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Caputo M, Pigni S, Agosti E, Daffara T, Ferrero A, Filigheddu N, Prodam F. Regulation of GH and GH Signaling by Nutrients. Cells 2021; 10:1376. [PMID: 34199514 PMCID: PMC8227158 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) are pleiotropic hormones with important roles in lifespan. They promote growth, anabolic actions, and body maintenance, and in conditions of energy deprivation, favor catabolic feedback mechanisms switching from carbohydrate oxidation to lipolysis, with the aim to preserve protein storages and survival. IGF-I/insulin signaling was also the first one identified in the regulation of lifespan in relation to the nutrient-sensing. Indeed, nutrients are crucial modifiers of the GH/IGF-I axis, and these hormones also regulate the complex orchestration of utilization of nutrients in cell and tissues. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on the reciprocal feedback among the GH/IGF-I axis, macro and micronutrients, and dietary regimens, including caloric restriction. Expanding the depth of information on this topic could open perspectives in nutrition management, prevention, and treatment of GH/IGF-I deficiency or excess during life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Caputo
- SCDU of Endocrinology, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (T.D.); (A.F.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Stella Pigni
- SCDU of Endocrinology, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Emanuela Agosti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Tommaso Daffara
- SCDU of Endocrinology, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Alice Ferrero
- SCDU of Endocrinology, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (T.D.); (A.F.)
| | - Nicoletta Filigheddu
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Flavia Prodam
- SCDU of Endocrinology, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy; (M.C.); (S.P.); (T.D.); (A.F.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
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Lobacz MA, Sullivan M, Mellor D, Hammond G, Labruyère J, Dennis R. EFFECT OF BREED, AGE, WEIGHT AND GENDER ON RADIOGRAPHIC RENAL SIZE IN THE DOG. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2012; 53:437-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2012.01937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Anna Lobacz
- From the School of Veterinary Medicine; College of Medicine; Veterinary Medicine & Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; 464 Bearsden Road; Glasgow; G61 1QH; UK
| | - Martin Sullivan
- From the School of Veterinary Medicine; College of Medicine; Veterinary Medicine & Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; 464 Bearsden Road; Glasgow; G61 1QH; UK
| | - Dominic Mellor
- From the School of Veterinary Medicine; College of Medicine; Veterinary Medicine & Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; 464 Bearsden Road; Glasgow; G61 1QH; UK
| | - Gawain Hammond
- From the School of Veterinary Medicine; College of Medicine; Veterinary Medicine & Life Sciences; University of Glasgow; 464 Bearsden Road; Glasgow; G61 1QH; UK
| | - Julien Labruyère
- and Centre for Small Animal Studies; Animal Health Trust; Lanwades Park; Kentford, Newmarket; Suffolk; CB8 7UU; UK
| | - Ruth Dennis
- and Centre for Small Animal Studies; Animal Health Trust; Lanwades Park; Kentford, Newmarket; Suffolk; CB8 7UU; UK
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Cheng CJ, Huang CL. Activation of PI3-kinase stimulates endocytosis of ROMK via Akt1/SGK1-dependent phosphorylation of WNK1. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 22:460-71. [PMID: 21355052 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2010060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
WNK kinases stimulate endocytosis of ROMK channels to regulate renal K+ handling. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-activating hormones, such as insulin and IGF 1, phosphorylate WNK1, but how this affects the regulation of ROMK abundance is unknown. Here, serum starvation of ROMK-transfected HEK cells led to an increase of ROMK current density; subsequent addition of insulin or IGF1 inhibited ROMK currents in a PI3K-dependent manner. Serum and insulin also increased phosphorylation of the downstream kinases Akt1 and SGK1 as well as WNK1. A biotinylation assay suggested that insulin and IGF1 inhibit ROMK by enhancing its endocytosis, a process that WNK1 may mediate. Knockdown of WNK1 with siRNA or expression of a phospho-deficient WNK1 mutant (T58A) both prevented insulin-induced inhibition of ROMK currents, suggesting that phosphorylation at Threonine-58 of WNK1 is important to mediate the inhibition of ROMK by PI3K-activating hormones or growth factors. In vitro and in vivo kinase assays supported the notion that Akt1 and SGK1 can phosphorylate WNK1 at this site, and we established that Akt1 and SGK1 synergistically inhibit ROMK through WNK1. We used dominant-negative intersectin and dynamin constructs to show that SGK1-mediated phosphorylation of WNK1 inhibits ROMK by promoting its endocytosis. Taken together, these results suggest that PI3K-activating hormones inhibit ROMK by enhancing its endocytosis via a mechanism that involves phosphorylation of WNK1 by Akt1 and SGK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jen Cheng
- Department of Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8856, USA
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Identification of compounds that inhibit IGF-I signaling in hyperglycemia. EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH 2010; 2009:267107. [PMID: 20111736 PMCID: PMC2810469 DOI: 10.1155/2009/267107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Increased
responsiveness of vascular cells to the growth
factor IGF-I has been implicated in
complications associated with diabetes. Here we
describe the development of an assay and
screening of a library of compounds for their
ability to accelerate cleavage of the
transmembrane protein integrin-associated
protein (IAP) thereby disrupting the association
between IAP and SHPS-1 which we have shown as
critical for the enhanced response of vascular
cells to IGF-I. The cell-based ELISA utilizes an
antibody that specifically detects cleaved, but
not intact, IAP. Of the 1040 compounds tested, 14
were considered active by virtue of their
ability to stimulate an increase in antibody-binding indicative of IAP cleavage. In
experiments with smooth muscle and retinal
endothelial cell cultures in hyperglycemic
conditions, each active compound was shown to
accelerate the cleavage of IAP, and this was
associated with a decrease in IAP association
with SHPS-1 as determined by
coimmunoprecipitation of the proteins from cell
lysates. As a consequence of the acceleration in
IAP cleavage, the compounds were shown to inhibit
IGF-I-stimulated phosphorylation of key
signaling molecules including Shc and ERK1/2, and
this in turn was associated with a decrease in
IGF-I-stimulated cell proliferation.
Identification of these compounds that utilize
this mechanism has the potential to yield novel
therapeutic approaches for the prevention and
treatment of vascular complications associated
with diabetes.
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Gil-Peña H, Garcia-Lopez E, Alvarez-Garcia O, Loredo V, Carbajo-Perez E, Ordoñez FA, Rodriguez-Suarez J, Santos F. Alterations of growth plate and abnormal insulin-like growth factor I metabolism in growth-retarded hypokalemic rats: effect of growth hormone treatment. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2009; 297:F639-45. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00188.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypokalemic tubular disorders may lead to growth retardation which is resistant to growth hormone (GH) treatment. The mechanism of these alterations is unknown. Weaning female rats were grouped ( n = 10) in control, potassium-depleted (KD), KD treated with intraperitoneal GH at 3.3 mg·kg−1·day−1 during the last week (KDGH), and control pair-fed with KD (CPF). After 2 wk, KD rats were growth retarded compared with CPF rats, the osseous front advance (±SD) being 67.07 ± 10.44 and 81.56 ± 12.70 μm/day, respectively. GH treatment did not accelerate growth rate. The tibial growth plate of KD rats had marked morphological alterations: lower heights of growth cartilage (228.26 ± 23.58 μm), hypertrophic zone (123.68 ± 13.49 μm), and terminal chondrocytes (20.8 ± 2.39 μm) than normokalemic CPF (264.21 ± 21.77, 153.18 ± 15.80, and 24.21 ± 5.86 μm). GH administration normalized these changes except for the distal chondrocyte height. Quantitative PCR of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-I receptor, and GH receptor genes in KD growth plates showed downregulation of IGF-I and upregulation of IGF-I receptor mRNAs, without changes in their distribution as analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. GH did not further modify IGF-I mRNA expression. KD rats had normal hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels and low serum IGF-I values. GH increased liver IGF-I mRNA, but circulating IGF-I levels remained reduced. This study discloses the structural and molecular alterations induced by potassium depletion on the growth plate and shows that the lack of response to GH administration is associated with persistence of the disturbed process of chondrocyte hypertrophy and depressed mRNA expression of local IGF-I in the growth plate.
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Abstract
Dietary phosphate has profound effects on growth and renal handling of the compound. On the basis of changes in growth rate and food intake, after alterations in phosphate load, our laboratory previously suggested that these effects are mediated by intestinal signals (Landsman A, Lichtstein D, Bacaner M, and Ilani A. Br J Nutr 86: 217-223, 2001). The aim of this study was to further evaluate the role of dietary phosphate on food intake and appetite and specific organ growth, and to test for the presence of a serum factor that may affect renal phosphate handling in phosphate-resupplied rats. The experimental design was based on a comparison between groups of rats receiving identical low-phosphate diets but drinking water containing either phosphate or chloride. We show that 1) changes in food intake after alterations in phosphate load occurred in parallel with variations in digestive system distention, suggesting that dietary phosphate has also a direct effect on appetite; 2) dietary phosphate-dependent growth has a specific effect on the growth of liver and epididymal fat; and 3) serum of rats supplied with phosphate contains a factor that inhibits sodium-dependent phosphate transport in a model of renal proximal tubule cells. Collectively, these observations are in accord with the hypothesis that factor(s) emanating from the digestive system in response to dietary phosphate load may be involved in growth, appetite and renal handling of phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Landsman
- Dept. of Physiology, The Hebrew Univ., Hadassah Medical School, P.O.B. 12272, Jerusalem, Israel, 91120
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Cheval L, Duong Van Huyen JP, Bruneval P, Verbavatz JM, Elalouf JM, Doucet A. Plasticity of mouse renal collecting duct in response to potassium depletion. Physiol Genomics 2004; 19:61-73. [PMID: 15238618 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00055.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticity of mouse renal collecting duct in response to potassium depletion. —Renal collecting ducts are the main sites for regulation of whole body potassium balance. Changes in dietary intake of potassium induce pleiotropic adaptations of collecting duct cells, which include alterations of ion and water transport properties along with an hypertrophic response. To study the pleiotropic adaptation of the outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD) to dietary potassium depletion, we combined functional studies of renal function (ion, water, and acid/base handling), analysis of OMCD hypertrophy (electron microscopy) and hyperplasia (PCNA labeling), and large scale analysis of gene expression (transcriptome analysis). The transcriptome of OMCD was compared in mice fed either a normal or a potassium-depleted diet for 3 days using serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) adapted for downsized extracts. SAGE is based on the generation of transcript-specific tag libraries. Approximately 20,000 tags corresponding to 10,000 different molecular species were sequenced in each library. Among the 186 tags differentially expressed ( P < 0.05) between the two libraries, 120 were overexpressed and 66 were downregulated. The SAGE expression profile obtained in the control library was representative of different functional classes of proteins and of the two cell types (principal and α-intercalated cells) constituting the OMCD. Combined with gene expression analysis, results of functional and morphological studies allowed us to identify candidate genes for distinct physiological processes modified by potassium depletion: sodium, potassium, and water handling, hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Finally, comparison of mouse and human OMCD transcriptomes allowed us to address the question of the relevance of the mouse as a model for human physiology and pathophysiology.
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MESH Headings
- Acid-Base Equilibrium/genetics
- Acid-Base Equilibrium/physiology
- Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Animals
- Body Weight
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Hyperplasia/genetics
- Hyperplasia/pathology
- Hypertrophy/genetics
- Hypertrophy/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Collecting/drug effects
- Kidney Tubules, Collecting/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Collecting/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Organ Size
- Potassium Deficiency/blood
- Potassium Deficiency/genetics
- Potassium Deficiency/physiopathology
- Potassium Deficiency/urine
- Potassium, Dietary/administration & dosage
- Potassium, Dietary/pharmacology
- Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Reproducibility of Results
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Cheval
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique Rénales, Unité Mixte de Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/UPMC 7134, Paris, France
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