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Plummer JW, Hussain R, Bdaiwi AS, Soderlund SA, Hoyos X, Lanier JM, Garrison WJ, Parra-Robles J, Willmering MM, Niedbalski P, Cleveland ZI, Walkup L. A decay-modeled compressed sensing reconstruction approach for non-Cartesian hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:1363-1375. [PMID: 38860514 PMCID: PMC11262966 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI benefits from non-Cartesian acquisitions that sample k-space efficiently and rapidly. However, their reconstructions are complex and burdened by decay processes unique to hyperpolarized gas. Currently used gridded reconstructions are prone to artifacts caused by magnetization decay and are ill-suited for undersampling. We present a compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction approach that incorporates magnetization decay in the forward model, thereby producing images with increased sharpness and contrast, even in undersampled data. METHODS Radio-frequency, T1, andT 2 * $$ {\mathrm{T}}_2^{\ast } $$ decay processes were incorporated into the forward model and solved using iterative methods including CS. The decay-modeled reconstruction was validated in simulations and then tested in 2D/3D-spiral ventilation and 3D-radial gas-exchange MRI. Quantitative metrics including apparent-SNR and sharpness were compared between gridded, CS, and twofold undersampled CS reconstructions. Observations were validated in gas-exchange data collected from 15 healthy and 25 post-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplant participants. RESULTS CS reconstructions in simulations yielded images with threefold increases in accuracy. CS increased sharpness and contrast for ventilation in vivo imaging and showed greater accuracy for undersampled acquisitions. CS improved gas-exchange imaging, particularly in the dissolved-phase where apparent-SNR improved, and structure was made discernable. Finally, CS showed repeatability in important global gas-exchange metrics including median dissolved-gas signal ratio and median angle between real/imaginary components. CONCLUSION A non-Cartesian CS reconstruction approach that incorporates hyperpolarized 129Xe decay processes is presented. This approach enables improved image sharpness, contrast, and overall image quality in addition to up-to threefold undersampling. This contribution benefits all hyperpolarized gas MRI through improved accuracy and decreased scan durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. W. Plummer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - R. Hussain
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - A. S. Bdaiwi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - S. A. Soderlund
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - X. Hoyos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - J. M. Lanier
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - W. J. Garrison
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - J. Parra-Robles
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - M. M. Willmering
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - P.J. Niedbalski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, KS, United States
| | - Z. I. Cleveland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - L.L. Walkup
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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Ariyasingha NM, Chowdhury MRH, Samoilenko A, Salnikov OG, Chukanov NV, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Shi Z, Luo K, Tan S, Koptyug IV, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. Toward Lung Ventilation Imaging Using Hyperpolarized Diethyl Ether Gas Contrast Agent. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304071. [PMID: 38381807 PMCID: PMC11065616 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized 129Xe gas was FDA-approved as an inhalable contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging of a wide range of pulmonary diseases in December 2022. Despite the remarkable success in clinical research settings, the widespread clinical translation of HP 129Xe gas faces two critical challenges: the high cost of the relatively low-throughput hyperpolarization equipment and the lack of 129Xe imaging capability on clinical MRI scanners, which have narrow-bandwidth electronics designed only for proton (1H) imaging. To solve this translational grand challenge of gaseous hyperpolarized MRI contrast agents, here we demonstrate the utility of batch-mode production of proton-hyperpolarized diethyl ether gas via heterogeneous pairwise addition of parahydrogen to ethyl vinyl ether. An approximately 0.1-liter bolus of hyperpolarized diethyl ether gas was produced in 1 second and injected in excised rabbit lungs. Lung ventilation imaging was performed using sub-second 2D MRI with up to 2×2 mm2 in-plane resolution using a clinical 0.35 T MRI scanner without any modifications. This feasibility demonstration paves the way for the use of inhalable diethyl ether as a gaseous contrast agent for pulmonary MRI applications using any clinical MRI scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuwandi M Ariyasingha
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI-48202, USA
| | - Md Raduanul H Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI-48202, USA
| | - Anna Samoilenko
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI-48202, USA
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nikita V Chukanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Larisa M Kovtunova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Zhongjie Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI-48202, USA
| | - Kehuan Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI-48202, USA
| | - Sidhartha Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI-48202, USA
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 3 A Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL-62901, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI-48202, USA
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Mummy D, Zhang S, Bechtel A, Lu J, Mammarappallil J, Leewiwatwong S, Costelle A, Swaminathan A, Driehuys B. Functional gas exchange measures on 129Xe MRI and spectroscopy are associated with age, sex, and BMI in healthy subjects. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1342499. [PMID: 38651062 PMCID: PMC11033479 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1342499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI and spectroscopy is a rapidly growing technique for assessing lung function, with applications in a wide range of obstructive, restrictive, and pulmonary vascular disease. However, normal variations in 129Xe measures of gas exchange across healthy subjects are not well characterized, presenting an obstacle to differentiating disease processes from the consequences of expected physiological heterogeneity. Here, we use multivariate models to evaluate the role of age, sex, and BMI in a range of commonly used 129Xe measures of gas exchange. Materials and methods Healthy subjects (N = 40, 16F, age 44.3 ± 17.8 yrs., min-max 22-87 years) with no history of cardiopulmonary disease underwent 129Xe gas exchange MRI and spectroscopy. We used multivariate linear models to assess the associations of age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) with the RBC:Membrane (RBC:M), membrane to gas (Mem:Gas), and red blood cell to gas (RBC:Gas) ratios, as well as measurements of RBC oscillation amplitude and RBC chemical shift. Results Age, sex, and BMI were all significant covariates in the RBC:M model. Each additional 10 years of age was associated with a 0.05 decrease in RBC:M (p < 0.001), each additional 10 points of BMI was associated with a decrease of 0.07 (p = 0.02), and males were associated with a 0.17 higher RBC:M than females (p < 0.001). For Mem:Gas, male sex was associated with a decrease and BMI was associated with an increase. For RBC:Gas, age was associated with a decrease and male sex was associated with an increase. RBC oscillation amplitude increased with age and RBC chemical shift was not associated with any of the three covariates. Discussion 129Xe MRI and spectroscopy measurements in healthy subjects, particularly the widely used RBC:M measurement, exhibit heterogeneity associated in part with variations in subject age, sex, and BMI. Elucidating the contributions of these and other factors to 129Xe gas exchange measurements is a critical component for differentiating disease processes from expected variation in healthy subjects. Notably, the Mem:Gas and RBC chemical shift appear to be stable with aging, suggesting that unexplained deviations in these metrics may be signs of underlying abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mummy
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Aryil Bechtel
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Junlan Lu
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | | | - Anna Costelle
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Bastiaan Driehuys
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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4
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Lu J, Alenezi F, Bier E, Leewiwatwong S, Mummy D, Kabir S, Rajagopal S, Robertson S, Niedbalski PJ, Driehuys B. Optimized quantitative mapping of cardiopulmonary oscillations using hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas exchange MRI: Digital phantoms and clinical evaluation in CTEPH. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1541-1555. [PMID: 38084439 PMCID: PMC10872359 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The interaction between 129 Xe atoms and pulmonary capillary red blood cells provides cardiogenic signal oscillations that display sensitivity to precapillary and postcapillary pulmonary hypertension. Recently, such oscillations have been spatially mapped, but little is known about optimal reconstruction or sensitivity to artifacts. In this study, we use digital phantom simulations to specifically optimize keyhole reconstruction for oscillation imaging. We then use this optimized method to re-establish healthy reference values and quantitatively evaluate microvascular flow changes in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) before and after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE). METHODS A six-zone digital lung phantom was designed to investigate the effects of radial views, key radius, and SNR. One-point Dixon 129 Xe gas exchange MRI images were acquired in a healthy cohort (n = 17) to generate a reference distribution and thresholds for mapping red blood cell oscillations. These thresholds were applied to 10 CTEPH participants, with 6 rescanned following PTE. RESULTS For undersampled acquisitions, a key radius of0.14 k max $$ 0.14{k}_{\mathrm{max}} $$ was found to optimally resolve oscillation defects while minimizing excessive heterogeneity. CTEPH participants at baseline showed higher oscillation defect + low (32 ± 14%) compared with healthy volunteers (18 ± 12%, p < 0.001). For those scanned both before and after PTE, oscillation defect + low decreased from 37 ± 13% to 23 ± 14% (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Digital phantom simulations have informed an optimized keyhole reconstruction technique for gas exchange images acquired with standard 1-point Dixon parameters. Our proposed methodology enables more robust quantitative mapping of cardiogenic oscillations, potentially facilitating effective regional quantification of microvascular flow impairment in patients with pulmonary vascular diseases such as CTEPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Lu
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fawaz Alenezi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elianna Bier
- Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - David Mummy
- Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sakib Kabir
- Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Scott Robertson
- Clinical Imaging Physics Group, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter J. Niedbalski
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Bastiaan Driehuys
- Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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5
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Foo CT, Langton D, Thompson BR, Thien F. Functional lung imaging using novel and emerging MRI techniques. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1060940. [PMID: 37181360 PMCID: PMC10166823 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1060940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are leading causes of death and disability in the world. While early diagnosis is key, this has proven difficult due to the lack of sensitive and non-invasive tools. Computed tomography is regarded as the gold standard for structural lung imaging but lacks functional information and involves significant radiation exposure. Lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has historically been challenging due to its short T2 and low proton density. Hyperpolarised gas MRI is an emerging technique that is able to overcome these difficulties, permitting the functional and microstructural evaluation of the lung. Other novel imaging techniques such as fluorinated gas MRI, oxygen-enhanced MRI, Fourier decomposition MRI and phase-resolved functional lung imaging can also be used to interrogate lung function though they are currently at varying stages of development. This article provides a clinically focused review of these contrast and non-contrast MR imaging techniques and their current applications in lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan T. Foo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Langton
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | - Bruce R. Thompson
- Melbourne School of Health Science, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francis Thien
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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6
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Kimura A, Utsumi S, Shimokawa A, Nishimori R, Hosoi R, Stewart NJ, Imai H, Fujiwara H. Targeted Imaging of Lung Cancer with Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI Using Surface-Modified Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Molecular Contrast Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246070. [PMID: 36551556 PMCID: PMC9776850 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized 129Xe (HP 129Xe) MRI enables functional imaging of various lung diseases but has been scarcely applied to lung cancer imaging. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of targeted imaging of lung cancer with HP 129Xe MRI using surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) as molecular targeting contrast agents. A mouse model of lung cancer (LC) was induced in nine mice by intra-peritoneal injection of urethane. Three months after the urethane administration, the mice underwent lung imaging with HP 129Xe MRI at baseline (0 h). Subsequently, the LC group was divided into two sub-groups: mice administered with polyethylene glycol-coated IONPs (PEG-IONPs, n = 4) and folate-conjugated dextran-coated IONPs (FA@Dex-IONPs, n = 5). The mice were imaged at 3, 6, and 24 h after the intravenous injection of IONPs. FA@Dex-IONPs mice showed a 25% reduction in average signal intensity at cancer sites at 3 h post injection, and a 24% reduction at 24 h post injection. On the other hand, in PEG-IONPs mice, while a signal reduction of approximately 28% was observed at cancer sites at 3 to 6 h post injection, the signal intensity was unchanged from that of the baseline at 24 h. Proton MRI of LC mice (n = 3) was able to detect cancer five months after urethane administration, i.e., later than HP 129Xe MRI (3 months). Furthermore, a significant decrease in averaged 1H T2 values at cancer sites was observed at only 6 h post injection of FA@Dex-IONPs (p < 0.05). As such, the targeted delivery of IONPs to cancer tissue was successfully imaged with HP 129Xe MRI, and their surface modification with folate likely has a high affinity with LC, which causes overexpression of folate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuomi Kimura
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Area of Medical Imaging Technology and Science, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6879-2578
| | - Seiya Utsumi
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Area of Medical Imaging Technology and Science, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimokawa
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Area of Medical Imaging Technology and Science, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Renya Nishimori
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Area of Medical Imaging Technology and Science, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rie Hosoi
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Area of Medical Imaging Technology and Science, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Neil J. Stewart
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK
| | - Hirohiko Imai
- Division of Systems Informatics, Department of Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8561, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujiwara
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Area of Medical Imaging Technology and Science, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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MR Imaging for the Evaluation of Diffuse Lung Disease. Radiol Clin North Am 2022; 60:1021-1032. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Stewart NJ, Smith LJ, Chan HF, Eaden JA, Rajaram S, Swift AJ, Weatherley ND, Biancardi A, Collier GJ, Hughes D, Klafkowski G, Johns CS, West N, Ugonna K, Bianchi SM, Lawson R, Sabroe I, Marshall H, Wild JM. Lung MRI with hyperpolarised gases: current & future clinical perspectives. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20210207. [PMID: 34106792 PMCID: PMC9153706 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20210207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of pulmonary MRI in a clinical setting has historically been limited. Whilst CT remains the gold-standard for structural lung imaging in many clinical indications, technical developments in ultrashort and zero echo time MRI techniques are beginning to help realise non-ionising structural imaging in certain lung disorders. In this invited review, we discuss a complementary technique - hyperpolarised (HP) gas MRI with inhaled 3He and 129Xe - a method for functional and microstructural imaging of the lung that has great potential as a clinical tool for early detection and improved understanding of pathophysiology in many lung diseases. HP gas MRI now has the potential to make an impact on clinical management by enabling safe, sensitive monitoring of disease progression and response to therapy. With reference to the significant evidence base gathered over the last two decades, we review HP gas MRI studies in patients with a range of pulmonary disorders, including COPD/emphysema, asthma, cystic fibrosis, and interstitial lung disease. We provide several examples of our experience in Sheffield of using these techniques in a diagnostic clinical setting in challenging adult and paediatric lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Stewart
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Laurie J Smith
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ho-Fung Chan
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - James A Eaden
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Smitha Rajaram
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Andrew J Swift
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nicholas D Weatherley
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alberto Biancardi
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Guilhem J Collier
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David Hughes
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Christopher S Johns
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Noreen West
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kelechi Ugonna
- Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen M Bianchi
- Directorate of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rod Lawson
- Directorate of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ian Sabroe
- Directorate of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Helen Marshall
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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9
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Khan AS, Harvey RL, Birchall JR, Irwin RK, Nikolaou P, Schrank G, Emami K, Dummer A, Barlow MJ, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. Enabling Clinical Technologies for Hyperpolarized 129 Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22126-22147. [PMID: 34018297 PMCID: PMC8478785 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization is a technique that can increase nuclear spin polarization with the corresponding gains in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals by 4-8 orders of magnitude. When this process is applied to biologically relevant samples, the hyperpolarized molecules can be used as exogenous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. A technique called spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) can be applied to hyperpolarize noble gases such as 129 Xe. Techniques based on hyperpolarized 129 Xe are poised to revolutionize clinical lung imaging, offering a non-ionizing, high-contrast alternative to computed tomography (CT) imaging and conventional proton MRI. Moreover, CT and conventional proton MRI report on lung tissue structure but provide little functional information. On the other hand, when a subject breathes hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas, functional lung images reporting on lung ventilation, perfusion and diffusion with 3D readout can be obtained in seconds. In this Review, the physics of SEOP is discussed and the different production modalities are explained in the context of their clinical application. We also briefly compare SEOP to other hyperpolarization methods and conclude this paper with the outlook for biomedical applications of hyperpolarized 129 Xe to lung imaging and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alixander S Khan
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Rebecca L Harvey
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jonathan R Birchall
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Robert K Irwin
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Geoffry Schrank
- Northrup Grumman Space Systems, 45101 Warp Drive, Sterling, VA, 20166, USA
| | | | | | - Michael J Barlow
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, 1245 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
- Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, 1245 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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10
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Niedbalski PJ, Hall CS, Castro M, Eddy RL, Rayment JH, Svenningsen S, Parraga G, Zanette B, Santyr GE, Thomen RP, Stewart NJ, Collier GJ, Chan HF, Wild JM, Fain SB, Miller GW, Mata JF, Mugler JP, Driehuys B, Willmering MM, Cleveland ZI, Woods JC. Protocols for multi-site trials using hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI for imaging of ventilation, alveolar-airspace size, and gas exchange: A position paper from the 129 Xe MRI clinical trials consortium. Magn Reson Med 2021; 86:2966-2986. [PMID: 34478584 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) 129 Xe MRI uniquely images pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange, and terminal airway morphology rapidly and safely, providing novel information not possible using conventional imaging modalities or pulmonary function tests. As such, there is mounting interest in expanding the use of biomarkers derived from HP 129 Xe MRI as outcome measures in multi-site clinical trials across a range of pulmonary disorders. Until recently, HP 129 Xe MRI techniques have been developed largely independently at a limited number of academic centers, without harmonizing acquisition strategies. To promote uniformity and adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI more widely in translational research, multi-site trials, and ultimately clinical practice, this position paper from the 129 Xe MRI Clinical Trials Consortium (https://cpir.cchmc.org/XeMRICTC) recommends standard protocols to harmonize methods for image acquisition in HP 129 Xe MRI. Recommendations are described for the most common HP gas MRI techniques-calibration, ventilation, alveolar-airspace size, and gas exchange-across MRI scanner manufacturers most used for this application. Moreover, recommendations are described for 129 Xe dose volumes and breath-hold standardization to further foster consistency of imaging studies. The intention is that sites with HP 129 Xe MRI capabilities can readily implement these methods to obtain consistent high-quality images that provide regional insight into lung structure and function. While this document represents consensus at a snapshot in time, a roadmap for technical developments is provided that will further increase image quality and efficiency. These standardized dosing and imaging protocols will facilitate the wider adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI for multi-site pulmonary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Niedbalski
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Chase S Hall
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Rachel L Eddy
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan H Rayment
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah Svenningsen
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grace Parraga
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brandon Zanette
- Translational Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giles E Santyr
- Translational Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert P Thomen
- Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Neil J Stewart
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Guilhem J Collier
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ho-Fung Chan
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jim M Wild
- POLARIS, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sean B Fain
- Departments of Medical Physics, Radiology, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - G Wilson Miller
- Center for In-vivo Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jaime F Mata
- Center for In-vivo Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - John P Mugler
- Center for In-vivo Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging, Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Bastiaan Driehuys
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew M Willmering
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Zackary I Cleveland
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics (Pulmonary Medicine) and Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jason C Woods
- Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics (Pulmonary Medicine) and Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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11
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Mummy DG, Bier EA, Wang Z, Korzekwinski J, Morrison L, Barkauskas C, McAdams HP, Tighe RM, Driehuys B, Mammarappallil JG. Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI and Spectroscopy of Gas-Exchange Abnormalities in Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia. Radiology 2021; 301:211-220. [PMID: 34313473 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021204149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent studies demonstrate that antifibrotic drugs previously reserved for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) may slow progression in other interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), creating an urgent need for tools that can sensitively assess disease activity, progression, and therapy response across ILDs. Hyperpolarized xenon 129 (129Xe) MRI and spectroscopy have provided noninvasive measurements of regional gas-exchange abnormalities in IPF. Purpose To assess gas exchange function using 129Xe MRI in a group of study participants with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) compared with healthy control participants. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, participants with NSIP and healthy control participants were enrolled between November 2017 and February 2020 and underwent 129Xe MRI and spectroscopy. Quantitative imaging provided three-dimensional maps of ventilation, interstitial barrier uptake, and transfer into the red blood cell (RBC) compartment. Spectroscopy provided parameters of the static RBC and barrier uptake compartments, as well as cardiogenic oscillations in RBC signal amplitude and chemical shift. Differences between NSIP and healthy control participants were assessed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results Thirty-six participants with NSIP (mean age, 57 years ± 11 [standard deviation]; 27 women) and 15 healthy control participants (mean age, 39 years ± 18; two women) were evaluated. Participants with NSIP had no difference in ventilation compared with healthy control participants (median, 4.4% [first quartile, 1.5%; third quartile, 8.7%] vs 6.0% [first quartile, 2.8%; third quartile, 6.9%]; P = .91), but they had a higher barrier uptake (median, 6.2% [first quartile, 1.8%; third quartile, 23.9%] vs 0.53% [first quartile, 0.33%; third quartile, 2.9%]; P = .003) and an increased RBC transfer defect (median, 20.6% [first quartile, 11.6%; third quartile, 27.8%] vs 2.8% [first quartile, 2.3%; third quartile, 4.9%]; P < .001). NSIP participants also had a reduced ratio of RBC-to-barrier peaks (median, 0.24 [first quartile, 0.19; third quartile, 0.31] vs 0.57 [first quartile, 0.52; third quartile, 0.67]; P < .001) and a reduced RBC chemical shift (median, 217.5 ppm [first quartile, 217.0 ppm; third quartile, 218.0 ppm] vs 218.2 ppm [first quartile, 217.9 ppm; third quartile, 218.6 ppm]; P = .001). Conclusion Participants with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia had increased barrier uptake and decreased red blood cell (RBC) transfer compared with healthy controls measured using xenon 129 gas-exchange MRI and reduced RBC-to-barrier ratio and RBC chemical shift measured using spectroscopy. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Wild in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Mummy
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Elianna A Bier
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Ziyi Wang
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Jennifer Korzekwinski
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Lake Morrison
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Christina Barkauskas
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - H Page McAdams
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Robert M Tighe
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Bastiaan Driehuys
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Joseph G Mammarappallil
- From the Department of Radiology (D.G.M., J.K., B.D., J.G.M.), Center for In Vivo Microscopy (D.G.M., B.D.), Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.A.B., Z.W., B.D.), Department of Medicine (L.M., C.B., H.P.M., R.T.), and Department of Medical Physics (B.D.), Duke University, DUMC Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710
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12
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Fliss JD, Zanette B, Friedlander Y, Sadanand S, Lindenmaier AA, Stirrat E, Li D, Post M, Jankov RP, Santyr G. Hyperpolarized 129Xe magnetic resonance spectroscopy in a rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L507-L517. [PMID: 34189953 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00612.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature infants often require mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy, which can result in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), characterized by developmental arrest and impaired lung function. Conventional clinical methods for assessing the prenatal lung are not adequate for the detection and assessment of long-term health risks in infants with BPD, highlighting the need for a noninvasive tool for the characterization of lung microstructure and function. Theoretical diffusion models, like the model of xenon exchange (MOXE), interrogate alveolar gas exchange by predicting the uptake of inert hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe gas measured with HP 129Xe magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). To investigate HP 129Xe MRS as a tool for noninvasive characterization of pulmonary microstructural and functional changes in vivo, HP 129Xe gas exchange data were acquired in an oxygen exposure rat model of BPD that recapitulates the fewer and larger distal airways and pulmonary vascular stunting characteristics of BPD. Gas exchange parameters from MOXE, including airspace mean chord length (Lm), apparent hematocrit in the pulmonary capillaries (HCT), and pulmonary capillary transit time (tx), were compared with airspace mean axis length and area density (MAL and ρA) and percentage area of tissue and air (PTA and PAA) from histology. Lm was significantly larger in the exposed rats (P = 0.003) and correlated with MAL, ρA, PTA, and PAA (0.59<|ρ|<0.66 and P < 0.05). Observed increase in HCT (P = 0.012) and changes in tx are also discussed. These findings support the use of HP 129Xe MRS for detecting fewer, enlarged distal airways in this rat model of BPD, and potentially in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D Fliss
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brandon Zanette
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yonni Friedlander
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Siddharth Sadanand
- Department of Biomedical Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andras A Lindenmaier
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elaine Stirrat
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Li
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Post
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert P Jankov
- Molecular Biomedicine Program, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giles Santyr
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Khan AS, Harvey RL, Birchall JR, Irwin RK, Nikolaou P, Schrank G, Emami K, Dummer A, Barlow MJ, Goodson BM, Chekmenev EY. Enabling Clinical Technologies for Hyperpolarized
129
Xenon Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alixander S. Khan
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Rebecca L. Harvey
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Jonathan R. Birchall
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit MI 48202 USA
| | - Robert K. Irwin
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | | | - Geoffry Schrank
- Northrup Grumman Space Systems 45101 Warp Drive Sterling VA 20166 USA
| | | | | | - Michael J. Barlow
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University 1245 Lincoln Drive Carbondale IL 62901 USA
- Materials Technology Center Southern Illinois University 1245 Lincoln Drive Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Intergrative Biosciences (Ibio) Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit MI 48202 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskiy Prospekt 14 Moscow 119991 Russia
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14
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Wang Z, Rankine L, Bier EA, Mummy D, Lu J, Church A, Tighe RM, Swaminathan A, Huang YCT, Que LG, Mammarappallil JG, Rajagopal S, Driehuys B. Using hyperpolarized 129Xe gas-exchange MRI to model the regional airspace, membrane, and capillary contributions to diffusing capacity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1398-1409. [PMID: 33734831 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00702.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI has emerged as a novel means to evaluate pulmonary function via 3D mapping of ventilation, interstitial barrier uptake, and RBC transfer. However, the physiological interpretation of these measurements has yet to be firmly established. Here, we propose a model that uses the three components of 129Xe gas-exchange MRI to estimate accessible alveolar volume (VA), membrane conductance, and capillary blood volume contributions to DLCO. 129Xe ventilated volume (VV) was related to VA by a scaling factor kV = 1.47 with 95% confidence interval [1.42, 1.52], relative 129Xe barrier uptake (normalized by the healthy reference value) was used to estimate the membrane-specific conductance coefficient kB = 10.6 [8.6, 13.6] mL/min/mmHg/L, whereas normalized RBC transfer was used to calculate the capillary blood volume-specific conductance coefficient kR = 13.6 [11.4, 16.7] mL/min/mmHg/L. In this way, the barrier and RBC transfer per unit volume determined the transfer coefficient KCO, which was then multiplied by image-estimated VA to obtain DLCO. The model was built on a cohort of 41 healthy subjects and 101 patients with pulmonary disorders. The resulting 129Xe-derived DLCO correlated strongly (R2 = 0.75, P < 0.001) with the measured values, a finding that was preserved within each individual disease cohort. The ability to use 129Xe MRI measures of ventilation, barrier uptake, and RBC transfer to estimate each of the underlying constituents of DLCO clarifies the interpretation of these images while enabling their use to monitor these aspects of gas exchange independently and regionally.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is perhaps one of the most comprehensive physiological measures used in pulmonary medicine. Here, we spatially resolve and estimate its key components-accessible alveolar volume, membrane, and capillary blood volume conductances-using hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI of ventilation, interstitial barrier uptake, and red blood cell transfer. This image-derived DLCO correlates strongly with measured values in 142 subjects with a broad range of pulmonary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Leith Rankine
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Elianna A Bier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David Mummy
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Junlan Lu
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Alex Church
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Aparna Swaminathan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yuh-Chin T Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Loretta G Que
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bastiaan Driehuys
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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15
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Marshall H, Stewart NJ, Chan HF, Rao M, Norquay G, Wild JM. In vivo methods and applications of xenon-129 magnetic resonance. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 122:42-62. [PMID: 33632417 PMCID: PMC7933823 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarised gas lung MRI using xenon-129 can provide detailed 3D images of the ventilated lung airspaces, and can be applied to quantify lung microstructure and detailed aspects of lung function such as gas exchange. It is sensitive to functional and structural changes in early lung disease and can be used in longitudinal studies of disease progression and therapy response. The ability of 129Xe to dissolve into the blood stream and its chemical shift sensitivity to its local environment allow monitoring of gas exchange in the lungs, perfusion of the brain and kidneys, and blood oxygenation. This article reviews the methods and applications of in vivo129Xe MR in humans, with a focus on the physics of polarisation by optical pumping, radiofrequency coil and pulse sequence design, and the in vivo applications of 129Xe MRI and MRS to examine lung ventilation, microstructure and gas exchange, blood oxygenation, and perfusion of the brain and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Marshall
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Neil J Stewart
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ho-Fung Chan
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Madhwesha Rao
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Norquay
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jim M Wild
- POLARIS, Imaging Sciences, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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16
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Collier GJ, Eaden JA, Hughes PJC, Bianchi SM, Stewart NJ, Weatherley ND, Norquay G, Schulte RF, Wild JM. Dissolved
129
Xe lung MRI with four‐echo 3D radial spectroscopic imaging: Quantification of regional gas transfer in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:2622-2633. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem J. Collier
- POLARIS, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom
| | - James A. Eaden
- POLARIS, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom
| | - Paul J. C. Hughes
- POLARIS, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M. Bianchi
- Academic Directorate of Respiratory Medicine Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Sheffield United Kingdom
| | - Neil J. Stewart
- POLARIS, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas D. Weatherley
- POLARIS, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom
| | - Graham Norquay
- POLARIS, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom
| | | | - Jim M. Wild
- POLARIS, Department of Infection Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom
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