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Kumar V, Rai C, Kumari B, Srivastava S, Yanamandra U, Singh J, Ganju L, Varshney R, Garg I. Association of APOA1 gene polymorphisms (G-75A and C+83T) with deep vein -thrombosis: An Indian study. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hsu LC, Hsu LS, Lee TH. Association of apolipoprotein A1 and A5 polymorphisms with stroke subtypes in Han Chinese people in Taiwan. Gene 2019; 684:76-81. [PMID: 30367981 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSES Stroke is a leading cause of death and serious disability worldwide. Now, evidences indicate that dyslipidemia may play an important role in stroke. APOA1 and APOA5 involve in lipid metabolism. In this study, we investigated the association of APOA1 rs670 and APOA5 rs662799 with different stroke subtypes in the Han Chinese population of Taiwan. METHODS A total of 1751 participants, including 459 control subjects, 606 large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), 339 small vessel occlusion (SVO), and 347 hypertensive intracranial hemorrhage (HICH), were enrolled. The presence of rs670 and rs662799 was analyzed through polymerase chain react ion and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Notably, the frequency of the rs662799 C allele was significantly lower in the SVO patients than in the controls (24.36% vs. 29.74%, P = 0.024). The frequencies of heterozygote TC [odd ratio (OR) = 0.732, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.544-0.984, P = 0.038] and TC + CC (OR = 0.719, 95% CI = 0.542-0.953, P = 0.022) genotypes were significantly lower in the SVO patients than in the controls. In addition, triglyceride levels in individuals carrying the rs662799 TC + CC genotype were significantly higher than in those carrying the TT genotype, especially in older age, female, and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 groups. On the contrary, the low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly lower in rs662799 TC + CC genotype than TT genotype. The BMI was significantly lower in subjects with rs662799 TC + CC genotype than those with TT genotype, especially in older age and female. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were higher in individuals carrying the rs670 GG genotype than in those carrying the AG + AA genotype, especially in BMI < 25 group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the rs662799 C allele (TC + CC) was an independent protective factor for SVO after adjustment for conventional risk factors (OR = 0.709, 95% CI = 0.526-0.956; P = 0.024). CONCLUSION GG genotype of rs670 is correlated with high serum HDL-C levels, whereas TC + CC genotype of rs662799 is associated with high serum triglyceride and low LDL and BMI levels. In addition, the rs662799 C allele (TC + CC) is an independent protective factor for SVO in the Han Chinese population in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chi Hsu
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University school of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institutes of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Hai Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Akadam-Teker B, Ozkara G, Kurnaz-Gomleksiz O, Bugra Z, Teker E, Ozturk O, Yilmaz-Aydogan H. BMP1 5'UTR + 104 T/C gene variation: can be a predictive marker for serum HDL and apoprotein A1 levels in male patients with coronary heart disease. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1269-1276. [PMID: 30062502 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1), the major protein of HDL, is secreted as a proprotein and then is cleaved by C-terminal procollagen endoproteinase/bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP1). BMP1 stimulates the conversion of newly secreted proapo A1 to its phospholipid-binding form. Therefore, genetic variations of BMP1 gene may affect serum ApoA1 and HDL levels. We aimed to investigate the effects of the functional 5'UTR + 104 (T/C) variant of BMP1 on serum ApoA1 and HDL levels and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in this study. The BMP1 5'UTR + 104 (T/C) (rs143383) variation was determined in 131 male patients with CHD and 51 male controls by real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. ApoA1 levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry. The serum Apo-A1 levels were found higher in controls with the BMP1-CC genotype than those with the T-allele (p < 0.001). Our findings show the association of this variation with serum ApoA1 and HDL-C levels which increase in the order of CT < TT < CC in the controls. No effect was found on ApoA1 and HDL-C levels in CHD patients, as it was observed in the controls. However, the BMP1-TT genotype was associated with higher triglyceride (TG) levels as compared to C-allele (p = 0.009). These discrepancies could be due to statin therapy which has dominant effects on lowering cholesterol levels comparing to TG levels. Our results indicated that the BMP1 5'UTR + 104 (T/C) variation may affect the serum ApoA1 and lipoprotein levels depending on statin therapy so that contributes to the development of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Akadam-Teker
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakıf Gureba c. Çapa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Ozkara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakıf Gureba c. Çapa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Kurnaz-Gomleksiz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakıf Gureba c. Çapa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Bugra
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erhan Teker
- Departments of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Oguz Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakıf Gureba c. Çapa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yilmaz-Aydogan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakıf Gureba c. Çapa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Rajput S, Jain S. Is Autoverification of Reports the Need of the Hour in Clinical Chemistry Laboratory? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10054-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Sairam SG, Sola S, Barooah A, Javvaji SK, Jaipuria J, Venkateshan V, Chelli J, Sanjeevi CB. The role of Lp-PLA 2 and biochemistry parameters as potential biomarkers of coronary artery disease in Asian South-Indians: a case-control study. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2017; 7:589-597. [PMID: 29302464 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2017.08.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is an emerging biomarker for inflammation that has shown association with CAD. Its significance in the Asian Indian population is not clearly known. We sought to compare the possible association of various biomarkers of atherosclerosis along with Lp-PLA2, in symptomatic individuals with CAD vs. healthy controls in Asian South-Indians. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional case control study at three centers in a South Indian population. A total of 100 CAD patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 100 age and gender matched healthy controls participated, of which, 166 subjects or 83 case-control pairs with complete data for both participants were identified for the statistical analysis. Lp-PLA2 concentration and activity were measured using PLAC test and PLAC activity assay respectively (diaDexus Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA), while all other parameters were measured using standard commercially available kits. Results We enrolled a total of 200 subjects (mean age 50.7±9.6 years, 87.5% males). A total of 83 subjects completed the study in the CAD group (mean age 51 ±8.9 years, 85% males) and 83 subjects in the control group (mean age 50±8.9 years, 86.5% males). In the CAD group, Lp-PLA2 concentration positively correlated with TC (ρ=0.19, P=0.02), non-HDL-C (ρ=0.20, P=0.02), Lp-PLA2 activity (ρ=0.27, P=0.001) and Lp(a) (r=0.25, P=0.02). Lp-PLA2 activity correlated positively with TC (ρ=0.28, P=0.001), LDL-C (ρ=0.30, P<0.001), non-HDL-C (ρ=0.35, P<0.001), ApoB (ρ=0.35, P<0.001) and negatively correlated to HDL-C (ρ=-0.24, P=0.004). Cox proportionality hazards model revealed Lp-PLA2 concentration (β=0.006, SE =0.002, P=0.009) to have positive association with the event of CAD, while negative association was observed for ApoA1 (β=-0.06, SE =0.02, P=0.001). ROC analysis revealed that the highest quartile of Lp-PLA2 concentration to have area under curve (AUC) of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.65-0.9; P<0.001) with cut off value of >427 ng/mL and ApoA1 with AUC of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.70-0.85; P<0.001) with cut off value of ≤129.6 mg/dL with the optimum balance of sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions In this study population, circulating plasma Lp-PLA2 was found to be elevated in CAD group. ApoA1 showed negative association and Lp-PLA2 concentration showed positive association with risk for CAD. In the highest quartile, Lp-PLA2 concentration had the best diagnostic utility. Our results support the hypothesis that Lp-PLA2 may be a potential risk marker for CAD in Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Giridhar Sairam
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, India
| | - Srikanth Sola
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Asha Barooah
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sai Kiran Javvaji
- Department of Cardiology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Jiten Jaipuria
- Department of Urology, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Prasanthi Gram, India
| | | | - Janardhana Chelli
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, India
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Wang X, He J, Guo H, Mu L, Hu Y, Ma J, Yan Y, Ma R, Li S, Ding Y, Zhang M, Niu Q, Liu J, Zhang J, Guo S. Interactions of six SNPs in APOA1 gene and types of obesity on low HDL-C disease in Xinjiang pastoral area of China. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:187. [PMID: 28969676 PMCID: PMC5625605 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate association between six single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in APOA1 gene and types of obesity with the risk of low level HDL-C in the pastoral area of northwest China. METHODS A total of 1267 individuals including 424 patients with low HDL-C disease and 843 health subjects were analyzed based on matched for age, sex. SNPShot technique was used to detect the genotypes of rs670, rs5069, rs5072, rs7116797, rs2070665 and rs1799837 in APOA1 gene. The relationship between above six SNPs and types of obesity with low HDL-C disease was analyzed by binary logistic regression. RESULTS Carriers with rs670 G allele were more likely to get low HDL-C disease (OR = 1.46, OR95%CI: 1.118-1.915; P = 0.005); The genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs5069, rs5072, rs7116797, rs2070665, rs1799837 revealed no significant differences between cases and controls (P < 0.05); with reference to normal weight, Waist circumference (WC), Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) individuals, respectively, general obesity measured by BMI had 2.686 times (OR95%CI: 1.695-4.256; P < 0.01), abdominal obesity measured by WC had 1.925 times (OR95%CI: 1.273-2.910; P = 0.002) and abdominal obesity measured by WHR had 1.640 times (OR95%CI: 1.114-2.416; P = 0.012) risk to get low HDL-C disease; APOA1 rs670 interacted with obesity (no matter general obesity or abdominal obesity) on low HDL-C disease. CONCLUSIONS APOA1 gene may be associated with low HDL-C disease in the pastoral area of northwest China; obesity was the risk factor for low HDL-C disease; the low HDL-C disease is influenced by APOA1, obesity, and their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Wang
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Heng Guo
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Lati Mu
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Yunhua Hu
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Jiaolong Ma
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Yizhong Yan
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Rulin Ma
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Shugang Li
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Yusong Ding
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Qiang Niu
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
| | - Shuxia Guo
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, 832000 China
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7
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Wang Y, Liu F, Li L, Deng S, He Z. The association between apolipoprotein A1-C3-A5 gene cluster promoter polymorphisms and risk of ischemic stroke in the northern Chinese Han population. J Int Med Res 2017. [PMID: 28635360 PMCID: PMC5805214 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517713517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Given its effects on lipid metabolism, the apolipoprotein A1-C3-A5 (APOA1-C3-A5) gene cluster is thought to play an
important role in ischemic stroke pathogenesis. Here, we evaluated whether
the APOA1-C3-A5 cluster is associated with
ischemic stroke in the northern Chinese Han population. Methods This case–control study analyzed 812 patients with ischemic stroke and 844
healthy controls with regard to four APOA1-C3-A5 cluster promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs), rs670, rs2854116, rs2854117, and rs662799, using the SNaPshot
Multiplex sequencing assay. Potential associations among ischemic stroke,
genotyping, and allele frequencies were assessed. Results APOA1 rs670 CT/TT genotypes, APOA5 rs662799 AG/GG genotypes, and the APOC3 rs2854116 CC genotype were associated with
an increased risk of ischemic stroke according to multivariate logistic
analysis after adjusting for confounding factors. A significantly increased
risk for ischemic stroke was also identified among high-risk haplotypes
(C-C-T-A and T-T-C-A) for rs670–rs2854116–rs2854117–rs662799. Conclusion This study showed that rs670, rs2854116, and rs662799 SNPs of the APOA1-C3-A5 cluster are associated with ischemic
stroke in the northern Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shumin Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Xu LB, Zhou YF, Yao JL, Sun SJ, Rui Q, Yang XJ, Li XB. Apolipoprotein A1 polymorphisms and risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:813-819. [PMID: 28721149 PMCID: PMC5510497 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.65233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been reported that APOA1 -75G/A polymorphism might be associated with susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD). Owing to mixed and inconclusive results, we conducted a meta-analysis to systematically summarize and clarify the association between APOA1-75G/A polymorphism and the risk of CAD. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic search of studies on the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with susceptibility to CAD was conducted. A total of 9 case-control studies (1864 cases and 1196 controls) on the APOA1-75G/A polymorphism were included. RESULTS We observed no statistically significant association between APOA1 -75G/A polymorphism and risk of CAD under the dominant genetic model (AA + AG vs. GG: OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.65-1.66), allelic contrast (A vs. G: OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.58-1.32), heterozygote model (AG vs. GG: OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.81-1.89) or homozygote model (AA vs. GG: OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.26-1.05). Significant heterogeneity between individual studies appears in all five models, but a strong association under the recessive genetic model (AA vs. AG + GG: OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.92). In the subgroup analysis by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE; the presence or absence of HWE in controls), significantly decreased CAD risk and no significant heterogeneity were observed among controls consistent with HWE. Overall, the APOA1 A allele is one of the protective factors of CAD. A stronger association between APOA1-75G/A polymorphisms and CAD risk was present in the studies consistent with HWE. CONCLUSIONS The minor allele of the APOA1-75G/A polymorphism is a protective factor for CAD, especially in the studies consistent with HWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang-Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ya-Feng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia-Lu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Si-Jia Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing Rui
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Pranavchand R, Kumar AS, Reddy BM. Genetic determinants of clinical heterogeneity of the coronary artery disease in the population of Hyderabad, India. Hum Genomics 2017; 11:3. [PMID: 28257648 PMCID: PMC5336666 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-017-0099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic predisposition to the clinical categories of coronary artery disease (anatomical viz., insignificant, single, double, and triple vessel diseases and phenotypic severity categories viz., angina, acute coronary syndrome, and myocardial infarction) is poorly understood. Particularly, the apolipoprotein genes clustered at 11q23.3 chromosomal region play a vital role in cholesterol homeostasis, and a large number of SNPs identified in this region need to be explored for their association with the clinical categories of CAD. Methods Using fluidigm SNP genotyping platform, a prioritized set of 96 SNPs of 11q23.3 chromosomal region were genotyped on 508 CAD cases and 516 ethnicity matched controls, enrolled from Hyderabad, India, and its vicinity. Results The association analysis suggests 19 and 15 SNPs to be significantly associated (p ≤ 0.05) with at least one of the anatomical and/or phenotypic severity categories, respectively. Overall, the six SNPs rs17440396:G>A, rs6589566:A>G, rs2849165:G>A, rs10488699:G>A, rs1263163:G>A, and rs1263171:G>A were significant even after correction for multiple testing. Three of these (rs17440396:G>A, rs6589566:A>G, and rs2849165:G>A) that belong to BUD13, ZPR1, and APOA5-APOA4 intergenic regions, respectively, were found to be associated across the anatomical categories of CAD. However, no particular trend in the genotypic odds ratios with the increasing severity was apparent. The association analysis of the variants with phenotypic severity categories suggests that a high degree of phenotypic severity could be a result of more number of risk alleles. While the risk score analysis suggests high discriminative power of the variants towards the individual clinical categories of CAD, the complex network of interactions seen between the intronic variants of BUD13 and ZPR1 regulatory genes and intergenic variants of APOA5-APOA4 suggests pleiotropic effects of regulatory genes in the manifestation of these CAD categories. Conclusion The complex network of interactions observed in the present study between the regulatory and protein-coding genes suggests their role in the manifestation of distinct clinical categories of CAD, which needs to be functionally validated. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40246-017-0099-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayabarapu Pranavchand
- Molecular Anthropology Group, Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Battini Mohan Reddy
- Molecular Anthropology Group, Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Hyderabad, India.
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Pranav Chand R, Kumar AS, Anuj K, Vishnupriya S, Mohan Reddy B. Distinct Patterns of Association of Variants at 11q23.3 Chromosomal Region with Coronary Artery Disease and Dyslipidemia in the Population of Andhra Pradesh, India. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153720. [PMID: 27257688 PMCID: PMC4892567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In our attempt to comprehensively understand the nature of association of variants at 11q23.3 apolipoprotein gene cluster region, we genotyped a prioritized set of 96 informative SNPs using Fluidigm customized SNP genotyping platform in a sample of 508 coronary artery disease (CAD) cases and 516 controls. We found 12 SNPs as significantly associated with CAD at P <0.05, albeit only four (rs2849165, rs17440396, rs6589566 and rs633389) of these remained significant after Benjamin Hochberg correction. Of the four, while rs6589566 confers risk to CAD, the other three SNPs reduce risk for the disease. Interaction of variants that belong to regulatory genes BUD13 and ZPR1 with APOA5-APOA4 intergenic variants is also observed to significantly increase the risk towards CAD. Further, ROC analysis of the risk scores of the 12 significant SNPs suggests that our study has substantial power to confer these genetic variants as predictors of risk for CAD, as illustrated by AUC (0.763; 95% CI: 0.729-0.798, p = <0.0001). On the other hand, the protective SNPs of CAD are associated with elevated Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Total Cholesterol levels, hence with dyslipidemia, in our sample of controls, which may suggest distinct effects of the variants at 11q23.3 chromosomal region towards CAD and dyslipidemia. It may be necessary to replicate these findings in the independent and ethnically heterogeneous Indian samples in order to establish this as an Indian pattern. However, only functional analysis of the significant variants identified in our study can provide more precise understanding of the mechanisms involved in the contrasting nature of their effects in manifesting dyslipidemia and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kapadia Anuj
- Department of Cardiology, Care Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Battini Mohan Reddy
- Molecular Anthropology Group, Indian Statistical Institute, Hyderabad, India
- * E-mail:
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Wu Y, Yu Y, Zhao T, Wang S, Fu Y, Qi Y, Yang G, Yao W, Su Y, Ma Y, Shi J, Jiang J, Kou C. Interactions of Environmental Factors and APOA1-APOC3-APOA4-APOA5 Gene Cluster Gene Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147946. [PMID: 26824674 PMCID: PMC4732668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for Metabolic syndrome. We evaluated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and the MetS risk and analyzed the interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster polymorphisms with MetS. METHODS A study on the prevalence and risk factors for MetS was conducted using data from a large cross-sectional survey representative of the population of Jilin Province situated in northeastern China. A total of 16,831 participations were randomly chosen by multistage stratified cluster sampling of residents aged from 18 to 79 years in all nine administrative areas of the province. Environmental factors associated with MetS were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses based on the weighted sample data. A sub-sample of 1813 survey subjects who met the criteria for MetS patients and 2037 controls from this case-control study were used to evaluate the association between SNPs and MetS risk. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and SNP genotyping was determined by MALDI-TOF-MS. The associations between SNPs and MetS were examined using a case-control study design. The interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster polymorphisms with MetS were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The overall adjusted prevalence of MetS was 32.86% in Jilin province. The prevalence of MetS in men was 36.64%, which was significantly higher than the prevalence in women (29.66%). MetS was more common in urban areas (33.86%) than in rural areas (31.80%). The prevalence of MetS significantly increased with age (OR = 8.621, 95%CI = 6.594-11.272). Mental labor (OR = 1.098, 95%CI = 1.008-1.195), current smoking (OR = 1.259, 95%CI = 1.108-1.429), excess salt intake (OR = 1.252, 95%CI = 1.149-1.363), and a fruit and dairy intake less than 2 servings a week were positively associated with MetS (P<0.05). A family history of diabetes (OR = 1.630, 95%CI = 1.484-1.791), cardiovascular disease or cerebral diseases (OR = 1.297, 95%CI = 1.211-1.389) was associated with MetS. APOA1 rs670, APOA5 rs662799 and rs651821 revealed significant differences in genotype distributions between the MetS patients and control subjects. The minor alleles of APOA1 rs670, APOA5 rs662799 and rs651821, and APOA5 rs2075291 were associated with MetS (P<0.0016). APOA1 rs5072 and APOC3 rs5128, APOA5 rs651821 and rs662799 were in strong linkage disequilibrium to each other with r2 greater than 0.8. Five haplotypes were associated with an increased risk of MetS (OR = 1.23, 1.58, 1.80, 1.90, and 1.98). When we investigated the interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster gene polymorphisms, we found that APOA5 rs662799 had interactions with tobacco use and alcohol consumption (PGE<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of MetS in the northeast of China. Male gender, increasing age, mental labor, family history of diabetes, cardiovascular disease or cerebral diseases, current smoking, excess salt intake, fruit and dairy intake less than 2 servings a week, and drinking were associated with MetS. The APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster was associated with MetS in the Han Chinese. APOA5 rs662799 had interactions with the environmental factors associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Tiancheng Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Shibin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yingli Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Wenwang Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Jieping Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- * E-mail: (CGK); (JJ)
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin province, China
- * E-mail: (CGK); (JJ)
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Hsu MC, Lee KT, Hsiao WC, Wu CH, Sun HY, Lin IL, Young KC. The dyslipidemia-associated SNP on the APOA1/C3/A5 gene cluster predicts post-surgery poor outcome in Taiwanese breast cancer patients: a 10-year follow-up study. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:330. [PMID: 23829168 PMCID: PMC3708770 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-surgery therapies are given to early-stage breast cancer patients due to the possibility of residual micrometastasis, and optimized by clincopathological parameters such as tumor stage, and hormone receptor/lymph node status. However, current efficacy of post-surgery therapies is unsatisfactory, and may be varied according to unidentified patient genetic factors. Increases of breast cancer occurrence and recurrence have been associated with dyslipidemia, which can attribute to other known risk factors of breast cancer including obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Thus we reasoned that dyslipidemia-associated nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the APOA1/C3/A5 gene cluster may predict breast cancer risk and tumor progression. Methods We analyzed the distribution of 5 selected APOA1/C3/A5 SNPs in recruited Taiwanese breast cancer patients (n=223) and healthy controls (n=162). The association of SNP (APOA1 rs670) showing correlation with breast cancer with baseline and follow-up parameters was further examined. Results APOA1 rs670 A allele carriage was higher in breast cancer patients than controls (59.64% vs. 48.77%, p=0.038). The rs670 A allele carrying patients showed less favorable baseline phenotype with positive lymph nodes (G/A: OR=3.32, 95% CI=1.77-6.20, p<0.001; A/A: OR=2.58, 95% CI=1.05-6.32, p=0.039) and negative hormone receptor expression (A/A: OR=4.85, 95%CI=1.83-12.83, p=0.001) in comparison to G/G carriers. Moreover, rs670 A/A carrying patients had higher risks in both tumor recurrence (HR=3.12, 95% CI=1.29-7.56, p=0.012) and mortality (HR=4.36, 95% CI=1.52-12.47, p=0.006) than patients with no A alleles after adjustments for associated baseline parameters. Furthermore, the prognostic effect of rs670 A/A carriage was most evident in lymph node-negative patients, conferring to the highest risks of recurrence (HR=4.98, 95% CI=1.40-17.70, p=0.013) and mortality (HR=9.87, 95%CI=1.60-60.81, p=0.014) than patients with no A alleles. Conclusions APOA1 rs670 A/A carriage showed poor post-surgery prognosis in Taiwanese lymph node-negative breast cancer patients, whose prognosis were considered better and adjuvant treatment might be less stringent according to currently available assessment protocols. Our findings suggest that APOA1 rs670 indicate a post-surgery risk of breast cancer disease progression, and that carriers of this SNP may benefit from more advanced disease monitoring and therapy regimens than the current regular standards. Furthermore, control of lipid homeostasis might protect APOA1 rs670 minor allele carriers from breast cancer occurrence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Hsu
- Research Center for Medical Laboratory Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Henkhaus RS, Dodani S, Manzardo AM, Butler MG. APOA1 gene polymorphisms in the South Asian immigrant population in the United States. INDIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 2012; 17:194-200. [PMID: 22345992 PMCID: PMC3276989 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6866.92103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death in the United States. South Asian immigrants (SAIs) from the Indian subcontinent living in the US are disproportionately at higher risk of CAD than other immigrant populations. Unique genetic factors may predispose SAIs to increased risk of developing CAD when adopting a Western lifestyle including a higher-fat diet, more sedentary behavior and additional gene-environment interactions. SAIs are known to have low levels of the protective high density lipoprotein (HDL) and an altered function for Apo-lipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1), the main protein component of HDL cholesterol. One gene that may be genetically distinctive in this population is APOA1 which codes for ApoA-1 protein, a potentially important contributing factor in the development of CAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNA sequencing was performed to determine the status of the seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOA1 gene from 94 unrelated SAI adults. Genotypes, allelic frequencies, and intragenic linkage disequilibrium of the APOA1 SNPs were calculated. RESULTS: Several polymorphisms and patterns were common among persons of south Asian ethnicity. Frequencies for SNPs T655C, T756C and T1001C were found to be different than those reported in European Caucasian individuals. Linkage disequilibrium was found to be present between most (13 of 15) SNP pairings indicating common inheritance patterns. CONCLUSIONS: SAIs showed variability in the sequence of the APOA1 gene and linkage disequilibrium for most SNPS. This pattern of APOA1 SNPs may contribute to decreased levels of HDL cholesterol reported in SAIs, leading to an increased risk for developing CAD in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Henkhaus
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, USA
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Dodani S, Dong Y, Zhu H, George V. Can novel Apo A-I polymorphisms be responsible for low HDL in South Asian immigrants? INDIAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 2011; 14:9-15. [PMID: 20300285 PMCID: PMC2840779 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6866.42321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the world. Even though its rates have decreased worldwide over the past 30 years, event rates are still high in South Asians. South Asians are known to have low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. The objective of this study was to identify Apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I) polymorphisms, the main protein component of HDL and explore its association with low HDL levels in South Asians. A pilot study on 30 South Asians was conducted and 12-h fasting samples for C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, HDL, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, Lipoprotein (a), Insulin, glucose levels, DNA extraction, and sequencing of Apo A-I gene were done. DNA sequencing revealed six novel Apo A-I single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in South Asians, one of which (rs 35293760, C938T) was significantly associated with low (<40 mg/dl) HDL levels (P = 0.004). The association was also seen with total cholesterol (P = 0.026) and LDL levels (P = 0.032). This pilot work has highlighted some of the gene-environment associations that could be responsible for low HDL and may be excess CAD in South Asians. Further larger studies are required to explore and uncover these associations that could be responsible for excess CAD risk in South Asians.
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Dodani S, Henkhaus R, Wick J, Vacek J, Gupta K, Dong L, Butler MG. Metabolic syndrome in South Asian immigrants: more than low HDL requiring aggressive management. Lipids Health Dis 2011; 10:45. [PMID: 21410987 PMCID: PMC3076254 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-10-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggressive clinical and public health interventions have resulted in significant reduction in coronary artery disease (CAD) worldwide. However, South Asian immigrants (SAIs) exhibit the higher prevalence of CAD and its risk factors as compared with other ethnic populations. The objective of the current study is to assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), its association with high density Lipoprotein (HDL) function, Apo lipoprotein A-I (APOA1) gene polymorphisms, and sub-clinical CAD using common carotid intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) as a surrogate marker. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on SAIs aged 35-65 years. Dysfunctional/pro-inflammatory (Dys-HDL) was determined using novel cell free assay and HDL inflammatory index. Six intronic APOA1 gene polymorphisms were analyzed by DNA sequencing. According to the International Diabetes Federation definition, MS prevalence was 29.7% in SAIs without CAD and 26% had HDL inflammatory index ≥ 1 suggesting pro-inflammatory Dys-HDL. Six novel APOA1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed with logistic regression, three SNPs (G2, G3, and G5) were found to be significantly associated with MS (p = 0.039, p = 0.038, p = 0.054). On multi-variate analysis, MS was significantly associated with BMI > 23 (P = 0.005), Apo-A-I levels (p = 0.01), and Lp [a] (p < 0.0001). SAIs are known to be at a disproportionately high risk for CAD that may be attributed to a high burden for MS. There is need to explore and understand non-traditional risk factors with special focus on Dys-HDL, knowing that SAIs have low HDL levels. Large prospective studies are needed to further strengthen current study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Dodani
- Center for Post Polio Rehabilitation, 2308 W. 127 street, Leawood, KS 66209, USA.
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Ahmad I, Narang R, Venkatraman A, Das N. Frequency distribution of the single-nucleotide -108C/T polymorphism at the promoter region of the PON1 gene in Asian Indians and its relationship with coronary artery disease. J Community Genet 2011; 2:27-32. [PMID: 22109721 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-011-0037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A single-nucleotide promoter region polymorphism (-108C/T) of the paraoxonase (PON1) gene had been suggested to influence an individual's susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD). No data is available on this polymorphism from India. One hundred seventy-eight healthy individuals and 204 angiographically proven CAD patients were recruited to get baseline data on the frequency distribution of the -108C/T polymorphism in normal people of Asian Indian ethnicity and its relation with the risk of CAD. Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length analysis was used as the method for genotyping. Blood samples were used for DNA isolation. In the normal subjects, the genotypes were distributed as CT (43.26%) > CC (30.34%), >TT (26.4%). The allele frequency of the C allele was 0.52, and that of the T allele was 0.48. The patients showed a similar pattern, but the TT genotype was about two times more frequent in the controls than in patients. Odds ratios for developing CAD for individuals with CT, TT, and CT + TT genotypes were 0.89 (0.50-1.59), 0.56 (0.27-1.08), and 0.76 (0.44-1.29), respectively (at 95% confidence interval), when compared to CC homozygous people (age- and sex-adjusted, p = 0.114, all genotypes compared). This suggested a trend for the T allele as protective against CAD. This first report on the frequency distribution of the -108C/T polymorphism in people of Asian Indian ethnicity suggests that the normal distribution is similar to that observed for the Chinese, Japanese, and Latino people, but the disease association is unique. The TT genotype and the T allele which are widely found associated with the risk of CAD showed a protective trend in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imteyaz Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Chen ES, Mazzotti DR, Furuya TK, Cendoroglo MS, Ramos LR, Araujo LQ, Burbano RR, de Arruda Cardoso Smith M. Apolipoprotein A1 gene polymorphisms as risk factors for hypertension and obesity. Clin Exp Med 2009; 9:319-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-009-0051-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 04/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Roy H, Bhardwaj S, Yla-Herttuala S. Molecular genetics of atherosclerosis. Hum Genet 2009; 125:467-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00439-009-0654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Shanker J, Perumal G, Rao VS, Khadrinarasimhiah NB, John S, Hebbagodi S, Mukherjee M, Kakkar VV. Genetic studies on the APOA1-C3-A5 gene cluster in Asian Indians with premature coronary artery disease. Lipids Health Dis 2008; 7:33. [PMID: 18801202 PMCID: PMC2556320 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-7-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The APOA1-C3-A5 gene cluster plays an important role in the regulation of lipids. Asian Indians have an increased tendency for abnormal lipid levels and high risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the relationship of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Apo11q cluster, namely the -75G>A, +83C>T SNPs in the APOA1 gene, the Sac1 SNP in the APOC3 gene and the S19W variant in the APOA5 gene to plasma lipids and CAD in 190 affected sibling pairs (ASPs) belonging to Asian Indian families with a strong CAD history. METHODS & RESULTS Genotyping and lipid assays were carried out using standard protocols. Plasma lipids showed a strong heritability (h2 48% - 70%; P < 0.0001). A subset of 77 ASPs with positive sign of Logarithm of Odds (LOD) score showed significant linkage to CAD trait by multi-point analysis (LOD score 7.42, P < 0.001) and to Sac1 (LOD score 4.49) and -75G>A (LOD score 2.77) SNPs by single-point analysis (P < 0.001). There was significant proportion of mean allele sharing (pi) for the Sac1 (pi 0.59), -75G>A (pi 0.56) and +83C>T (pi 0.52) (P < 0.001) SNPs, respectively. QTL analysis showed suggestive evidence of linkage of the Sac1 SNP to Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) with LOD scores of 1.42, 1.72 and 1.19, respectively (P < 0.01). The Sac1 and -75G>A SNPs along with hypertension showed maximized correlations with TC, TG and Apo B by association analysis. CONCLUSION The APOC3-Sac1 SNP is an important genetic variant that is associated with CAD through its interaction with plasma lipids and other standard risk factors among Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Shanker
- Mary and Garry Weston Functional Genomics Unit, Thrombosis Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
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Xiao J, Zhang F, Wiltshire S, Hung J, Jennens M, Beilby JP, Thompson PL, McQuillan BM, McCaskie PA, Carter KW, Palmer LJ, Powell BL. The apolipoprotein AII rs5082 variant is associated with reduced risk of coronary artery disease in an Australian male population. Atherosclerosis 2008; 199:333-9. [PMID: 18179799 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are inversely related to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Apolipoproteins AI and AII are the major protein constituents of HDL particles. APOAI and APOAII genetic polymorphisms have been proposed to affect transcriptional efficiency of their respective genes, thereby altering serum lipid levels and influencing atherosclerotic disease risk. 556 subjects with angiographically proven CAD (>50% stenosis) and 1109 randomly selected individuals from metropolitan Perth, Western Australia, were included in an association study. APOAI -75G/A (rs670) and APOAII -256T/C (rs5082) polymorphisms were both found to be not associated with plasma HDL levels. In a case-control analysis of 484 male CAD patients and 498 male controls, individuals carrying the 'CC' genotype for the APOAII rs5082 polymorphism had significantly lower risk of CAD than the 'T' allele carriers (OR=0.57, 95% CI 0.39-0.84, p=0.004). The minor 'A' allele of the APOAI rs670 polymorphism was found to be not associated with CAD, contrary to previous reports. We conclude that the APOAII rs5082 polymorphism appears to be cardioprotective in this representative Caucasian Australian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiao
- Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Australia
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Dodani S. Excess coronary artery disease risk in South Asian immigrants: can dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein explain increased risk? Vasc Health Risk Manag 2008; 4:953-61. [PMID: 19183743 PMCID: PMC2605339 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s2915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the United States (US), and South Asian immigrants (SAIs) have a higher risk of CAD compared to Caucasians. Traditional risk factors may not completely explain high risk, and some of the unknown risk factors need to be explored. This short review is mainly focused on the possible role of dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in causing CAD and presents an overview of available literature on dysfunctional HDL. DISCUSSION The conventional risk factors, insulin resistance parameters, and metabolic syndrome, although important in predicting CAD risk, may not sufficiently predict risk in SAIs. HDL has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antithrombotic properties that contribute to its function as an antiatherogenic agent. Recent Caucasian studies have shown HDL is not only ineffective as an antioxidant but, paradoxically, appears to be prooxidant, and has been found to be associated with CAD. Several causes have been hypothesized for HDL to become dysfunctional, including Apo lipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I) polymorphisms. New risk factors and markers like dysfunctional HDL and genetic polymorphisms may be associated with CAD. CONCLUSIONS More research is required in SAIs to explore associations with CAD and to enhance early detection and prevention of CAD in this high risk group.
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Albahrani AI, Usher J J, Alkindi M, Marks E, Ranganath L, Al-yahyaee S. ApolipoproteinA1-75 G/A (M1-) polymorphism and lipoprotein(a); anti- vs. pro-Atherogenic properties. Lipids Health Dis 2007; 6:19. [PMID: 17683612 PMCID: PMC1995194 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-6-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ApolipoproteinA1 (apoA1) is the major apoprotein constituent of high-density-lipoprotein(HDL). The relationship of apoA1 -75 bp(M1-) allele polymorphism with lipoprotein phenotype and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remain unclear. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected from a cohort of high-risk Omani population, 90 non-diabetic subjects and 149 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects for genotype and phenotype studies. RESULTS The M1+ and M1- alleles frequencies were 0.808 and 0.192 for M1+ and M1-, respectively, comparable to the frequency of apoA1 (M1+ and M1-) amongst a healthy Omani population, 0.788 and 0.212, respectively. The frequencies of the hetero- and homozygous subjects for the MspI polymorphism at -75 (M1-) of the apoA1 gene were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The mean Lp(a) concentration was significantly higher(P = 0.02) in subjects carrying M1- allele compared to M1+ allele of the APOA1 gene with an odd ratio of 2.3(95% CI, 1.13-14.3), irrespective of gender and the diabetic status. CONCLUSION ApolipoproteinA1-75 G/A (M1-) polymorphism is relatively common and is positively associated with Lp(a) and therefore, may confer a potential risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali I Albahrani
- Department of Clinical biochemistry, St Mary's Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, PO30 5TG, UK
| | - Jannete Usher J
- Department of Clinical biochemistry, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Duncan Building, 4floor, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
| | - Mohammed Alkindi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, PO box 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Eileen Marks
- Department of Clinical biochemistry, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Duncan Building, 4floor, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
| | - L Ranganath
- Department of Clinical biochemistry, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Duncan Building, 4floor, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
| | - Said Al-yahyaee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, PO box 123, Sultanate of Oman
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