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Rentzeperis F, Rivera D, Zhang JY, Brown C, Young T, Rodriguez B, Schupper A, Price G, Gomberg J, Williams T, Bouras A, Hadjipanayis C. Recent Developments in Magnetic Hyperthermia Therapy (MHT) and Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) in the Brain Tumor Field: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:559. [PMID: 38793132 PMCID: PMC11123314 DOI: 10.3390/mi15050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) is a promising treatment modality for brain tumors using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) locally delivered to the tumor and activated with an external alternating magnetic field (AMF) to generate antitumor effects through localized heating. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an emerging technology offering strong signal-to-noise for nanoparticle localization. A scoping review was performed by systematically querying Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase. In total, 251 articles were returned, 12 included. Articles were analyzed for nanoparticle type used, MHT parameters, and MPI applications. Preliminary results show that MHT is an exciting treatment modality with unique advantages over current heat-based therapies for brain cancer. Effective application relies on the further development of unique magnetic nanoparticle constructs and imaging modalities, such as MPI, that can enable real-time MNP imaging for improved therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederika Rentzeperis
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (F.R.); (D.R.); (J.Y.Z.); (C.B.); (T.Y.); (G.P.); (J.G.)
- Sinai BioDesign, Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Daniel Rivera
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (F.R.); (D.R.); (J.Y.Z.); (C.B.); (T.Y.); (G.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Jack Y. Zhang
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (F.R.); (D.R.); (J.Y.Z.); (C.B.); (T.Y.); (G.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Cole Brown
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (F.R.); (D.R.); (J.Y.Z.); (C.B.); (T.Y.); (G.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Tirone Young
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (F.R.); (D.R.); (J.Y.Z.); (C.B.); (T.Y.); (G.P.); (J.G.)
- Sinai BioDesign, Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Benjamin Rodriguez
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (F.R.); (D.R.); (J.Y.Z.); (C.B.); (T.Y.); (G.P.); (J.G.)
- Sinai BioDesign, Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Alexander Schupper
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Gabrielle Price
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (F.R.); (D.R.); (J.Y.Z.); (C.B.); (T.Y.); (G.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Jack Gomberg
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (F.R.); (D.R.); (J.Y.Z.); (C.B.); (T.Y.); (G.P.); (J.G.)
| | - Tyree Williams
- Sinai BioDesign, Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Alexandros Bouras
- Brain Tumor Nanotechnology Laboratory, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA;
| | - Constantinos Hadjipanayis
- Brain Tumor Nanotechnology Laboratory, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA;
- Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Slika H, Karimov Z, Alimonti P, Abou-Mrad T, De Fazio E, Alomari S, Tyler B. Preclinical Models and Technologies in Glioblastoma Research: Evolution, Current State, and Future Avenues. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16316. [PMID: 38003507 PMCID: PMC10671665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary central nervous system tumor and one of the most debilitating cancers. The prognosis of patients with glioblastoma remains poor, and the management of this tumor, both in its primary and recurrent forms, remains suboptimal. Despite the tremendous efforts that are being put forward by the research community to discover novel efficacious therapeutic agents and modalities, no major paradigm shifts have been established in the field in the last decade. However, this does not mirror the abundance of relevant findings and discoveries made in preclinical glioblastoma research. Hence, developing and utilizing appropriate preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate the characteristics and behavior of human glioblastoma is of utmost importance. Herein, we offer a holistic picture of the evolution of preclinical models of glioblastoma. We further elaborate on the commonly used in vitro and vivo models, delving into their development, favorable characteristics, shortcomings, and areas of potential improvement, which aids researchers in designing future experiments and utilizing the most suitable models. Additionally, this review explores progress in the fields of humanized and immunotolerant mouse models, genetically engineered animal models, 3D in vitro models, and microfluidics and highlights promising avenues for the future of preclinical glioblastoma research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Slika
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Ziya Karimov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Paolo Alimonti
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Tatiana Abou-Mrad
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon;
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Emerson De Fazio
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Safwan Alomari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
| | - Betty Tyler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (H.S.); (Z.K.); (S.A.)
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Alam MT, Ali MS, Goel H, Singh J, Chatterjee B, Bose S, Hadda V, Chopra A. Expression Profile, Molecular Association, and Clinical Significance of POLD4 in Glioblastoma. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3753-3765. [PMID: 37543966 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01393-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The POLD4 gene encodes a subunit (δ4) of DNA polymerase delta, which is a key enzyme involved in DNA replication and repair. Recent studies have suggested that POLD4 plays a crucial role in developing certain cancers. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the role of POLD4 in the context of glioblastoma (GBM). Therefore, in this study we have used various cancer bioinformatics tools to explore the role of POLD4 in glioblastoma. Data from various sources were accessed to analyze POLD4 gene expression and estimate tumor-infiltrating immune cells in glioblastoma. Methylation data were retrieved using the MEXPRESS web browser and analyzed. UALCAN webserver was used to analyze the protein expression of POLD4. Gene correlation and pathway enrichment analysis were performed using cBioPortal and GSEA software, respectively. Afterward, survival analysis was performed. POLD4 was significantly upregulated in glioblastoma at both gene and protein levels in GBM, and ROC curve analysis revealed it as a potential biomarker in glioblastoma. GSEA analysis of TCGA-GBM pan-cancer study exhibited that POLD4 expression was associated with critical pathways, such as interferon-gamma response, G2M checkpoint, inflammatory response, E2F targets, EMT transition, and KRAS signaling pathways. Furthermore, POLD4 expression was positively correlated with DNA methylation at 3 CpG sites, including Cg16509978, with a Pearson correlation coefficient value of 0.398 (p-value ≤ 0.01), while the promoter region had a positive correlation but was not significant. In addition, POLD4 is significantly linked with poor OS, PFS, and DFS. We also found association of POLD4 expression with altered immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, POLD4 is significantly upregulated in glioblastoma and may be used as a potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for GBM patients. However, to establish the same a large cohort study is needed. Using TCGA data and various cancer bioinformatics tools mentioned above we observed very high level of gene and protein expression of POLD4 in glioblastoma patients. The expression of POLD4 was significantly correlated with inflammatory and oncogenic pathways and it also has a significant correlation with adverse outcome in patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tanjim Alam
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-IICB Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CN-6, Salt Lake, Sector - V, Kolkata, WB, 700091, India
| | - Mohammad Shadab Ali
- Laboratory Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, AIIMS, 3rd Floor New Private Ward, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Harsh Goel
- Laboratory Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Jay Singh
- Laboratory Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Bilash Chatterjee
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-IICB Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CN-6, Salt Lake, Sector - V, Kolkata, WB, 700091, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Subhankar Bose
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-IICB Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CN-6, Salt Lake, Sector - V, Kolkata, WB, 700091, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Vijay Hadda
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, AIIMS, 3rd Floor New Private Ward, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Anita Chopra
- Laboratory Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Pei CZ, Choi BC, Park JH, Park HY, Paek J, Lee KJ, Yun BS, Kim YJ, Baek KH. Cellular Functions of High-Temperature Requirement Factor A4 in Placenta. Cells 2023; 12:1459. [PMID: 37296580 PMCID: PMC10252923 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of High-temperature requirement factor A4 (HtrA4) mRNA is significantly lower in the chorionic villi of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) than in the control group. We conducted an investigation into the cellular functions of HtrA4 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and shRNA-HtrA4 to create knockout BeWo cells and HtrA4 knockdown JEG3 cells. Our results indicated that the knockout BeWo cells exhibited reduced capacity for invasion and fusion, but increased levels of proliferation and migration, with a significantly shortened cell cycle compared to wild-type cells. Wild-type BeWo cells highly expressed cell invasion- and fusion-related factors, while knockout BeWo cells highly expressed migration-, proliferation-, and cell cycle-related factors. The shRNA-HtrA4 JEG3 cells showed a decreased capacity for invasion, but an increased capacity for migration, accompanied by a decrease in the expression of cell invasion-related factors and an increase in migration-related factors. Moreover, our ELISA results revealed that the serum HtrA4 level was lower in patients with RPL than in the controls. These findings suggest that HtrA4 depletion may be associated with placental dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Zhu Pei
- Department of Biomedical Science, Cell and Gene Therapy Research Institute, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (C.-Z.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Bum-Chae Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CL Women’s Hospital, Gwangju 61917, Republic of Korea; (B.-C.C.); (H.Y.P.)
| | - Jun-Hyeok Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Cell and Gene Therapy Research Institute, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (C.-Z.P.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Hyo Young Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CL Women’s Hospital, Gwangju 61917, Republic of Korea; (B.-C.C.); (H.Y.P.)
| | - Jinyoung Paek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gangnam CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul 06135, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyung-Ju Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bo-Seong Yun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ilsan CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul 06135, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Woman’s University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, Cell and Gene Therapy Research Institute, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (C.-Z.P.); (J.-H.P.)
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Li W, Liu J, Ji L, Tang Y, Qin J, Zhao H, Cheng X, Tian M, Jin G, He H. MiR-674-5p Suppresses the Proliferation and Migration of Glioma Cells by Targeting Cul4b. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:679-691. [PMID: 34779995 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumors. Despite the considerable advances in GBM treatment, it is still one of the most lethal forms of brain tumor. New clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets are immediately required. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNAs and have emerged as the key regulators of many cancers. Here in this study, we showed that miR-674-5p was probably an important regulator of glioma cell growth. After the transfection with miR-674-5p mimic or inhibitor, we found that the expression level of miR-674-5p was negatively related with cell proliferation and migration in C6 cells. Based on the prediction of the target genes of miR-674-5p on the website, we chose Cullin 4B (Cul4b), a gene upregulated in GBM, and proved that it was a target of miR-674-5p. In addition, we explored the role of miR-674-5p in glioma growth in vivo. Taken together, the present study indicated that miR-674-5p suppressed glioma cell proliferation and migration by targeting Cul4b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ji
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Qin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyan Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Tian
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui He
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Barrette AM, Ronk H, Joshi T, Mussa Z, Mehrotra M, Bouras A, Nudelman G, Jesu Raj JG, Bozec D, Lam W, Houldsworth J, Yong R, Zaslavsky E, Hadjipanayis CG, Birtwistle MR, Tsankova NM. Anti-invasive efficacy and survival benefit of the YAP-TEAD inhibitor Verteporfin in preclinical glioblastoma models. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:694-707. [PMID: 34657158 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) remains a largely incurable disease as current therapy fails to target the invasive nature of GBM growth in disease progression and recurrence. Here we use the FDA-approved drug and small molecule Hippo inhibitor Verteporfin to target YAP-TEAD activity, known to mediate convergent aspects of tumor invasion/metastasis, and assess the drug's efficacy and survival benefit in GBM models. METHODS Up to eight low-passage patient-derived GBM cell lines with distinct genomic drivers, including three primary/recurrent pairs, were treated with Verteporfin or vehicle to assess in-vitro effects on proliferation, migration, YAP-TEAD activity, and transcriptomics. Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models (PDX) were used to assess Verteporfin's brain penetrance and effects on tumor burden and survival. RESULTS Verteporfin treatment disturbed YAP/TAZ-TEAD activity; disrupted transcriptome signatures related to invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal, and proneural-to-mesenchymal transition, phenocopying TEAD1-knockout effects; and impaired tumor migration/invasion dynamics across primary and recurrent GBM lines. In an aggressive orthotopic PDX GBM model, short-term Verteporfin treatment consistently diminished core and infiltrative tumor burden, which was associated with decreased tumor expression of Ki67, nuclear YAP, TEAD1, and TEAD-associated targets EGFR, CDH2 and ITGB1. Finally, long-term Verteporfin treatment appeared non-toxic and conferred survival benefit compared to vehicle in two PDX models: as monotherapy in primary (de-novo) GBM and in combination with Temozolomide chemoradiation in recurrent GBM, where VP treatment associated with increased MGMT methylation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate combined anti-invasive and anti-proliferative efficacy for Verteporfin with survival benefit in preclinical GBM models, indicating potential therapeutic value of this already FDA-approved drug if repurposed for glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Barrette
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Halle Ronk
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tanvi Joshi
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zarmeen Mussa
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meenakshi Mehrotra
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandros Bouras
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - German Nudelman
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joe G Jesu Raj
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominique Bozec
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - William Lam
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jane Houldsworth
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raymund Yong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elena Zaslavsky
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Marc R Birtwistle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Nadejda M Tsankova
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Sorokin M, Raevskiy M, Zottel A, Šamec N, Skoblar Vidmar M, Matjašič A, Zupan A, Mlakar J, Suntsova M, Kuzmin DV, Buzdin A, Jovčevska I. Large-Scale Transcriptomics-Driven Approach Revealed Overexpression of CRNDE as a Poor Survival Prognosis Biomarker in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3419. [PMID: 34298634 PMCID: PMC8303503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant brain malignancy worldwide, with a 10-year survival of only 0.7%. Aggressive multimodal treatment is not enough to increase life expectancy and provide good quality of life for glioblastoma patients. In addition, despite decades of research, there are no established biomarkers for early disease diagnosis and monitoring of patient response to treatment. High throughput sequencing technologies allow for the identification of unique molecules from large clinically annotated datasets. Thus, the aim of our study was to identify significant molecular changes between short- and long-term glioblastoma survivors by transcriptome RNA sequencing profiling, followed by differential pathway-activation-level analysis. We used data from the publicly available repositories The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; number of annotated cases = 135) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA; number of annotated cases = 218), and experimental clinically annotated glioblastoma tissue samples from the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Ljubljana corresponding to 2-58 months overall survival (n = 16). We found one differential gene for long noncoding RNA CRNDE whose overexpression showed correlation to poor patient OS. Moreover, we identified overlapping sets of congruently regulated differential genes involved in cell growth, division, and migration, structure and dynamics of extracellular matrix, DNA methylation, and regulation through noncoding RNAs. Gene ontology analysis can provide additional information about the function of protein- and nonprotein-coding genes of interest and the processes in which they are involved. In the future, this can shape the design of more targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Sorokin
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Subgroup, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (D.V.K.)
| | - Mikhail Raevskiy
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (D.V.K.)
| | - Alja Zottel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.)
| | - Neja Šamec
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.)
| | | | - Alenka Matjašič
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.M.); (A.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Andrej Zupan
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.M.); (A.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Jernej Mlakar
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.M.); (A.Z.); (J.M.)
| | - Maria Suntsova
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Denis V. Kuzmin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (D.V.K.)
| | - Anton Buzdin
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Subgroup, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (D.V.K.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- OmicsWay Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA
| | - Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.Z.); (N.Š.)
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Kim Y, Varn FS, Park SH, Yoon BW, Park HR, Lee C, Verhaak RGW, Paek SH. Perspective of mesenchymal transformation in glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:50. [PMID: 33762019 PMCID: PMC7992784 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite aggressive multimodal treatment, glioblastoma (GBM), a grade IV primary brain tumor, still portends a poor prognosis with a median overall survival of 12–16 months. The complexity of GBM treatment mainly lies in the inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity, which largely contributes to the treatment-refractory and recurrent nature of GBM. By paving the road towards the development of personalized medicine for GBM patients, the cancer genome atlas classification scheme of GBM into distinct transcriptional subtypes has been considered an invaluable approach to overcoming this heterogeneity. Among the identified transcriptional subtypes, the mesenchymal subtype has been found associated with more aggressive, invasive, angiogenic, hypoxic, necrotic, inflammatory, and multitherapy-resistant features than other transcriptional subtypes. Accordingly, mesenchymal GBM patients were found to exhibit worse prognosis than other subtypes when patients with high transcriptional heterogeneity were excluded. Furthermore, identification of the master mesenchymal regulators and their downstream signaling pathways has not only increased our understanding of the complex regulatory transcriptional networks of mesenchymal GBM, but also has generated a list of potent inhibitors for clinical trials. Importantly, the mesenchymal transition of GBM has been found to be tightly associated with treatment-induced phenotypic changes in recurrence. Together, these findings indicate that elucidating the governing and plastic transcriptomic natures of mesenchymal GBM is critical in order to develop novel and selective therapeutic strategies that can improve both patient care and clinical outcomes. Thus, the focus of our review will be on the recent advances in the understanding of the transcriptome of mesenchymal GBM and discuss microenvironmental, metabolic, and treatment-related factors as critical components through which the mesenchymal signature may be acquired. We also take into consideration the transcriptomic plasticity of GBM to discuss the future perspectives in employing selective therapeutic strategies against mesenchymal GBM.
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Girolamo F, de Trizio I, Errede M, Longo G, d'Amati A, Virgintino D. Neural crest cell-derived pericytes act as pro-angiogenic cells in human neocortex development and gliomas. Fluids Barriers CNS 2021; 18:14. [PMID: 33743764 PMCID: PMC7980348 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-021-00242-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system diseases involving the parenchymal microvessels are frequently associated with a ‘microvasculopathy’, which includes different levels of neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction, including blood–brain barrier alterations. To contribute to the understanding of NVU responses to pathological noxae, we have focused on one of its cellular components, the microvascular pericytes, highlighting unique features of brain pericytes with the aid of the analyses carried out during vascularization of human developing neocortex and in human gliomas. Thanks to their position, centred within the endothelial/glial partition of the vessel basal lamina and therefore inserted between endothelial cells and the perivascular and vessel-associated components (astrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs)/NG2-glia, microglia, macrophages, nerve terminals), pericytes fulfil a central role within the microvessel NVU. Indeed, at this critical site, pericytes have a number of direct and extracellular matrix molecule- and soluble factor-mediated functions, displaying marked phenotypical and functional heterogeneity and carrying out multitasking services. This pericytes heterogeneity is primarily linked to their position in specific tissue and organ microenvironments and, most importantly, to their ontogeny. During ontogenesis, pericyte subtypes belong to two main embryonic germ layers, mesoderm and (neuro)ectoderm, and are therefore expected to be found in organs ontogenetically different, nonetheless, pericytes of different origin may converge and colonize neighbouring areas of the same organ/apparatus. Here, we provide a brief overview of the unusual roles played by forebrain pericytes in the processes of angiogenesis and barriergenesis by virtue of their origin from midbrain neural crest stem cells. A better knowledge of the ontogenetic subpopulations may support the understanding of specific interactions and mechanisms involved in pericyte function/dysfunction, including normal and pathological angiogenesis, thereby offering an alternative perspective on cell subtype-specific therapeutic approaches. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Girolamo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy.
| | - Ignazio de Trizio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy.,Intensive Care Unit, Department of Intensive Care, Regional Hospital of Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Mariella Errede
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Longo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Molecular Biology Unit, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio d'Amati
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy.,Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Virgintino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Human Anatomy and Histology Unit, University of Bari School of Medicine, Bari, Italy
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10
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Girolamo F, de Trizio I, Errede M, Longo G, d’Amati A, Virgintino D. Neural crest cell-derived pericytes act as pro-angiogenic cells in human neocortex development and gliomas. Fluids Barriers CNS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s12987-021-00242-7 union select null--] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCentral nervous system diseases involving the parenchymal microvessels are frequently associated with a ‘microvasculopathy’, which includes different levels of neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction, including blood–brain barrier alterations. To contribute to the understanding of NVU responses to pathological noxae, we have focused on one of its cellular components, the microvascular pericytes, highlighting unique features of brain pericytes with the aid of the analyses carried out during vascularization of human developing neocortex and in human gliomas. Thanks to their position, centred within the endothelial/glial partition of the vessel basal lamina and therefore inserted between endothelial cells and the perivascular and vessel-associated components (astrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs)/NG2-glia, microglia, macrophages, nerve terminals), pericytes fulfil a central role within the microvessel NVU. Indeed, at this critical site, pericytes have a number of direct and extracellular matrix molecule- and soluble factor-mediated functions, displaying marked phenotypical and functional heterogeneity and carrying out multitasking services. This pericytes heterogeneity is primarily linked to their position in specific tissue and organ microenvironments and, most importantly, to their ontogeny. During ontogenesis, pericyte subtypes belong to two main embryonic germ layers, mesoderm and (neuro)ectoderm, and are therefore expected to be found in organs ontogenetically different, nonetheless, pericytes of different origin may converge and colonize neighbouring areas of the same organ/apparatus. Here, we provide a brief overview of the unusual roles played by forebrain pericytes in the processes of angiogenesis and barriergenesis by virtue of their origin from midbrain neural crest stem cells. A better knowledge of the ontogenetic subpopulations may support the understanding of specific interactions and mechanisms involved in pericyte function/dysfunction, including normal and pathological angiogenesis, thereby offering an alternative perspective on cell subtype-specific therapeutic approaches.
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11
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Zottel A, Šamec N, Kump A, Dall’Olio LR, Pužar Dominkuš P, Romih R, Hudoklin S, Mlakar J, Nikitin D, Sorokin M, Buzdin A, Jovčevska I, Komel R. Analysis of miR-9-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-138-5p, and miR-1-3p in Glioblastoma Cell Lines and Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228491. [PMID: 33187334 PMCID: PMC7698225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary brain tumor, is a complex and extremely aggressive disease. Despite recent advances in molecular biology, there is a lack of biomarkers, which would improve GBM’s diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Here, we analyzed by qPCR the expression levels of a set of miRNAs in GBM and lower-grade glioma human tissue samples and performed a survival analysis in silico. We then determined the expression of same miRNAs and their selected target mRNAs in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) of GBM cell lines. We showed that the expression of miR-21-5p was significantly increased in GBM tissue compared to lower-grade glioma and reference brain tissue, while miR-124-3p and miR-138-5p were overexpressed in reference brain tissue compared to GBM. We also demonstrated that miR-9-5p and miR-124-3p were overexpressed in the sEVs of GBM stem cell lines (NCH421k or NCH644, respectively) compared to the sEVs of all other GBM cell lines and astrocytes. VIM mRNA, a target of miR-124-3p and miR-138-5p, was overexpressed in the sEVs of U251 and U87 GBM cell lines compared to the sEVs of GBM stem cell line and also astrocytes. Our results suggest VIM mRNA, miR-9-5p miRNA, and miR-124-3p miRNA could serve as biomarkers of the sEVs of GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alja Zottel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (R.K.); Tel.: +386-1-543-7662 (A.Z.)
| | - Neja Šamec
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
| | - Ana Kump
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lucija Raspor Dall’Olio
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
| | - Pia Pužar Dominkuš
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
| | - Rok Romih
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.R.); (S.H.)
| | - Samo Hudoklin
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.R.); (S.H.)
| | - Jernej Mlakar
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Daniil Nikitin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.N.); (A.B.)
- Oncobox ltd., Moscow 121205, Russia;
| | - Maxim Sorokin
- Oncobox ltd., Moscow 121205, Russia;
- Laboratory of Clinical and Genomic Bioinformatics, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Moscow region 141700, Russia
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.N.); (A.B.)
- Laboratory of Clinical and Genomic Bioinformatics, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Moscow region 141700, Russia
- OmicsWay Corp., Walnut, CA 91789, USA
| | - Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
| | - Radovan Komel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.Š.); (A.K.); (L.R.D.); (P.P.D.); (I.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (R.K.); Tel.: +386-1-543-7662 (A.Z.)
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Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a highly sensitive nanotechnology-based system—silicon-on-insulator nanowire biosensor for the revelation of microRNAs (miRNAs), associated with the development of glioma in the human. In this system, a sensor chip, bearing an array of silicon nanowire structures, is employed. The sensor chip is fabricated using a top-down technology. In our experiments reported herein, we demonstrated the detection of DNA oligonucleotide (oDNA), which represents a synthetic analogue of microRNA-363 associated with the development of glioma. To provide biospecific detection of the target oligonucleotides, the surface of the nanowire structures is modified with oligonucleotide probes; the latter are complementary to the target ones. The concentration limit of the target oligonucleotide detection, attained using our nanowire biosensor, is at the level of DL~10−17 M. The revelation of the elevated level of glioma-associated miRNA in plasma is also demonstrated.
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13
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Jovčevska I. Next Generation Sequencing and Machine Learning Technologies Are Painting the Epigenetic Portrait of Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:798. [PMID: 32500035 PMCID: PMC7243123 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Even with a rare occurrence of only 1.35% of cancer cases in the United States of America, brain tumors are considered as one of the most lethal malignancies. The most aggressive and invasive type of brain tumor, glioblastoma, accounts for 60–70% of all gliomas and presents with life expectancy of only 12–18 months. Despite trimodal treatment and advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, there are no significant changes in patient outcome. Our understanding of glioblastoma was significantly improved with the introduction of next generation sequencing technologies. This led to the identification of different genetic and molecular subtypes, which greatly improve glioblastoma diagnosis. Still, because of the poor life expectancy, novel diagnostic, and treatment methods are broadly explored. Epigenetic modifications like methylation and changes in histone acetylation are such examples. Recently, in addition to genetic and molecular characteristics, epigenetic profiling of glioblastomas is also used for sample classification. Further advancement of next generation sequencing technologies is expected to identify in detail the epigenetic signature of glioblastoma that can open up new therapeutic opportunities for glioblastoma patients. This should be complemented with the use of computational power i.e., machine and deep learning algorithms for objective diagnostics and design of individualized therapies. Using a combination of phenotypic, genotypic, and epigenetic parameters in glioblastoma diagnostics will bring us closer to precision medicine where therapies will be tailored to suit the genetic profile and epigenetic signature of the tumor, which will grant longer life expectancy and better quality of life. Still, a number of obstacles including potential bias, availability of data for minorities in heterogeneous populations, data protection, and validation and independent testing of the learning algorithms have to be overcome on the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jovčevska
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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14
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Gallaher JA, Massey SC, Hawkins-Daarud A, Noticewala SS, Rockne RC, Johnston SK, Gonzalez-Cuyar L, Juliano J, Gil O, Swanson KR, Canoll P, Anderson ARA. From cells to tissue: How cell scale heterogeneity impacts glioblastoma growth and treatment response. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007672. [PMID: 32101537 PMCID: PMC7062288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are aggressive primary brain tumors known for their inter- and intratumor heterogeneity. This disease is uniformly fatal, with intratumor heterogeneity the major reason for treatment failure and recurrence. Just like the nature vs nurture debate, heterogeneity can arise from intrinsic or environmental influences. Whilst it is impossible to clinically separate observed behavior of cells from their environmental context, using a mathematical framework combined with multiscale data gives us insight into the relative roles of variation from different sources. To better understand the implications of intratumor heterogeneity on therapeutic outcomes, we created a hybrid agent-based mathematical model that captures both the overall tumor kinetics and the individual cellular behavior. We track single cells as agents, cell density on a coarser scale, and growth factor diffusion and dynamics on a finer scale over time and space. Our model parameters were fit utilizing serial MRI imaging and cell tracking data from ex vivo tissue slices acquired from a growth-factor driven glioblastoma murine model. When fitting our model to serial imaging only, there was a spectrum of equally-good parameter fits corresponding to a wide range of phenotypic behaviors. When fitting our model using imaging and cell scale data, we determined that environmental heterogeneity alone is insufficient to match the single cell data, and intrinsic heterogeneity is required to fully capture the migration behavior. The wide spectrum of in silico tumors also had a wide variety of responses to an application of an anti-proliferative treatment. Recurrent tumors were generally less proliferative than pre-treatment tumors as measured via the model simulations and validated from human GBM patient histology. Further, we found that all tumors continued to grow with an anti-migratory treatment alone, but the anti-proliferative/anti-migratory combination generally showed improvement over an anti-proliferative treatment alone. Together our results emphasize the need to better understand the underlying phenotypes and tumor heterogeneity present in a tumor when designing therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A. Gallaher
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Susan C. Massey
- Precision NeuroTherapeutics Innovation Program, Mathematical NeuroOncology Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Andrea Hawkins-Daarud
- Precision NeuroTherapeutics Innovation Program, Mathematical NeuroOncology Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Sonal S. Noticewala
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Russell C. Rockne
- Division of Mathematical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Sandra K. Johnston
- Precision NeuroTherapeutics Innovation Program, Mathematical NeuroOncology Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Luis Gonzalez-Cuyar
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Joseph Juliano
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Orlando Gil
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kristin R. Swanson
- Precision NeuroTherapeutics Innovation Program, Mathematical NeuroOncology Lab, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alexander R. A. Anderson
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
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15
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Identification of SERPINE1 as a Regulator of Glioblastoma Cell Dispersal with Transcriptome Profiling. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111651. [PMID: 31731490 PMCID: PMC6896086 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High mortality rates of glioblastoma (GBM) patients are partly attributed to the invasive behavior of tumor cells that exhibit extensive infiltration into adjacent brain tissue, leading to rapid, inevitable, and therapy-resistant recurrence. In this study, we analyzed transcriptome of motile (dispersive) and non-motile (core) GBM cells using an in vitro spheroid dispersal model and identified SERPINE1 as a modulator of GBM cell dispersal. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of SERPINE1 reduced spheroid dispersal and cell adhesion by regulating cell-substrate adhesion. We examined TGFβ as a potential upstream regulator of SERPINE1 expression. We also assessed the significance of SERPINE1 in GBM growth and invasion using TCGA glioma datasets and a patient-derived orthotopic GBM model. SERPINE1 expression was associated with poor prognosis and mesenchymal GBM in patients. SERPINE1 knock-down in primary GBM cells suppressed tumor growth and invasiveness in the brain. Together, our results indicate that SERPINE1 is a key player in GBM dispersal and provide insights for future anti-invasive therapy design.
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16
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Saleh A, Marhuenda E, Fabre C, Hassani Z, Weille JD, Boukhaddaoui H, Guelfi S, Maldonado IL, Hugnot JP, Duffau H, Bauchet L, Cornu D, Bakalara N. A novel 3D nanofibre scaffold conserves the plasticity of glioblastoma stem cell invasion by regulating galectin-3 and integrin-β1 expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14612. [PMID: 31601895 PMCID: PMC6787018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51108-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) invasiveness renders complete surgical resection impossible and highly invasive Glioblastoma Initiating Cells (GICs) are responsible for tumour recurrence. Their dissemination occurs along pre-existing fibrillary brain structures comprising the aligned myelinated fibres of the corpus callosum (CC) and the laminin (LN)-rich basal lamina of blood vessels. The extracellular matrix (ECM) of these environments regulates GIC migration, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In order to recapitulate the composition and the topographic properties of the cerebral ECM in the migration of GICs, we have set up a new aligned polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-derived nanofiber (NF) scaffold. This system is suitable for drug screening as well as discrimination of the migration potential of different glioblastoma stem cells. Functionalisation with LN increases the spatial anisotropy of migration and modulates its mode from collective to single cell migration. Mechanistically, equally similar to what has been observed for mesenchymal migration of GBM in vivo, is the upregulation of galectin-3 and integrin-β1 in Gli4 cells migrating on our NF scaffold. Downregulation of Calpain-2 in GICs migrating in vivo along the CC and in vitro on LN-coated NF underlines a difference in the turnover of focal adhesion (FA) molecules between single-cell and collective types of migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saleh
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Marhuenda
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Fabre
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Zahra Hassani
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jan de Weille
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Hassan Boukhaddaoui
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Guelfi
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Igor Lima Maldonado
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Univ. Tours, Inserm, Tours, CHRU de Tours, Le Studium Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean- Philippe Hugnot
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Bauchet
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - David Cornu
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR-5635, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Norbert Bakalara
- Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, INM, U-1051, Univ. Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, ENSCM, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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Alongi P, Vetrano IG, Fiasconaro E, Alaimo V, Laudicella R, Bellavia M, Rubino F, Bagnato S, Galardi G. Choline-PET/CT in the Differential Diagnosis Between Cystic Glioblastoma and Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage. Curr Radiopharm 2019; 12:88-92. [PMID: 30117406 DOI: 10.2174/1874471011666180817122427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most common and malignant glioma, accounting for 45%-50% of all gliomas. The median survival time for patients with glioblastoma is only 12-15 months after surgical, chemioterapic and radiotherapic treatment; a correct diagnosis is naturally fundamental to establish a rapid and correct therapy. Non-invasive imaging plays a pivotal role in each phase of the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected for diagnosis. The aim of this case report was to describe the potential clinical impact of 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) PET/CT in the assessment of a cystic GBM mimicking a spontaneous hemorrhage. METHODS a 57 years-old male with intraparenchymal hemorrhage at CT imaging initially in reduction ad serial imaging and suspected right fronto-temporo-parietal lesion at MRI underwent dynamic and static (60' after tracer injection) FCH PET/CT of the brain. RESULTS FCH PET/CT showed rapid tracer uptake after few second from injection at dynamic acquisition and consequent incremental mild uptake at static imaging after 60 minutes at the level of oval formation in the right cerebral hemisphere characterized by annular and peripheral high metabolic activity. The central region of the lesion was characterized by the absence 18F-FCH uptake most likely due to blood component. The patient underwent surgery for tumor removal; the histopathological examination confirmed the suspect of GBM. Chemo-radiotherapic adjuvant protocol according to Stupp protocol was therefore administrated; to date the patient is alive without any progression disease at 5 months from treatment. CONCLUSION In this case report FCH PET/CT represented the final diagnostic technique to confirm the suspicious of a cystic GBM. Our case demonstrated the potential role of 18F-FCH PET/CT for discrimination of higher proliferation area over intraparenchymal hemorrhage, supporting the potential use of this imaging biomarker in surgical or radiosurgical approach. Obviously, further prospective studies are needed to confirm this role and to exactly define possible routinely applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Alongi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Nuclear Medicine Service, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalu, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Fiasconaro
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Nuclear Medicine Service, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalu, Italy
| | - Valerio Alaimo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Radiology Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalu, Italy
| | - Riccardo Laudicella
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy and University Hospital "Gaetano Martino", Messina, Italy
| | - Marina Bellavia
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Rehabilitation, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalu, Italy
| | - Francesca Rubino
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Rehabilitation, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalu, Italy
| | - Sergio Bagnato
- Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Rehabilitation, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalu, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Galardi
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Rehabilitation, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalu, Italy.,Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Rehabilitation, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Cefalu, Italy
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18
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Emerging Roles of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Associated Unfolded Protein Response in Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050631. [PMID: 31064137 PMCID: PMC6562633 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis is often altered in tumor cells due to intrinsic (oncogene expression, aneuploidy) and extrinsic (environmental) challenges. ER stress triggers the activation of an adaptive response named the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), leading to protein translation repression, and to the improvement of ER protein folding and clearance capacity. The UPR is emerging as a key player in malignant transformation and tumor growth, impacting on most hallmarks of cancer. As such, the UPR can influence cancer cells’ migration and invasion properties. In this review, we overview the involvement of the UPR in cancer progression. We discuss its cross-talks with the cell migration and invasion machinery. Specific aspects will be covered including extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, modification of cell adhesion, chemo-attraction, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), modulation of signaling pathways associated with cell mobility, and cytoskeleton remodeling. The therapeutic potential of targeting the UPR to treat cancer will also be considered with specific emphasis in the impact on metastasis and tissue invasion.
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Tamura R, Miyoshi H, Sampetrean O, Shinozaki M, Morimoto Y, Iwasawa C, Fukaya R, Mine Y, Masuda H, Maruyama T, Narita M, Saya H, Yoshida K, Okano H, Toda M. Visualization of spatiotemporal dynamics of human glioma stem cell invasion. Mol Brain 2019; 12:45. [PMID: 31060588 PMCID: PMC6503361 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma exhibits phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, aggressive invasiveness, therapeutic resistance, and tumor recurrence, which can be explained by the existence of glioma stem cells (GSCs). In this study, we visualized the spatiotemporal dynamics of invasion of human GSCs in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model using time-lapse imaging of organotypic brain slice cultures and three-dimensional imaging of optically cleared whole brains. GSCs implanted in the striatum exhibited directional migration toward axon bundles, perivascular area, and the subventricular zone around the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle. GSCs migrated in a helical pattern around axon bundles in the striatum and invaded broadly in both the rostral and caudal directions. GSCs in the corpus callosum migrated more rapidly and unidirectionally toward the contralateral side with pseudopod extension. These characteristics of GSC invasion shared histological features observed in glioblastoma patients. Spatiotemporal visualization techniques can contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying GSC invasion that may lead to the development of effective therapy for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyoshi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Oltea Sampetrean
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Munehisa Shinozaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yukina Morimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Chizuru Iwasawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Raita Fukaya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuji Hospital, 137-1 Nishiyashiki, Chiryu-shi, Aichi, 472-0007, Japan
| | - Yutaka Mine
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Maruyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Minoru Narita
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Lou W, Ding B, Xu L, Fan W. Construction of Potential Glioblastoma Multiforme-Related miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:66. [PMID: 30971889 PMCID: PMC6444190 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and aggressive human malignant brain tumor, is notorious for its limited treatment options and poor prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are found to be involved in tumorigenesis of GBM. However, a comprehensive miRNA-mRNA regulatory network has still not been established. Methods: A miRNA microarray dataset (GSE90603) was obtained from GEO database. Then, we employed GEO2R tool to perform differential expression analysis. Potential transcription factors and target genes of screened differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were predicted. The GBM mRNA dataset were downloaded from TCGA database for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Next, GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was conducted. PPI network was then established, and hub genes were identified via Cytoscape software. The expression and prognostic roles of hub genes was further evaluated. Results: Total 33 DE-miRNAs, consisting of 10 upregulated DE-miRNAs and 23 downregulated DE-miRNAs, were screened. SP1 was predicted to potentially regulate most of screened DE-miRNAs. Three thousand and twenty seven and 3,879 predicted target genes were obtained for upregulated and downregulated DE-miRNAs, respectively. Subsequently, 1,715 upregulated DEGs and 1,259 downregulated DEGs were identified. Then, 149 and 295 potential downregulated and upregulated genes commonly appeared in target genes of DE-miRNAs and DEGs were selected for GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. The downregulated genes were significantly enriched in cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway whereas the upregulated genes were enriched in pathways in cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Construction and analysis of PPI network showed that STXBP1 and TP53 were recognized as hub genes with the highest connectivity degrees. Expression analytic result of the top 20 hub genes in GBM using GEPIA database was generally identical with previous differential expression analysis for TCGA data. EGFR, PPP3CB, and MYO5A expression was significantly associated with patients' OS. Conclusions: In this study, we established a potential GBM-related miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, which explores a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms and provides key clues in seeking novel therapeutic targets for GBM. In the future, more experiments need to be performed to validate our current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Lou
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bisha Ding
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Fan
- Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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21
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Cardoso LC, Soares RDS, Laurentino TDS, Lerario AM, Marie SKN, Oba-Shinjo SM. CD99 Expression in Glioblastoma Molecular Subtypes and Role in Migration and Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051137. [PMID: 30845661 PMCID: PMC6429353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of brain tumor, with an overall survival of 17 months under the current standard of care therapy. CD99, an over-expressed transmembrane protein in several malignancies, has been considered a potential target for immunotherapy. To further understand this potentiality, we analyzed the differential expression of its two isoforms in human astrocytoma specimens, and the CD99 involved signaling pathways in glioma model U87MG cell line. CD99 was also analyzed in GBM molecular subtypes. Whole transcriptomes by RNA-Seq of CD99-siRNA, and functional in vitro assays in CD99-shRNA, that are found in U87MG cells, were performed. Astrocytoma of different malignant grades and U87MG cells only expressed CD99 isoform 1, which was higher in mesenchymal and classical than in proneural GBM subtypes. Genes related to actin dynamics, predominantly to focal adhesion, and lamellipodia/filopodia formation were down-regulated in the transcriptome analysis, when CD99 was silenced. A decrease in tumor cell migration/invasion, and dysfunction of focal adhesion, were observed in functional assays. In addition, a striking morphological change was detected in CD99-silenced U87MG cells, further corroborating CD99 involvement in actin cytoskeleton rearrangement. Inhibiting the overexpressed CD99 may improve resectability and decrease the recurrence rate of GBM by decreasing tumor cells migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais C Cardoso
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Roseli da S Soares
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Talita de S Laurentino
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Antonio M Lerario
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Suely K N Marie
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Sueli Mieko Oba-Shinjo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LIM 15), Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
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de Gooijer MC, Guillén Navarro M, Bernards R, Wurdinger T, van Tellingen O. An Experimenter's Guide to Glioblastoma Invasion Pathways. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:763-780. [PMID: 30072121 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor that is characterized by its unparalleled invasiveness. Invasive glioblastoma cells not only escape surgery and focal therapies but also are more resistant to current radio- and chemo-therapeutic approaches. Thus, any curative therapy for this deadly disease likely should include treatment strategies that interfere with glioblastoma invasiveness. Understanding glioblastoma invasion mechanisms is therefore critical. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of various glioblastoma invasion models and conclude that robust experimental evidence has been obtained for a pro-invasive role of Ephrin receptors, Rho GTPases, and casein kinase 2 (CK2). Extensive interplay occurs between these proteins, suggesting the existence of a glioblastoma invasion signaling network that comprises several targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Miriam Guillén Navarro
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Rene Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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23
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Logun M, Zhao W, Mao L, Karumbaiah L. Microfluidics in Malignant Glioma Research and Precision Medicine. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2018; 2:1700221. [PMID: 29780878 PMCID: PMC5959050 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive form of brain cancer that has no effective treatments and a prognosis of only 12-15 months. Microfluidic technologies deliver microscale control of fluids and cells, and have aided cancer therapy as point-of-care devices for the diagnosis of breast and prostate cancers. However, a few microfluidic devices are developed to study malignant glioma. The ability of these platforms to accurately replicate the complex microenvironmental and extracellular conditions prevailing in the brain and facilitate the measurement of biological phenomena with high resolution and in a high-throughput manner could prove useful for studying glioma progression. These attributes, coupled with their relatively simple fabrication process, make them attractive for use as point-of-care diagnostic devices for detection and treatment of GBM. Here, the current issues that plague GBM research and treatment, as well as the current state of the art in glioma detection and therapy, are reviewed. Finally, opportunities are identified for implementing microfluidic technologies into research and diagnostics to facilitate the rapid detection and better therapeutic targeting of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Logun
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, ADS Complex, University of Georgia, 425 River Road, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA
| | - Wujun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA
| | - Leidong Mao
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA
| | - Lohitash Karumbaiah
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, ADS Complex, University of Georgia, 425 River Road, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA
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24
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Abstract
The most aggressive brain malignancy, glioblastoma, accounts for 60-70% of all gliomas and is uniformly fatal. According to the molecular signature, glioblastoma is divided into four subtypes (proneural, neural, classical, and mesenchymal), each with its own genetic background. The Cancer Genome Atlas project provides information about the most common genetic changes in glioblastoma. They involve mutations in TP53, TERT, and PTEN, and amplifications in EFGR, PDGFRA, CDK4, CDK6, MDM2, and MDM4. Recently, epigenetics was used to demonstrate the oncogenic roles of miR-124, miR-137, and miR-128. The most important findings so far are mutations in IDH1/2 and MGMT promoter methylation, which are routinely used as predictive biomarkers in patient care. Current clinical treatment leaves patients with only a 10% chance for 5-year survival. Attempts to define the mutational profile of glioblastoma to identify clinically relevant changes have not yet yielded significant results. This can be attributed to inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity that is present in most glioblastomas, as well as hypermutation that appears as a consequence of chemotherapy. The evolving field of radiogenomics aims to classify glioblastoma using a combination of magnetic resonance imaging and genomic information. In the era of genomic medicine, next-generation sequencing is extensively used in glioblastoma research because it can detect multiple changes in a single biological sample; its potential in detecting circulating cell-free DNA has been tested in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, and it shows promise in the examination of the cellular content of extracellular vesicles as a potential source of biomarkers. Next-generation sequencing is making its way into glioblastoma diagnostics. Gene panels like GlioSeq, which includes the most commonly mutated genes, are currently being tested on snap frozen and formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues. This new methodology is helping to define the "next generation of glioblastomas" - clinically defined and better understood, with greater potential to improve patient care. However, limitations of the necessary infrastructure, space for data storage, technical expertise, and data ownership need to be considered carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jovčevska
- a Medical Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia
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25
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The mode and dynamics of glioblastoma cell invasion into a decellularized tissue-derived extracellular matrix-based three-dimensional tumor model. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4608. [PMID: 29545552 PMCID: PMC5854588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common brain tumor with very aggressive and infiltrative. Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays pivotal roles in the infiltrative characteristics of GBM. To understand the invasive characteristic of GBM, it is necessary to study cell-ECM interaction in the physiologically relevant biomimetic model that recapitulates the GBM-specific ECM microenvironment. Here, we propose biomimetic GBM-specific ECM microenvironment for studying mode and dynamics of glioblastoma cell invasion. Using tissue decellularization process, we constructed a patient tissue-derived ECM (pdECM)-based three-dimensional in vitro model. In our model, GBM cells exhibited heterogeneous morphology and altered the invasion routes in a microenvironment-adaptive manner. We further elucidate the effects of inhibition of ECM remodeling-related enzymatic activity (Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2/9, hyaluronan synthase (HAS)) on GBM cell invasion. Interestingly, after blocking both enzyme activity, GBM cells underwent morphological transition and switch the invasion mode. Such adaptability could render cell invasion resistant to anti-cancer target therapy. There results provide insight of how organ-specific matrix differentially regulates cancer cell phenotype, and have significant implications for the design of matrix with appropriate physiologically relevant properties for in vitro tumor model.
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26
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RSK2 activity mediates glioblastoma invasiveness and is a potential target for new therapeutics. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79869-79884. [PMID: 27829215 PMCID: PMC5346757 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In glioblastoma (GBM), infiltration of primary tumor cells into the normal tissue and dispersal throughout the brain is a central challenge to successful treatment that remains unmet. Indeed, patients respond poorly to the current therapies of tumor resection followed by chemotherapy with radiotherapy and have only a 16-month median survival. It is therefore imperative to develop novel therapies. RSK2 is a kinase that regulates proliferation and adhesion and can promote metastasis. We demonstrate that active RSK2 regulates GBM cell adhesion and is essential for cell motility and invasion of patient-derived GBM neurospheres. RSK2 control of adhesion and migration is mediated in part by its effects on integrin-Filamin A complexes. Importantly, inhibition of RSK2 by either RSK inhibitors or shRNA silencing impairs invasion and combining RSK2 inhibitors with temozolomide improves efficacy in vitro. In agreement with the in vitro data, using public datasets, we find that RSK2 is significantly upregulated in vivo in human GBM patient tumors, and that high RSK2 expression significantly correlates with advanced tumor stage and poor patient survival. Together, our data provide strong evidence that RSK inhibitors could enhance the effectiveness of existing GBM treatment, and support RSK2 targeting as a promising approach for novel GBM therapy.
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27
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Lou JC, Lan YL, Gao JX, Ma BB, Yang T, Yuan ZB, Zhang HQ, Zhu TZ, Pan N, Leng S, Song GJ, Zhang B. Silencing NUDT21 Attenuates the Mesenchymal Identity of Glioblastoma Cells via the NF-κB Pathway. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:420. [PMID: 29311812 PMCID: PMC5742174 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proneural (PN) and mesenchymal (MES) subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are robust and generally consistent with classification schemes. GBMs in the MES subclass are predominantly primary tumors that, compared to PN tumors, exhibit a worse prognosis; thus, understanding the mechanism of MES differentiation may be of great benefit for the treatment of GBM. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling is critically important in GBM, and activation of NF-κB could induce MES transdifferentiation in GBM, which warrants additional research. NUDT21 is a newly discovered tumor-associated gene according to our current research. The exact roles of NUDT21 in cancer incidence have not been elucidated. Here, we report that NUDT21 expression was upregulated in human glioma tissues and that NUDT21 promoted glioma cell proliferation, likely through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Gene set enrichment analysis, western blotting, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed that NF-κB inhibitor zeta (NFKBIZ) was a downstream target affected by NUDT21 and that the MES identity genes in glioblastoma cells, CHI3L1 and FN1, were also differentially regulated. Our results suggest that NUDT21 is an upstream regulator of the NF-κB pathway and a potential molecular target for the MES subtype of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Long Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jin-Xia Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin-Bin Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhong-Bo Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ting-Zhun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ning Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Song Leng
- Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Gui-Jun Song
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Huang Y, Tong L, Yi L, Zhang C, Hai L, Li T, Yu S, Wang W, Tao Z, Ma H, Liu P, Xie Y, Yang X. Three-dimensional hydrogel is suitable for targeted investigation of amoeboid migration of glioma cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:250-256. [PMID: 29115617 PMCID: PMC5780134 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) invasion and migration are key biological behaviors leading to refractoriness to current therapies and infiltration into the non-tumor brain parenchyma. GBM cell migration is strongly dependent on tumor architecture in vivo, which is absent in traditional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture. The present study applied a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel model to rebuild the tumor architecture in vitro. Treatment with NSC23766, a specific inhibitor of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), inhibited the mesenchymal invasiveness however triggered the amoeboid motility called mesenchymal-amoeboid transition (MAT). Notably, NSC23766 stimulated U87 GBM cell migration in the 3D hydrogel. However, this compound inhibited cell motility in 2D monolayer culture without tumor architecture for MAT, suggesting the advantage of 3D hydrogel to investigate tumor cell invasion. Due to the inverse interaction of Rac1 and Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) signaling in the transition between mesenchymal and amoeboid morphology, simultaneous treatment of NSC23766 and Y27632 (selective Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 inhibitor), abolished U87 GBM cell migration through inhibiting MAT and amoeboid-mesenchymal transition. In addition, Y27632 induced integrin expression which gave rise to the focal adhesion to facilitate the mesenchymal invasion. The results of the present study demonstrated that the 3D hydrogel was a preferable model in vitro to study tumor cell invasion and migration. The combined inhibition of Rac1 and RhoA signaling would be a promising strategy to suppress GBM invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Luqing Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Long Hai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Shengping Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Zhennan Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Haiwen Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Peidong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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Avril T, Etcheverry A, Pineau R, Obacz J, Jegou G, Jouan F, Le Reste PJ, Hatami M, Colen RR, Carlson BL, Decker PA, Sarkaria JN, Vauléon E, Chiforeanu DC, Clavreul A, Mosser J, Chevet E, Quillien V. CD90 Expression Controls Migration and Predicts Dasatinib Response in Glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:7360-7374. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Armento A, Ilina EI, Kaoma T, Muller A, Vallar L, Niclou SP, Krüger MA, Mittelbronn M, Naumann U. Carboxypeptidase E transmits its anti-migratory function in glioma cells via transcriptional regulation of cell architecture and motility regulating factors. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:702-714. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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31
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Sim W, Cha J, Choi C, Choi K. Rapid and quantitative measurement of cell adhesion and migration activity by time-series analysis on biomimetic topography. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-016-0625-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Lee W, Lim S, Kim Y. The role of myosin II in glioma invasion: A mathematical model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171312. [PMID: 28166231 PMCID: PMC5293275 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are malignant tumors that are commonly observed in primary brain cancer. Glioma cells migrate through a dense network of normal cells in microenvironment and spread long distances within brain. In this paper we present a two-dimensional multiscale model in which a glioma cell is surrounded by normal cells and its migration is controlled by cell-mechanical components in the microenvironment via the regulation of myosin II in response to chemoattractants. Our simulation results show that the myosin II plays a key role in the deformation of the cell nucleus as the glioma cell passes through the narrow intercellular space smaller than its nuclear diameter. We also demonstrate that the coordination of biochemical and mechanical components within the cell enables a glioma cell to take the mode of amoeboid migration. This study sheds lights on the understanding of glioma infiltration through the narrow intercellular spaces and may provide a potential approach for the development of anti-invasion strategies via the injection of chemoattractants for localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanho Lee
- National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon, 34047, Republic of Korea
| | - Sookkyung Lim
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, United States of America
| | - Yangjin Kim
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States of America
- Department of Mathematics, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Jayaram S, Gupta MK, Raju R, Gautam P, Sirdeshmukh R. Multi-Omics Data Integration and Mapping of Altered Kinases to Pathways Reveal Gonadotropin Hormone Signaling in Glioblastoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 20:736-746. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2016.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Savita Jayaram
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Rajesh Raju
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Poonam Gautam
- National Institute of Pathology, ICMR, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research, Narayana Hrudayalaya Health City, Bangalore, India
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34
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Wang C, Tong X, Jiang X, Yang F. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase-mediated matrix degradation on glioblastoma cell behavior in 3D PEG-based hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:770-778. [PMID: 27770562 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of primary brain tumor with median survival of 12 months. To improve clinical outcomes, it is critical to develop in vitro models that support GBM proliferation and invasion for deciphering tumor progression and screening drug candidates. A key hallmark of GBM cells is their extreme invasiveness, a process mediated by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated degradation of the extracellular matrix. We recently reported the development of a MMP-degradable, poly(ethylene-glycol)-based hydrogel platform for culturing GBM cells. In the present study, we modulated the percentage of MMP-degradable crosslinks in 3D hydrogels to analyze the effects of MMP-degradability on GBM fates. Using an immortalized GBM cell line (U87) as a model cell type, our results showed that MMP-degradability was not required for supporting GBM proliferation. All hydrogel formulations supported robust GBM proliferation, up to 10 fold after 14 days. However, MMP-degradability was essential for facilitating tumor spreading, and 50% MMP-degradable hydrogels were sufficient to enable both robust tumor cell proliferation and spreading in 3D. The findings of this study highlight the importance of modulating MMP-degradability in engineering 3D in vitro brain cancer models and may be applied for engineering in vitro models for other cancer types. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 770-778, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - Xinming Tong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305
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Cha J, Kang SG, Kim P. Strategies of Mesenchymal Invasion of Patient-derived Brain Tumors: Microenvironmental Adaptation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24912. [PMID: 27108713 PMCID: PMC4842976 DOI: 10.1038/srep24912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients is primarily caused by extensive infiltration into adjacent tissue and subsequent rapid recurrence. There are no clear therapeutic strategies that target the infiltrative subpopulation of GBM mass. Using mesenchymal mode of invasion, the GBM is known to widely infiltrate by interacting with various unique components within brain microenvironment such as hyaluronic acid (HA)-rich matrix and white matter tracts. However, it is unclear how these GBM microenvironments influence the strategies of mesenchymal invasion. We hypothesize that GBM has different strategies to facilitate such invasion through adaptation to their local microenvironment. Using our in vitro biomimetic microenvironment platform for three-dimensional GBM tumorspheres (TSs), we found that the strategies of GBM invasion were predominantly regulated by the HA-rich ECM microenvironment, showing marked phenotypic changes in the presence of HA, which were mainly mediated by HA synthase (HAS). Interestingly, after inhibition of the HAS gene, GBM switched their invasion strategies to a focal adhesion (FA)-mediated invasion. These results demonstrate that the microenvironmental adaptation allowed a flexible invasion strategy for GBM. Using our model, we suggest a new inhibitory pathway for targeting infiltrative GBM and propose an importance of multi-target therapy for GBM, which underwent microenvironmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghwa Cha
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seok-Gu Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Pilnam Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Liu H, Zhang J, Chen X, Du XS, Zhang JL, Liu G, Zhang WG. Application of iron oxide nanoparticles in glioma imaging and therapy: from bench to bedside. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:7808-7826. [PMID: 27029509 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00147e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and have a very dismal prognosis. However, recent advancements in nanomedicine and nanotechnology provide opportunities for personalized treatment regimens to improve the poor prognosis of patients suffering from glioma. This comprehensive review starts with an outline of the current status facing glioma. It then provides an overview of the state-of-the-art applications of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) to glioma diagnostics and therapeutics, including MR contrast enhancement, drug delivery, cell labeling and tracking, magnetic hyperthermia treatment and magnetic particle imaging. It also addresses current challenges associated with the biological barriers and IONP design with an emphasis on recent advances and innovative approaches for glioma targeting strategies. Opportunities for future development are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China. and Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637007, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xue-Song Du
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jin-Long Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Wei-Guo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China and The State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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37
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Bronisz A, Godlewski J, Chiocca EA. Extracellular Vesicles and MicroRNAs: Their Role in Tumorigenicity and Therapy for Brain Tumors. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016; 36:361-76. [PMID: 26983830 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs which mediate post-transcriptional gene regulation. Recently, microRNAs have also been found to be localized to the extracellular space, often encapsulated in secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs). This tandem of EVs and tissue-specific expressed/secreted microRNAs that can be taken up by neighboring or distant recipient cells, leading to changes in gene expression-suggests a cell-specialized role in physiological and pathological conditions. The complexity of solid tumors and their distinct pathophysiology relies on interactive communications between the various cell types in the neoplasm (tumor, endothelial, or macrophages, for instance). Understanding how such EV/microRNA-mediated communication occurs may actually lead to avenues for therapeutic exploitation and/or intervention, particularly for the most formidable cancers, such as those in the brain. In this review, the role of microRNAs/EVs in brain tumors will be discussed with emphasis on how these molecules could be utilized for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Bronisz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jakub Godlewski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - E Antonio Chiocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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38
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Kim SH, Ezhilarasan R, Phillips E, Gallego-Perez D, Sparks A, Taylor D, Ladner K, Furuta T, Sabit H, Chhipa R, Cho JH, Mohyeldin A, Beck S, Kurozumi K, Kuroiwa T, Iwata R, Asai A, Kim J, Sulman EP, Cheng SY, Lee LJ, Nakada M, Guttridge D, DasGupta B, Goidts V, Bhat KP, Nakano I. Serine/Threonine Kinase MLK4 Determines Mesenchymal Identity in Glioma Stem Cells in an NF-κB-dependent Manner. Cancer Cell 2016; 29:201-13. [PMID: 26859459 PMCID: PMC4837946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) induces mesenchymal (MES) transdifferentiation and radioresistance in glioma stem cells (GSCs), but molecular mechanisms for NF-κB activation in GSCs are currently unknown. Here, we report that mixed lineage kinase 4 (MLK4) is overexpressed in MES but not proneural (PN) GSCs. Silencing MLK4 suppresses self-renewal, motility, tumorigenesis, and radioresistance of MES GSCs via a loss of the MES signature. MLK4 binds and phosphorylates the NF-κB regulator IKKα, leading to activation of NF-κB signaling in GSCs. MLK4 expression is inversely correlated with patient prognosis in MES, but not PN high-grade gliomas. Collectively, our results uncover MLK4 as an upstream regulator of NF-κB signaling and a potential molecular target for the MES subtype of glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ravesanker Ezhilarasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emma Phillips
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Gallego-Perez
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amanda Sparks
- Department of Neurosurgery, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - David Taylor
- Department of Neurosurgery, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Katherine Ladner
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Takuya Furuta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hemragul Sabit
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Rishi Chhipa
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA
| | - Ju Hwan Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ahmed Mohyeldin
- Department of Neurosurgery, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Samuel Beck
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Kurozumi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Kuroiwa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Iwata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan
| | - Akio Asai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan
| | - Jonghwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology & Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, Center for Genetic Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - L James Lee
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Denis Guttridge
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Biplab DasGupta
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA
| | - Violaine Goidts
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Krishna P Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Gupta MK, Jayaram S, Reddy DN, Polisetty RV, Sirdeshmukh R. Transcriptomic and Proteomic Data Integration and Two-Dimensional Molecular Maps with Regulatory and Functional Linkages: Application to Cell Proliferation and Invasion Networks in Glioblastoma. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:5017-27. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International
Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India
- Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Savita Jayaram
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International
Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India
- Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Divijendra Natha Reddy
- Neuro-Oncology,
Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research, Mazumdar Shaw Medical
Foundation, Narayana Health, Bangalore 560099, India
| | | | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International
Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India
- Neuro-Oncology,
Mazumdar Shaw Centre for Translational Research, Mazumdar Shaw Medical
Foundation, Narayana Health, Bangalore 560099, India
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40
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Novel roles of the unfolded protein response in the control of tumor development and aggressiveness. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 33:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Liu Y, Zhang L, Liu Y, Sun C, Zhang H, Miao G, Di CX, Zhou X, Zhou R, Wang Z. DNA-PKcs deficiency inhibits glioblastoma cell-derived angiogenesis after ionizing radiation. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1094-103. [PMID: 25294801 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) plays a critical role in non-homologous end-joining repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) induced by ionizing radiation (IR). Little is known, however, regarding the relationship between DNA-PKcs and IR-induced angiogenesis; thus, in this study we aimed to further elucidate this relationship. Our findings revealed that lack of DNA-PKcs expression or activity sensitized glioma cells to radiation due to the defective DNA DSB repairs and inhibition of phosphorylated Akt(Ser473) . Moreover, DNA-PKcs deficiency apparently mitigated IR-induced migration, invasion and tube formation of human microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC-1) in conditioned media derived from irradiated DNA-PKcs mutant M059J glioma cells or M059K glioma cells that have inhibited DNA-PKcs kinase activity due to the specific inhibitor NU7026 or siRNA knockdown. Moreover, IR-elevated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion was abrogated by DNA-PKcs suppression. Supplemental VEGF antibody to irradiated-conditioned media was negated enhanced cell motility with a concomitant decrease in phosphorylation of the FAK(Try925) and Src(Try416) . Furthermore, DNA-PKcs suppression was markedly abrogated in IR-induced transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) accumulation, which is related to activation of VEGF transcription. These findings, taken together, demonstrate that depletion of DNA-PKcs in glioblastoma cells at least partly suppressed IR-inflicted migration, invasion, and tube formation of HMEC-1 cells, which may be associated with the reduced HIF-1α level and VEGF secretion. Inhibition of DNA-PKcs may be a promising therapeutic approach to enhance radio-therapeutic efficacy for glioblastoma by hindering its angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Abstract
The first step in the spread of cancer is invasion by malignant cells of the normal tissue surrounding a tumor. There is considerable evidence both in vitro and in vivo that mechanical interactions with the tissue, in particular with the biopolymer network that makes up the extracellular matrix (ECM), are important factors in invasion. The interactions take two forms: (i) contractile cells on the surface of the tumor act on the nearby ECM and remodel it; in some cases, they align the fibers of the biopolymers; (ii) the aligned fibers can enhance invasion via contact guidance, the tendency of motile cells to follow alignment. Here, we give evidence, mainly for in vitro systems, that both effects are important. We discuss how alignment occurs in biopolymers such as collagen-I (a major component of the ECM). We propose a modeling framework for computing alignment and propose phenomenologic models for contact guidance. See all articles in this Cancer Research section, "Physics in Cancer Research."
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard M Sander
- Physics and Complex Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michigan
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43
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Henriksen M, Johnsen KB, Andersen HH, Pilgaard L, Duroux M. MicroRNA expression signatures determine prognosis and survival in glioblastoma multiforme--a systematic overview. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 50:896-913. [PMID: 24619503 PMCID: PMC4225053 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8668-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in our knowledge about glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) pathology, clinical challenges still lie ahead with respect to treatment in GBM due to high prevalence, poor prognosis, and frequent tumor relapse. The implication of microRNAs (miRNAs) in GBM is a rapidly expanding field of research with the aim to develop more targeted molecular therapies. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of all the available literature, evaluating miRNA signatures as a function of prognosis and survival in GBM. The results are presented with a focus on studies derived from clinical data in databases and independent tissue cohorts where smaller samples sizes were investigated. Here, miRNA associated to longer survival (protective) and miRNA with shorter survival (risk-associated) have been identified and their signatures based on different prognostic attributes are described. Finally, miRNAs associated with disease progression or survival in several studies are identified and functionally described. These miRNAs may be valuable for future determination of patient prognosis and could possibly serve as targets for miRNA-based therapies, which hold a great potential in the treatment of this severe malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Henriksen
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Kasper Bendix Johnsen
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Hjalte Holm Andersen
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Linda Pilgaard
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
| | - Meg Duroux
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark
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44
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Newcastle disease virus interaction in targeted therapy against proliferation and invasion pathways of glioblastoma multiforme. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:386470. [PMID: 25243137 PMCID: PMC4160635 DOI: 10.1155/2014/386470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), or grade IV glioma, is one of the most lethal forms of human brain cancer. Current bioscience has begun to depict more clearly the signalling pathways that are responsible for high-grade glioma initiation, migration, and invasion, opening the door for molecular-based targeted therapy. As such, the application of viruses such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV) as a novel biological bullet to specifically target aberrant signalling in GBM has brought new hope. The abnormal proliferation and aggressive invasion behaviour of GBM is reported to be associated with aberrant Rac1 protein signalling. NDV interacts with Rac1 upon viral entry, syncytium induction, and actin reorganization of the infected cell as part of the replication process. Ultimately, intracellular stress leads the infected glioma cell to undergo cell death. In this review, we describe the characteristics of malignant glioma and the aberrant genetics that drive its aggressive phenotype, and we focus on the use of oncolytic NDV in GBM-targeted therapy and the interaction of NDV in GBM signalling that leads to inhibition of GBM proliferation and invasion, and subsequently, cell death.
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45
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Zhu Z, Liu Y, Li K, Liu J, Wang H, Sun B, Xiong Z, Jiang H, Zheng J, Hu Z. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor U (PTPRU) is required for glioma growth and motility. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1901-10. [PMID: 24876153 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor U (PTPRU) has been shown to function as a negative regulator of adhesion and proliferation in certain cancer cell types, primarily through its dephosphorylation of β-catenin and inhibition of subsequent downstream signaling. In the present study, we set out to characterize the role of PTPRU in glioma and found that, while the expression of full-length PTPRU protein is low in these tumors, a number of non-full-length PTPRU isoforms are highly expressed. Among these isoforms, one in particular is localized to the nucleus, and its expression is increased in glioma tissues in a manner that positively correlates with malignancy grade. Short hairpin RNA knockdown of endogenous PTPRU in human and rat glioma cell lines suppressed proliferation, survival, invasion, migration, adhesion and vasculogenic tube formation in vitro, as well as intracranial tumor progression in vivo. In addition, knocking down PTPRU reduced tyrosine phosphorylation (pY) and transcriptional activity of β-catenin, and we were able to specifically rescue the cell migration defect by expressing a LEF1-β-catenin fusion protein in PTPRU-depleted cells. PTPRU knockdown also led to increased tyrosine pY of the E3 ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl and to the destabilization of several focal adhesion proteins. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that endogenous PTPRU promote glioma progression through their effect on β-catenin and focal adhesion signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichuan Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yongjie Liu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kui Li
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and
| | - Zhiqi Xiong
- Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zelan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China, Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Neurosurgical Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China and Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Henriksen M, Johnsen KB, Olesen P, Pilgaard L, Duroux M. MicroRNA expression signatures and their correlation with clinicopathological features in glioblastoma multiforme. Neuromolecular Med 2014; 16:565-77. [PMID: 24817689 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-014-8309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The increasing interest in identifying molecular biomarkers to determine patient prognosis in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has resulted in several microRNA (miRNA)-based signatures able to predict progression-free and overall survival. However, the coherency between these signatures is small, and correlations to clinicopathological features other than survival are seldom seen. The aim of this study was to identify any significant relationship between miRNA signatures and clinicopathological data by combining pathological features with miRNA and mRNA analysis in fourteen GBM patients. In total, 161 miRNAs were shown to cluster the GBM tumor samples into long- and short-term-surviving patients. Many of these miRNAs were associated with differential expression in GBM, including a number of miRNAs shown to confer risk or protection with respect to clinical outcome and to modulate the mesenchymal mode of migration and invasion. An inverse relationship between miR-125b and nestin expression was identified and correlated with overall survival in GBM patients, eloquently illustrating how clinicopathological findings and molecular profiling may be a relevant combination to predict patient outcome. The intriguing finding that many of the differentially expressed miRNAs contained exosome-packaging motifs in their mature sequences suggests that we must expand our view to encompass the complex intercellular communication in order to identify molecular prognostic biomarkers and to increase our knowledge in the field of GBM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Henriksen
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Institute of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg Ø, Denmark
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Qin L. Mesenchymal-mode migration assay and antimetastatic drug screening with high-throughput microfluidic channel networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2344-8. [PMID: 24478127 PMCID: PMC3973404 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that activated mesenchymal migration is a key process of the metastatic cascade. Cancer cells usually gain such migratory capability through an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Herein we present a high-throughput microfluidic device with 3120 microchambers to specifically monitor mesenchymal migration. Through imaging of the whole chip and statistical analysis, we can evaluate the two key factors of velocity and percentage related to cell migratory capacity at different cell densities in culture. We also used the device to screen antimetastatic drugs for their inhibition of mesenchymal migration and prevention of metastatic malignancy. This device will provide an excellent platform for biologists to gain a better understanding of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Zhang
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave. Houston, TX, United States 77030
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave. Houston, TX, United States 77030
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Lidong Qin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave. Houston, TX, United States 77030
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
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48
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Uy BR, Tan LA, Byrne RW. Recurrent glioblastoma multiforme presents as a mirror image in the contralateral temporal lobe. Br J Neurosurg 2014; 28:697-8. [PMID: 24533590 DOI: 10.3109/02688697.2014.887659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Uy
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, IL , USA
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49
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Qin L. Mesenchymal-Mode Migration Assay and Antimetastatic Drug Screening with High-Throughput Microfluidic Channel Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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50
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Vehlow A, Cordes N. Invasion as target for therapy of glioblastoma multiforme. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2013; 1836:236-44. [PMID: 23891970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The survival of cancer patients suffering from glioblastoma multiforme is limited to just a few months even after treatment with the most advanced techniques. The indefinable borders of glioblastoma cell infiltration into the surrounding healthy tissue prevent complete surgical removal. In addition, genetic mutations, epigenetic modifications and microenvironmental heterogeneity cause resistance to radio- and chemotherapy altogether resulting in a hardly to overcome therapeutic scenario. Therefore, the development of efficient therapeutic strategies to combat these tumors requires a better knowledge of genetic and proteomic alterations as well as the infiltrative behavior of glioblastoma cells and how this can be targeted. Among many cell surface receptors, members of the integrin family are known to regulate glioblastoma cell invasion in concert with extracellular matrix degrading proteases. While preclinical and early clinical trials suggested specific integrin targeting as a promising therapeutic approach, clinical trials failed to deliver improved cure rates up to now. Little is known about glioblastoma cell motility, but switches in invasion modes and adaption to specific microenvironmental cues as a consequence of treatment may maintain tumor cell resistance to therapy. Thus, understanding the molecular basis of integrin and protease function for glioblastoma cell invasion in the context of radiochemotherapy is a pressing issue and may be beneficial for the design of efficient therapeutic approaches. This review article summarizes the latest findings on integrins and extracellular matrix in glioblastoma and adds some perspective thoughts on how this knowledge might be exploited for optimized multimodal therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vehlow
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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