scaffold promoted fibroblast activation and proliferation. In vitro, Vtn triggered fibroblast activation by stimulating integrin αvβ5 and Src kinase signaling. Either blockade of αvβ5 with neutralizing antibody or pharmacological inhibition of Src by Saracatinib abolished Vtn-induced fibroblast activation. Moreover, Saracatinib dose-dependently ameliorated Vtn-induced kidney fibrosis in vivo. These results demonstrate that macrophage induces fibroblast activation by assembling a Vtn-enriched extracellular microenvironment, which triggers integrin αvβ5 and Src kinase signaling. Conclusion: Our findings uncover a novel mechanism by which macrophages contribute to kidney fibrosis via assembling a Vtn-enriched extracellular niche and suggest that disrupting fibrogenic microenvironment could be a therapeutic strategy for fibrotic CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Jingyue Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Haili Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Jinlin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Xue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gaipov A, Makhammajanov Z, Dauyey Z, Markhametova Z, Mussina K, Nogaibayeva A, Kozina L, Auganova D, Tarlykov P, Bukasov R, Utegulov Z, Turebekov D, Soler MJ, Ortiz A, Kanbay M. Urinary Protein Profiling for Potential Biomarkers of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2583. [PMID: 36359427 PMCID: PMC9689510 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteinuria is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and associated complications. However, there is insufficient information on individual protein components in urine and the severity of CKD. We aimed to investigate urinary proteomics and its association with proteinuria and kidney function in early-stage CKD and in healthy individuals. A 24 h urine sample of 42 individuals (21-CKD and 21-healthy individuals) was used for mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis. An exponentially modified protein abundance index (emPAI) was calculated for each protein. Data were analyzed by Mascot software using the SwissProt database and bioinformatics tools. Overall, 298 unique proteins were identified in the cohort; of them, 250 proteins belong to the control group with median (IQR) emPAI 39.1 (19−53) and 142 proteins belong to the CKD group with median (IQR) emPAI 67.8 (49−117). The level of 24 h proteinuria positively correlated with emPAI (r = 0.390, p = 0.011). The emPAI of some urinary proteomics had close positive (ALBU, ZA2G, IGKC) and negative (OSTP, CD59, UROM, KNG1, RNAS1, CD44, AMBP) correlations (r < 0.419, p < 0.001) with 24 h proteinuria levels. Additionally, a few proteins (VTDB, AACT, A1AG2, VTNC, and CD44) significantly correlated with kidney function. In this proteomics study, several urinary proteins correlated with proteinuria and kidney function. Pathway analysis identified subpathways potentially related to early proteinuric CKD, allowing the design of prospective studies that explore their response to therapy and their relationship to long-term outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abduzhappar Gaipov
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- Clinical Academic Department of Internal Medicine, CF “University Medical Center”, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhalaliddin Makhammajanov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanna Dauyey
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhannur Markhametova
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Kamilla Mussina
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Larissa Kozina
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, National Scientific Medical Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Dana Auganova
- Department of Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, National Center for Biotechnology, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Pavel Tarlykov
- Department of Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, National Center for Biotechnology, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Rostislav Bukasov
- Department of Chemistry, SSH, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhandos Utegulov
- Department of Physics, SSH, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Duman Turebekov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Maria Jose Soler
- Department of Nephrology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Koc University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vitronectin, a Novel Urinary Proteomic Biomarker, Promotes Cell Pyroptosis in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:8447675. [PMID: 35462789 PMCID: PMC9020974 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8447675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Identifying new markers of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is critical event to predict patient stratification and prognosis. The aim of the present study is to analyze alteration of urinary protein expression and screen potential valuable biomarkers in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE). Methods The urine was collected from the patients with or without JSLE and detected by mass spectrometry to analyze proteomic changes. ELISA was used to verify the Vitronectin (VTN) changes in a new set of patients. The clinical correlation was performed to analyze between VTN and clinical pathological parameters. WB and ELISA were used to analyze VTN-mediated cell pyroptosis. Results Herein, we have identified a group of 105 differentially expressed proteins with ≥1.3-fold upregulation or ≤0.77-fold downregulation in JSLE patients. These proteins were involved in several important biological processes, including acute phase inflammatory responses, complement activation, hemostasis, and immune system regulation through Gene Ontology and functional enrichment analysis. Interestingly, urinary ephrin type-A receptor 4 (EPHA4) and VTN were significantly reduced in both inactive and active JSLE patients, and VTN treatment in THP-1 derived macrophages led to a significant increased cell pyroptosis by activation of Nod-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes, resulting in caspase-1 activation, cleaved gasdermin D (GSDMD), and IL-18 secretion. Most importantly, the urinary VTN was also linearly correlated with clinical characteristics of JSLE, implying that VTN could be a specific diagnostic biomarker to distinguish inactive and active JSLE. Conclusion This study provided a novel role of VTN in pyroptosis in JSLE through the urinary proteomic profile for JSLE, which could be a nonintrusive monitoring strategy in clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Falcone S, Nicol T, Blease A, Randles MJ, Angus E, Page A, Tam FWK, Pusey CD, Lennon R, Potter PK. A novel model of nephrotic syndrome results from a point mutation in Lama5 and is modified by genetic background. Kidney Int 2022; 101:527-540. [PMID: 34774562 PMCID: PMC8883398 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, edema and hyperlipidaemia. Genetic studies of nephrotic syndrome have led to the identification of proteins playing a crucial role in slit diaphragm signaling, regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics and cell-matrix interactions. The laminin α5 chain is essential for embryonic development and, in association with laminin β2 and laminin γ1, is a major component of the glomerular basement membrane, a critical component of the glomerular filtration barrier. Mutations in LAMA5 were recently identified in children with nephrotic syndrome. Here, we have identified a novel missense mutation (E884G) in the uncharacterized L4a domain of LAMA5 where homozygous mice develop nephrotic syndrome with severe proteinuria with histological and ultrastructural changes in the glomerulus mimicking the progression seen in most patients. The levels of LAMA5 are reduced in vivo and the assembly of the laminin 521 heterotrimer significantly reduced in vitro. Proteomic analysis of the glomerular extracellular fraction revealed changes in the matrix composition. Importantly, the genetic background of the mice had a significant effect on aspects of disease progression from proteinuria to changes in podocyte morphology. Thus, our novel model will provide insights into pathologic mechanisms of nephrotic syndrome and pathways that influence the response to a dysfunctional glomerular basement membrane that may be important in a range of kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Falcone
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, UK; Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Nicol
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, UK; British Heart Foundation, Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Blease
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Michael J Randles
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Elizabeth Angus
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Anton Page
- Biomedical Imaging Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Frederick W K Tam
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Charles D Pusey
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel Lennon
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul K Potter
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, UK; Department Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li J, Cai S, Zeng C, Chen L, Zhao C, Huang Y, Cai W. Urinary exosomal vitronectin predicts vesicoureteral reflux in patients with neurogenic bladders and spinal cord injuries. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:65. [PMID: 34934436 PMCID: PMC8649849 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenic bladder (NGB) is an important complication of urinary tract dysfunction after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, using urodynamics and urography to guide therapy remains invasive and complicated. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify potential noninvasive biomarkers from urinary exosomes that can facilitate diagnosis and guide prognosis of patients with NGB subsequent to SCI. Urinary exosomes were isolated, and their proteome profile was analyzed by mass spectrometry. Transmission electron microscopy and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis confirmed the size and morphological characteristics of urinary exosomes. In addition, bioinformatics analysis and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) were used to screen candidate biomarkers. The selected biomarkers were validated using western blotting and ELISA. Mass spectrometry identified 134 upregulated proteins and 99 downregulated proteins between the vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and non-VUR groups. A total of 18 candidate proteins were selected for PRM validation, but only vitronectin (VTN) and α-1 type I collagen (COL1A1) demonstrated significant differences. In the validation experiments using western blotting and ELISA, VTN was exclusively highly expressed in VUR patients compared with non-VUR patients. However, the ELISA results of COL1A1 revealed no significant difference when a larger sample size was used. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic curve of ELISA-based VTN demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.795 and 80% sensitivity at a threshold set to give 82.9% specificity. Collectively, these results suggested that VTN in urinary exosomes may be used as a biomarker to predict the progression and guide the prognosis of NGB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Li
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China.,School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shiying Cai
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Chunxian Zeng
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Chun Zhao
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhi Cai
- Department of Nursing, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China.,School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Urinary vitronectin identifies patients with high levels of fibrosis in kidney grafts. J Nephrol 2020; 34:861-874. [PMID: 33275196 PMCID: PMC8192319 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In kidney transplantation, fibrosis represents the final and irreversible consequence of the pathogenic mechanisms that lead to graft failure, and in the late stages it irremediably precedes the loss of renal function. The invasiveness of kidney biopsy prevents this condition from being frequently monitored, while clinical data are rather unspecific. The objective of this study was to find noninvasive biomarkers of kidney rejection. METHODS We carried out proteomic analysis of the urinary Extracellular Vesicles (uEVs) from a cohort of kidney transplant recipients (n = 23) classified according to their biopsy-based diagnosis and clinical parameters as interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA), acute cellular rejection (ACR), calcineurin inhibitors toxicity (CNIT) and normal kidney function (NKF). RESULTS Shotgun mass spectrometry of uEV-proteins identified differential expression of several proteins among these different groups. Up to 23 of these proteins were re-evaluated using targeted proteomics in a new independent cohort of patients (n = 41) classified in the same diagnostic groups. Among other results, we found a differential expression of vitronectin (VTN) in patients displaying chronic interstitial and tubular lesions (ci and ct mean > 2 according to Banff criteria). These results were further confirmed by a pilot study using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CONCLUSION Urinary vitronectin levels are a potential stand-alone biomarker to monitor fibrotic changes in kidney transplant recipients in a non-invasive fashion.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang J, Zhu H, Huang L, Zhu X, Sha J, Li G, Ma G, Zhang W, Gu M, Guo Y. Nrf2 signaling attenuates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and renal interstitial fibrosis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 111:104296. [PMID: 31449784 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nrf2 constitutes a therapeutic reference point for renal fibrosis and chronic kidney diseases. Nrf2-related signaling pathways are recognized to temper endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in fibrotic tissue. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which Nrf2 mitigates renal interstitial fibrosis is imprecise. METHODS The relationship between Nrf2 and renal interstitial fibrosis was investigated using the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of Nrf2-/- mice. The mice were separated into four groups, based on the treatment and intervention: Nrf2-/- + UUO, Nrf2-/- + Sham, WT + UUO and WT + Sham. Histological examination of renal tissue following the hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining was carried out, as well as immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, to confirm the in vivo discoveries, in vitro experiments with HK-2 cells were also performed. RESULTS The Nrf2-/- + UUO group showed more severe renal interstitial fibrosis compared to the WT + UUO, Nrf2-/- + Sham and WT + Sham groups. Furthermore, the manifestations of α-SMA and Fibronectin significantly increased, and the manifestation of E-cadherin considerably decreased in kidney tissues from the group of Nrf2-/- + UUO, compared to the WT + UUO group. The Nrf2 protein level significantly decreased in HK-2 cells, in reaction to the TGF-β1 concentration. In addition, the overexpression of Nrf2 presented contradictory results. What is more, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was discovered to be activated in the proteins extracted from cultured cells, and treated with Nrf2 siRNA and kidney tissues from the Nrf2-/- + UUO group. CONCLUSIONS The results we obtained demonstrate that Nrf2 signaling pathway may perhaps offset the development of EMT, prompted by TGF-β1 and renal interstitial fibrosis. Likewise, the anti-fibrotic effect of Nrf2 was imparted by the inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling. From our discoveries, we deliver new insight related to the prevention and treatment of kidney fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haobo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liqu Huang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jintong Sha
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guogen Li
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Geng Ma
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Yunfei Guo
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vousden KA, Lundqvist T, Popovic B, Naiman B, Carruthers AM, Newton P, Johnson DJD, Pomowski A, Wilkinson T, Dufner P, de Mendez I, Mallinder PR, Murray C, Strain M, Connor J, Murray LA, Sleeman MA, Lowe DC, Huntington JA, Vaughan TJ. Discovery and characterisation of an antibody that selectively modulates the inhibitory activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1605. [PMID: 30733557 PMCID: PMC6367345 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) that regulates fibrinolysis, cell adhesion and cell motility via its interactions with plasminogen activators and vitronectin. PAI-1 has been shown to play a role in a number of diverse pathologies including cardiovascular diseases, obesity and cancer and is therefore an attractive therapeutic target. However the multiple patho-physiological roles of PAI-1, and understanding the relative contributions of these in any one disease setting, make the development of therapeutically relevant molecules challenging. Here we describe the identification and characterisation of fully human antibody MEDI-579, which binds with high affinity and specificity to the active form of human PAI-1. MEDI-579 specifically inhibits serine protease interactions with PAI-1 while conserving vitronectin binding. Crystallographic analysis reveals that this specificity is achieved through direct binding of MEDI-579 Fab to the reactive centre loop (RCL) of PAI-1 and at the same exosite used by both tissue and urokinase plasminogen activators (tPA and uPA). We propose that MEDI-579 acts by directly competing with proteases for RCL binding and as such is able to modulate the interaction of PAI-1 with tPA and uPA in a way not previously described for a human PAI-1 inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomas Lundqvist
- AstraZeneca AB R&D, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 50, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Brian Naiman
- MedImmune LLC, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel J D Johnson
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Anja Pomowski
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Clare Murray
- AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TF, UK
| | | | - Jane Connor
- MedImmune LLC, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | | | | | | | - James A Huntington
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
McCurley A, Alimperti S, Campos-Bilderback SB, Sandoval RM, Calvino JE, Reynolds TL, Quigley C, Mugford JW, Polacheck WJ, Gomez IG, Dovey J, Marsh G, Huang A, Qian F, Weinreb PH, Dolinski BM, Moore S, Duffield JS, Chen CS, Molitoris BA, Violette SM, Crackower MA. Inhibition of αv β5 Integrin Attenuates Vascular Permeability and Protects against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28:1741-1752. [PMID: 28062569 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of AKI. This common clinical complication lacks effective therapies and can lead to the development of CKD. The αvβ5 integrin may have an important role in acute injury, including septic shock and acute lung injury. To examine its function in AKI, we utilized a specific function-blocking antibody to inhibit αvβ5 in a rat model of renal IRI. Pretreatment with this anti-αvβ5 antibody significantly reduced serum creatinine levels, diminished renal damage detected by histopathologic evaluation, and decreased levels of injury biomarkers. Notably, therapeutic treatment with the αvβ5 antibody 8 hours after IRI also provided protection from injury. Global gene expression profiling of post-ischemic kidneys showed that αvβ5 inhibition affected established injury markers and induced pathway alterations previously shown to be protective. Intravital imaging of post-ischemic kidneys revealed reduced vascular leak with αvβ5 antibody treatment. Immunostaining for αvβ5 in the kidney detected evident expression in perivascular cells, with negligible expression in the endothelium. Studies in a three-dimensional microfluidics system identified a pericyte-dependent role for αvβ5 in modulating vascular leak. Additional studies showed αvβ5 functions in the adhesion and migration of kidney pericytes in vitro Initial studies monitoring renal blood flow after IRI did not find significant effects with αvβ5 inhibition; however, future studies should explore the contribution of vasomotor effects. These studies identify a role for αvβ5 in modulating injury-induced renal vascular leak, possibly through effects on pericyte adhesion and migration, and reveal αvβ5 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stella Alimperti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Silvia B Campos-Bilderback
- Indiana University School of Medicine, The Roudebush Veterans Affair Medical Center, Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Ruben M Sandoval
- Indiana University School of Medicine, The Roudebush Veterans Affair Medical Center, Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | | | | | | | | | - William J Polacheck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Fang Qian
- Biogen Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Christopher S Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruce A Molitoris
- Indiana University School of Medicine, The Roudebush Veterans Affair Medical Center, Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Indianapolis, Indiana; and.,Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rossi FW, Napolitano F, Pesapane A, Mascolo M, Staibano S, Matucci-Cerinic M, Guiducci S, Ragno P, di Spigna G, Postiglione L, Marone G, Montuori N, de Paulis A. Upregulation of the N-Formyl Peptide Receptors in Scleroderma Fibroblasts Fosters the Switch to Myofibroblasts. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5161-73. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
11
|
Vitronectin-binding PAI-1 protects against the development of cardiac fibrosis through interaction with fibroblasts. J Transl Med 2014; 94:633-44. [PMID: 24687120 PMCID: PMC4361016 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) promotes or abates fibrotic processes occurring in different organs. Binding of PAI-1 to vitronectin, an extracellular matrix component, may inhibit vitronectin-integrin complex-mediated cellular responses in pathophysiological conditions. To investigate the importance of plasmin suppression vs vitronectin-binding pathways of PAI-1 in cardiac fibrosis, we studied uninephrectomized mice fed a high salt diet and infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) together with different PAI-1 variants, including PAI-1AK (AK) that inhibits plasminogen activators but does not bind vitronectin, PAI-1RR (RR) that binds vitronectin but does not have protease inhibitory effects or control PAI-1 (CPAI), the control mutant that has similar molecular backbone and half-life as AK and RR while retaining all functions of native PAI-1. Compared with RR and CPAI, non-vitronectin-binding AK significantly increased expression of cardiac fibroblast marker, periostin (Ang+AK 8.40±3.55 vs Ang+RR 2.23±0.44 and Ang+CPAI 2.33±0.12% positive area, both P<0.05) and cardiac fibrosis (Ang+AK 1.79±0.26% vs Ang+RR 0.91±0.18% and Ang+CPAI 0.81±0.12% fibrotic area, both P<0.05), as well as Col1 mRNA (Ang+AK 12.81±1.84 vs Ang+RR 4.04±1.06 and Ang+CPAI 5.23±1.21 fold increase, both P<0.05). To elucidate mechanisms underlying the protective effects of vitronectin-binding PAI-1 against fibrosis, fibroblasts from normal adult human ventricles were stimulated with Ang and different PAI-1 variants. Protease inhibitory AK and CPAI increased supernatant fibronectin, while decreasing plasminogen activator/plasmin activities and matrix metalloproteinase. RR and CPAI variants significantly reduced fibroblast expression of integrin β3, vitronectin level in the supernatant and fibroblast adhesion to vitronectin compared with the non-vitronectin-binding AK. Further, RR and CPAI preserved apoptotic, decreased anti-apoptotic and proliferative activities in fibroblasts. Thus, PAI-1 promotes or protects against development of cardiac fibrosis differentially through the protease inhibitory pathway or through its binding to vitronectin.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ulmasov B, Oshima K, Rodriguez MG, Cox RD, Neuschwander-Tetri BA. Differences in the degree of cerulein-induced chronic pancreatitis in C57BL/6 mouse substrains lead to new insights in identification of potential risk factors in the development of chronic pancreatitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 183:692-708. [PMID: 23845568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A frequently used experimental model of chronic pancreatitis (CP) recapitulating human disease is repeated injection of cerulein into mice. C57BL/6 is the most commonly used inbred mouse strain for biomedical research, but widespread demand has led to generation of several substrains with subtly different phenotypes. In this study, two common substrains, C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NHsd, exhibited different degrees of CP, with C57BL/6J being more susceptible to repetitive cerulein-induced CP as assessed by pancreatic atrophy, pancreatic morphological changes, and fibrosis. We hypothesized that the deficiency of nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) protein in C57BL/6J is responsible for the more severe C57BL/6J phenotype but the parameters of CP in NNT-expressing transgenic mice generated on a C57BL6/J background do not differ with those of wild-type C57BL/6J. The highly similar genetic backgrounds but different CP phenotypes of these two substrains presents a unique opportunity to discover genes important in pathogenesis of CP. We therefore performed whole mouse genome Affymetrix microarray analysis of pancreatic gene expression of C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NHsd before and after induction of CP. Genes with differentially regulated expression between the two substrains that might be candidates in CP progression included Mmp7, Pcolce2, Itih4, Wdfy1, and Vtn. We also identified several genes associated with development of CP in both substrains, including RIKEN cDNA 1810009J06 gene (trypsinogen 5), Ccl8, and Ccl6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ulmasov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Eddy AA, López-Guisa JM, Okamura DM, Yamaguchi I. Investigating mechanisms of chronic kidney disease in mouse models. Pediatr Nephrol 2012; 27:1233-47. [PMID: 21695449 PMCID: PMC3199379 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-011-1938-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important experimental tools that are used to investigate novel mechanistic pathways and to validate potential new therapeutic interventions prior to pre-clinical testing in humans. Over the past several years, mouse CKD models have been extensively used for these purposes. Despite significant limitations, the model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) has essentially become the high-throughput in vivo model, as it recapitulates the fundamental pathogenetic mechanisms that typify all forms of CKD in a relatively short time span. In addition, several alternative mouse models are available that can be used to validate new mechanistic paradigms and/or novel therapies. Here, we review several models-both genetic and experimentally induced-that provide investigators with an opportunity to include renal functional study end-points together with quantitative measures of fibrosis severity, something that is not possible with the UUO model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison A Eddy
- Center for Tissue and Cell Sciences, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, M/S C9S-5, Seattle, WA 98101-1309, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|