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Mazumder S, Bindu S, De R, Debsharma S, Pramanik S, Bandyopadhyay U. Emerging role of mitochondrial DAMPs, aberrant mitochondrial dynamics and anomalous mitophagy in gut mucosal pathogenesis. Life Sci 2022; 305:120753. [PMID: 35787999 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gastroduodenal inflammation and ulcerative injuries are increasing due to expanding socio-economic stress, unhealthy food habits-lifestyle, smoking, alcoholism and usage of medicines like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In fact, gastrointestinal (GI) complications, associated with the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, further, poses a challenge to global healthcare towards safeguarding the GI tract. Emerging evidences have discretely identified mitochondrial dysfunctions as common etiological denominators in diseases. However, it is worth realizing that mitochondrial dysfunctions are not just consequences of diseases. Rather, damaged mitochondria severely aggravate the pathogenesis thereby qualifying as perpetrable factors worth of prophylactic and therapeutic targeting. Oxidative and nitrosative stress due to endogenous and exogenous stimuli triggers mitochondrial injury causing production of mitochondrial damage associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), which, in a feed-forward loop, inflicts inflammatory tissue damage. Mitochondrial structural dynamics and mitophagy are crucial quality control parameters determining the extent of mitopathology and disease outcomes. Interestingly, apart from endogenous factors, mitochondria also crosstalk and in turn get detrimentally affected by gut pathobionts colonized during luminal dysbiosis. Although mitopathology is documented in various pre-clinical/clinical studies, a comprehensive account appreciating the mitochondrial basis of GI mucosal pathologies is largely lacking. Here we critically discuss the molecular events impinging on mitochondria along with the interplay of mitochondria-derived factors in fueling mucosal pathogenesis. We specifically emphasize on the potential role of aberrant mitochondrial dynamics, anomalous mitophagy, mitochondrial lipoxidation and ferroptosis as emerging regulators of GI mucosal pathogenesis. We finally discuss about the prospect of mitochondrial targeting for next-generation drug discovery against GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Mazumder
- Department of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, 1 Acharya Dhruba Pal Road, Uttarpara, West Bengal 712258, India
| | - Samik Bindu
- Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal 736101, India
| | - Rudranil De
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700135, India
| | - Subhashis Debsharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Saikat Pramanik
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Uday Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India; Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700091, India.
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Silva FRD, Guerreiro RDC, Andrade HDA, Stieler E, Silva A, de Mello MT. Does the compromised sleep and circadian disruption of night and shiftworkers make them highly vulnerable to 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)? Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:607-617. [PMID: 32432519 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1756841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rotating and permanent night shiftwork schedules typically result in acute and sometimes chronic sleep deprivation plus acute and sometimes chronic disruption of the circadian time structure. Immune system processes and functionalities are organized as circadian rhythms, and they are also strongly influenced by sleep status. Sleep is a vital behavioral state of living beings and a modulator of immune function and responsiveness. Shiftworkers show increased risk for developing viral infections due to possible compromise of both innate and acquired immunity responses. Short sleep and sleep loss, common consequences of shiftwork, are associated with altered integrity of the immune system. We discuss the possible excess risk for COVID-19 infection in the context of the common conditions among shiftworkers, including nurses, doctors, and first responders, among others of high exposure to the contagion, of sleep imbalance and circadian disruption. ABBREVIATIONS ACE2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; APC: Antigen.-presenting .cells; CCL: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand; CD+: .Adhesion molecule expression; COVID-19: 2019 coronavirus disease; DCs: Dendritic cells; GH: Growth hormone; HPA: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; HSF: Heat shock factor; HSP70: Heat shock protein 70; HSP90: Heat shock protein 90; IL: Interleukin; INFγ: Interferon-gamma; LT/LB: T/B lymphocytes; MHC: Major histocompatibility complex; NK: Natural .killer; RAAS: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; SARS: .Severe acute respiratory syndrome; SCN: Suprachiasmatic nucleus;SD: Sleep deprivation; SNS: Sympathetic nervous system; Th1/Th2: T helper lymphocytes 1/2; TLR2/TLR4: Toll-like receptor 2/4; TNF-α: Tumor .necrosis .factor alpha; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eduardo Stieler
- Department of Sports, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andressa Silva
- Department of Sports, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco Túlio de Mello
- Department of Sports, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Beyond Heat Stress: Intestinal Integrity Disruption and Mechanism-Based Intervention Strategies. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030734. [PMID: 32168808 PMCID: PMC7146479 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current climate changes have increased the prevalence and intensity of heat stress (HS) conditions. One of the initial consequences of HS is the impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity due to hyperthermia and hypoxia following blood repartition, which often results in a leaky gut followed by penetration and transfer of luminal antigens, endotoxins, and pathogenic bacteria. Under extreme conditions, HS may culminate in the onset of “heat stroke”, a potential lethal condition if remaining untreated. HS-induced alterations of the gastrointestinal epithelium, which is associated with a leaky gut, are due to cellular oxidative stress, disruption of intestinal integrity, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review summarizes the possible resilience mechanisms based on in vitro and in vivo data and the potential interventions with a group of nutritional supplements, which may increase the resilience to HS-induced intestinal integrity disruption and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
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Teng Y, Liu X, Han B, Ma Q, Liu Y, Kong H, Lv Y, Mao F, Cheng P, Hao C, Yang S, Zhang J, Peng L, Zou Q, Zhuang Y. Helicobacter pylori-downregulated tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 mediates apoptosis of human gastric epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15698-15707. [PMID: 30710368 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are crucial proteins in maintaining the homeostasis of human gastric epithelial cells. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), a member of the HSP90 family, has been shown to be involved in various crucial physiological processes, particularly against apoptosis. However, the regulation and function of TRAP1 in Helicobacter pylori infection is still unknown. Here, we found that TRAP1 expression was downregulated on human gastric epithelial cells during H. pylori infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analysis. Through virulence factors mutant H. pylori strains infection and inhibitors screening, we found that H. pylori vacuolating cytotoxin A ( vacA), but not cytotoxin-associated gene A ( cagA) protein, induced human gastric epithelial cells to downregulate TRAP1 via P38MAPK pathway by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. Furthermore, downregulation of TRAP1 with lentivirus carrying TRAP1 short hairpin RNA constructs impairs mitochondrial function, and increases apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells. The results indicate that H. pylori vacA downregulated TRAP1 is involved in the regulation of gastric epithelial cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Teng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan, China
| | - Bin Han
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yugang Liu
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Kong
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yipin Lv
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangyuan Mao
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanjie Hao
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liusheng Peng
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- National Engineering Research Centre of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Heat shock proteins in infection. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 498:90-100. [PMID: 31437446 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are constitutively expressed under physiological conditions in most organisms but their expression can significantly enhance in response to four types of stimuli including physical (e.g., radiation or heat shock), chemical and microbial (e.g., pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi) stimuli, and also dietary. These proteins were identified for their role in protecting cells from high temperature and other forms of stress. HSPs control physiological activities or virulence through interaction with various regulators of cellular signaling pathways. Several roles were determined for HSPs in the immune system including intracellular roles (e.g., antigen presentation and expression of innate receptors) as well as extracellular roles (e.g., tumor immunosurveillance and autoimmunity). It was observed that exogenously administered HSPs induced various immune responses in immunotherapy of cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity. Moreover, virus interaction with HSPs as molecular chaperones showed important roles in regulating viral infections including cell entry and nuclear import, viral replication and gene expression, folding/assembly of viral protein, apoptosis regulation, and host immunity. Viruses could regulate host HSPs at different levels such as transcription, translation, post-translational modification and cellular localization. In this review, we attempt to overview the roles of HSPs in a variety of infectious diseases.
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Gonciarz W, Matusiak A, Rudnicka K, Rechciński T, Chałubiński M, Czkwianianc E, Broncel M, Gajewski A, Chmiela M. Autoantibodies to a specific peptide epitope of human Hsp60 (ATVLA) with homology to Helicobacter pylori HspB in H. pylori-infected patients. APMIS 2019; 127:139-149. [PMID: 30746790 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) may initiate autoimmunity as a result of molecular mimicry. The aim of this study was to compare the level of IgG antibodies to a specific epitope (P1 peptide) of human heat shock protein (Hsp)60 homologous to Hp Hsp60 (HspB) in the sera of healthy donors (HD), patients with Hp-related gastritis or coronary heart disease (CHD), uninfected or with Hp infection confirmed by rapid urease test, histological examination (dyspeptic patients) the 13 C urea breath test (13 C UBT), and anti-Hp antibodies (healthy donors, CHD patients). The Anti-P1 IgG induction by Hp was verified by adsorption of sera with these bacteria and by experimental immunization of Caviae porcellus with Hp. Cytokine secretion by THP-1Blue™ monocytes in response to P1 was also assessed. Anti-P1 antibodies were detected in patients with gastritis or CHD infected with Hp and they were not found in uninfected individuals or asymptomatic carriers. No antibodies were raised against P2 in any group. Reduced cross-reactivity to P1 was exhibited by sera adsorbed with Hp. Caviae porcellus infected with Hp produced anti-P1 autoantibodies. THP-1XBlue™ monocytes responded to P1 by production of proinflammatory cytokines. Autoantibodies against P1 in Hp-positive patients with gastritis or CHD and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines by P1 may contribute to the pathogenesis of Hp infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Gonciarz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Matusiak
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Rudnicka
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rechciński
- Department of Cardiology Biegański Regional Speciality Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Maciej Chałubiński
- Clinic of Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergy of the Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Czkwianianc
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pediatrics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Łódź, Poland
| | - Marlena Broncel
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Biegański Regional Speciality Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Adrian Gajewski
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chmiela
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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