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Pour PM, Yegdaneh A, Aghaei M, Kazemi F, Ghanadian M. Mitochondrial Pro-Apoptotic Properties of Sinularia compressa from Persian Gulf against Breast Cancer Cells and Its Chemical Composition. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:2276-2290. [PMID: 34825856 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2007961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Locals in the Persian Gulf islands traditionally use Sinularia compressa to treat cancer. Therefore, this study deals with the cytotoxic activity of the soft coral Sinularia compressa chloroform extract (SCE), its pro-apoptotic activity, and the determination of its secondary metabolites. Cytotoxicity was done against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 and MCF‑10A cells. Apoptosis induction was checked by flow cytometry. The DCFDA and JC-1 probes were used to assess the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Caspase-9, Bax, and Bcl-2 proteins were determined with ELISA Kit, and by western blot analysis. SCE exhibited cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 32.51 ± 0.70 μg/ml against MCF-7, and 8.53 ± 0.97 μg/ml against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. The induction of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway was found by ROS generation, attenuation of Bcl-2 and induction of Bax proteins. It was supported by activation of caspase-9, increased apoptotic cells, as well as decrease of ΔΨm. In the acute toxicity, there was no detectable sign of hepatic or renal toxicity in the SCE 100 mg/kg. GC mass and NMR identified bioactive compounds as one monoterpene, one sesquiterpene, five fatty acids, one phthalate, and two steroidal compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Mohammadi Pour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Yegdaneh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R, Iran.,Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R, Iran
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Elias ST, Macedo CCS, Simeoni LA, Silveira D, Magalhães PO, Lofrano-Porto A, Coletta RD, Neves FAR, Guerra ENS. Cytotoxic effect of Erythroxylum daphnites extract is associated with G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Cycle 2017; 15:948-56. [PMID: 26918580 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1151583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived molecules showing antineoplastic effects have recently gained increased attention as potential adjuvants to traditional therapies for various cancers. Cerrado biome in Brazil contains high floral biodiversity, but knowledge about the potential therapeutic effects of compounds derived from that flora is still limited. The present study investigated the antineoplastic activity of Erythroxylum daphnites Mart., a Brazilian native plant from Cerrado biome, in the SCC-9 oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Cells were treated with various concentrations of hexane extract of Erythroxylum daphnites leaves (EDH) and assessed for cytotoxicity, proliferation, and apoptosis. Thin layer chromatography was conducted to characterize the substances present in EDH. Our results showed that EDH exerted anti-proliferative effects in SCC-9 cells by stabilizing the cell cycle at G1 phase in association with reduced intracellular levels of cyclins D and E and increased level of p21. EDH also demonstrated pro-apoptotic properties, as shown by an increased expression of caspase-3. Triterpenes were the major constituents of EDH. Our findings demonstrated a cytotoxic effect of EDH against SCC-9 cells in vitro mediated by the restraint of cellular proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Taken together, these findings support EDH constituents as potential therapeutic adjuvants for oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia T Elias
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Carolina C S Macedo
- b Faculty of Dentistry, University of Campinas , Piracicaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Luiz A Simeoni
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Dâmaris Silveira
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Pérola O Magalhães
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília , Brasília , Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo D Coletta
- b Faculty of Dentistry, University of Campinas , Piracicaba , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Eliete N S Guerra
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília , Brasília , Brazil
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Sun H, Liu F, Feng MR, Peng Q, Liao XJ, Liu TT, Zhang J, Xu SH. Isolation of a new cytotoxic polyhydroxysterol from the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia sp. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:2819-2824. [PMID: 27043148 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1166495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A new polyhydroxysterol, (22E)-24-methylenecholestane-22-ene-3β,5α,6β-triol (1), together with four known analogues (2-5) were isolated from the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia sp. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and comparison with previously reported data. All these compounds exhibited cytotoxic effect against both HepG2 and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 8.36 to 37.30 μM. Preliminary structure-activity relationship study identified that the presence of double bonds in the side chains of these polyhydroxysterols significantly reduced the biological effect obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Sun
- a Department of Chemistry , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Fen Liu
- a Department of Chemistry , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ran Feng
- a Department of Chemistry , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Qi Peng
- a Department of Chemistry , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jian Liao
- a Department of Chemistry , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- a Department of Chemistry , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- b College of Science and Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Shi-Hai Xu
- a Department of Chemistry , Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
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Nguyen TT, Parat MO, Hodson MP, Pan J, Shaw PN, Hewavitharana AK. Chemical Characterization and in Vitro Cytotoxicity on Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells of Carica papaya Leaf Extracts. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 8:toxins8010007. [PMID: 26712788 PMCID: PMC4728529 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In traditional medicine, Carica papaya leaf has been used for a wide range of therapeutic applications including skin diseases and cancer. In this study, we investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Carica papaya leaves on the human oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cell line in parallel with non-cancerous human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Two out of four extracts showed a significantly selective effect towards the cancer cells and were found to contain high levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The chromatographic and mass spectrometric profiles of the extracts obtained with Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry were used to tentatively identify the bioactive compounds using comparative analysis. The principal compounds identified were flavonoids or flavonoid glycosides, particularly compounds from the kaempferol and quercetin families, of which several have previously been reported to possess anticancer activities. These results confirm that papaya leaf is a potential source of anticancer compounds and warrant further scientific investigation to validate the traditional use of papaya leaf to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao T Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Marie-Odile Parat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Mark P Hodson
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
- Metabolomics Australia, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Jenny Pan
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Paul N Shaw
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Guha G, Lu W, Li S, Liang X, Kulesz-Martin MF, Mahmud T, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G. Novel Pactamycin Analogs Induce p53 Dependent Cell-Cycle Arrest at S-Phase in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125322. [PMID: 25938491 PMCID: PMC4418703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pactamycin, although putatively touted as a potent antitumor agent, has never been used as an anticancer drug due to its high cytotoxicity. In this study, we characterized the effects of two novel biosynthetically engineered analogs of pactamycin, de-6MSA-7-demethyl-7-deoxypactamycin (TM-025) and 7-demethyl-7-deoxypactamycin (TM-026), in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines SCC25 and SCC104. Both TM-025 and TM-026 exert growth inhibitory effects on HNSCC cells by inhibiting cell proliferation. Interestingly, unlike their parent compound pactamycin, the analogs do not inhibit synthesis of nascent protein in a cell-based assay. Furthermore, they do not induce apoptosis or autophagy in a dose- or a time-dependent manner, but induce mild senescence in the tested cell lines. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that both analogs significantly induce cell cycle arrest of the HNSCC cells at S-phase resulting in reduced accumulation of G2/M-phase cells. The pactamycin analogs induce expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins including master regulator p53, its downstream target p21Cip1/WAF1, p27kip21, p19, cyclin E, total and phospho Cdc2 (Tyr15) and Cdc25C. Besides, the analogs mildly reduce cyclin D1 expression without affecting expression of cyclin B, Cdk2 and Cdk4. Specific inhibition of p53 by pifithrin-α reduces the percentage of cells accumulated in S-phase, suggesting contribution of p53 to S-phase increase. Altogether, our results demonstrate that Pactamycin analogs TM-025 and TM-026 induce senescence and inhibit proliferation of HNSCC cells via accumulation in S-phase through possible contribution of p53. The two PCT analogs can be widely used as research tools for cell cycle inhibition studies in proliferating cancer cells with specific mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Guha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Wanli Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Xiaobo Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Molly F. Kulesz-Martin
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Taifo Mahmud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Arup Kumar Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GGI); (AKI)
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GGI); (AKI)
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Su TR, Lin JJ, Chiu CC, Chen JYF, Su JH, Cheng ZJ, Hwang WI, Huang HH, Wu YJ. Proteomic investigation of anti-tumor activities exerted by sinularin against A2058 melanoma cells. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1139-52. [PMID: 22539317 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The extracts from soft corals have been increasingly investigated for biomedical and therapeutic purposes. The aim of this study is to examine and analyze the anti-tumor effects of the genus Sinularia extract sinularin on A2058 melanoma cells using MTT assay, cell migration assay, wound healing assay, flow cytometric analysis, and proteomic analysis. Sinularin dose-dependently (1-5 μg/mL) inhibited melanoma cell proliferation while the treatment at identical concentrations suppressed cell migration. Sinularin dose-dependently enhanced apoptotic melanoma cells and caused tumor cell accumulation at G2/M phase, indicating that sinularin exerts apoptosis-induced and cell cycle-delayed activities in A2058 melanoma cells. Comparative proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of sinularin at the molecular level by comparison between the protein profiling of melanoma cells treated with sinularin and without the treatment. Thirty-five differential proteins (13 upregulated and 22 downregulated) concerning the treatment were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Proteomic data and Western blot displayed the levels of several tumor inhibitory or apoptosis-associated proteins including annexin A1, voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 and prohibitin (upregulated), heat shock protein 60, heat shock protein beta-1, and peroxiredoxin-2 (downregulated) in A2058 melanoma cells exposed to sinularin. Increased expression of p53, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-8, cleaved-caspase-9, p21, and Bax and decreased expression of Bcl-2 in sinularin-treated melanoma cells suggest that the anti-tumor activities of sinularin against melanoma cells are particularly correlated with these pro-apoptotic factors. These data provide important information for the mechanisms of anti-tumor effects of sinularin on melanoma cells and may be helpful for drug development and progression monitoring of human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Rong Su
- Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
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Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate produced by marine Bacillus pumilus MB 40. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 195:133-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Biopotential of secondary metabolites isolated from marine sponge Dendrilla nigra. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(11)60071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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