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Rotoli D, Díaz-Flores L, Gutiérrez R, Morales M, Ávila J, Martín-Vasallo P. AmotL2, IQGAP1, and FKBP51 Scaffold Proteins in Glioblastoma Stem Cell Niches. J Histochem Cytochem 2022; 70:9-16. [PMID: 34165350 PMCID: PMC8721575 DOI: 10.1369/00221554211025480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSCs) live in a continuous process of stemness reprogramming to achieve specific cell commitment within the so-called GSC niches, specifically located in periarteriolar regions. In this review, we analyze the expression levels, cellular and subcellular location, and role of three scaffold proteins (IQGAP1, FKBP51, and AmotL2) in GSC niches. Scaffold proteins contribute to cell differentiation, migration, and angiogenesis in glioblastoma. It could be of diagnostic interest for establishing stages, for therapeutic targets, and for improving glioblastoma prognosis, which is still at the experimental level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Rotoli
- Department of Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain,Instituto de Tecnología Biomédicas de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain,Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Gaetano Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Díaz-Flores
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ricardo Gutiérrez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Anatomy, Pathology, Histology and Radiology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales
- Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Julio Ávila
- Department of Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain,Instituto de Tecnología Biomédicas de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- Pablo Martín-Vasallo, UD Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de La Laguna, Av/Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. E-mail:
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2
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Rosario FJ, Pardo S, Michelsen TM, Erickson K, Moore L, Powell TL, Weintraub ST, Jansson T. Characterization of the Primary Human Trophoblast Cell Secretome Using Stable Isotope Labeling With Amino Acids in Cell Culture. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:704781. [PMID: 34595166 PMCID: PMC8476785 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.704781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The placental villus syncytiotrophoblast, the nutrient-transporting and hormone-producing epithelium of the human placenta, is a critical regulator of fetal development and maternal physiology. However, the identities of the proteins synthesized and secreted by primary human trophoblast (PHT) cells remain unknown. Stable Isotope Labeling with Amino Acids in Cell Culture followed by mass spectrometry analysis of the conditioned media was used to identify secreted proteins and obtain information about their relative rates of synthesis in syncytialized multinucleated PHT cells isolated from normal term placental villus tissue (n = 4/independent placenta). A total of 1,344 proteins were identified, most of which have not previously been reported to be secreted by the human placenta or trophoblast. The majority of secreted proteins are involved in energy and carbon metabolism, glycolysis, biosynthesis of amino acids, purine metabolism, and fatty acid degradation. Histone family proteins and mitochondrial proteins were among proteins with the slowest synthesis rate whereas proteins associated with signaling and the plasma membrane were synthesized rapidly. There was a significant overlap between the PHT secretome and proteins known be secreted to the fetal circulation by the human placenta in vivo. The generated data will guide future experiments to determine the function of individual secreted proteins and will help us better understand how the placenta controls maternal and fetal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick J Rosario
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of OB/GYN, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sammy Pardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Trond M Michelsen
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kathryn Erickson
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of OB/GYN, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Lorna Moore
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of OB/GYN, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Theresa L Powell
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of OB/GYN, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Susan T Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of OB/GYN, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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3
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Farrell A, Alahari S, Ermini L, Tagliaferro A, Litvack M, Post M, Caniggia I. Faulty oxygen sensing disrupts angiomotin function in trophoblast cell migration and predisposes to preeclampsia. JCI Insight 2019; 4:127009. [PMID: 30996134 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human placenta development and a successful pregnancy is incumbent upon precise oxygen-dependent control of trophoblast migration/invasion. Persistent low oxygen leading to failed trophoblast invasion promotes inadequate spiral artery remodeling, a characteristic of preeclampsia. Angiomotin (AMOT) is a multifaceted scaffolding protein involved in cell polarity and migration, yet its upstream regulation and significance in the human placenta remain unknown. Herein, we show that AMOT is primarily expressed in migratory extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) of the intermediate and distal anchoring column. Its expression increases after 10 weeks of gestation when oxygen tension rises and EVT migration/invasion peaks. Time-lapse imaging confirmed that the AMOT 80-kDa isoform promotes migration of trophoblastic JEG3 and HTR-8/SVneo cells. In preeclampsia, however, AMOT expression is decreased and its localization to migratory fetomaternal interface EVTs is disrupted. We demonstrate that Jumonji C domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6), an oxygen sensor, positively regulates AMOT via oxygen-dependent lysyl hydroxylation. Furthermore, in vitro and ex vivo studies show that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) regulates AMOT expression, its interaction with polarity protein PAR6, and its subcellular redistribution from tight junctions to cytoskeleton. Our data reveal an oxygen- and TGF-β-driven migratory function for AMOT in the human placenta, and implicate its deficiency in impaired trophoblast migration that plagues preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby Farrell
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, and
| | - Sruthi Alahari
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonardo Ermini
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Tagliaferro
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Litvack
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Post
- Institute of Medical Sciences, and.,Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabella Caniggia
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, and.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Wiedemann I, Krebs T, Momberg N, Knorr C, Tetens J. mRNA expression profiling in cotyledons reveals significant up-regulation of the two bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein genes boPAG-8 and boPAG-11 in early gestation. Vet Med Sci 2018; 4:341-350. [PMID: 30265452 PMCID: PMC6236128 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The multigene family of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) belongs to a group of aspartic proteases that are exclusively expressed by trophoblast cells in the placenta of even-toed ungulates. In Bovidae, 22 different PAG genes (boPAGs) with a wide range of temporal and spatial expression- and glycosylation patterns have been reported to date. In this study we describe the mRNA expression patterns using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) for selected modern (boPAG-1, -9, -21) and ancient bovine PAGs (boPAG-2, -8, -10, -11, -12) in cotyledonary tissue. The highest mean expression was detected in boPAG-8 and lowest in boPAG-10 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, boPAG-8 and -11 were significantly greater expressed in early gestation compared with later pregnancy stages. The characterization of boPAG mRNA-expression levels gives important insights for further protein analyses which will be valuable information for the development of new pregnancy detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Wiedemann
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tony Krebs
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Niklas Momberg
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Knorr
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jens Tetens
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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5
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Mojallal M, Zheng Y, Hultin S, Audebert S, van Harn T, Johnsson P, Lenander C, Fritz N, Mieth C, Corcoran M, Lembo F, Hallström M, Hartman J, Mazure NM, Weide T, Grandér D, Borg JP, Uhlén P, Holmgren L. AmotL2 disrupts apical-basal cell polarity and promotes tumour invasion. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4557. [PMID: 25080976 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment and maintenance of apical-basal cell polarity is essential for the functionality of glandular epithelia. Cell polarity is often lost in advanced tumours correlating with acquisition of invasive and malignant properties. Despite extensive knowledge regarding the formation and maintenance of polarity, the mechanisms that deregulate polarity in metastasizing cells remain to be fully characterized. Here we show that AmotL2 expression correlates with loss of tissue architecture in tumours from human breast and colon cancer patients. We further show that hypoxic stress results in activation of c-Fos-dependent expression of AmotL2 leading to loss of polarity. c-Fos/hypoxia-induced p60 AmotL2 interacts with the Crb3 and Par3 polarity complexes retaining them in large vesicles and preventing them from reaching the apical membrane. The resulting loss of polarity potentiates the response to invasive cues in vitro and in vivo in mice. These data provide a molecular mechanism how hypoxic stress deregulates cell polarity during tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mojallal
- 1] Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden [2]
| | - Yujuan Zheng
- 1] Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden [2]
| | - Sara Hultin
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stéphane Audebert
- 1] Inserm U1068, CRCM, 13009 Marseille, France [2] CNRS UMR7258, CRCM, 13009 Marseille, France [3] Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France [4] Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Tanja van Harn
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Johnsson
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claes Lenander
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Fritz
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christin Mieth
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Corcoran
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frédérique Lembo
- 1] Inserm U1068, CRCM, 13009 Marseille, France [2] CNRS UMR7258, CRCM, 13009 Marseille, France [3] Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France [4] Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Marja Hallström
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nathalie M Mazure
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice (IRCAN), UMR CNRS 7284-INSERM U1081-UNS, Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, 33 avenue Valombrose, 06189 Nice cedex 2, France
| | - Thomas Weide
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Division of Molecular Nephrology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A14 D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Dan Grandér
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Paul Borg
- 1] Inserm U1068, CRCM, 13009 Marseille, France [2] CNRS UMR7258, CRCM, 13009 Marseille, France [3] Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France [4] Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Per Uhlén
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Holmgren
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Doridot L, Houry D, Gaillard H, Chelbi ST, Barbaux S, Vaiman D. miR-34a expression, epigenetic regulation, and function in human placental diseases. Epigenetics 2013; 9:142-51. [PMID: 24081307 DOI: 10.4161/epi.26196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is the major pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorder responsible for maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality that can be associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). PE and IUGR are thought to be due to a placental defect, occurring early during pregnancy. Several placental microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be deregulated in the context of placental diseases and could thus play a role in the pathophysiology of PE. Here, we show that pri-miR-34a is overexpressed in preeclamptic placentas and that its placental expression is much higher during the first trimester of pregnancy than at term, suggesting a possible developmental role. We explored pri-miR-34a regulation and showed that P53, a known activator of miR-34a, is reduced in all pathological placentas and that hypoxia can induce pri-miR-34a expression in JEG-3 cells. We also studied the methylation status of the miR-34a promoter and revealed hypomethylation in all preeclamptic placentas (associated or not with IUGR), whereas hypoxia induced a hypermethylation in JEG-3 cells at 72 h. Despite the overexpression of pri-miR-34a in preeclampsia, there was a striking decrease of the mature miR-34a in this condition, suggesting preeclampsia-driven alteration of pri-miR-34a maturation. SERPINA3, a protease inhibitor involved in placental diseases, is elevated in IUGR and PE. We show here that miR-34a overexpression in JEG-3 downregulates SERPINA3. The low level of mature miR-34a could thus be an important mechanism contributing to SERPINA3 upregulation in placental diseases. Overall, our results support a role for miR-34a in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, through deregulation of the pri-miRNA expression and its altered maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Doridot
- INSERM U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris, France; CNRS UMRS 8104; Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| | - Dorothée Houry
- INSERM U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris, France; CNRS UMRS 8104; Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| | - Harald Gaillard
- INSERM U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris, France; CNRS UMRS 8104; Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| | - Sonia T Chelbi
- INSERM U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris, France; CNRS UMRS 8104; Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Barbaux
- INSERM U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris, France; CNRS UMRS 8104; Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- INSERM U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris, France; CNRS UMRS 8104; Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
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7
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Barbaux S, Gascoin-Lachambre G, Buffat C, Monnier P, Mondon F, Tonanny MB, Pinard A, Auer J, Bessières B, Barlier A, Jacques S, Simeoni U, Dandolo L, Letourneur F, Jammes H, Vaiman D. A genome-wide approach reveals novel imprinted genes expressed in the human placenta. Epigenetics 2012; 7:1079-90. [PMID: 22894909 PMCID: PMC3466192 DOI: 10.4161/epi.21495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting characterizes genes with a monoallelic expression, which is dependent on the parental origin of each allele. Approximately 150 imprinted genes are known to date, in humans and mice but, though computational searches have tried to extract intrinsic characteristics of these genes to identify new ones, the existing list is probably far from being comprehensive. We used a high-throughput strategy by diverting the classical use of genotyping microarrays to compare the genotypes of mRNA/cDNA vs. genomic DNA to identify new genes presenting monoallelic expression, starting from human placental material. After filtering of data, we obtained a list of 1,082 putative candidate monoallelic SNPs located in more than one hundred candidate genes. Among these, we found known imprinted genes, such as IPW, GRB10, INPP5F and ZNF597, which contribute to validate the approach. We also explored some likely candidates of our list and identified seven new imprinted genes, including ZFAT, ZFAT-AS1, GLIS3, NTM, MAGI2, ZC3H12Cand LIN28B, four of which encode zinc finger transcription factors. They are, however, not imprinted in the mouse placenta, except for Magi2. We analyzed in more details the ZFAT gene, which is paternally expressed in the placenta (as ZFAT-AS1, a non-coding antisense RNA) but biallelic in other tissues. The ZFAT protein is expressed in endothelial cells, as well as in syncytiotrophoblasts. The expression of this gene is, moreover, downregulated in placentas from complicated pregnancies. With this work we increase by about 10% the number of known imprinted genes in humans.
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8
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Chelbi ST, Wilson ML, Veillard AC, Ingles SA, Zhang J, Mondon F, Gascoin-Lachambre G, Doridot L, Mignot TM, Rebourcet R, Carbonne B, Concordet JP, Barbaux S, Vaiman D. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms collaborate to control SERPINA3 expression and its association with placental diseases. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:1968-78. [PMID: 22246292 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
SERPINA3 (Serpin peptidase inhibitor clade A member 3), also known as a1-antichymotrypsin, is a serine protease inhibitor involved in a wide range of biological processes. Recently, it has been shown to be up-regulated in human placental diseases in association with a hypomethylation of the 5' region of the gene. In the present study, we show that the promoter of SERPINA3 is transcriptionally activated by three transcription factors (TFs) (SP1, MZF1 and ZBTB7B), the level of induction being dependent on the rs1884082 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located inside the promoter, the T allele being consistently induced to a higher level than the G, with or without added TFs. When the promoter was methylated, the response to ZBTB7B was allele specific (the G allele was strongly induced, while the T allele was strongly down-regulated). We propose an adaptive model to explain the interest of such a regulation for placental function and homeostasis. Overexpression of SERPINA3 in JEG-3 cells, a trophoblast cell model, decreased cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix and to neighboring cells, but protects them from apoptosis, suggesting a way by which this factor could be deleterious at high doses. In addition, we show in different human populations that the T allele appears to predispose to Intra Uterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), while a G allele at a second SNP located in the second exon (rs4634) increases the risk of preeclampsia. Our results provide mechanistic views inside the involvement of SERPINA3 in placental diseases, through its regulation by a combination of epigenetic, genetic and TF-mediated regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia T Chelbi
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France
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9
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Fauque P, Mondon F, Letourneur F, Ripoche MA, Journot L, Barbaux S, Dandolo L, Patrat C, Wolf JP, Jouannet P, Jammes H, Vaiman D. In vitro fertilization and embryo culture strongly impact the placental transcriptome in the mouse model. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9218. [PMID: 20169163 PMCID: PMC2821408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 01/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) are increasingly used in humans; however, their impact is now questioned. At blastocyst stage, the trophectoderm is directly in contact with an artificial medium environment, which can impact placental development. This study was designed to carry out an in-depth analysis of the placental transcriptome after ART in mice. Methodology/Principal Findings Blastocysts were transferred either (1) after in vivo fertilization and development (control group) or (2) after in vitro fertilization and embryo culture. Placentas were then analyzed at E10.5. Six percent of transcripts were altered at the two-fold threshold in placentas of manipulated embryos, 2/3 of transcripts being down-regulated. Strikingly, the X-chromosome harbors 11% of altered genes, 2/3 being induced. Imprinted genes were modified similarly to the X. Promoter composition analysis indicates that FOXA transcription factors may be involved in the transcriptional deregulations. Conclusions For the first time, our study shows that in vitro fertilization associated with embryo culture strongly modify the placental expression profile, long after embryo manipulations, meaning that the stress of artificial environment is memorized after implantation. Expression of X and imprinted genes is also greatly modulated probably to adapt to adverse conditions. Our results highlight the importance of studying human placentas from ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fauque
- Service d'Histologie-Embryologie, Biologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.
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10
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Cullins in human intra-uterine growth restriction: expressional and epigenetic alterations. Placenta 2009; 31:151-7. [PMID: 20005570 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined by a restriction of fetal growth during gestation. It is a prevalent significant public health problem that jeopardizes neonatal health but also that can have deleterious consequences later in adult life. Cullins constitute a family of seven proteins involved in cell scaffold and in selective proteolysis via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Most Cullins are critical for early embryonic development and mutations in some Cullin genes have been identified in human syndromes including growth retardation. Our work hypothesis is that Cullins, particularly CUL4B and CUL7, are involved in placental diseases and especially in IUGR. Thus, expression of Cullins and their cofactors was analyzed in normal and pathological placentas. We show that they present a constant significant over-expression in IUGR placentas, whose extent is dependent on the position of the interrogated fragment along the cDNAs, suggesting the existence of different isoforms of the genes. Particularly, the CUL7 gene is up-regulated up to 10 times in IUGR and 15 times in preeclampsia associated with IUGR. The expression of cofactors of Cullins participating to functional complexes has also been evaluated and showed a similar significant increase in IUGR. Promoters of Cullin genes appeared to be under the control of the SP1 transcription factor. Finally, methylation levels of the CUL7 promoter in placental tissues are modulated according to the pathological conditions, with a significant hypomethylation in IUGR. These results concur to pinpoint the Cullin family as a new set of markers of IUGR.
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11
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Fajardy I, Moitrot E, Vambergue A, Vandersippe-Millot M, Deruelle P, Rousseaux J. Time course analysis of RNA stability in human placenta. BMC Mol Biol 2009; 10:21. [PMID: 19284566 PMCID: PMC2664811 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-10-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of RNA quality is essential for gene expression analysis, as the presence of degraded samples may influence the interpretation of expression levels. Particularly, qRT-PCR data can be affected by RNA integrity and stability. To explore systematically how RNA quality affects qRT-PCR assay performance, a set of human placenta RNA samples was generated by two protocols handlings of fresh tissue over a progressive time course of 4 days. Protocol A consists of a direct transfer of tissue into RNA-stabilizing solution (RNAlater) solution. Protocol B uses a dissection of placenta villosities before bio banking. We tested and compared RNA yields, total RNA integrity, mRNA integrity and stability in these two protocols according to the duration of storage. RESULTS A long time tissue storage had little effect on the total RNA and mRNA integrity but induced changes in the transcript levels of stress-responsive genes as TNF-alpha or COX2 after 48 h. The loss of the RNA integrity was higher in the placental tissues that underwent a dissection before RNA processing by comparison with those transferred directly into RNA later solution. That loss is moderate, with average RIN (RNA Integration Numbers) range values of 4.5-6.05, in comparison with values of 6.44-7.22 in samples directly transferred to RNAlater (protocol A). Among the house keeping genes tested, the B2M is the most stable. CONCLUSION This study shows that placental samples can be stored at + 4 degrees C up to 48 h before RNA extraction without altering RNA quality. Rapid tissue handling without dissection and using RNA-stabilizing solution (RNAlater) is a prerequisite to obtain suitable RNA integrity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Fajardy
- Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Pôle de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Lille, Université Lille 2, France
| | - Emmanuelle Moitrot
- Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Pôle de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Lille, Université Lille 2, France
| | - Anne Vambergue
- Service de Diabétologie et d'Endocrinologie, CHRU de Lille, France
| | - Maryse Vandersippe-Millot
- Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Pôle de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Lille, Université Lille 2, France
| | | | - Jean Rousseaux
- Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Pôle de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Lille, Université Lille 2, France
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12
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Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of perinatal materno-foetal morbidity and pregnancy-associated-mortality in industrialized countries. Clinically, PE associates maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension with proteinuria. PE is often considered as a two-stage disease. The first stage is a shallow cytotrophoblastic invasion which induces cycles of hypoxia-reoxygenation at the placental level. Subsequently an abnormal expression pattern occurs and is followed by the release of soluble factors and trophoblastic debris in the maternal blood flow. These stimuli trigger the second phase of the disease, the maternal syndrome. Although some molecular actors have been recently identified, mechanisms of the disease onset remains poorly understood. It seems that combinations of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors are involved. Here, we suggest that epigenetic marks have to be considered to decipher the physiopathological process of PE. Since these marks must be established early and are traceable in the maternal blood flow, they could constitute a diagnosis tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Chelbi
- Institut Cochin, Département de Génétique et Développement, Equipe 21 Génomique et Epigénétique de la Pathologie placentaire, Paris F-75014, France
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13
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Buffat C, Mondon F, Rigourd V, Boubred F, Bessières B, Fayol L, Feuerstein JM, Gamerre M, Jammes H, Rebourcet R, Miralles F, Courbières B, Basire A, Dignat-Georges F, Carbonne B, Simeoni U, Vaiman D. A hierarchical analysis of transcriptome alterations in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) reveals common pathophysiological pathways in mammals. J Pathol 2007; 213:337-46. [PMID: 17893880 DOI: 10.1002/path.2233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a frequent disease, affecting up to 10% of human pregnancies and responsible for increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. Moreover, low birth weight is an important cause of the metabolic syndrome in the adult. Protein depletion during the gestation of rat females has been widely used as a model for human IUGR. By transcriptome analysis of control and protein-deprived rat placentas, we were able to identify 2543 transcripts modified more than 2.5 fold (1347 induced and 1196 repressed). Automatic functional classification enabled us to identify clusters of induced genes affecting chromosome structure, transcription, intracellular transport, protein modifications and apoptosis. In particular, we suggest the existence of a complex balance regulating apoptosis. Among repressed genes, we noted several groups of genes involved in immunity, signalling and degradation of noxious chemicals. These observations suggest that IUGR placentas have a decreased resistance to external aggression. The promoters of the most induced and most repressed genes were contrasted for their composition in putative transcription factor binding sites. There was an over-representation of Zn finger (ZNF) proteins and Pdx1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox protein 1) putative binding sites. Consistently, Pdx1 and a high proportion of ZNF genes were induced at the transcriptional level. A similar analysis of ZNF promoters showed an increased presence of putative binding sites for the Tata box binding protein (Tbp). Consistently again, we showed that the Tbp and TBP-associated factors (Tafs) were up-regulated in IUGR placentas. Also, samples of human IUGR and control placentas showed that human orthologous ZNFs and PDX1 were transcriptionally induced, especially in non-vascular IUGR. Immunohistochemistry revealed increased expression of PDX1 in IUGR human placentas. In conclusion, our approach permitted the proposition of hypotheses on a hierarchy of gene inductions/repressions leading to massive transcriptional alterations in the IUGR placenta, in humans and in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Buffat
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille/Upres EA 2193 Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
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14
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Chelbi ST, Mondon F, Jammes H, Buffat C, Mignot TM, Tost J, Busato F, Gut I, Rebourcet R, Laissue P, Tsatsaris V, Goffinet F, Rigourd V, Carbonne B, Ferré F, Vaiman D. Expressional and epigenetic alterations of placental serine protease inhibitors: SERPINA3 is a potential marker of preeclampsia. Hypertension 2006; 49:76-83. [PMID: 17088445 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.0000250831.52876.cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is the major pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorder. It modifies the expression profile of placental genes, including several serine protease inhibitors (SERPINs). The objective of this study was to perform a systematic expression analysis of these genes in normal and pathological placentas and to pinpoint epigenetic alterations inside their promoter regions. Expression of 18 placental SERPINs was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR on placentas from pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, or both and was compared with normal controls. SERPINA3, A5, A8, B2, B5, and B7 presented significant differences in expression in >or=1 pathological situation. In parallel, the methylation status of the CpG islands located in their promoter regions was studied on a sample of control and preeclamptic placentas. Ten SERPIN promoters were either totally methylated or totally unmethylated, whereas SERPINA3, A5, and A8 presented complex methylation profiles. For SERPINA3, the analysis was extended to 81 samples and performed by pyrosequencing. For the SERPINA3 CpG island, the average methylation level was significantly diminished in preeclampsia and growth restriction. The hypomethylated CpGs were situated at putative binding sites for developmental and stress response (hypoxia and inflammation) factors. Our results provide one of the first observations of a specific epigenetic alteration in human placental diseases and provide new potential markers for an early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia T Chelbi
- Equipe 21, Génomique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, Unité INSERM 567/UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 8104, Université Paris V IFR Alfred Jost, Faculté de Médecine, Cochin-Port-Royal, Paris, France
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15
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Vaiman D, Mondon F, Garcès-Duran A, Mignot TM, Robert B, Rebourcet R, Jammes H, Chelbi ST, Quetin F, Marceau G, Sapin V, Piumi F, Danan JL, Rigourd V, Carbonne B, Ferré F. Hypoxia-activated genes from early placenta are elevated in preeclampsia, but not in Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation. BMC Genomics 2005; 6:111. [PMID: 16129025 PMCID: PMC1236921 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-6-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2005] [Accepted: 08/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a first step to explore the possible relationships existing between the effects of low oxygen pressure in the first trimester placenta and placental pathologies developing from mid-gestation, two subtracted libraries totaling 2304 cDNA clones were constructed. For achieving this, two reciprocal suppressive/subtractive hybridization procedures (SSH) were applied to early (11 weeks) human placental villi after incubation either in normoxic or in hypoxic conditions. The clones from both libraries (1440 hypoxia-specific and 864 normoxia-specific) were spotted on nylon macroarrays. Complex cDNAs probes prepared from placental villi (either from early pregnancy, after hypoxic or normoxic culture conditions, or near term for controls or pathological placentas) were hybridized to the membranes. Results Three hundred and fifty nine clones presenting a hybridization signal above the background were sequenced and shown to correspond to 276 different genes. Nine of these genes are mitochondrial, while 267 are nuclear. Specific expression profiles characteristic of preeclampsia (PE) could be identified, as well as profiles specific of intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR). Focusing on the chromosomal distribution of the fraction of genes that responded in at least one hybridization experiment, we could observe a highly significant chromosomal clustering of 54 genes into 8 chromosomal regions, four of which containing imprinted genes. Comparative mapping data indicate that these imprinted clusters are maintained in synteny in mice, and apparently in cattle and pigs, suggesting that the maintenance of such syntenies is requested for achieving a normal placental physiology in eutherian mammals. Conclusion We could demonstrate that genes induced in PE were also genes highly expressed under hypoxic conditions (P = 5.10-5), which was not the case for isolated IUGR. Highly expressed placental genes may be in syntenies conserved interspecifically, suggesting that the maintenance of such clusters is requested for achieving a normal placental physiology in eutherian mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vaiman
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
- Département de Génétique Animale, INRA, 78352, Jouy-en-Josas,, France
| | - Françoise Mondon
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Garcès-Duran
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Thérèse-Marie Mignot
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Robert
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Régis Rebourcet
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Jammes
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sonia T Chelbi
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Quetin
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Geoffrey Marceau
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Medicale, Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, UMR INSERM U.384 UA, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP. 38, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Sapin
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Medicale, Faculte de Medecine et de Pharmacie, UMR INSERM U.384 UA, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP. 38, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - François Piumi
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Etudes des Génomes, Centre de Recherches INRA de Jouy-en-Josas, INRA, CRJJ, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Louis Danan
- UPR CNRS 9078, Université René Descartes ParisV, Site Necker, 156 rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Virginie Rigourd
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
- Service de Réanimation Néonatale, Institut de Puériculture et de Périnatalogie, 26, boulevard Brune, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Carbonne
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
- Service de Gynecologie-Obstetrique, Hopital Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Françoise Ferré
- Génétique et Epigénétique des Pathologies Placentaires, GEPP, U709 INSERM-Université René Descartes-Institut Alfred Jost, Pavillon Baudelocque, Hôpital Cochin, 123 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014, Paris, France
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