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Jia Z, Wen T, Zhang Y. Possible mechanisms of treatment for spinal cord injury repair with tanshinone IIA. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1277755. [PMID: 37808475 PMCID: PMC10551456 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1277755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA serves as a coenzyme for certain biochemical reactions, exhibiting various pharmacological effects in the treatment of neurological diseases including spinal cord injury (SCI), however, its working mechanism in the treatment of SCI is not clear. Based on previous research, we believe that tanshinone IIA promotes the survival and repair of nerves after spinal cord injury through its pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and prevention of cellular apoptosis in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlin Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Class 6 of Year 2021 Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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Sherawat K, Mehan S. Tanshinone-IIA mediated neuroprotection by modulating neuronal pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1647-1667. [PMID: 37010572 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The progression of neurological diseases is mainly attributed to oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and trauma, making them a primary public concern. Since no drugs can stop these neurological disorders from happening, active phytochemical intervention has been suggested as a possible treatment. Among the several phytochemicals being studied for their potential health advantages, tanshinone-IIA (Tan-IIA ) stands out due to its wide range of therapeutic effects. Tan-IIA, derived from the Salvia miltiorrhiza plant, is a phenanthrenequinone. The pharmacological characteristics of Tan-IIAagainst various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses have led researchers to believe that the compound possesses neuroprotective potential. Tan-IIA has therapeutic potential in treating neurological diseases due to its capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and its broad range of activities. In treating neurological disorders, Tan-IIA has been shown to have neuroprotective effects such as anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, BBB protectant, and antioxidant properties. This article concisely summarises the latest scientific findings about the cellular and molecular aspects of Tan-IIA neuroprotection in relation to various neurological diseases. The results of preclinical studies on Tan-IIA provide insight into its potential application in future therapeutic development. This molecule rapidly establishes as a prominent bioactive compound for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Sherawat
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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Si J, Liu B, Qi K, Chen X, Li D, Yang S, Ji E. Tanshinone IIA inhibited intermittent hypoxia induced neuronal injury through promoting autophagy via AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 315:116677. [PMID: 37268259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is the primary pathophysiological process of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and is closely linked to neurocognitive dysfunction. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to improve cognitive impairment. Studies have shown that Tan IIA has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties and provides protection in intermittent hypoxia (IH) conditions. However, the specific mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the protective effect and mechanism of Tan IIA treatment on neuronal injury in HT22 cells exposed to IH. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study established an HT22 cell model exposed to IH (0.1% O2 3 min/21% O2 7 min for six cycles/h). Cell viability was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8, and cell injury was determined using the LDH release assay. Mitochondrial damage and cell apoptosis were observed using the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Apoptosis Detection Kit. Oxidative stress was assessed using DCFH-DA staining and flow cytometry. The level of autophagy was assessed using the Cell Autophagy Staining Test Kit and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Western blot was used to detect the expressions of the AMPK-mTOR pathway, LC3, P62, Beclin-1, Nrf2, HO-1, SOD2, NOX2, Bcl-2/Bax, and caspase-3. RESULTS The study showed that Tan IIA significantly improved HT22 cell viability under IH conditions. Tan IIA treatment improved mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased cell apoptosis, inhibited oxidative stress, and increased autophagy levels in HT22 cells under IH conditions. Furthermore, Tan IIA increased AMPK phosphorylation and LC3II/I, Beclin-1, Nrf2, HO-1, SOD2, and Bcl-2/Bax expressions, while decreasing mTOR phosphorylation and NOX2 and cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 expressions. CONCLUSION The study suggested that Tan IIA significantly ameliorated neuronal injury in HT22 cells exposed to IH. The neuroprotective mechanism of Tan IIA may mainly be related to inhibiting oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis by activating the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway under IH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchao Si
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bingbing Liu
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kerong Qi
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongli Li
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengchang Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Combined Hydrogen Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ensheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Combined Hydrogen Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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Li ZH, Cheng L, Wen C, Ding L, You QY, Zhang SB. Activation of CNR1/PI3K/AKT Pathway by Tanshinone IIA Protects Hippocampal Neurons and Ameliorates Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:823732. [PMID: 35295327 PMCID: PMC8920044 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.823732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation is commonplace in modern society, Short periods of continuous sleep deprivation (SD) may negatively affect brain and behavioral function and may lead to vehicle accidents and medical errors. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is an important lipid-soluble component of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which could exert neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of neuroprotective effect of Tan IIA on acute sleep deprivation-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats. Tan IIA ameliorated behavioral abnormalities in sleep deprived rats, enhanced behavioral performance in WMW and NOR experiments, increased hippocampal dendritic spine density, and attenuated atrophic loss of hippocampal neurons. Tan IIA enhanced the expression of CB1, PI3K, AKT, STAT3 in rat hippocampus and down-regulated the expression ratio of Bax to Bcl-2. These effects were inhibited by cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist (AM251). In conclusion, Tan IIA can play a neuroprotective role by activating the CNR1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to antagonize apoptosis in the hippocampus and improve sleep deprivation-induced spatial recognition and learning memory dysfunction in rats. Our study suggests that Tan IIA may be a candidate for the prevention of sleep deprivation-induced dysfunction in spatial recognition and learning memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Heng Li
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun Wen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ding
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu-Yun You
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun-Bo Zhang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Wang X, Guo D, Li W, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Wang Q, Li C, Qiu Q, Wang Y. Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) restricts MD2/TLR4-MyD88 complex formation and signalling in acute myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10677-10692. [PMID: 32757377 PMCID: PMC7521313 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) represents a major public health burden. Inflammation has been shown to be a critical factor in the progression of HF, regardless of the aetiology. Disappointingly, the majority of clinical trials targeting aspects of inflammation in patients with HF have been largely negative. Many clinical researches demonstrate that danshen has a good efficacy on HF, and however, whether danshen exerts anti‐inflammatory effects against HF remains unclear. In our study, the employment of a water extracted and alcohol precipitated of danshen extract attenuated cardiac dysfunction and inflammation response in acute myocardial infarction‐induced HF rats. Transcriptome technique and validation results revealed that TLR4 signalling pathway was involved in the anti‐inflammation effects of danshen. In vitro, danshen reduced the release of inflammatory mediators in LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Besides, the LPS‐stimulated macrophage conditioned media was applied to induce cardiac H9C2 cells injury, which could be attenuated by danshen. Furtherly, knock‐down and overexpression of TLR4 were utilized to confirm that danshen ameliorated inflammatory injury via MyD88‐dependent TLR4‐TRAF6‐NF‐κB signalling pathway in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, by utilizing co‐immunoprecipitation, danshen was proved to suppress MD2/TLR4 complex formation and MyD88 recruitment. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that danshen ameliorates inflammatory injury by controlling MD2/TLR4‐MyD88 complex formation and TLR4‐TRAF6‐NF‐κB signalling pathway in acute myocardial infarction‐induced HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqing Guo
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Alessandrino A, Fregnan F, Biagiotti M, Muratori L, Bassani GA, Ronchi G, Vincoli V, Pierimarchi P, Geuna S, Freddi G. SilkBridge™: a novel biomimetic and biocompatible silk-based nerve conduit. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4112-4130. [PMID: 31359013 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00783k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (Bombyx mori) was used to manufacture a nerve conduit (SilkBridge™) characterized by a novel 3D architecture. The wall of the conduit consists of two electrospun layers (inner and outer) and one textile layer (middle), perfectly integrated at the structural and functional level. The manufacturing technology conferred high compression strength on the device, thus meeting clinical requirements for physiological and pathological compressive stresses. In vitro cell interaction studies were performed through direct contact assays with SilkBridge™ using the glial RT4-D6P2T cells, a schwannoma cell line, and a mouse motor neuron NSC-34 cell line. The results revealed that the material is capable of sustaining cell proliferation, that the glial RT4-D6P2T cells increased their density and organized themselves in a glial-like morphology, and that NSC-34 motor neurons exhibited a greater neuritic length with respect to the control substrate. In vivo pilot assays were performed on adult female Wistar rats. A 10 mm long gap in the median nerve was repaired with 12 mm SilkBridge™. At two weeks post-operation several cell types colonized the lumen. Cells and blood vessels were also visible between the different layers of the conduit wall. Moreover, the presence of regenerated myelinated fibers with a thin myelin sheath at the proximal level was observed. Taken together, all these results demonstrated that SilkBridge™ has an optimized balance of biomechanical and biological properties, being able to sustain a perfect cellular colonization of the conduit and the progressive growth of the regenerating nerve fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Fregnan
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - M Biagiotti
- Silk Biomaterials Srl, 22074 Lomazzo (Co), Italy.
| | - L Muratori
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - G A Bassani
- Silk Biomaterials Srl, 22074 Lomazzo (Co), Italy.
| | - G Ronchi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - V Vincoli
- Silk Biomaterials Srl, 22074 Lomazzo (Co), Italy.
| | - P Pierimarchi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, 00083 Rome, Italy
| | - S Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - G Freddi
- Silk Biomaterials Srl, 22074 Lomazzo (Co), Italy.
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Ma H, Wang Y, Xue Y, Huang D, Kong Y, Zhao X, Zhang M. The effect of Xinkeshu tablets on depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with coronary artery disease: Results from a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108639. [PMID: 30784924 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A large proportion of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) suffer from depression or anxiety symptoms and this is associated with increased mortality [1]. This double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial (ChiCTR-IPR-17010940) aimed to explore whether Xinkeshu tablets can reduce anxiety or depressive symptoms in CAD patients and how this is related to the concentration of plasma cytokines. Sixty patients with CAD anda Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-a/HADS-d) score of ≥8 were treated with Xinkeshu tablets or placebo for 12 weeks following percutaneous revascularization. Depressive/anxiety symptoms and the levels of 440 peripheral blood cytokines were evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks treatment. Results showed significantly lower (P < 0.05) HADS-a/HADS-d and PHQ-9 scores in CAD patients treated with Xinkeshu tablets than in those who received placebo. These improvements were associated with changes in certain peripheral blood cytokines; most notably trappin-2, adiponectin, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), thrombopoietin, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and transferrin. A significant correlation between anxiety/depression symptoms and trappin-2, NT-3, transferrin, and ALCAM (p < 0.05) were observed in an independent cohort of patients with CAD. These findings were in-keeping with the anti-depressive effects of Xinkeshu tablets. This trial demonstrates that Xinkeshu tablets can improve anxiety and depression symtoms effectively address in patients with coronary heart disease possibly through increasing the blood ratio of anti-inflammatory:pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ma
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - YunLian Xue
- Department of Statistics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daozheng Huang
- Intensive Care Unit of Guangdong Geriatric Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjie Kong
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xujie Zhao
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minzhou Zhang
- The Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang S, Lin H, Cong W. Chinese Medicines Improve Perimenopausal Symptoms Induced by Surgery, Chemoradiotherapy, or Endocrine Treatment for Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:174. [PMID: 30930771 PMCID: PMC6428993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of surgery, chemoradiotherapy, and endocrine treatment successfully increases survival rates of breast cancer patients. However, perimenopausal symptoms, the main side effects of these treatments, often afflict patients and reduce their quality of life. Perimenopausal symptoms include vasomotor symptoms, sleep problems, arthromuscular symptoms, and osteoporosis. Currently, there are no satisfactory treatments for perimenopausal symptoms that result from these treatments. Therefore, alternative and complementary therapies including herbal medicines represented by Chinese medicines (CMs), acupuncture, massage, and psychotherapy are increasingly being expected and explored. In this paper, we review the effects and potentials of several CM formulae, along with some active ingredients or fractions from CMs, Chinese herbal extracts, and other herbal medicines, which have drawn attention for improving perimenopausal symptoms in breast cancer patients. We also elaborate their possible mechanisms. Moreover, further studies for evaluation of standardized clinical efficacy should be scientifically well-designed and continuously performed to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of CMs for perimenopausal symptoms due to breast cancer therapy. The safety and value of estrogen-containing CMs for breast cancer should also be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Oncology of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongsheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Cong
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu X, Niu Y, Xie W, Wei D, Du Q. Tanshinone IIA promotes osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells via ERK1/2-dependent Runx2 induction. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:340-350. [PMID: 30787991 PMCID: PMC6357334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the dental or craniofacial origin include Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), which are able to readily differentiate into osteoblasts. Tanshinone IIA (TSA) is a diterpene quinone compound that is derived from Danshen (also known as Salvia miltiorrhiza) used frequently in the context of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This study sought to assess how TSA affects the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. We found that TSA promotes both this differentiation and hPDLSC maturation. This was dependent on TSA-mediated activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and ERK1/2 inhibition disrupted TSA-induced Runx2 expression. From these results, we conclude that TSA can induce hPDLSC osteogenesis through the ERK1/2-Runx2 axis, suggesting that TSA is a viable therapeutic option for regenerative medical approaches aimed at the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yumei Niu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Weili Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Daqing Wei
- Harbin Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qing Du
- Harbin Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Tanshinone IIA attenuates nerve structural and functional damage induced by nerve crush injury in rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202532. [PMID: 30138344 PMCID: PMC6107165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
After peripheral nerve crush injury, the fibers of distal nerve segments gradually disintegrate, and axons regrow from the proximal nerve segment, eventually reaching the target organ. However, the axon regeneration is generally not sufficient for the recovery of neurological function, so drug therapy is necessary. In the current study, we explored the effect of Tanshinone IIA in nerve regeneration in a sciatic nerve crush injury model using Sprague Dawley rats. The rats were administered 45 mg/kg of Tanshinone IIA once daily. Motor behavior and tibialis anterior muscle mass were assessed, and histological analysis of the sciatic nerve and lumbar spinal cord were conducted. The results showed that the administration of Tanshinone IIA improved nerve growth and motor function, and resulted in a marked decrease of neuronal death. The findings of this exploratory study suggest that Tanshinone IIA alleviates injury and boosts regeneration after nerve crush injury in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury.
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Feng FB, Qiu HY. Neuroprotective effect of tanshinone IIA against neuropathic pain in diabetic rats through the Nrf2/ARE and NF-κB signaling pathways. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2018; 34:428-437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Zhang XM, Ma J, Sun Y, Yu BQ, Jiao ZM, Wang D, Yu MY, Li JY, Fu J. Tanshinone IIA promotes the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal-like cells in a spinal cord injury model. J Transl Med 2018; 16:193. [PMID: 30001730 PMCID: PMC6044071 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most severe central nervous system injuries. Currently, transplanting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is considered a therapeutic option for SCI. Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) is one of the extracts obtained from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, which has been shown to have some protective effects against SCI. The present research was aimed to explore whether TIIA would influence the fate of transplanted BMSCs in a rat model of SCI, especially with regard to their differentiation into neuronal cells. Methods Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from immature rats and identified using flow cytometry. After SCI, 1.0 × 107 cells labeled with PKH67 were transfused into the injured spinal cord. TIIA was first injected into the tail vein (30 mg/kg) 1 h before surgery. From day 1 to day 7 post-SCI, TIIA was injected (20 mg/kg) per day at the same time. Recovery of locomotor function and histological regeneration of the spinal cord were compared among the groups, with the differentiation and distribution of BMSCs determined anatomically and biochemically by the expression of neural cell markers. Results Locomotor assessments showed that the rats in the BMSCs + TIIA group exhibited higher scores (19.33 ± 0.58) than those in the other groups (13.67 ± 1.53, 17.67 ± 0.58, 18.00 ± 1.73). The area of the cavity in the BMSCs + TIIA rats was smaller than that in the other groups (1.30 ± 0.56, 10.39 ± 1.59, 6.84 ± 1.18, 4.36 ± 0.69). Co-expression of glial fibrillary acid protein was observed in transplanted BMSCs, with a reduced rate in the BMSCs + TIIA group relative to that in the SCI group. In contrast, the expression levels of Nestin, neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) and neurofilament protein 200 (NF200) were greatest in the transplanted cells in the BMSCs + TIIA group. Conclusions Tanshinone IIA treatment enhances the therapeutic effects of BMSC transplant on SCI, likely by promoting the differentiation of neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Qian Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Min Jiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Yu Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Yue Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Fu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 XueFu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
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Fang C, Xie L, Liu C, Fu C, Ye W, Liu H, Zhang B. Tanshinone IIA improves hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy through TLR‑4‑mediated NF‑κB signal pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1899-1908. [PMID: 29956801 PMCID: PMC6072156 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the most common brain injury following hypoxia and/or ischemia caused by various factors during the perinatal period, resulting in detrimental neurological deficits in the nervous system. Tanshinone IIA (Tan‑IIA) is a potential agent for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this study, the efficacy of Tan‑IIA was investigated in a newborn mouse model of HIE. The dynamic mechanism of Tan‑IIA was also investigated in the central nervous system of neonate mice. Intravenous injection of Tan‑IIA (5 mg/kg) was administered and changes in oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis‑associated proteins in neurons. Histology and immunohistochemistry was used to determine infarct volume and the number of damaged neurons by Fluoro‑Jade C staining. The effects of Tan‑IIA on mice with HIE were evaluated by body weight, brain water content, neurobehavioral tests and blood‑brain barrier permeability. The results demonstrated that the apoptosis rate was decreased following Tan‑IIA administration. Expression levels of pro‑apoptotic proteins, caspase‑3 and caspase‑9 and P53 were downregulated. Expression of Bcl‑2 anti‑apoptotic proteins was upregulated by Tan‑IIA treatment in neuro. Results also found that Tan‑IIA treatment decreased production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin‑1, tumor necrosis factor‑α, C‑X‑C motif chemokine 10, and chemokine (C‑C motif) ligand 12. Oxidative stress was also reduced by Tan‑IIA in neurons, as determined by the expression levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase, and the production of reactive oxygen species. The results demonstrated that Tan‑IIA treatment reduced the infarct volume and the number of damaged neurons. Furthermore, body weight, brain water content and blood‑brain barrier permeability were markedly improved by Tan‑IIA treatment of newborn mice following HIE. Furthermore, the results indicated that Tan‑IIA decreased Toll‑like receptor‑4 (TLR‑4) and nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) expression in neurons. TLR‑4 treatment of neuronal cell in vitro addition stimulated NF‑κB activity, and further enhanced the production of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress levels in neurons. In conclusion, these results suggest that Tan‑IIA treatment is beneficial for improvement of HIE through TLR‑4‑mediated NF‑κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Fang
- Department of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Lili Xie
- Department of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Fu
- Department of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Binghong Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Abstract
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by the presence of hyperphosphorylated tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain and include Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia, which lack effective disease-modifying treatments. The presence of NFTs is known to correlate with cognition impairment, suggesting that targeting tau hyperphosphorylation may be therapeutically effective. MLC901 is a herbal formulation that is currently used in poststroke recovery and consists of nine herbal components. Previously, several components of MLC901 have been shown to have an effect on tau phosphorylation, but it remains unknown whether MLC901 itself has the same effect. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of MLC901 on ameliorating tau phosphorylation at epitopes associated with NFT formation. A stably transfected cell culture model expressing tau harboring the P301S mutation was generated and treated with various concentrations of MLC901 across different time points. Tau phosphorylation profiles and protein levels of enzymes associated with tau phosphorylation were assessed using western blotting. One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis showed that MLC901 significantly reduced tau phosphorylation at epitopes recognized by the AT8, AT270, and PHF-13 antibodies. MLC901 also induced a significant increase in the s9 phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β and a concurrent decrease in the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 5, as measured by a significant decrease in the levels of p35/cyclin-dependent kinase 5. Our results provide supporting evidence to further study the effects of MLC901 on tau pathology and cognition using mouse models of tauopathy.
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15
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Li M, Wang J, Ding L, Meng H, Wang F, Luo Z. Tanshinone IIA attenuates nerve transection injury associated with nerve regeneration promotion in rats. Neurosci Lett 2017; 659:18-25. [PMID: 28859867 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is the major pharmacological constituent of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) for the therapeutic purpose of preventing ischemic injury and treating cerebrovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential neuroprotective effects of Tan IIA in sciatic nerve transection injury. We investigated the possible beneficial effects of Tan IIA in promoting nerve regeneration after nerve transection injury in rats. Nerve transection injury was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by left sciatic nerve transection. After neuroanastomosis, the rats were intraperitoneally (IP) injected with 6mg/kg, 15mg/kg, or 40mg/kg Tan IIA once daily for 12 weeks; the vehicle and positive control groups were injected with normal saline and mecobalamin (MeCbl, 100μg/kg), respectively. Axonal regeneration and functional recovery were evaluated by a range of morphological and functional measures 12 weeks after neuroanastomosis. The administration of 15mg/kg and 40mg/kg Tan IIA and MeCbl achieved better axonal regeneration with significant restoration of motor function as well as a marked decrease in Fluoro-Gold (FG)-labeled neurons and increased nerve regeneration. At 12 weeks post-surgery, 40mg/kg Tan IIA showed a better neuroprotective effect than 15mg/kg Tan IIA and MeCbl. There were no statistical differences between the 15mg/kg Tan IIA and MeCbl groups or the control and 6mg/kg Tan IIA groups. Our findings demonstrate that Tan IIA can alleviate nerve injury and promote nerve regeneration in a sciatic nerve transection model in rats, providing supportive evidence for Tan IIA as an effective potential therapeutic remedy for peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Lixiang Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hao Meng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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16
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The Proliferation Enhancing Effects of Salidroside on Schwann Cells In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:4673289. [PMID: 28680451 PMCID: PMC5478829 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4673289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Derived from Rhodiola rosea L., which is a popular plant in Eastern Europe and Asia, salidroside has pharmacological properties including antiviral, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, and antioxidative effects. Recent studies show that salidroside has neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects. However, the effect of salidroside on Schwann cells (SCs) and the underlying mechanisms of the salidroside-induced neurotrophin secretion have seldom been studied. In this study, the effect of salidroside on the survival, proliferation, and gene expression of Schwann cells lineage (RSC96) was studied through the examinations of the cell viability, proliferation, morphology, and expression of neurotrophic factor related genes including BDNF, GDNF, and CDNF at 2, 4, and 6 days, respectively. These results showed that salidroside significantly enhanced survival and proliferation of SCs. The underlying mechanism might involve that salidroside affected SCs growth through the modulation of several neurotrophic factors including BDNF, GDNF, and CDNF. As for the concentration, 0.4 mM, 0.2 mM, and 0.1 mM of salidroside were recommended, especially 0.2 mM. This investigation indicates that salidroside is capable of enhancing SCs survival and function in vitro, which highlights the possibility that salidroside as a drug agent to promote nerve regeneration in cellular nerve scaffold through salidroside-induced neurotrophin secretion in SCs.
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Zuo W, Wu H, Zhang K, Lv P, Xu F, Jiang W, Zheng L, Zhao J. Baicalin promotes the viability of Schwann cells in vitro by regulating neurotrophic factors. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:507-514. [PMID: 28672960 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The proliferation and migration of Schwann cells (SCs) are key events in the process of peripheral nerve repair. This is required to promote the growth of SCs and is a challenge during the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Baicalin is a natural herb-derived flavonoid compound, which has been reported to possess neuroprotective effects on rats with permanent brain ischemia and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells. The association of baicalin with neuroprotection leads to the suggestion that baicalin may exert effects on the growth of SCs. In the present study, the effects of baicalin on SCs of RSC96 were investigated. RSC96 SCs were treated with various concentrations of baicalin (0, 5, 10 or 20 µM) for 2, 4 and 6 days. Cell attachment, viability and gene expression were monitored via the MTT assay and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The gene expression levels of several neurotrophic factors, such as glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor, which are considered important factors in the process of never cell regeneration, were detected. The results indicated that baicalin was able to promote the viability of RSC96 SCs in a dose-dependent manner and the concentration of 20 µM of baicalin exhibited the greatest cell viability and gene expression of the studied neurotrophic factors. The present findings suggested that baicalin likely affects SCs metabolism, through modulating the expression of neurotrophic factors. To conclude, the present study indicates that baicalin may be potential therapeutic agent for treating peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpu Zuo
- Medical and Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Huayu Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Premedical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Peizhen Lv
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Fuben Xu
- Medical and Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guangxi High School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Weizhe Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Li Zheng
- Medical and Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guangxi High School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guangxi High School, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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18
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Chang YM, Chang HH, Tsai CC, Lin HJ, Ho TJ, Ye CX, Chiu PL, Chen YS, Chen RJ, Huang CY, Lin CC. Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruit extract activates IGFR-PI3K/Akt signaling to induce Schwann cell proliferation and sciatic nerve regeneration. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:184. [PMID: 28359314 PMCID: PMC5374583 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that the medicinal herb Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. is widely used as a remedy for diarrhea as well as the symptoms accompanying hypertension and cerebrovascular disorders. Moreover, it has also been reported that Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. has beneficial effects on anti-senescence and neuro-protection. This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms by which the Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits promote neuron regeneration. METHODS A piece of silicone rubber was guided across a 15 mm gap in the sciatic nerve of a rat. This nerve gap was then filled with various doses of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits to assess their regenerative effect on damaged nerves. Further, we investigated the role of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits in RSC96 Schwann cell proliferation. RESULTS Our current results showed that treatment with the extract of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits triggers the phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor- phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase pathway, and up-regulated the proliferating cell nuclear antigen in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis on RSC96 Schwann cells showed that, after exposure to Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruit extract, the transition from the first gap phase to the synthesis phase occurs in 12-18 h. The expression of the cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclin D1, cyclin E and cyclin A increased in a dose-dependent manner. Transfection with a small interfering RNA blocked the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and induced down-regulation both on the mRNA and protein levels, which resulted in a reduction of the expression of the survival factor B-cell lymphoma 2. CONCLUSION We provide positive results that demonstrate that Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits facilitate the survival and proliferation of RSC96 cells via insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling.
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19
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Ting WJ, Huang CY, Jiang CH, Lin YM, Chung LC, Shen CY, Pai P, Lin KH, Viswanadha VP, Liao SC. Treatment with 17β-Estradiol Reduced Body Weight and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Animal Model of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030629. [PMID: 28335423 PMCID: PMC5372642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) play important roles in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Recently, these estrogen receptors were reconsidered as an important treatment target of obesity leading to CVD. In this study, 17β-estradiol (17β-E) replacement therapy applied to high-fat diet-induced obese C57B male mice and ovariectomized (OVX) rats were evaluated, and the protective effects against high-fat diet-induced obesity were assessed in C57B mouse hearts. The results showed that 17β-E treatment activated both ERα and ERβ, and ERβ levels increased in a dose-dependent manner in high-fat diet C57B mouse cardiomyocytes following 17β-E treatment. Notably, an almost 16% reduction in body weight was observed in the 17β-E-treated (12 μg/kg/day for 60 days) high-fat diet-induced obese C57B male mice. These results suggested that 17β-E supplements may reduce CVD risk due to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Ting
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, B24 Yinquan South Road, Qingyuan 511518, China.
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, 500 Lioufeng Road, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
| | - Chong-He Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, B24 Yinquan South Road, Qingyuan 511518, China.
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanxiao Street, Changhua 50006, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, 79-9 Sha-Luen Hu, Hou-Loung Town, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Chin Chung
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, China Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, 60, Section 1, Erren Road, Rende District, Tainan 71710, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, 23 Pingguang Road, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
| | - Peiying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | | | - Shih-Chieh Liao
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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20
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Lee WD, Liang YJ, Chen BH. Effects of tanshinone nanoemulsion and extract on inhibition of lung cancer cells A549. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:495101. [PMID: 27834307 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/49/495101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), a Chinese medicinal herb, consists of several functional components including tanshinones responsible for prevention of several chronic diseases. This study intends to prepare tanshinone extract and nanoemulsion from danshen and determine their inhibition effect on lung cancer cells A549. A highly stable tanshinone nanoemulsion composed of Capryol 90, Tween 80, ethanol and deionized water with the mean particle size of 14.2 nm was successfully prepared. Tanshinone nanoemulsion was found to be more effective in inhibiting A549 proliferation than tanshinone extract. Both nanoemulsion and extract could penetrate into cytoplasm through endocytosis, with the former being more susceptible than the latter. A dose-dependent response in up-regulation of p-JNK, p53 and p21 and down-regulation of CDK2, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 expressions was observed with the cell cycle arrested at G0/G1 phase. The cellular microcompartment change of A549 was also investigated. The study demonstrated that tanshinone nanoemulsion may be used as a botanic drug for treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Lee
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
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21
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Abstract
Tanshinone IIA is a pharmacologically active compound isolated from Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the management of cardiac diseases and other disorders. But its underlying molecular mechanisms of action are still unclear. The present investigation utilized a data mining approach based on network pharmacology to uncover the potential protein targets of Tanshinone IIA. Network pharmacology, an integrated multidisciplinary study, incorporates systems biology, network analysis, connectivity, redundancy, and pleiotropy, providing powerful new tools and insights into elucidating the fine details of drug-target interactions. In the present study, two separate drug-target networks for Tanshinone IIA were constructed using the Agilent Literature Search (ALS) and STITCH (search tool for interactions of chemicals) methods. Analysis of the ALS-constructed network revealed a target network with a scale-free topology and five top nodes (protein targets) corresponding to Fos, Jun, Src, phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1), whereas analysis of the STITCH-constructed network revealed three top nodes corresponding to cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), cytochrome P450 A1 (CYP1A1), and nuclear factor kappa B1 (NFκB1). The discrepancies were probably due to the differences in the divergent computer mining tools and databases employed by the two methods. However, it is conceivable that all eight proteins mediate important biological functions of Tanshinone IIA, contributing to its overall drug-target network. In conclusion, the current results may assist in developing a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of in a simple, compact, and visual manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jun Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, China.
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22
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Ho CY, Yao CH, Chen WC, Shen WC, Bau DT. Electroacupuncture and Acupuncture Promote the Rat's Transected Median Nerve Regeneration. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:514610. [PMID: 23573131 PMCID: PMC3610348 DOI: 10.1155/2013/514610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments of damaged nerves may aid nerve regeneration related to hindlimb function, but the effects on the forelimb-related median nerve were not known. Methods. A gap was made in the median nerve of each rat by suturing the stumps into silicone rubber tubes. The influences of acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments on transected median nerve regeneration were evaluated from morphological, electrophysiological, and functional angles. Results. Morphologically, the group receiving acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments had larger total nerve area and blood vessel number compared with the controls. Electrophysiologically, the group receiving electroacupuncture had significantly larger amplitude and larger area of the evoked muscle action potentials compared with the controls. Functionally, the acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments enhanced the injured paw's ability to regain its grasping power and resulted in a faster efficiency to a new bilateral balance. Conclusion. Our findings provide multiapproach evidence of the efficacy of acupuncture and electroacupuncture treatments to the regeneration of median nerve. Indeed, acupuncture and electroacupuncture appear to have positive effects on the regeneration processes. This platform is beneficial to further study the clinical application of acupuncture and electroacupuncture alternative treatments on nerve-injured patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Y. Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Departments of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - C. H. Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University Hospital, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - W. C. Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - W. C. Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - D. T. Bau
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, 404 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
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23
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Kim WS, Kim DO, Yoon SJ, Kim MJ, Yoon SR, Park YJ, Jung H, Kim TD, Kwon BM, Choi I. Cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA enhance IL-15-induced natural killer cell differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 425:340-7. [PMID: 22842576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are a subset of lymphocytes crucial for innate and adaptive immune responses. Here we show a stimulatory effect of cryptotanshinone (CTS) and tanshinone IIA (TS), isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, on the differentiation of NK cells. In the presence of IL-15, tanshinones increased NK cell maturation, NK cell differentiation and the expression of several transcription factors, including Id2, GATA3, T-bet, and Ets-1. Additionally, tanshinones increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation during NK cell differentiation. Furthermore, the p38 inhibitor SB203580 blocked the developmental effects of the tanshinones and suppressed Id2, T-bet, and Ets-1 expression during NK cell differentiation. These results suggest that tanshinones significantly increased IL-15-induced NK cell differentiation via enhancing the p38 phosphorylation and the expression of transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Sam Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yoosunggu, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea
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24
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Zhou ZH, Weng Q, Zhou JH, Zhou J. Extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge on the cytokines of rat endometriosis models. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2012; 9:303-14. [PMID: 23983360 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v9i3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common mysterious and fascinating gynaecological condition with diverse clinical manifestations, highly variable and unpredictable clinical course with decreased quality of life. Clinically, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB, Chinese Danshen) has been applied to treat endometriosis and get satisfactory results. The present study was aimed to explore the effects of the extracts of SMB (ESMB) on the serum levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and the levels of interleukin (IL)-13, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the peritoneal fluids of rat endometriosis models. Three extraction methods for SMB were compared, which are the sample extracted with conventional method, the sample extracted with espresso coffee machine and the commercial condensed powder of natural products. We determined tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid B and danshensu in the ESMB of different extraction methods. Forty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into ESMB group, Danazol (positive control) group, model group and the sham-operation group (Sham group). After all the treatment ended, the serum levels of CA125 and the levels of IL-13, IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of rat endometriosis models were measured using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) as directed by the manufacturer. The extraction efficiency of the ESMB samples extracted with coffee machine ranged from 600µm to 710µm was the highest. The serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group, Danazol group and Sham group were significantly lower than those of the Model group (P<0.05). The serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids of Danazol group and ESMB group were significantly higher than those of Sham group, respectively (P<0.05), and no marked difference existed between them (P>0.05). The levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group, Danazol group and Sham group were significantly higher than those of the Model group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids of ESMB group and Danazol group were significantly lower than those of Sham group (P<0.05), and there was no marked difference between ESMB group and Sham group (P>0.05). ESMB shows promises in treating endometriosis by markedly decreasing the serum levels of CA-125 and the levels of IL-18 and TNF-alpha in the peritoneal fluids and significantly increasing the levels of IL-13 in the peritoneal fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan-Hua Zhou
- School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
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Tao X, Jing-bo P, Wen-tong Z, Xin Z, Tao-tao Z, Shi-jun Y, Lei F, Zhong-mei Z, Da-yong C. Antiatherogenic and Anti-Ischemic Properties of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xinkeshu via Endothelial Protecting Function. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2011; 2012:302137. [PMID: 22007259 PMCID: PMC3191825 DOI: 10.1155/2012/302137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Including herbal medicine, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is popular worldwide. The traditional Chinese medicine xinkeshu has been widely used to treat coronary heart disease in China. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect and probable mechanism of xinkeshu tablet to atherosclerotic myocardial ischemia rabbit. Rabbits were divided into four groups (n = 12 each) and fed with different diet for 12 weeks: Control (standard diet), Model (high-cholesterol diet), XKS (high-cholesterol diet with 184.8 mg/kg/d xinkeshu), and Atorvastatin (high-cholesterol diet with 5.0 mg/kg/d atorvastatin). Plasma lipoprotein, ECG, endothelium-dependent vessel relaxation, histomorphological study, and expressions of eNOS and VCAM-1 on coronary arteries were assessed. The findings showed that, similar to atorvastatin, xinkeshu presented significant effects on rescuing endothelium-dependent vessel relaxation, inhibiting atherosclerotic progress, preventing myocardial ischemia, and changing eNOS and VCAM-1 expression. However, xinkeshu showed no lipoprotein lowering effect in hypercholesterolemia rabbits. The results of the present study indicated that xinkeshu exerted potent antiatherogenic and anti-ischemic properties on atherosclerotic myocardial ischemia rabbit. An endothelial protecting effect may be involved in the mechanism other than antihyperlipidemic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Neurology Department, China Meitan General Hospital, Beijing 100028, China
| | - Peng Jing-bo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhang Wen-tong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Neurology Department, Beijing Huimin Hospital, Beijing 100054, China
| | - Zhao Xin
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhang Tao-tao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Shi-jun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fang Lei
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zou Zhong-mei
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cai Da-yong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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