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Guan R, Li Z, Dai X, Zou W, Yu X, Liu H, Chen Q, Teng W, Liu P, Liu X, Dong S. Electroacupuncture at GV20‑GB7 regulates mitophagy to protect against neurological deficits following intracerebral hemorrhage via inhibition of apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:492. [PMID: 33955500 PMCID: PMC8127033 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The acupuncture penetrating line of Baihui (GV20) to Qubin (GB7) spans the parietal, frontal and temporal lobes. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which electroacupuncture (EA) at GV20‑GB7 regulates mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and whether it serves a neuroprotective role. A whole blood‑induced ICH model was used. Mitophagy‑regulating proteins, including BCL/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa‑interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), PTEN‑induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin and apoptosis‑associated proteins were detected by western blotting; autophagy following ICH was evaluated by immunofluorescent techniques; morphological characteristics of mitophagy were observed using transmission electron microscopy; and TUNEL assay was performed to determine the number of apoptotic cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect p53 expression. The protective role of EA (GV20‑GB7) via enhanced mitophagy and suppressed apoptosis in ICH was further confirmed by decreased modified neurological severity score. The results showed that EA (GV20‑GB7) treatment upregulated mitochondrial autophagy following ICH and inhibited apoptotic cell death. The mechanism underlying EA (GV20‑GB7) treatment may involve inhibition of p53, an overlapping protein of autophagy and apoptosis. EA (GV20‑GB7) treatment decreased neurobehavioral deficits following ICH but pretreatment with 3‑methyladenine counteracted the beneficial effects of EA (GV20‑GB7) treatment. In conclusion, EA (GV20‑GB7) improved recovery from ICH by regulating the balance between mitophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiao Guan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- Clinical Key Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, London South Bank University, London SE1 6RD, UK
- The Clinic of Traditional Chinese Medicine, London Confucius Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, London SE1 0AA, UK
| | - Zhihao Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Dai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Xueping Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 315099, P.R. China
| | - Qiuxin Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- Clinical Key Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Wei Teng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Dong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
- Clinical Key Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
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Kim J. Visualizing Electrical Potential Distribution Using a Point-by-Point Scanning Method: Preliminary Investigation on the Bioactive Points over the Skins of Rodents. Med Acupunct 2016. [DOI: 10.1089/acu.2016.1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jungdae Kim
- Primo Research Laboratory, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Pharmacopuncture Medical Research Center, Korean Pharmacopuncture Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Guo Y, Cao DY, Zhang ZJ, Yao FR, Wang HS, Zhao Y. Electrical signal propagated across acupoints along Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian in rats. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 22:537-44. [PMID: 26631142 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the electrical signals propagated along Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian (BL) in a rat model. METHODS The experiments were performed on Dark-Agouti (DA), DA.1U and Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The antidromic electrical stimulation was applied on the nerve innervating "Pishu" (BL 20) to mimic the acupoint electro-acupuncture (EA). The activities recording from adjacent nerve innervating acupoint "Danshu" (BL 19) or "Weishu" (BL 21) were recorded as indics for acupoint, including the mechanical threshold and discharge rate. RESULTS After mimic EA on BL 20, C and Aδ units from adjacent BL 19 or BL 21 were sensitized including the decrease in mechanical threshold and increase in discharge rates in DA, DA.1U and SD rats, especially in DA rats. The average discharge rate increased from 2.40±0.26 to 6.06±0.55 and from 1.92±0.42 to 6.17±1.10 impulse/min (P<0.01), and the mechanical threshold decreased from 0.52±0.12 to 0.24±0.05 and from 0.27±0.02 to 0.16±0.01 mmol/L (P<0.01) in C (n=15) and Aδ (n=18) units in DA rats. The net change in discharge rates from C units were 152.5%, 144.7% and 42.4% in DA, DA.1U and SD rats, respectively, among which DA rat's was the highest (P<0.05). In Aδ units, the net change in DA rats were also the highest (221.5%, 139.2% and 49.2% in DA, DA.1U and SD rats). CONCLUSIONS These results showed that mimic acupoint EA activated adjacent acupoints along BL in three rat strains, which might be related to propagated sensation along meridians (PSM). In addition, DA rats were more sensitive and might be a good model animal for PSM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basal Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Dong-Yuan Cao
- Research Center for Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fan-Rong Yao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basal Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hui-Sheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basal Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basal Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Abstract
Meridian essence has been investigated through anatomy, electrophysiology, biophysics, and biochemistry. Various hypotheses of meridian essence exist, but no hypothesis can truly reflect the internal character of Chinese medicine (CM). The research of meridian essence requires a holistic viewpoint and innovative awareness. Initially, any hypothesis regarding meridian essence should begin with observation of the human body. Secondly, the research should arise from the meridians' physical functions and pathological changes, so as to maintain the fundamental nature of the meridians themselves. Thirdly, the research should be based upon the theory of CM, yet coupled with the integration of modern techniques to deepen our understanding of the scientific contents of meridians. Fourthly, theoretical research should be combined closely with clinical practice, in order to test the achievements in actual conditions. Lastly, more attention should be given to negative results in studies to more accurately discover the real essence of meridians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-ru Jiang
- Center of Clinical Evaluation, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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