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Petrela RB, Patel SP. The soil and the seed: The relationship between Descemet's membrane and the corneal endothelium. Exp Eye Res 2023; 227:109376. [PMID: 36592681 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Descemet's membrane (DM), the basement membrane of the corneal endothelium, is formed from the extracellular matrix (ECM) secreted by corneal endothelial cells. The ECM supports the growth and function of the corneal endothelial cells. Changes to DM are central to the diagnosis of the most common corneal endothelial disease, Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). Changes in DM are also noted in systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. In FECD, the DM progressively accumulates guttae, "drop-like deposits" that disrupt the corneal endothelial cell monolayer. While the pathophysiologic changes to corneal endothelial cells in the course of FECD have been well described and reviewed, the changes to DM have received limited attention. The reciprocity of influence between the corneal endothelial cells and DM demands full attention to the latter in our search for novel treatment and preventive strategies. In this review, we discuss what is known about the formation and composition of DM and how it changes in FECD and other conditions. We review characteristics of guttae and the interplay between corneal endothelial cells and guttae, particularly as it might apply to future cell-based and genetic therapies for FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redion B Petrela
- Ross Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1176 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA; Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - Sangita P Patel
- Ross Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1176 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA; Research and Ophthalmology Services, Veterans Administration of Western New York Healthcare System, 3495 Bailey Ave, Buffalo, NY, 14215, USA.
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2
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Xu Y, Kirchner M. Segment-Long-Spacing (SLS) and the Polymorphic Structures of Fibrillar Collagen. Subcell Biochem 2022; 99:495-521. [PMID: 36151387 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-00793-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The diverse and complex functions of collagen during the development of an organism are closely related to the polymorphism of its supramolecular structures in the extracellular matrix. SLS (segment-long-spacing) is one of the best understood alternative structures of collagen. SLS played an instrumental role in the original studies of collagen more than half a century ago that laid the foundation of nearly everything we know about collagen today. Despite being used mostly under in vitro conditions, the natural occurrence of SLS in tissues has also been reported. Here we will provide a brief overview of the major findings of the SLS and other structures of collagen based on a wealth of work published starting from the 1940s. We will discuss the factors that determine the stability and the structural specificity of the different molecular assemblies of collagen in light of the new studies using designed fibril forming collagen peptides. At the end of the chapter, we will summarize some recent discoveries of the alternative structures of collagen in tissues, especially those involved in pathogenic states. A revisit of SLS will likely inspire new understandings concerning the range of critical roles of fibrillar collagen in terms of its organizational diversity in the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Michele Kirchner
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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3
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The Corneal Changes in Diabetic Patients. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2020-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a systemic disorder which afects different organs. Ocular complications of the DM are the worldwide leading cause of blindness. The most common complications are diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cataract, neovascular glaucoma. Recently many investigations point out that DM can cause comlications at ocular surface as well. Condition such as decreased corneal sensitivity, dry eye or neurotrophic corneal ulceraction are the main clinical manifestations of the diabetic keratopathy (DK). Untreated, these conditions can lead to serious visual acuity decrease. Pathological processes, based on chronic inflammation, due to chronic hyperglycemia, are the main step in the process of DK development. Adequate treatment of the main disease - DM is an imperative in maintaining the healthy cornea without subjective sensations of diabetic patients.
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Liang T, Qin T, Kang F, Kang Y, Xie L, Zhu D, Dolai S, Greitzer-Antes D, Baker RK, Feng D, Tuduri E, Ostenson CG, Kieffer TJ, Banks K, Pessin JE, Gaisano HY. SNAP23 depletion enables more SNAP25/calcium channel excitosome formation to increase insulin exocytosis in type 2 diabetes. JCI Insight 2020; 5:129694. [PMID: 32051343 PMCID: PMC7098801 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SNAP23 is the ubiquitous SNAP25 isoform that mediates secretion in non-neuronal cells, similar to SNAP25 in neurons. However, some secretory cells like pancreatic islet β cells contain an abundance of both SNAP25 and SNAP23, where SNAP23 is believed to play a redundant role to SNAP25. We show that SNAP23, when depleted in mouse β cells in vivo and human β cells (normal and type 2 diabetes [T2D] patients) in vitro, paradoxically increased biphasic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion corresponding to increased exocytosis of predocked and newcomer insulin granules. Such effects on T2D Goto-Kakizaki rats improved glucose homeostasis that was superior to conventional treatment with sulfonylurea glybenclamide. SNAP23, although fusion competent in slower secretory cells, in the context of β cells acts as a weak partial fusion agonist or inhibitory SNARE. Here, SNAP23 depletion promotes SNAP25 to bind calcium channels more quickly and longer where granule fusion occurs to increase exocytosis efficiency. β Cell SNAP23 antagonism is a strategy to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tairan Qin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Youhou Kang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Subhankar Dolai
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dafna Greitzer-Antes
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert K. Baker
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daorong Feng
- Michael F. Price Center for Genetic and Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Eva Tuduri
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claes-Goran Ostenson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and,Department of Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Timothy J. Kieffer
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kate Banks
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey E. Pessin
- Michael F. Price Center for Genetic and Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine and Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Herbert Y. Gaisano
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Zhao H, He Y, Ren YR, Chen BH. Corneal alteration and pathogenesis in diabetes mellitus. Int J Ophthalmol 2019; 12:1939-1950. [PMID: 31850180 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.12.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications have increased considerably worldwide. Diabetic keratopathy is the major complication of the cornea characterized by delayed corneal wound healing, decreasing corneal epithelial sensitivity, and recurrent corneal ulcers. There is accumulating evidence that diabetic keratopathy is correlated with the hyperglycemic state. Different corneal components may produce different alterations under hyperglycemia. In addition, diabetic nerve alteration may become a novel biomarker of early-stage DM. Abnormalities of the corneal nerve plexus have been associated with diabetic inflammatory states. There is rapidly growing evidence based on investigations of diabetic corneal nerves through in vivo confocal microscopy. Understanding the molecular pathogenesis caused by hyperglycemia may assist in the identification of novel biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets for early treatment. This review mainly summarizes recent findings on corneal alteration and pathogenesis in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yue-Rong Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bai-Hua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
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Diabetic complications in the cornea. Vision Res 2017; 139:138-152. [PMID: 28404521 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic corneal alterations, such as delayed epithelial wound healing, edema, recurrent erosions, neuropathy/loss of sensitivity, and tear film changes are frequent but underdiagnosed complications of both type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. The disease affects corneal epithelium, corneal nerves, tear film, and to a lesser extent, endothelium, and also conjunctiva. These abnormalities may appear or become exacerbated following trauma, as well as various surgeries including retinal, cataract or refractive. The focus of the review is on mechanisms of diabetic corneal abnormalities, available animal, tissue and organ culture models, and emerging treatments. Changes of basement membrane structure and wound healing rates, the role of various proteinases, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), abnormal growth and motility factors (including opioid, epidermal, and hepatocyte growth factors) are analyzed. Experimental therapeutics under development, including topical naltrexone, insulin, inhibitors of aldose reductase, and AGEs, as well as emerging gene and cell therapies are discussed in detail.
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Weller JM, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Kruse FE, Tourtas T. Splitting of the Recipient's Descemet Membrane in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty-Ultrastructure and Clinical Relevance. Am J Ophthalmol 2016; 172:1-6. [PMID: 27609713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), lamellar splitting of the Descemet membrane (DM) may occur during stripping of host DM, leaving residual DM on the recipient's DMEK interface. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence rate of lamellar splitting of DM during DMEK and to describe the ultrastructure of DM in these eyes. DESIGN Retrospective consecutive case series. METHODS setting: Institutional, single-center. PATIENT POPULATION Total of 664 eyes with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) scheduled for primary DMEK. INTERVENTION DMEK. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The incidence rate of lamellar DM splitting in the recipients' eyes; ultrastructural alterations of stripped DM specimens (transmission electron microscopy); preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central corneal thickness (CCT), and prevalence of diabetes mellitus. RESULTS Sixty-three of 664 eyes (9.5%) with FECD showed lamellar splitting of DM resulting in the dissociation of 2 separate layers. Transmission electron microscopy revealed accumulations of banded and wide-spaced collagen between the thicker posterior banded layer and the thin anterior banded layer, which is adhesive to the corneal stroma. Lamellar splitting occurred along these abnormal collagen inclusions, demarcating the borderline between both layers of DM. CONCLUSIONS Lamellar DM splitting occurs during DM stripping in almost 10% of eyes with FECD. This phenomenon appears to be caused by abnormal collagenous material deposits at the borderline between anterior and posterior layers of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Weller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | | | - Friedrich E Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Theofilos Tourtas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Influence of Ultrastructural Corneal Graft Abnormalities on the Outcome of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 2016; 169:58-67. [PMID: 27318075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate if ultrastructural alterations in the Descemet membrane (DM) are correlated with the clinical outcome after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS setting: Institutional, single-center. STUDY POPULATION One hundred and twelve residual DM specimens obtained after DM stripping. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of ultrastructural abnormalities in transmission electron microscopy, graft detachment rate, graft failure rate, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), and central corneal thickness (CCT). Examination dates were on the day before DMEK and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS Abnormalities in the ultrastructure of DM were found in 16 of 112 specimens (14%) (abnormal DM group), comprising deposits of long-spacing collagen, fine filaments (proteoglycans), a posterior collagenous layer, pseudoexfoliative material, and guttae. The secondary graft failure rate was significantly higher in the abnormal DM group compared with the normal DM group (P = .001). There was a trend for an increased graft detachment rate in the abnormal DM group (11/16) compared with the normal DM group (42/96) (P = .103). There was no significant difference in mean CCT and ECD after surgery. Mean CCT in the eyes with graft failure in the abnormal DM group at the last follow-up before regrafting was 850 μm, indicating endothelial failure with stromal edema. CONCLUSION This study reveals a correlation between ultrastructural alterations of DM in donor corneas and the graft failure rate after DMEK. Thus, graft failure after DMEK not only is determined by surgical trauma and postoperative events but may also be influenced by intrinsic, graft-specific features.
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Vianna LM, Stoeger CG, Galloway JD, Terry M, Cope L, Belfort R, Jun AS. Risk factors for eye bank preparation failure of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty tissue. Am J Ophthalmol 2015; 159:829-34.e2. [PMID: 25640409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the results of a single eye bank preparing a high volume of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) tissues using multiple technicians to provide an overview of the experience and to identify possible risk factors for DMEK preparation failure. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS setting: Lions VisionGift and Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins Hospital. STUDY POPULATION All 563 corneal tissues processed by technicians at Lions VisionGift for DMEK between October 2011 and May 2014 inclusive. OBSERVATION PROCEDURES Tissues were divided into 2 groups: DMEK preparation success and DMEK preparation failure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We compared donor characteristics, including past medical history. RESULTS The overall tissue preparation failure rate was 5.2%. Univariate analysis showed diabetes mellitus (P = .000028) and its duration (P = .023), hypertension (P = .021), and hyperlipidemia or obesity (P = .0004) were more common in the failure group. Multivariate analysis showed diabetes mellitus (P = .0001) and hyperlipidemia or obesity (P = .0142) were more common in the failure group. Elimination of tissues from donors either with diabetes or with hyperlipidemia or obesity reduced the failure rate from 5.2% to 2.2%. Trends toward lower failure rates occurring with increased technician experience also were found. CONCLUSIONS Our work showed that tissues from donors with diabetes mellitus (especially with longer disease duration) and hyperlipidemia or obesity were associated with higher failure rates in DMEK preparation. Elimination of tissues from donors either with diabetes mellitus or with hyperlipidemia or obesity reduced the failure rate. In addition, our data may provide useful initial guidelines and benchmark values for eye banks seeking to establish and maintain DMEK programs.
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Diabetes Mellitus Increases Risk of Unsuccessful Graft Preparation in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty. Cornea 2014; 33:1129-33. [DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Determination of collagen fibril size via absolute measurements of second-harmonic generation signals. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4920. [PMID: 25223385 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantification of collagen fibril size is a major issue for the investigation of pathological disorders associated with structural defects of the extracellular matrix. Second-harmonic generation microscopy is a powerful technique to characterize the macromolecular organization of collagen in unstained biological tissues. Nevertheless, due to the complex coherent building of this nonlinear optical signal, it has never been used to measure fibril diameter so far. Here we report absolute measurements of second-harmonic signals from isolated fibrils down to 30 nm diameter, via implementation of correlative second-harmonic-electron microscopy. Moreover, using analytical and numerical calculations, we demonstrate that the high sensitivity of this technique originates from the parallel alignment of collagen triple helices within fibrils and the subsequent constructive interferences of second-harmonic radiations. Finally, we use these absolute measurements as a calibration for ex vivo quantification of fibril diameter in the Descemet's membrane of a diabetic rat cornea.
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Kowalczuk L, Latour G, Bourges JL, Savoldelli M, Jeanny JC, Plamann K, Schanne-Klein MC, Behar-Cohen F. Multimodal Highlighting of Structural Abnormalities in Diabetic Rat and Human Corneas. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2013; 2:3. [PMID: 24049714 PMCID: PMC3763890 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.2.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to highlight structural corneal changes in a model of type 2 diabetes, using in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (CCM). The abnormalities were also characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy in rat and human corneas. METHODS Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were observed at age 12 weeks (n = 3) and 1 year (n = 6), and compared to age-matched controls. After in vivo CCM examination, TEM and SHG microscopy were used to characterize the ultrastructure and the three-dimensional organization of the abnormalities. Human corneas from diabetic (n = 3) and nondiabetic (n = 3) patients were also included in the study. RESULTS In the basal epithelium of GK rats, CCM revealed focal hyper-reflective areas, and histology showed proliferative cells with irregular basement membrane. In the anterior stroma, extracellular matrix modifications were detected by CCM and confirmed in histology. In the Descemet's membrane periphery of all the diabetic corneas, hyper-reflective deposits were highlighted using CCM and characterized as long-spacing collagen fibrils by TEM. SHG microscopy revealed these deposits with high contrast, allowing specific detection in diabetic human and rat corneas without preparation and characterization of their three-dimensional organization. CONCLUSION Pathologic findings were observed early in the development of diabetes in GK rats. Similar abnormalities have been found in corneas from diabetic patients. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE This multidisciplinary study highlights diabetes-induced corneal abnormalities in an animal model, but also in diabetic donors. This could constitute a potential early marker for diagnosis of hyperglycemia-induced tissue changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kowalczuk
- Laboratory of Applied Optics, ENSTA ParisTech - École Polytechnique – CNRS, chemin de la Hunière, Palaiseau cedex, France
- INSERM UMRS 872, Team17, Physiopathology of ocular diseases, therapeutic innovations, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, Paris, France
- Pierre et Marie Curie University, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, 1 place du Parvis Notre-Dame, Paris, France
| | - Gaël Latour
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique – CNRS – INSERM U696, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bourges
- INSERM UMRS 872, Team17, Physiopathology of ocular diseases, therapeutic innovations, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, Paris, France
- Pierre et Marie Curie University, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, 1 place du Parvis Notre-Dame, Paris, France
| | - Michèle Savoldelli
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, 1 place du Parvis Notre-Dame, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Jeanny
- INSERM UMRS 872, Team17, Physiopathology of ocular diseases, therapeutic innovations, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, Paris, France
- Pierre et Marie Curie University, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, 1 place du Parvis Notre-Dame, Paris, France
| | - Karsten Plamann
- Laboratory of Applied Optics, ENSTA ParisTech - École Polytechnique – CNRS, chemin de la Hunière, Palaiseau cedex, France
| | | | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- INSERM UMRS 872, Team17, Physiopathology of ocular diseases, therapeutic innovations, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, Paris, France
- Pierre et Marie Curie University, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'école de médecine, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, 1 place du Parvis Notre-Dame, Paris, France
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Latour G, Kowalczuk L, Savoldelli M, Bourges JL, Plamann K, Behar-Cohen F, Schanne-Klein MC. Hyperglycemia-induced abnormalities in rat and human corneas: the potential of second harmonic generation microscopy. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48388. [PMID: 23139780 PMCID: PMC3489670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy recently appeared as an efficient optical imaging technique to probe unstained collagen-rich tissues like cornea. Moreover, corneal remodeling occurs in many diseases and precise characterization requires overcoming the limitations of conventional techniques. In this work, we focus on diabetes, which affects hundreds of million people worldwide and most often leads to diabetic retinopathy, with no early diagnostic tool. This study then aims to establish the potential of SHG microscopy for in situ detection and characterization of hyperglycemia-induced abnormalities in the Descemet’s membrane, in the posterior cornea. Methodology/Principal Findings We studied corneas from age-matched control and Goto-Kakizaki rats, a spontaneous model of type 2 diabetes, and corneas from human donors with type 2 diabetes and without any diabetes. SHG imaging was compared to confocal microscopy, to histology characterization using conventional staining and transmitted light microscopy and to transmission electron microscopy. SHG imaging revealed collagen deposits in the Descemet’s membrane of unstained corneas in a unique way compared to these gold standard techniques in ophthalmology. It provided background-free images of the three-dimensional interwoven distribution of the collagen deposits, with improved contrast compared to confocal microscopy. It also provided structural capability in intact corneas because of its high specificity to fibrillar collagen, with substantially larger field of view than transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, in vivo SHG imaging was demonstrated in Goto-Kakizaki rats. Conclusions/Significance Our study shows unambiguously the high potential of SHG microscopy for three-dimensional characterization of structural abnormalities in unstained corneas. Furthermore, our demonstration of in vivo SHG imaging opens the way to long-term dynamical studies. This method should be easily generalized to other structural remodeling of the cornea and SHG microscopy should prove to be invaluable for in vivo corneal pathological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Latour
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM U696, Palaiseau, France
| | - Laura Kowalczuk
- Laboratory of Applied Optics, ENSTA ParisTech, École Polytechnique, CNRS, Palaiseau, France
- Team17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases, Therapeutic Innovations, INSERM UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu, Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Michèle Savoldelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu, Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bourges
- Department of Ophthalmology, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu, Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Karsten Plamann
- Laboratory of Applied Optics, ENSTA ParisTech, École Polytechnique, CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Team17: Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases, Therapeutic Innovations, INSERM UMRS 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, AP-HP Hôtel-Dieu, Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claire Schanne-Klein
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM U696, Palaiseau, France
- * E-mail:
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Edward DP, Bouhenni R. Anterior segment alterations and comparative aqueous humor proteomics in the buphthalmic rabbit (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis). TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2011; 109:66-114. [PMID: 22253484 PMCID: PMC3259673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To use an integrated proteohistologic approach to gain insight into the anterior segment alterations in the buphthalmic rabbit. METHODS Eyes from 2- and 5-year-old buphthalmic and normal rabbits (n=20) were studied histologically. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of aqueous humor (AH) was used to determine differential protein expression between animal groups. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were performed on selected differentially expressed proteins identified by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS The buphthalmic rabbits manifested a mild clinical phenotype with typical angle anomalies that appeared progressive by histology. Significantly thickened Descemet's membrane (DM) and anterior lens capsule in all buphthalmic rabbits showed increased fibronectin and collagen-IV immunolabeling. LC-MS/MS applying stringent filtering criteria revealed significant differential expression of several AH proteins in these rabbits. The protein of interest in the 2-year-old group was histidine-rich glycoprotein, and those in the 5-year-old group included alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, clusterin, apolipoprotein E, interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein, transthyretin, cochlin, gelsolin, haptoglobin, hemopexin, and beta-2 microglobulin. The proteomic data for selected proteins was validated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. A wide range of functional groups were affected by the altered AH proteins. These included extracellular matrix modulation, regulation of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and protein transport. CONCLUSIONS Multiple anterior segment alterations were histologically identified in the buphthalmic rabbits that showed progressive changes with age. The differentially expressed AH proteins in these rabbits suggest a multifunctional role for AH in modulating pathologic changes in DM, anterior lens capsule, and the angular meshwork in these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak P Edward
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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