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Taub DG, Jiang Q, Pietrafesa F, Su J, Carroll A, Greene C, Blanchard MR, Jain A, El-Rifai M, Callen A, Yager K, Chung C, He Z, Chen C, Woolf CJ. The secondary somatosensory cortex gates mechanical and heat sensitivity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1289. [PMID: 38346995 PMCID: PMC10861531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex is vital for the processing and perception of sensory stimuli. In the somatosensory axis, information is received primarily by two distinct regions, the primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices. Top-down circuits stemming from S1 can modulate mechanical and cooling but not heat stimuli such that circuit inhibition causes blunted perception. This suggests that responsiveness to particular somatosensory stimuli occurs in a modality specific fashion and we sought to determine additional cortical substrates. In this work, we identify in a mouse model that inhibition of S2 output increases mechanical and heat, but not cooling sensitivity, in contrast to S1. Combining 2-photon anatomical reconstruction with chemogenetic inhibition of specific S2 circuits, we discover that S2 projections to the secondary motor cortex (M2) govern mechanical and heat sensitivity without affecting motor performance or anxiety. Taken together, we show that S2 is an essential cortical structure that governs mechanical and heat sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Taub
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiufen Jiang
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca Pietrafesa
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Junfeng Su
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aloe Carroll
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caitlin Greene
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Aakanksha Jain
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mahmoud El-Rifai
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexis Callen
- Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Yager
- Morrissey College of Arts and Sciences, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Clara Chung
- Department of Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhigang He
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chinfei Chen
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Yao D, Chen Y, Chen G. The role of pain modulation pathway and related brain regions in pain. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:899-914. [PMID: 37288945 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pain is a multifaceted process that encompasses unpleasant sensory and emotional experiences. The essence of the pain process is aversion, or perceived negative emotion. Central sensitization plays a significant role in initiating and perpetuating of chronic pain. Melzack proposed the concept of the "pain matrix", in which brain regions associated with pain form an interconnected network, rather than being controlled by a singular brain region. This review aims to investigate distinct brain regions involved in pain and their interconnections. In addition, it also sheds light on the reciprocal connectivity between the ascending and descending pathways that participate in pain modulation. We review the involvement of various brain areas during pain and focus on understanding the connections among them, which can contribute to a better understanding of pain mechanisms and provide opportunities for further research on therapies for improved pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yeru Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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3
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Yoon DE, Lee S, Kim J, Kim K, Park HJ, Napadow V, Lee IS, Chae Y. Graded brain fMRI response to somatic and visual acupuncture stimulation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11269-11278. [PMID: 37804240 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased stimulation can enhance acupuncture clinical response; however, the impact of acupuncture stimulation as "dosage" has rarely been studied. Furthermore, acupuncture can include both somatic and visual components. We assessed both somatic and visual acupuncture dosage effects on sensory ratings and brain response. Twenty-four healthy participants received somatic (needle inserted, manually stimulated) and visual (needle video, no manual stimulation) acupuncture over the leg at three different dosage levels (control, low-dose, and high-dose) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants reported the perceived deqi sensation for each acupuncture dose level. Blood-oxygen-level dependent imaging data were analyzed by general linear model and multivariate pattern analysis. For both somatic and visual acupuncture, reported deqi sensation increased with increased dosage of acupuncture stimulation. Brain fMRI analysis demonstrated that higher dosage of somatic acupuncture produced greater brain responses in sensorimotor processing areas, including anterior and posterior insula and secondary somatosensory cortex. For visual acupuncture, higher dosage of stimulation produced greater brain responses in visual-processing areas, including the middle temporal visual areas (V5/MT+) and occipital cortex. Psychophysical and psychophysiological responses to both somatic and visual acupuncture were graded in response to higher doses. Our findings suggest that acupuncture response may be enhanced by the dosage of needling-specific and nonspecific components, represented by different neural mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Eun Yoon
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoyoung Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jundong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Dermatology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
| | - Kyuseok Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Dermatology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
| | - Vitaly Napadow
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - In-Seon Lee
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
| | - Younbyoung Chae
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
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Wang Q, Tao Y, Sun T, Yuan J, Ao J, Hong X, Jin Z, Zeng F, Lei Y. Comparison of brain functional response to mechanical prickling stimuli to the glabrous and hairy skin. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13446. [PMID: 37753684 PMCID: PMC10460934 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A kind of prickle sensation, which is a composite feeling of pain and itch, can be evoked by mechanical stimulation of fiber ends from fabric surface against to human hairy skin, rather than glabrous skin. Now, a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was conducted to investigate the cognitive differences in the brain for mechanical prickling stimuli to the two types of skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS A nylon filament with the diameter of 205 μm and the length of 8 mm was used to deliver mechanical prickling stimuli respectively to two skin sites, fingertip (glabrous skin) and volar forearm (hairy skin), of eight healthy male subjects. Simultaneously, the technology of fMRI was adopted to acquire BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent) signals of brain functional response of the subjects. RESULTS Somatosensory areas, emotional areas, and the posterior parietal cortex (especially the precuneus) are important brain regions that distinguish between the two conditions. The representation of mechanical prickling stimulation to glabrous skin in the brain favors much more the tactile information of the stimulation and contains no itch, while the key brain area, precuneus, involved in itch was activated by the same mechanical prickling stimulation to hairy skin, and brain response for the condition of hairy skin contains more emotional information, which plays an important role in pain processing. CONCLUSION Therefore, it can be inferred that a kind of stronger prickle sensation, which contains both pain and itch, was evoked by mechanical stimulation to hairy skin than glabrous skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicai Wang
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk)Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Tao
- High Fashion Womenswear InstituteHangzhou Vocational and Technical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jie Yuan
- Clothing Engineering Research Center of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiayu Ao
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk)Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xinghua Hong
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk)Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zimin Jin
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk)Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Fangmeng Zeng
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk)Key Laboratory of Intelligent Textile and Flexible Interconnection of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yutian Lei
- College of Education ScienceQuanzhou Normal UniversityFujianChina
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Jadidi AF, Jensen W, Zarei AA, Lontis ER, Atashzar SF. From pulse width modulated TENS to cortical modulation: based on EEG functional connectivity analysis. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1239068. [PMID: 37600002 PMCID: PMC10433172 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1239068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation in the temporal pattern of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), such as Pulse width modulated (PWM), has been considered a new dimension in pain and neurorehabilitation therapy. Recently, the potentials of PWM TENS have been studied on sensory profiles and corticospinal activity. However, the underlying mechanism of PWM TENS on cortical network which might lead to pain alleviation is not yet investigated. Therefore, we recorded cortical activity using electroencephalography (EEG) from 12 healthy subjects and assessed the alternation of the functional connectivity at the cortex level up to an hour following the PWM TENS and compared that with the effect of conventional TENS. The connectivity between eight brain regions involved in sensory and pain processing was calculated based on phase lag index and spearman correlation. The alteration in segregation and integration of information in the network were investigated using graph theory. The proposed analysis discovered several statistically significant network changes between PWM TENS and conventional TENS, such as increased local strength and efficiency of the network in high gamma-band in primary and secondary somatosensory sources one hour following stimulation. Our findings regarding the long-lasting desired effects of PWM TENS support its potential as a therapeutic intervention in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armita Faghani Jadidi
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Winnie Jensen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Ali Asghar Zarei
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - Eugen Romulus Lontis
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg East, Denmark
| | - S. Farokh Atashzar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- NYU WIRELESS, New York University (NYU), New York, NY, United States
- NYU Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP), New York University (NYU), New York, NY, United States
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Lee SE, Shin H, Kim G, Moon H, Hur JW. Decreased gray matter volume in regions associated with affective pain processing in unmedicated individuals with nonsuicidal self-injury. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115314. [PMID: 37406398 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been consistently associated with a reduced aversion to physical pain. Yet, little research has been done to investigate the brain structures related to pain in individuals with NSSI. This study examined gray matter volume patterns of pain processing regions in participants engaging in NSSI (n = 63) and age-, sex-, and handedness-matched healthy controls (n = 63). Voxel-based morphometry was performed to explore gray matter volume in regions of interest (ROIs) and partial correlation analyses were conducted to identify their associations with the frequency, versatility, duration, functions, and pain intensity of self-injury. As a result, significant volume decreases were found in the right anterior insula, bilateral secondary somatosensory cortex (SII), and left inferior frontal gyrus. Moreover, individuals with smaller anterior insula and SII volume showed a higher likelihood of endorsing affect-regulation and sensation-seeking functions of NSSI, as well as engaging in self-injury with a greater perceived intensity of pain. Our results provide the first empirical evidence that individuals with NSSI may exhibit distinct characteristics in brain regions associated with the affective component of pain processing. These neurobiological changes may be associated with their maladaptive response to noxious and painful NSSI experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Eun Lee
- School of Psychology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyemin Shin
- School of Psychology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyumyoung Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeri Moon
- School of Psychology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Won Hur
- School of Psychology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seoul, South Korea.
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7
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Taub DG, Jiang Q, Pietrafesa F, Su J, Greene C, Blanchard MR, Jain A, El-Rifai M, Callen A, Yager K, Chung C, He Z, Chen C, Woolf CJ. The Secondary Somatosensory Cortex Gates Mechanical and Thermal Sensitivity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.19.541449. [PMID: 37293011 PMCID: PMC10245795 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.19.541449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The cerebral cortex is vital for the perception and processing of sensory stimuli. In the somatosensory axis, information is received by two distinct regions, the primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices. Top-down circuits stemming from S1 can modulate mechanical and cooling but not heat stimuli such that circuit inhibition causes blunted mechanical and cooling perception. Using optogenetics and chemogenetics, we find that in contrast to S1, an inhibition of S2 output increases mechanical and heat, but not cooling sensitivity. Combining 2-photon anatomical reconstruction with chemogenetic inhibition of specific S2 circuits, we discover that S2 projections to the secondary motor cortex (M2) govern mechanical and thermal sensitivity without affecting motor or cognitive function. This suggests that while S2, like S1, encodes specific sensory information, that S2 operates through quite distinct neural substrates to modulate responsiveness to particular somatosensory stimuli and that somatosensory cortical encoding occurs in a largely parallel fashion.
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Bucsea O, Rupawala M, Shiff I, Wang X, Meek J, Fitzgerald M, Fabrizi L, Pillai Riddell R, Jones L. Clinical thresholds in pain-related facial activity linked to differences in cortical network activation in neonates. Pain 2023; 164:1039-1050. [PMID: 36633530 PMCID: PMC10108588 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In neonates, a noxious stimulus elicits pain-related facial expression changes and distinct brain activity as measured by electroencephalography, but past research has revealed an inconsistent relationship between these responses. Facial activity is the most commonly used index of neonatal pain in clinical settings, with clinical thresholds determining if analgesia should be provided; however, we do not know if these thresholds are associated with differences in how the neonatal brain processes a noxious stimulus. The objective of this study was to examine whether subclinical vs clinically significant levels of pain-related facial activity are related to differences in the pattern of nociceptive brain activity in preterm and term neonates. We recorded whole-head electroencephalography and video in 78 neonates (0-14 days postnatal age) after a clinically required heel lance. Using an optimal constellation of Neonatal Facial Coding System actions (brow bulge, eye squeeze, and nasolabial furrow), we compared the serial network engagement (microstates) between neonates with and without clinically significant pain behaviour. Results revealed a sequence of nociceptive cortical network activation that was independent of pain-related behavior; however, a separate but interleaved sequence of early activity was related to the magnitude of the immediate behavioural response. Importantly, the degree of pain-related behavior is related to how the brain processes a stimulus and not simply the degree of cortical activation. This suggests that neonates who exhibit clinically significant pain behaviours process the stimulus differently and that neonatal pain-related behaviours reflect just a portion of the overall cortical pain response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Bucsea
- Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammed Rupawala
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ilana Shiff
- Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Judith Meek
- University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Fabrizi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Pillai Riddell
- Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Wang W, Yuan Z, Zhang X, Bai X, Tang H, Mei Y, Qiu D, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yu X, Sui B, Wang Y. Mapping the aberrant brain functional connectivity in new daily persistent headache: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:46. [PMID: 37098469 PMCID: PMC10131335 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The pathogenesis of new daily persistent headache (NDPH) is not fully understood. We aim to map aberrant functional connectivity (FC) in patients with NDPH using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS Brain structural and functional MRI data were acquired from 29 patients with NDPH and 37 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) in this cross-sectional study. Region of interest (ROI) based analysis was used to compare FC between patients and HCs, with 116 brain regions in the automated anatomical labeling (AAL) atlas were defined as seeds. The correlations between aberrant FC and patients' clinical characteristics, and neuropsychological evaluation were also investigated. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with NDPH showed increased FC in the left inferior occipital gyrus, right thalamus and decreased FC in right lingual gyrus, left superior occipital gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, left inferior occipital gyrus, right inferior occipital gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, right thalamus and right superior temporal gyrus. There were no correlation between FC of these brain regions and clinical characteristics, neuropsychological evaluation after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.05/266). CONCLUSIONS Patients with NDPH showed aberrant FC in multiple brain regions involved in perception and regulation of emotion and pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05334927.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Hefei Tang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yanliang Mei
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Dong Qiu
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yingkui Zhang
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xueying Yu
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Binbin Sui
- Tiantan Neuroimaging Center of Excellence, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
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10
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Zhu H, Zhu H, Liu X, Wei F, Li H, Guo Z. The Characteristics of Entorhinal Cortex Functional Connectivity in Alzheimer's Disease Patients with Depression. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 19:CAR-EPUB-129980. [PMID: 36872356 DOI: 10.2174/1567205020666230303093112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) which decreases the life quality of both patients and caregivers. There are currently no effective drugs. It is therefore important to explore the pathogenesis of depression in AD patients. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the entorhinal cortex (EC) functional connectivity (FC) in the whole brain neural network of AD patients with depression (D-AD). METHODS Twenty-four D-AD patients, 14 AD patients without depression (nD-AD), and 20 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We set the EC as the seed and used FC analysis. One-way analysis of variance was used to examine FC differences among the three groups. RESULTS Using the left EC as the seed point, there were FC differences among the three groups in the left EC-inferior occipital gyrus. Using the right EC as the seed point, there were FC differences among the three groups in the right EC-middle frontal gyrus, -superior parietal gyrus, -superior medial frontal gyrus, and -precentral gyrus. Compared with the nD-AD group, the D-AD group had increased FC between the right EC and right postcentral gyrus. CONCLUSION Asymmetry of FC in the EC and increased FC between the EC and right postcentral gyrus may be important in the pathogenesis of depression in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haokai Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Mental Health Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Xiaozheng Liu
- Department of Radiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, China-USA Neuroimaging Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Fuquan Wei
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Mental Health Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Huichao Li
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Mental Health Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Zhongwei Guo
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Mental Health Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
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11
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Zhang LB, Lu XJ, Huang G, Zhang HJ, Tu YH, Kong YZ, Hu L. Selective and replicable neuroimaging-based indicators of pain discriminability. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100846. [PMID: 36473465 PMCID: PMC9798031 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neural indicators of pain discriminability have far-reaching theoretical and clinical implications but have been largely overlooked previously. Here, to directly identify the neural basis of pain discriminability, we apply signal detection theory to three EEG (Datasets 1-3, total N = 366) and two fMRI (Datasets 4-5, total N = 399) datasets where participants receive transient stimuli of four sensory modalities (pain, touch, audition, and vision) and two intensities (high and low) and report perceptual ratings. Datasets 1 and 4 are used for exploration and others for validation. We find that most pain-evoked EEG and fMRI brain responses robustly encode pain discriminability, which is well replicated in validation datasets. The neural indicators are also pain selective since they cannot track tactile, auditory, or visual discriminability, even though perceptual ratings and sensory discriminability are well matched between modalities. Overall, we provide compelling evidence that pain-evoked brain responses can serve as replicable and selective neural indicators of pain discriminability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Bo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue-Jing Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gan Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hui-Juan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Heng Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-Zhuo Kong
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Li Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,Corresponding author
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12
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Li X, Lou W, Zhang W, Tong RKY, Hu L, Peng W. Ongoing first-hand pain facilitates somatosensory resonance but inhibits affective sharing in empathy for pain. Neuroimage 2022; 263:119599. [PMID: 36049698 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of empathy for others' pain among patients with chronic pain remained inconsistent. Here, applying a capsaicin-based ongoing pain model on healthy participants, this study investigated how ongoing first-hand pain influences empathic reactions to vicarious pain stimuli. Healthy participants were randomly treated with topical capsaicin cream (capsaicin group) or hand cream (control group) on the left forearm. Video clips showing limbs in painful and non-painful situations were used to induce empathic responses. The capsaicin group showed greater empathic neural responses in the right primary somatosensory cortex (S1) than the control group but smaller responses in the left anterior insula (AI) accompanied with smaller empathic pain-intensity ratings. Notably, the intensity of ongoing pain negatively correlated with empathy-related neural responses in the left AI. Inter-subject phase synchronization analysis was used to assess stimulus-dependent dynamic functional connectivity within or between brain regions engaged in pain empathy. The capsaicin group showed greater empathy-related neural synchronization within S1 and between S1 and AI, but less synchronization within AI and between AI and MCC. Behaviorally, the differential inter-subject pain-intensity rating alignment between painful and non-painful videos was more positive for the capsaicin group than for the control group, and this effect was partially mediated by the inter-subject neural synchronization between S1 and AI. These results suggest that ongoing first-hand pain facilitates neural activation and synchronization within brain regions associated with empathy-related somatosensory resonance at the cost of inhibiting activation and synchronization within brain regions engaged in empathy-related affective sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wutao Lou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenyun Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Raymond Kai-Yu Tong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Peng
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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13
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Xu H, Seminowicz DA, Krimmel SR, Zhang M, Gao L, Wang Y. Altered Structural and Functional Connectivity of Salience Network in Patients with Classic Trigeminal Neuralgia. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 23:1389-1399. [PMID: 35381362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Classic trigeminal neuralgia (CTN) is a neuropathic pain disorder displaying spontaneously stabbing or electric shock-like paroxysms in the face. Previous research suggests structural and functional abnormalities in brain regions related to sensory and cognitive-affective dimensions of pain contribute to the pathophysiology of CTN. However, few studies to date have investigated how changes in whole-brain functional networks and white matter connectivity are related to CTN. We performed an independent component analysis to examine abnormalities in resting state functional connectivity of large-scale networks in 48 patients with CTN compared to 46 matched healthy participants. Then, diffusion tensor tractography was performed to test whether these alterations of functional connectivity in intrinsic networks were associated with impairment of the white matter tracts connecting them. Distinct patterns of functional connectivity were detected within default mode network, somatosensory network, and salience network (SN) in the CTN group when compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, abnormality of SN was negatively correlated with pain severity. In support of aberrant functional connectivity within SN, structural disintegration was observed in the white matter tract from left anterior insula (aIns) to left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in CTN. These results suggest that altered structural and functional connectivity between aIns and ACC may underpin the aberrant SN in patients with CTN and provide an alternative target for clinical interventions. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents distinctive abnormalities of functional and structural connectivity from aIns to ACC in the patients with CTN, which is associated with pain ratings. This measure could potentially provide an alternative target for clinicians to alleviate this type of intermittent and refractory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - David A Seminowicz
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland; Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Samuel R Krimmel
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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14
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Pondelis NJ, Moulton EA. Supraspinal Mechanisms Underlying Ocular Pain. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:768649. [PMID: 35211480 PMCID: PMC8862711 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.768649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Supraspinal mechanisms of pain are increasingly understood to underlie neuropathic ocular conditions previously thought to be exclusively peripheral in nature. Isolating individual causes of centralized chronic conditions and differentiating them is critical to understanding the mechanisms underlying neuropathic eye pain and ultimately its treatment. Though few functional imaging studies have focused on the eye as an end-organ for the transduction of noxious stimuli, the brain networks related to pain processing have been extensively studied with functional neuroimaging over the past 20 years. This article will review the supraspinal mechanisms that underlie pain as they relate to the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Pondelis
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric A Moulton
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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15
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Kawamura H, Tsujishita M. Comparison of the effective intensity of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation contralateral to a pain site for analgesia. J Phys Ther Sci 2022; 34:704-709. [PMID: 36213189 PMCID: PMC9535248 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.34.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical
nerve stimulation contralateral to the pain site for analgesia to identify the effective
stimulation intensity. [Participants and Methods] Ten healthy adult females were recruited
for the study. The same heat stimulation was applied to the left wrist joint of each
participant to induce pain, serving as the control. Transcutaneous electrical nerve
stimulation was then randomly administered to the right wrist, corresponding to the same
dermatome contralateral to the painful site, at the intensities of comfortable
stimulation, pain threshold, and maximum pain. The effect of transcutaneous electrical
nerve stimulation was assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale and by analysis of heart rate
variability. [Results] The Visual Analogue Scale score was significantly lower after
stimulation with the maximum pain intensity than that for control, and there were no
significant differences among the intensities of comfortable stimulation, pain threshold,
and maximum pain. No significant differences were found among the groups in terms of high
and low-to-high frequency components. [Conclusion] Transcutaneous electrical nerve
stimulation at the maximum pain intensity to the dermatome area contralateral to that of
the dorsal pain site of the left wrist was considered effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirobumi Kawamura
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women’s University: 6-2-23 Morikita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, Japan
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16
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Paul K, Tik M, Hahn A, Sladky R, Geissberger N, Wirth EM, Kranz GS, Pfabigan DM, Kraus C, Lanzenberger R, Lamm C, Windischberger C. Give me a pain that I am used to: distinct habituation patterns to painful and non-painful stimulation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22929. [PMID: 34824311 PMCID: PMC8617189 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain habituation is associated with a decrease of activation in brain areas related to pain perception. However, little is known about the specificity of these decreases to pain, as habituation has also been described for other responses like spinal reflexes and other sensory responses. Thus, it might be hypothesized that previously reported reductions in activation are not specifically related to pain habituation. For this reason, we performed a 3 T fMRI study using either painful or non-painful electrical stimulation via an electrode attached to the back of the left hand. Contrasting painful vs. non-painful stimulation revealed significant activation clusters in regions well-known to be related to pain processing, such as bilateral anterior and posterior insula, primary/secondary sensory cortices (S1/S2) and anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC). Importantly, our results show distinct habituation patterns for painful (in aMCC) and non-painful (contralateral claustrum) stimulation, while similar habituation for both types of stimulation was identified in bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and contralateral S2. Our findings thus distinguish a general habituation in somatosensory processing (S2) and reduced attention (IFG) from specific pain and non-pain related habituation effects where pain-specific habituation effects within the aMCC highlight a change in affective pain perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Paul
- MR Center of Excellence, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Tik
- MR Center of Excellence, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ronald Sladky
- MR Center of Excellence, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Geissberger
- MR Center of Excellence, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Wirth
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg S Kranz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniela M Pfabigan
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christoph Kraus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claus Lamm
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Windischberger
- MR Center of Excellence, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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17
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Bumgarner JR, Walker WH, Nelson RJ. Circadian rhythms and pain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 129:296-306. [PMID: 34375675 PMCID: PMC8429267 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this review is to provide a perspective on the nature and importance of the relationship between the circadian and pain systems. We provide: 1) An overview of the circadian and pain systems, 2) a review of direct and correlative evidence that demonstrates diurnal and circadian rhythms within the pain system; 3) a perspective highlighting the need to consider the role of a proposed feedback loop of circadian rhythm disruption and maladaptive pain; 4) a perspective on the nature of the relationship between circadian rhythms and pain. In summary, we propose that there is no single locus responsible for producing the circadian rhythms of the pain system. Instead, circadian rhythms of pain are a complex result of the distributed rhythms present throughout the pain system, especially those of the descending pain modulatory system, and the rhythms of the systems with which it interacts, including the opioid, endocrine, and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Bumgarner
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - William H Walker
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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18
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Neumann L, Wulms N, Witte V, Spisak T, Zunhammer M, Bingel U, Schmidt-Wilcke T. Network properties and regional brain morphology of the insular cortex correlate with individual pain thresholds. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:4896-4908. [PMID: 34296487 PMCID: PMC8449096 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain thresholds vary considerably across individuals and are influenced by a number of behavioral, genetic and neurobiological factors. However, the neurobiological underpinnings that account for individual differences remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we used voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) and graph theory, specifically the local clustering coefficient (CC) based on resting‐state connectivity, to identify brain regions, where regional gray matter volume and network properties predicted individual pain thresholds. As a main finding, we identified a cluster in the left posterior insular cortex (IC) reaching into the left parietal operculum, including the secondary somatosensory cortex, where both regional gray matter volume and the local CC correlated with individual pain thresholds. We also performed a resting‐state functional connectivity analysis using the left posterior IC as seed region, demonstrating that connectivity to the pre‐ as well as postcentral gyrus bilaterally; that is, to the motor and primary sensory cortices were correlated with individual pain thresholds. To our knowledge, this is the first study that applied VBM in combination with voxel‐based graph theory in the context of pain thresholds. The co‐location of the VBM and the local CC cluster provide first evidence that both structure and function map to the same brain region while being correlated with the same behavioral measure; that is, pain thresholds. The study highlights the importance of the posterior IC, not only for pain perception in general, but also for the determination of individual pain thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Neumann
- Medizinische Klinik I, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Nephrologie und Dialyse, Osteologie und Rheumatologie, St. Franziskus-Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Niklas Wulms
- Institut für Epidemiologie und Sozialmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Vanessa Witte
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tamas Spisak
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Bingel
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmidt-Wilcke
- Institut für Klinische Neurowissenschaften und Medizinische Psychologie, Heinrich Heine Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Neurologisches Zentrum, Bezirksklinikum Mainkofen, Deggendorf, Germany
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19
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Nrf2 Activation Attenuates Acrylamide-Induced Neuropathy in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115995. [PMID: 34206048 PMCID: PMC8199319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide is a well characterized neurotoxicant known to cause neuropathy and encephalopathy in humans and experimental animals. To investigate the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in acrylamide-induced neuropathy, male C57Bl/6JJcl adult mice were exposed to acrylamide at 0, 200 or 300 ppm in drinking water and co-administered with subcutaneous injections of sulforaphane, a known activator of the Nrf2 signaling pathway at 0 or 25 mg/kg body weight daily for 4 weeks. Assessments for neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress as well as messenger RNA-expression analysis for Nrf2-antioxidant and pro-inflammatory cytokine genes were conducted. Relative to mice exposed only to acrylamide, co-administration of sulforaphane protected against acrylamide-induced neurotoxic effects such as increase in landing foot spread or decrease in density of noradrenergic axons as well as hepatic necrosis and hemorrhage. Moreover, co-administration of sulforaphane enhanced acrylamide-induced mRNA upregulation of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant proteins and suppressed acrylamide-induced mRNA upregulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the cerebral cortex. The results demonstrate that activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway by co-treatment of sulforaphane provides protection against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity through suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf2 remains an important target for the strategic prevention of acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity.
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20
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Turkiewicz J, Bhatt RR, Wang H, Vora P, Krause B, Sauk JS, Jacobs JP, Bernstein CN, Kornelsen J, Labus JS, Gupta A, Mayer EA. Altered brain structural connectivity in patients with longstanding gut inflammation is correlated with psychological symptoms and disease duration. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 30:102613. [PMID: 33823388 PMCID: PMC8050027 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify differences in network properties of white matter microstructure between asymptomatic ulcerative colitis (UC) participants who had a history of chronic gut inflammation, healthy controls (HCs) and a disease control group without gut inflammation (irritable bowel syndrome; IBS). DESIGN Diffusion weighted imaging was conducted in age and sex-matched participants with UC, IBS, and HCs (N = 74 each), together with measures of gastrointestinal and psychological symptom severity. Using streamline connectivity matrices and graph theory, we aimed to quantify group differences in brain network connectivity. Regions showing group connectivity differences were correlated with measures showing group behavioral and clinical differences. RESULTS UC participants exhibited greater centrality in regions of the somatosensory network and default mode network, but lower centrality in the posterior insula and globus pallidus compared to HCs (q < 0.05). Hub analyses revealed compromised hubness of the pallidus in UC and IBS compared to HCs which was replaced by increased hubness of the postcentral sulcus. Surprisingly, few differences in network matrices between UC and IBS were identified. In UC, centrality measures in the secondary somatosensory cortex were associated with depression (q < 0.03), symptom related anxiety (q < 0.04), trait anxiety (q < 0.03), and symptom duration (q < 0.05). CONCLUSION A history of UC is associated with neuroplastic changes in several brain networks, which are associated with symptoms of depression, trait and symptom-related anxiety, as well as symptom duration. When viewed together with the results from IBS subjects, these findings suggest that chronic gut inflammation as well as abdominal pain have a lasting impact on brain network organization, which may play a role in symptoms reported by UC patients, even when gut inflammation has subsided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Turkiewicz
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases at UCLA, United States; University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, United States
| | - Ravi R Bhatt
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School Medcine at USC, University of Southern California, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases at UCLA, United States; Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Priten Vora
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases at UCLA, United States
| | - Beatrix Krause
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States
| | - Jenny S Sauk
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases at UCLA, United States; UCLA Microbiome Center, United States
| | - Jonathan P Jacobs
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases at UCLA, United States; UCLA Microbiome Center, United States; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, United States
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jennifer Kornelsen
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Labus
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases at UCLA, United States; UCLA Microbiome Center, United States
| | - Arpana Gupta
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases at UCLA, United States; UCLA Microbiome Center, United States
| | - Emeran A Mayer
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience at UCLA, United States; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases at UCLA, United States; UCLA Microbiome Center, United States.
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21
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Najafi P, Misery L, Carré JL, Ben Salem D, Dufor O. Itch Matrixes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:636904. [PMID: 33718409 PMCID: PMC7943862 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.636904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Najafi
- Univ Brest, LIEN, Brest, France.,Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurent Misery
- Univ Brest, LIEN, Brest, France.,University Hospital of Brest, Department of Dermatology, Brest, France
| | | | - Douraied Ben Salem
- Univ Brest, LATIM, INSERM UMR, Brest, France.,University Hospital of Brest, Department of Radiology, Brest, France
| | - Olivier Dufor
- Univ Brest, LIEN, Brest, France.,L@bISEN Yncréa Ouest, ISEN, Brest, France
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22
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Mahmutoglu MA, Baumgärtner U, Rupp A. Posterior insular activity contributes to the late laser-evoked potential component in EEG recordings. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:770-781. [PMID: 33571885 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nociceptive activity in some brain areas has concordantly been reported in EEG source models, such as the anterior/mid-cingulate cortex and the parasylvian area. Whereas the posterior insula has been constantly reported to be active in intracortical and fMRI studies, non-invasive EEG and MEG recordings mostly failed to detect activity in this region. This study aimed to determine an appropriate inverse modeling approach in EEG recordings to model posterior insular activity, assuming the late LEP (laser evoked potential) time window to yield a better separation from other ongoing cortical activity. METHODS In 12 healthy volunteers, nociceptive stimuli of three intensities were applied. LEP were recorded using 32-channel EEG recordings. Source analysis was performed in specific time windows defined in the grand-average dataset. Two distinct dipole-pairs located close to the operculo-insular area were compared. RESULTS Our results show that posterior insular activity yields a substantial contribution to the latest part (positive component) of the LEP. CONCLUSIONS Even though the initial insular activity onset is in the early LEP time window,modelingthe insular activity in the late LEP time window might result in better separation from other ongoing cortical activity. SIGNIFICANCE Modeling the late LEP activity might enable to distinguish posterior insular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ahmed Mahmutoglu
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ulf Baumgärtner
- Chair of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Physiology/Physics, University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - André Rupp
- Section of Biomagnetism, Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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23
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Cortical Modulation of Nociception. Neuroscience 2021; 458:256-270. [PMID: 33465410 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nociception is the neuronal process of encoding noxious stimuli and could be modulated at peripheral, spinal, brainstem, and cortical levels. At cortical levels, several areas including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), prefrontal cortex (PFC), ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO), insular cortex (IC), motor cortex (MC), and somatosensory cortices are involved in nociception modulation through two main mechanisms: (i) a descending modulatory effect at spinal level by direct corticospinal projections or mostly by activation of brainstem structures (i.e. periaqueductal grey matter (PAG), locus coeruleus (LC), the nucleus of raphe (RM) and rostroventral medulla (RVM)); and by (ii) cortico-cortical or cortico-subcortical interactions. This review summarizes evidence related to the participation of the aforementioned cortical areas in nociception modulation and different neurotransmitters or neuromodulators that have been studied in each area. Besides, we point out the importance of considering intracortical neuronal populations and receptors expression, as well as, nociception-induced cortical changes, both functional and connectional, to better understand this modulatory effect. Finally, we discuss the possible mechanisms that could potentiate the use of cortical stimulation as a promising procedure in pain alleviation.
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24
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Najafi P, Dufor O, Ben Salem D, Misery L, Carré JL. Itch processing in the brain. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:1058-1066. [PMID: 33145804 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Itch is a sensation defined as the urge to scratch. The central mechanisms of itch are being increasingly studied. These studies are usually based on experimental itch induction methods, which can be classified into the following categories: histamine-induced, induction by other non-histamine chemicals (e.g. cowhage), physically induced (e.g. electrical) and mentally induced (e.g. audio-visual). Because pain has been more extensively studied, some extrapolations to itch can be proposed and verified by experiments. Recent studies suggest that the itch-processing network in the brain could be disrupted in certain diseases. This disruption could be related to the implication of new regions or the exclusion of already engaged brain regions from itch-processing network in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O Dufor
- LIEN, Univ Brest, Brest, France.,LabISEN Yncréa Ouest ISEN, Brest, France
| | - D Ben Salem
- Univ Brest, LaTIM, INSERM, UMR 1101, Brest, France.,University Hospital of Brest, Brest, France
| | - L Misery
- LIEN, Univ Brest, Brest, France.,University Hospital of Brest, Brest, France
| | - J-L Carré
- LIEN, Univ Brest, Brest, France.,University Hospital of Brest, Brest, France
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25
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Pain Perception, Brain Connectivity, and Neurochemistry in Healthy, Capsaicin-Sensitive Subjects. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:9125913. [PMID: 33178262 PMCID: PMC7644335 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9125913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the occupational exposure limits (OELs) are based on local irritants. However, exposure to much lower concentrations of irritant substances can also lead to health complaints from workers. Exposure to irritants is often accompanied by strong unpleasant odors, and strong odors might have distracting effects and hence pose a safety risk. The findings obtained in human exposure studies with chemically sensitive, stressed, or anxious persons suggest that their ability to direct attention away from the odorous exposure and to focus on a cognitive task is reduced. In addition, after repeated odor exposure, these persons show signs of sensitization, i.e., difficulties in ignoring or getting used to the exposure. The question arises as to whether certain health conditions are accompanied by a change in sensitivity to odors and irritants, so that these persons are potentially more distracted by odors and irritants and therefore more challenged in working memory tasks than nonsusceptible persons. In our study, susceptible persons with sensory airway hyperreactivity ("capsaicin-sensitive") respond more strongly to mechanical skin stimuli than controls and show altered network connectivity. Capsaicin-sensitive subjects have a lower pain threshold and thus are more sensitive to mechanical skin stimuli. The intrinsic functional connectivity of their saliency network is higher, and the lower the GABAergic tone of the thalamus, the higher their pain sensitivity to mechanical stimuli. It seems that the increased communication between resting-state networks promotes a stronger perception of the sensory input signal. The results can be used to inform about actual risks (i.e., attention diversion and increased risk of accidents) and "pseudo" risks such as odor perception without a negative impact on one's well-being. This way, uncertainties that still prevail in the health assessment of odorous and sensory irritating chemicals could be reduced.
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26
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Heid C, Mouraux A, Treede RD, Schuh-Hofer S, Rupp A, Baumgärtner U. Early gamma-oscillations as correlate of localized nociceptive processing in primary sensorimotor cortex. J Neurophysiol 2020; 123:1711-1726. [PMID: 32208893 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00444.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies put forward the idea that stimulus-evoked gamma-band oscillations (GBOs; 30-100 Hz) play a specific role in nociception. So far, evidence for the specificity of GBOs for nociception, their possible involvement in nociceptive sensory discriminatory abilities, and knowledge regarding their cortical sources is just starting to grow. To address these questions, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain activity evoked by phasic nociceptive laser stimuli and tactile stimuli applied at different intensities to the right hand and foot of 12 healthy volunteers. The EEG was analyzed in the time domain to extract phase-locked event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and in three regions of interest in the time-frequency domain (delta/theta, 40-Hz gamma, 70-Hz gamma) to extract stimulus-evoked changes in the magnitude of non-phase-locked brain oscillations. Both nociceptive and tactile stimuli, matched with respect to subjective intensity, elicited phase locked ERPs of increasing amplitude with increasing stimulus intensity. In contrast, only nociceptive stimuli elicited a significant enhancement of GBOs (65-85 Hz, 150-230 ms after stimulus onset), whose magnitude encoded stimulus intensity, whereas tactile stimuli led to a GBO decrease. Following nociceptive hand stimulation, the topographical distribution of GBOs was maximal at contralateral electrode C3, whereas maximum activity following foot stimulation was recorded at the midline electrode Cz, compatible with generation of GBOs in the representations of the hand and foot of the primary sensorimotor cortex, respectively. The differential behavior of high-frequency GBOs and low-frequency 40-Hz GBOs is indicating different functional roles and regions in sensory processing.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Gamma-band oscillations show hand-foot somatotopy compatible with generation in primary sensorimotor cortex and are present following nociceptive but not tactile stimulation of the hand and foot in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heid
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Mouraux
- Institute of Neuroscience (IONS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1200, Belgium
| | - R-D Treede
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Schuh-Hofer
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Rupp
- Department of Neurology, Section of Biomagnetism, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - U Baumgärtner
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Medical School Hamburg (MSH), Hamburg, Germany
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Najafi P, Carré JL, Ben Salem D, Brenaut E, Misery L, Dufor O. Central mechanisms of itch: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Neuroradiol 2019; 47:450-457. [PMID: 31809769 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, studying the central mechanism of itch has gained momentum. However, a proper meta-analysis has not been conducted in this domain. In this study, we tried to respond to this need. A systematic search and a meta-analysis were carried out to estimate the central mechanism of itch. The itch matrix comprises the thalamus and the parietal, secondary somatosensory, insular and cingulate cortices. We have shown that the basal ganglia (BG) play an important role in itch reduction. Finally, we explored itch processing in AD patients and observed that the itch matrix in these patients was different. In conclusion, this is the first meta-analysis on the central mechanisms of itch perception and processing. Our study demonstrated that different modalities of itch induction can produce a common pattern of activity in the brain and provided further insights into understanding the underlying nature of itch central perception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Luc Carré
- LIEN, université Brest, 29200 Brest, France; University Hospital of Brest, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Douraied Ben Salem
- LaTIM, Inserm UMR 1101, université Brest, 29200 Brest, France; University Hospital of Brest, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Emilie Brenaut
- LIEN, université Brest, 29200 Brest, France; University Hospital of Brest, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Laurent Misery
- LIEN, université Brest, 29200 Brest, France; University Hospital of Brest, 29200 Brest, France.
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28
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Xiao Q, Zhao X, Bi G, Wu L, Zhang H, Liu R, Zhong J, Wu S, Zeng Y, Cui L, Chen Y, Wu K, Chen Z. Alterations of Regional Homogeneity and Functional Connectivity Following Short-Term Mindfulness Meditation in Healthy Volunteers. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:376. [PMID: 31680921 PMCID: PMC6813410 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness is described as the non-judgmental awareness of experiences in the present moment. The sustained practice of mindfulness may also have beneficial effects on an individual's well-being. For instance, mindfulness meditation is an effective approach for improving emotion regulation. Specifically, the early stage of mindfulness meditation training enhances emotional monitoring systems related to attention regulation and executive function. Reduced activity in the default mode network (DMN) would probably be observed corresponding to the attenuated mind wandering. In the present study, we hypothesized that alterations in functional activity in the frontal-parietal cortex and DMN may be induced by short-term mindfulness meditation. In this study, before and after 8 weeks of weekly Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) training, healthy participants were evaluated using a mindfulness questionnaire and an affect schedule, as well as via resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Sixteen right-handed non-meditators were enrolled. Another 16 demographically matched healthy adults without any meditation experience were recruited as controls. Pre- and post-MBSR assessments were compared. Increased regional homogeneity in the right superior parietal lobule and left postcentral gyrus (PoCG), as well as altered functional connectivity in PoCG-related networks, were observed post-MBSR. The mindfulness questionnaire scores also improved and negative affect was significantly decreased after MBSR. Together with reduced involvement of the posterior brain, our results suggest a tendency toward stronger involvement of the parietal cortex in mindfulness beginners. This study provides novel evidence regarding the optimization of emotional processing with short-term mindfulness meditation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiao
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xingrong Zhao
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guoli Bi
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Image, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Lisha Wu
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Hongjiang Zhang
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Image, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Ruixiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Jingmei Zhong
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Shaoyuan Wu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, China
| | - Liqian Cui
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Kunhua Wu
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Image, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Zhuangfei Chen
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
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29
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Chong CD, Wang L, Wang K, Traub S, Li J. Homotopic region connectivity during concussion recovery: A longitudinal fMRI study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221892. [PMID: 31577811 PMCID: PMC6774501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To (i) investigate alterations in homotopic functional connectivity (hfc) in concussed patients relative to healthy controls (HC) and to (ii) interrogate whether hfc in concussed patients normalized during the recovery process. The relationship between symptom recovery and change in hfc was assessed using post-hoc analyses. METHODS This study included 15 concussed patients (mean age = 39.1, SD = 10.1; sex: 13 females, 2 males) and 15 HC (mean age = 39.1, SD = 11.7; sex: 13 females, 2 males). Hfc patterns were interrogated using resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (rs-MRI) for 29 a priori selected pain-processing regions. Concussed patients underwent imaging at two time-points; at 1-month post-concussion (mean time following concussion: 28 days, SD = 9.5) and again at 5-months post-concussion (mean time following concussion: 121 days, SD = 13). At both time-points, symptoms associated with concussion were assessed using the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT-3). RESULTS Concussed patients had significantly weaker hfc in the following six regions 1-month post-concussion compared to HC: middle cingulate, posterior insula, middle occipital, spinal trigeminal nucleus, precentral and the pulvinar. There were no regions of significantly stronger hfc in concussed patients relative to HC. Longitudinally, patients showed significant symptom recovery 5-months post-concussion and had significant strengthening of hfc patterns in seven homotopic ROIs: middle cingulate, posterior insula, middle occipital, secondary somatosensory area, spinal trigeminal nucleus, precentral, and the pulvinar. Post-hoc analyses indicated a significant negative correlation between somatosensory functional connectivity strengthening and symptom severity. CONCLUSION At 1-month post-concussion, patients had significantly weaker hfc in a number of pain-processing regions relative to HC. However, over a period of 5-months, region-pair connectivity showed significant recovery and normalization. Those patients with more successful symptom recovery at 5-months post-concussion had more functional somatosensory strengthening, suggesting an association between functional strengthening and post-concussion symptom recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lujia Wang
- School of Computing, Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Computing, Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America
| | - Stephen Traub
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States of America
| | - Jing Li
- School of Computing, Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America
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30
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Peyron R, Fauchon C. The posterior insular-opercular cortex: An access to the brain networks of thermosensory and nociceptive processes? Neurosci Lett 2019; 702:34-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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31
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Kim YR, Kim CE, Yoon H, Kim SK, Kim SJ. S1 Employs Feature-Dependent Differential Selectivity of Single Cells and Distributed Patterns of Populations to Encode Mechanosensations. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:132. [PMID: 31024261 PMCID: PMC6460949 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary somatosensory (S1) cortex plays an important role in the perception and discrimination of touch and pain mechanosensations. Conventionally, neurons in the somatosensory system including S1 cortex have been classified into low/high threshold (HT; non-nociceptive/nociceptive) or wide dynamic range (WDR; convergent) neurons by their electrophysiological responses to innocuous brush-stroke and noxious forceps-pinch stimuli. Besides this “noxiousness” (innocuous/noxious) feature, each stimulus also includes other stimulus features: “texture” (brush hairs/forceps-steel arm), “dynamics” (dynamic stroke/static press) and “intensity” (weak/strong). However, it remains unknown how S1 neurons inclusively process such diverse features of brushing and pinch at the single-cell and population levels. Using in vivo two-photon Ca2+ imaging in the layer 2/3 neurons of the mouse S1 cortex, we identified clearly separated response patterns of the S1 neural population with distinct tuning properties of individual cells to texture, dynamics and noxiousness features of cutaneous mechanical stimuli. Among cells other than broadly tuned neurons, the majority of the cells showed a highly selective response to the difference in texture, but low selectivity to the difference in dynamics or noxiousness. Between the two low selectivity features, the difference in dynamics was slightly more specific, yet both could be decoded using the response patterns of neural populations. In addition, more neurons are recruited and stronger Ca2+ responses are evoked as the intensity of forceps-pinch is gradually increased. Our results suggest that S1 neurons encode various features of mechanosensations with feature-dependent differential selectivity of single cells and distributed response patterns of populations. Moreover, we raise a caution about describing neurons by a single stimulus feature ignoring other aspects of the sensory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Rim Kim
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Eop Kim
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Heera Yoon
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Kwang Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Jeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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32
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Was That Painful or Nonpainful? The Sensation and Pain Rating Scale Performs Well in the Experimental Context. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2019; 20:472.e1-472.e12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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33
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Lu PL, Tsai ML, Jaw FS, Yen CT. Distributions of different types of nociceptive neurons in thalamic mediodorsal nuclei of anesthetized rats. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:387-397. [PMID: 30604289 PMCID: PMC10716950 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-00656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) is a critical relay of nociception. This study recorded responses of MD neurons to noxious mechanical and thermal stimuli in isoflurane anesthetized rats. We found the threshold of noxious mechanical stimulation was 141 gw and that of noxious heat stimulation was 46 °C. A significantly higher percentage of noxious inhibitory neurons were found in the medial and central part of the MD, whereas a higher percentage of noxious excitatory neurons were found in the lateral part of the MD and adjacent intralaminar nuclei. The differential distribution of excitatory and inhibitory neurons implies functional differentiation between the medial and lateral part of the MD in nociception processing. Furthermore, by an analysis of the stimulus-response function (SRF), we found 80% of these excitatory neurons had a step-function or hat-shape-like SRF. This suggests that most of the MD neurons may serve as a system to distinguish innocuous versus noxious stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pen-Li Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taibei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Li Tsai
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, National Ilan University, 1, Sec. 1, Shen-Lung Road, I-Lan, 26047, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shan Jaw
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taibei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Tung Yen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taibei, 10617, Taiwan.
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34
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The Pain of Sleep Loss: A Brain Characterization in Humans. J Neurosci 2019; 39:2291-2300. [PMID: 30692228 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2408-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep loss increases the experience of pain. However, the brain mechanisms underlying altered pain processing following sleep deprivation are unknown. Moreover, it remains unclear whether ecologically modest night-to-night changes in sleep, within an individual, confer consequential day-to-day changes in experienced pain. Here, we demonstrate that acute sleep deprivation amplifies pain reactivity within human (male and female) primary somatosensory cortex yet blunts pain reactivity in higher-order valuation and decision-making regions of the striatum and insula cortex. Consistent with this altered neural signature, we further show that sleep deprivation expands the temperature range for classifying a stimulus as painful, specifically through a lowering of pain thresholds. Moreover, the degree of amplified reactivity within somatosensory cortex following sleep deprivation significantly predicts this expansion of experienced pain across individuals. Finally, outside of the laboratory setting, we similarly show that even modest nightly changes in sleep quality (increases and decreases) within an individual determine consequential day-to-day changes in experienced pain (decreases and increases, respectively). Together, these data provide a novel framework underlying the impact of sleep loss on pain and, furthermore, establish that the association between sleep and pain is expressed in a night-to-day, bidirectional relationship within a sample of the general population. More broadly, our findings highlight sleep as a novel therapeutic target for pain management within and outside the clinic, including circumstances where sleep is frequently short yet pain is abundant (e.g., the hospital setting).SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Are you experiencing pain? Did you have a bad night of sleep? This study provides underlying brain and behavioral mechanisms explaining this common co-occurrence. We show that sleep deprivation enhances pain responsivity within the primary sensing regions of the brain's cortex yet blunts activity in other regions that modulate pain processing, the striatum and insula. We further establish that even subtle night-to-night changes in sleep in a sample of the general population predict consequential day-to-day changes in pain (bidirectionally). Considering the societal rise in chronic pain conditions in lock-step with the decline in sleep time through the industrial world, our data support the hypothesis that these two trends may not simply be co-occurring but are significantly interrelated.
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35
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Hansen MS, Becerra L, Dahl JB, Borsook D, Mårtensson J, Christensen A, Nybing JD, Havsteen I, Boesen M, Asghar MS. Brain resting-state connectivity in the development of secondary hyperalgesia in healthy men. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:1119-1139. [PMID: 30631932 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-01819-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Central sensitization is a condition in which there is an abnormal responsiveness to nociceptive stimuli. As such, the process may contribute to the development and maintenance of pain. Factors influencing the propensity for development of central sensitization have been a subject of intense debate and remain elusive. Injury-induced secondary hyperalgesia can be elicited by experimental pain models in humans, and is believed to be a result of central sensitization. Secondary hyperalgesia may thus reflect the individual level of central sensitization. The objective of this study was to investigate possible associations between increasing size of secondary hyperalgesia area and brain connectivity in known resting-state networks. We recruited 121 healthy participants (male, age 22, SD 3.35) who underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Prior to the scan session, areas of secondary hyperalgesia following brief thermal sensitization (3 min. 45 °C heat stimulation) were evaluated in all participants. 115 participants were included in the final analysis. We found a positive correlation (increasing connectivity) with increasing area of secondary hyperalgesia in the sensorimotor- and default mode networks. We also observed a negative correlation (decreasing connectivity) with increasing secondary hyperalgesia area in the sensorimotor-, fronto-parietal-, and default mode networks. Our findings indicate that increasing area of secondary hyperalgesia is associated with increasing and decreasing connectivity in multiple networks, suggesting that differences in the propensity for central sensitization, assessed as secondary hyperalgesia areas, may be expressed as differences in the resting-state central neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Sejer Hansen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 4231, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark.
| | - Lino Becerra
- Invicro, A Konica Minolta Company, 27 Drydock Avenue, 7th Floor West, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Jørgen Berg Dahl
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - David Borsook
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Johan Mårtensson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Box 213, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Christensen
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Janus Damm Nybing
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Inger Havsteen
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Mikael Boesen
- Department of Radiology and the Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Bispebjerg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Sohail Asghar
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, Neurocentre, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jones O, Schindler I, Holle H. Transcranial magnetic stimulation over contralateral primary somatosensory cortex disrupts perception of itch intensity. Exp Dermatol 2018; 28:1380-1384. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Jones
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Hull Hull UK
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37
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Kropf E, Syan SK, Minuzzi L, Frey BN. From anatomy to function: the role of the somatosensory cortex in emotional regulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 41:261-269. [PMID: 30540029 PMCID: PMC6794131 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since the pioneering work of Penfield and his colleagues in the 1930s, the somatosensory cortex, which is located on the postcentral gyrus, has been known for its central role in processing sensory information from various parts of the body. More recently, a converging body of literature has shown that the somatosensory cortex also plays an important role in each stage of emotional processing, including identification of emotional significance in a stimulus, generation of emotional states, and regulation of emotion. Importantly, studies conducted in individuals suffering from mental disorders associated with abnormal emotional regulation, such as major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and panic disorders, specific phobia, obesity, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, have found structural and functional changes in the somatosensory cortex. Common observations in the somatosensory cortices of individuals with mood disorders include alterations in gray matter volume, cortical thickness, abnormal functional connectivity with other brain regions, and changes in metabolic rates. These findings support the hypothesis that the somatosensory cortex may be a treatment target for certain mental disorders. In this review, we discuss the anatomy, connectivity, and functions of the somatosensory cortex, with a focus on its role in emotional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Kropf
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sabrina K Syan
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Canada
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38
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Peng K, Yücel MA, Steele SC, Bittner EA, Aasted CM, Hoeft MA, Lee A, George EE, Boas DA, Becerra L, Borsook D. Morphine Attenuates fNIRS Signal Associated With Painful Stimuli in the Medial Frontopolar Cortex (medial BA 10). Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:394. [PMID: 30349466 PMCID: PMC6186992 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive optical imaging method that provides continuous measure of cortical brain functions. One application has been its use in the evaluation of pain. Previous studies have delineated a deoxygenation process associated with pain in the medial anterior prefrontal region, more specifically, the medial Brodmann Area 10 (BA 10). Such response to painful stimuli has been consistently observed in awake, sedated and anesthetized patients. In this study, we administered oral morphine (15 mg) or placebo to 14 healthy male volunteers with no history of pain or opioid abuse in a crossover double blind design, and performed fNIRS scans prior to and after the administration to assess the effect of morphine on the medial BA 10 pain signal. Morphine is the gold standard for inhibiting nociceptive processing, most well described for brain effects on sensory and emotional regions including the insula, the somatosensory cortex (the primary somatosensory cortex, S1, and the secondary somatosensory cortex, S2), and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Our results showed an attenuation effect of morphine on the fNIRS-measured pain signal in the medial BA 10, as well as in the contralateral S1 (although observed in a smaller number of subjects). Notably, the extent of signal attenuation corresponded with the temporal profile of the reported plasma concentration for the drug. No clear attenuation by morphine on the medial BA 10 response to innocuous stimuli was observed. These results provide further evidence for the role of medial BA 10 in the processing of pain, and also suggest that fNIRS may be used as an objective measure of drug-brain profiles independent of subjective reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Meryem A. Yücel
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah C. Steele
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Edward A. Bittner
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christopher M. Aasted
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark A. Hoeft
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arielle Lee
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Edward E. George
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David A. Boas
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lino Becerra
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Borsook
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Pan ZM, Li HJ, Bao J, Jiang N, Yuan Q, Freeberg S, Zhu PW, Ye L, Ma MY, Huang X, Shao Y. Altered intrinsic brain activities in patients with acute eye pain using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation: a resting-state fMRI study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:251-257. [PMID: 29386898 PMCID: PMC5767092 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s150051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many previous studies have reported that pain symptoms can lead to significant brain function and anatomical changes, whereas the intrinsic brain activity changes in acute eye pain (EP) patients remain unknown. Using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method, this study aimed to evaluate the spontaneous brain activity alterations and their relationships with clinical features in acute EP patients. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A total of 20 patients with EP (15 males and 5 females) and 20 healthy controls (HCs; 15 males and 5 females) closely matched in age, sex, and education underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. The ALFF method was applied to assess spontaneous brain activity changes. The ALFF values of the EP patients were distinguished from those of the HCs using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationships between the mean ALFF signal values from many brain regions and the clinical features in EP patients. RESULTS Compared with the HCs, acute EP patients had significantly lower ALFF in the left and right precentral/postcentral gyrus and left precuneus. In contrast, acute EP patients showed higher ALFF values in the right and left parahippocampal gyri and left caudate. However, no relationship was observed between the mean ALFF signal values from the different areas and clinical manifestations in the acute EP patients. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that acute EP patients showed abnormal intrinsic brain activities in the precentral/postcentral gyrus and limbic system, which might provide useful information for explaining neural mechanisms in EP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ming Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Bao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shelby Freeberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pei-Wen Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yang Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
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40
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Abstract
Pain is a complex neural function involving cognition, sensory, emotion, and memory. Imaging studies have shown that multiple brain regions are actively engaged in the processing of pain. However, roles of each brain regions and their contribution to pain are still largely unknown. Recent studies with electrophysiology especially high-density electroencephalogram (EEG) or multichannel recordings techniques have provided more insights into the dynamics of pain signature. The accumulations of the evidence could facilitate our understanding of pain and provide potential methods for objective pain evaluation and treatment of chronic pain.
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41
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How do morphological alterations caused by chronic pain distribute across the brain? A meta-analytic co-alteration study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 18:15-30. [PMID: 30023166 PMCID: PMC5987668 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
•In chronic pain, gray matter (GM) alterations are not distributed randomly across the brain.•The pattern of co-alterations resembles that of brain connectivity.•The alterations' distribution partly rely on the pathways of functional connectivity.•This method allows us to identify tendencies in the distribution of GM co-alteration related to chronic pain.
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42
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Kawamura H, Nishigami T, Yamamoto A, Tsujishita M, Ito K, Ohya N, Takagi M. Comparison of the pain-relieving effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation applied at the same dermatome levels as the site of pain in the wrist joint. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:1996-1999. [PMID: 29200643 PMCID: PMC5702833 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to develop a proposal for an effective
interventional option for therapeutic stimulation sites by comparing the pain-relieving
effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied to the same dermatome
level of the contralateral sites of the dorsal wrist joint with the pain or the neck, or
both sites simultaneously. [Subjects and Methods] A control was first established by
triggering pain in the left dorsal wrist joints of adult females by using heat
stimulation. Three interventions were then performed, comprising the TENS to the
contralateral wrist joint (CW) and to the neck (N) at the same dermatome level as the site
of pain, and the TENS to both CW and N simultaneously (CWN). Levels of pain and cerebral
blood flow were also measured. [Results] The pain levels of three interventions were found
to be significantly decreased compared with the control; however, no significant
differences in the levels of pain were seen between any combinations of three
interventions. Furthermore, no significant differences were seen between any interventions
in terms of cerebral blood flow. [Conclusion] The results suggest that in order for TENS
to be effective, it is necessary to make effective use of the dermatome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirobumi Kawamura
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University: 6-2-23 Morikita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Nishigami
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University: 6-2-23 Morikita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, Japan
| | - Ayako Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University: 6-2-23 Morikita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, Japan
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Brain activity for tactile allodynia: a longitudinal awake rat functional magnetic resonance imaging study tracking emergence of neuropathic pain. Pain 2017; 158:488-497. [PMID: 28135213 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tactile allodynia, a condition in which innocuous mechanical stimuli are perceived as painful, is a common feature of chronic pain. However, how the brain reorganizes in relation to the emergence of tactile allodynia is still largely unknown. This may stem from the fact that experiments in humans are cross-sectional in nature, whereas animal brain imaging studies typically require anaesthesia rendering the brain incapable of consciously sensing or responding to pain. In this longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study in awake rats, we tracked brain activity with the development of tactile allodynia. Before injury, innocuous air-puff stimuli evoked a distributed sensory network of activations, including contralateral somatosensory cortices, thalamus, insula, and cingulate cortex. Moreover, the primary somatosensory cortex displayed a graded response tracking air-puff stimulus intensities. After neuropathic injury, and for stimuli in which the intensity exceeded the paw withdrawal threshold (evoking tactile allodynia), the blood oxygenation level-dependent response in the primary somatosensory cortex was equivalent to that evoked by the identical stimulus before injury. In contrast, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal brain areas displayed abnormal activity to normally innocuous stimuli when such stimuli induced tactile allodynia at 28 days after peripheral nerve injury, which had not been the case at 5 days after injury. Our data indicate that tactile allodynia-related nociceptive inputs are not observable in the primary somatosensory cortex BOLD response. Instead, our data suggest that, in time, tactile allodynia differentially engages neural circuits that regulate the affective and motivational components of pain.
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44
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Li X, Zhao Z, Ma J, Cui S, Yi M, Guo H, Wan Y. Extracting Neural Oscillation Signatures of Laser-Induced Nociception in Pain-Related Regions in Rats. Front Neural Circuits 2017; 11:71. [PMID: 29062273 PMCID: PMC5640783 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2017.00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that multiple brain regions are involved in pain perception and pain-related neural processes by forming a functionally connected pain network. It is still unclear how these pain-related brain areas actively work together to generate the experience of pain. To get a better insight into the pain network, we implanted electrodes in four pain-related areas of rats including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and periaqueductal gray (PAG). We analyzed the pattern of local field potential (LFP) oscillations under noxious laser stimulations and innoxious laser stimulations. A high-dimensional feature matrix was built based on the LFP characters for both experimental conditions. Generalized linear models (GLMs) were trained to classify recorded LFPs under noxious vs. innoxious condition. We found a general power decrease in α and β bands and power increase in γ band in the recorded areas under noxious condition. After noxious laser stimulation, there was a consistent change in LFP power and correlation in all four brain areas among all 13 rats. With GLM classifiers, noxious laser trials were distinguished from innoxious laser trials with high accuracy (86%) using high-dimensional LFP features. This work provides a basis for further research to examine which aspects (e.g., sensory, motor or affective processes) of noxious stimulation should drive distinct neural activity across the pain network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhu Li
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zifang Zhao
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Cui
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huailian Guo
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - You Wan
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
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45
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Fouasson-Chailloux A, Abraham P, Colas-Ribas C, Feuilloy M, Vielle B, Henni S. Simultaneous pain intensity rating and quantification of ischemia throughout exercise and recovery in proximal versus distal arterial claudication. Vasc Med 2017; 22:490-497. [DOI: 10.1177/1358863x17734304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Data on simultaneous hemodynamic changes and pain rating estimation in arterial claudication while walking are lacking. This study was conducted to determine if a difference in transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tc pO2) exists between proximal and distal localization at pain appearance (PAINapp), maximal pain (PAINmax) and pain relief (PAINrel) in proximal or distal claudication and if a relationship exists between tc pO2 changes and pain intensity. We analyzed the pain rating (Visual Analog Scale (VAS)) to lower limb ischemia, measured with the decrease from rest of oxygen pressure (DROP) tc pO2 index during constant-load treadmill tests in patients with calf ( n = 41) or buttock ( n = 19) claudication. Calves versus buttocks results were analyzed with ANOVA tests. The R2 correlation coefficient between individual VAS versus DROP was calculated. Ischemia intensity versus pain rating changes were correlated. Significant ischemia was required for pain appearance, but pain disappeared despite the persistence of ischemia. We observed no statistical difference for DROP at PAINapp, PAINmax or PAINrel between proximal or distal claudication. A significant correlation between pain rating versus DROP was found: from PAINapp to PAINmax, R2 = 0.750 (calves) and 0.829 (buttocks), and from PAINmax to PAINrel, R2 = 0.608 (calves) and 0.560 (buttocks); p<0.05. Pain appeared after a significant decrease of hemodynamic parameters but disappeared while parameters were not normalized. No difference in pain rating was found in proximal versus distal claudication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alban Fouasson-Chailloux
- Vascular and Exercise Investigations, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Centre, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
- INSERM UMR 1229-RMES (Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton), Team STEP (Skeletal Physiopathology and Joint Regenerative Medicine), Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Pierre Abraham
- Vascular and Exercise Investigations, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
- MitoVasc, INSERM 1083 – CNRS 6214, LUNAM University, Angers, France
| | | | - Mathieu Feuilloy
- Graduate School of Engineering, Angers – Laboratoire d’Acoustique de l’Université du Maine – Unité Mixte de Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique U6613, Angers, France
| | - Bruno Vielle
- Cellule de Méthodologie et Biostatistiques, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Samir Henni
- Vascular and Exercise Investigations, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
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46
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Youssef AM, Ludwick A, Wilcox SL, Lebel A, Peng K, Colon E, Danehy A, Burstein R, Becerra L, Borsook D. In child and adult migraineurs the somatosensory cortex stands out … again: An arterial spin labeling investigation. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:4078-4087. [PMID: 28560777 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, human brain imaging investigations have reported altered regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the interictal phase of migraine. However, there have been conflicting findings across different investigations, making the use of perfusion imaging in migraine pathophysiology more difficult to define. These inconsistencies may reflect technical constraints with traditional perfusion imaging methods such as single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography. Comparatively, pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) is a recently developed magnetic resonance imaging technique that is noninvasive and offers superior spatial resolution and increased sensitivity. Using pCASL, we have previously shown increased rCBF within the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in adult migraineurs, where blood flow was positively associated with migraine frequency. Whether these observations are present in pediatric and young adult populations remains unknown. This is an important question given the age-related variants of migraine prevalence, symptomology, and treatments. In this investigation, we used pCASL to quantitatively compare and contrast blood flow within S1 in pediatric and young adult migraineurs as compared with healthy controls. In migraine patients, we found significant resting rCBF increases within bilateral S1 as compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, within the right S1, we report a positive correlation between blood flow value with migraine attack frequency and cutaneous allodynia symptom profile. Our results reveal that pediatric and young adult migraineurs exhibit analogous rCBF changes with adult migraineurs, further supporting the possibility that these alterations within S1 are a consequence of repeated migraine attacks. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4078-4087, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Youssef
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allison Ludwick
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sophie L Wilcox
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alyssa Lebel
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ke Peng
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elisabeth Colon
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amy Danehy
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rami Burstein
- Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lino Becerra
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Borsook
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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47
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Case LK, Laubacher CM, Richards EA, Spagnolo PA, Olausson H, Bushnell MC. Inhibitory rTMS of secondary somatosensory cortex reduces intensity but not pleasantness of gentle touch. Neurosci Lett 2017; 653:84-91. [PMID: 28529174 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that the discriminative and affective aspects of touch are processed differently in the brain. Primary somatosensory cortex is strongly implicated in touch discrimination, whereas insular and prefronal regions have been associated with pleasantness aspects of touch. However, the role of secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) is less clear. In the current study we used inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to temporarily deactivate S2 and probe its role in touch perception. Nineteen healthy adults received two sessions of 1-Hz rTMS on separate days, one targeting right S2 and the other targeting the vertex (control). Before and after rTMS, subjects rated the intensity and pleasantness of slow and fast gentle brushing of the hand and performed a 2-point tactile discrimination task, followed by fMRI during additional brushing. rTMS to S2 (but not vertex) decreased intensity ratings of fast brushing, without altering touch pleasantness or spatial discrimination. MRI showed a reduced response to brushing in S2 (but not in S1 or insula) after S2 rTMS. Together, our results show that reducing touch-evoked activity in S2 decreases perceived touch intensity, suggesting a causal role of S2 in touch intensity perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Case
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Claire M Laubacher
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emily A Richards
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P A Spagnolo
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Håkan Olausson
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - M Catherine Bushnell
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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48
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Wu R, Wang F, Yang PF, Chen LM. High-resolution functional MRI identified distinct global intrinsic functional networks of nociceptive posterior insula and S2 regions in squirrel monkey brain. Neuroimage 2017; 155:147-158. [PMID: 28461059 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous functional imaging and electrophysiological studies in humans and animals indicate that the two contiguous areas of secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) and posterior insula (pIns) are core regions in nociceptive processing and pain perception. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the S2-pIns connection serves as a hub for connecting distinct sensory and affective nociceptive processing networks in the squirrel monkey brain. At 9.4T, we first mapped the brain regions that respond to nociceptive heat stimuli with high-resolution fMRI, and then used seed-based resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) analysis to delineate and refine the global intrinsic functional connectivity circuits of the proximal S2 and pIns regions. In each subject, nociceptive (47.5°C) heat-evoked fMRI activations were detected in many brain regions, including primary somatosensory (S1), S2, pIns, area 7b, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), primary motor cortex, prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, thalamus, and caudate. Using the heat-evoked fMRI activation foci in S2 and pIns as the seeds, voxel-wise whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) analysis revealed strong functional connections between contralateral S2 and pIns, as well as their corresponding regions in the ipsilateral hemisphere. Spatial similarity and overlap analysis identified each region as part of two distinct intrinsic functional networks with 7% overlap: sensory S2-S1-area 7b and affective pIns-ACC-PCC networks. Moreover, a high degree of overlap was observed between the combined rsFC maps of nociceptive S2 and pIns regions and the nociceptive heat-evoked activation map. In summary, our study provides evidence for the existence of two distinct intrinsic functional networks for S2 and pIns nociceptive regions, and these two networks are joined via the S2-pIns connection. Brain regions that are involved in processing nociceptive inputs are also highly interconnected at rest. The presence of robust and distinct S1-S2-area 7b and pIns-ACC-PCC rsFC networks under anesthesia underscores their fundamental roles in processing nociceptive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Wu
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Pai-Feng Yang
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Li Min Chen
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States; Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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49
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Orenius TI, Raij TT, Nuortimo A, Näätänen P, Lipsanen J, Karlsson H. The interaction of emotion and pain in the insula and secondary somatosensory cortex. Neuroscience 2017; 349:185-194. [PMID: 28259800 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pain is processed in a large neural network that partially overlaps structures involved in emotion processing. Despite the fact that pain and emotion are known to share neural regions and interact in numerous clinical conditions, relatively little is known about the interaction of pain and emotion at the neural level. This study on healthy adults aimed to investigate the interaction between negative and positive emotional stimuli and experimental pain in an essential pain processing network. Sixteen healthy young adult subjects were exposed to pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) with negative, neutral or positive valence, along with laser pain stimuli. The stimuli were pseudo-randomly arranged in three 15-min experiment series comprising 49 stimuli each (picture, laser or simultaneous picture and laser stimuli). The whole-brain blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal was acquired using 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). As expected, the pain stimulus elicited activation in the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII), insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) when compared to the baseline. The interaction of negative emotion and laser stimuli related to the activation of the left SII. The interaction of positive emotion and pain stimuli led to bilateral activation of the SII and left insula. These findings reveal interaction in parts of the pain processing network during simultaneous emotion and physical pain. We demonstrated a valence-independent interaction of emotion and pain in SII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tage I Orenius
- ORTON Orthopaedic Hospital Ltd., ORTON Foundation, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tuukka T Raij
- Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland; Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Antti Nuortimo
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | - Jari Lipsanen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- Department of Psychiatry and Turku Brain and Mind Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.
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50
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Abstract
Initially considered as mere side effects of antipsychotic medication, there is now evidence that motor and somatosensory disturbances precede the onset of the illness and can be found in drug-naive patients. However, research on the topic is scarce. Here, we were interested in assessing the accuracy of the neural signal in detecting parametric variations of force linked to a voluntary motor act and a received tactile sensation, either self-generated or externally generated. Patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while asked to press, or abstain from pressing, a lever in order to match a visual target force. Forces, exerted and received, varied on 10 levels from 0.5 N to 5 N in 0.5 N increments. Healthy participants revealed a positive correlation between force and activity in contralateral primary somatosensory area (S1) when performing a movement as well as when receiving a tactile sensation but only when this was externally, and not self-, generated. Patients showed evidence of altered force signaling in both motor and tactile conditions, as well as increased correlation with force when tactile sensation was self-generated. Findings are interpreted in line with accounts of predictive and sensory integration mechanisms and point toward alterations in the encoding of parametric forces in the motor and somatosensory domain in patients affected by schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martinelli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Rigoli
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sukhwinder S. Shergill
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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