1
|
Sedaghat-Hamedani F, Andelfinger GU, Meder B. Human Genetics of Ebstein Anomaly. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:909-914. [PMID: 38884759 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Ebstein anomaly (EA) is a rare, congenital cardiac defect of the tricuspid valve with a birth prevalence between 0.5 and 1 in 20,000 [1]. It is characterized by displacement of the tricuspid valve toward the apex of the right ventricle (RV) and "atrialization" of the RV (Fig. 57.1) [2]. EA accounts for about 0.5% of all congenital heart diseases (CHD) [2]. Depending on severity of the defect and due to heterogeneity of the disease, patient's presentation varies from severe heart failure symptoms and arrhythmia in neonatal life to asymptomatic adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Sedaghat-Hamedani
- Institute for Cardiomyopathies Heidelberg (ICH), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Meder
- Institute for Cardiomyopathies Heidelberg, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Innere Medizin III - Kardiologie, Angiologie und Pneumologie, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zarrei M, Dong R, Yang X, Zhao D, Scherer SW, Gai Z. Refining critical regions in 15q24 microdeletion syndrome pertaining to autism. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2020; 183:217-226. [PMID: 31953991 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 15q24 microdeletion syndrome is characterized by developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, hearing loss, hypotonia, recurrent infection, and other congenital malformations including microcephaly, scoliosis, joint laxity, digital anomalies, as well as sometimes having autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Here, we report a boy with a 2.58-Mb de novo deletion at chromosome 15q24. He is diagnosed with ASD and having multiple phenotypes similar to those reported in cases having 15q24 microdeletion syndrome. To delineate the critical genes and region that might be responsible for these phenotypes, we reviewed all previously published cases. We observe a potential minimum critical region of 650 kb (LCR15q24A-B) affecting NEO1 among other genes that might pertinent to individuals with ASD carrying this deletion. In contrast, a previously defined minimum critical region downstream of the 650-kb interval (LCR15q24B-D) is more likely associated with the developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, recurrent infection, and other congenital malformations. As a result, the ASD phenotype in this individual is potentially attributed by genes particularly NEO1 within the newly proposed critical region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- Pediatric Health Care Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250022, China
| | - Mehdi Zarrei
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Dong
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Pediatric Health Care Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250022, China
| | - Stephen W Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhongtao Gai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu X, Li L, Zhang H, Hu Z, Li L, Sun M, Liu R. Prenatal diagnosis of a de novo tetrasomy 15q24.3-25.3: Case report and literature review. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23288. [PMID: 32185823 PMCID: PMC7370735 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terminal duplication on chromosome 15q is a rare chromosomal variation. Affected individuals show similar features such as growth dysplasia or the development of frontal bossing, body deformities, facial abnormalities, and genitourinary or cardiovascular disorders. However, it is not yet clear whether such 15q repeats lead to identifiable patterns of clinical abnormalities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the prenatal diagnostic results and clinical manifestations of a fetus with 15q duplication and to summarize the literature. METHODS The case was a fetus at 28 weeks of gestation. The risk of Down syndrome from second-trimester screening was 1/140. Prenatal ultrasound and amniocentesis were performed, and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) was used for genetic analysis. RESULTS The fetus had abnormal clinical features, including intracardiac echogenic focus in the left ventricle, an aberrant right subclavian artery, and growth delay. The fetal chromosomal karyotype was 46,XX,15q?,12q?,21pstk+, and CMA revealed a 10.163 Mb duplication at 15q24.3-q25.3. The couple chose to terminate the pregnancy after careful consideration. CONCLUSIONS The combination and rational application of cytogenetics technology and molecular genetics technology such as CMA will open up the field of clinical application and provide useful genetic counseling for parents of fetuses carrying such chromosomal duplications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Hu
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongguo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuming Hu
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meiling Sun
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruizhi Liu
- Reproductive Medicine & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ochando I, Alonzo Martínez MC, Serrano AM, Urbano A, Cazorla E, Calvo D, Rueda J. Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a de novo duplication of 15q24.3-q26.1. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2018; 11:77-80. [PMID: 30013380 PMCID: PMC6037148 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s159377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Reported cases of distal 15q interstitial duplications are uncommon and do not result in a recognizable pattern of abnormalities. Some studies report prenatal overgrowth, while others describe growth retardation. We present molecular cytogenetic characterization of a 14 Mb interstitial duplication, encompassing 81 Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) genes, in a fetus with single umbilical artery and short limbs. We propose that growth restriction, previously described and present in our patient, may be due to duplication of a gene or genes contained in the 15q24 region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Ochando
- Genetics Unit, Unidad de Genética, Hospital Clínica Vistahermosa, Alicante, Spain, .,Departamento de Histología y Anatomía, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain,
| | - Melanie Cristine Alonzo Martínez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario de Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana María Serrano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario de Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain
| | - Antonio Urbano
- Genetics Unit, Unidad de Genética, Hospital Clínica Vistahermosa, Alicante, Spain,
| | - Eduardo Cazorla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario de Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain
| | - Dolores Calvo
- Emergency Laboratory, Laboratorio Urgencias, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Rueda
- Genetics Unit, Unidad de Genética, Hospital Clínica Vistahermosa, Alicante, Spain, .,Departamento de Histología y Anatomía, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sicko RJ, Browne ML, Rigler SL, Druschel CM, Liu G, Fan R, Romitti PA, Caggana M, Kay DM, Brody LC, Mills JL. Genetic Variants in Isolated Ebstein Anomaly Implicated in Myocardial Development Pathways. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165174. [PMID: 27788187 PMCID: PMC5082909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebstein anomaly (EA) is a rare heart defect in which the tricuspid valve is malformed and displaced. The tricuspid valve abnormalities can lead to backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium, preventing proper circulation of blood to the lungs. Although the etiology of EA is largely unresolved, increased prevalence of EA in those with a family history of congenital heart disease suggests EA has a genetic component. Copy number variants (CNVs) are a major source of genetic variation and have been implicated in a range of congenital heart defect phenotypes. We performed a systematic, genome-wide search for CNVs in 47 isolated EA cases using genotyping microarrays. In addition, we used a custom HaloPlex panel to sequence three known EA genes and 47 candidate EA genes. We identified 35 candidate CNVs in 24 (51%) EA cases. Rare sequence variants in genes associated with cardiomyopathy were identified in 11 (23%) EA cases. Two CNVs near the transcriptional repressor HEY1, a member of the NOTCH signaling pathway, were identified in three unrelated cases. All other candidate CNVs were each identified in a single case. At least 11 of 35 candidate CNVs include genes involved in myocardial development or function, including multiple genes in the BMP signaling pathway. We identified enrichment of gene sets involved in histone modification and cardiomyocyte differentiation, supporting the involvement of the developing myocardium in the etiology of EA. Gene set enrichment analysis also identified ribosomal RNA processing, a potentially novel pathway of altered cardiac development in EA. Our results suggest an altered myocardial program may contribute to abnormal tricuspid valve development in EA. Future studies should investigate abnormal differentiation of cardiomyocytes as a potential etiological factor in EA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Sicko
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Marilyn L. Browne
- Congenital Malformations Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, New York, United States of America
| | - Shannon L. Rigler
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Neonatology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charlotte M. Druschel
- Congenital Malformations Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, New York, United States of America
| | - Gang Liu
- Congenital Malformations Registry, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Ruzong Fan
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Paul A. Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Michele Caggana
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Denise M. Kay
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Lawrence C. Brody
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - James L. Mills
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bettinelli AL, Mulder TJ, Funke BH, Lafferty KA, Longo SA, Niyazov DM. Familial ebstein anomaly, left ventricular hypertrabeculation, and ventricular septal defect associated with a MYH7 mutation. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:3187-90. [PMID: 23956225 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ebstein anomaly is a rare congenital heart defect that most often occurs sporadically within a kindred. Familial cases, although reported, are uncommon. At this time, the genetic etiology of Ebstein anomaly is not fully elucidated. Here, we describe clinical and molecular investigations of a rare case of familial Ebstein anomaly in association with a likely pathogenic mutation of the MYH7 gene. The severity of presentation varies, and Ebstein anomaly can be observed in association with such other heart defects as ventricular septal defect and left ventricular (LV) hypertrabeculation, as seen in our family of study. In our family of study, the 31-year-old father and four of his children have been diagnosed with Ebstein anomaly. Genetic testing revealed that the father was heterozygous for the Glu1220del variant detected in exon 27 of the MYH7 gene. The MYH7 gene encodes the β-myosin heavy chain and is expressed in cardiac muscle. DNA sequencing of three of his affected children confirmed that they carried the same variant while the fourth affected child was not available for testing. This is the first report of familial Ebstein anomaly associated with the Glu1220del mutation of the MYH7 gene. The mutation segregates with disease in a family with autosomal dominant transmission of congenital heart defects including Ebstein anomaly and other associated cardiovascular defects including LV hypertrabeculation and ventricular septal defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audra L Bettinelli
- Medical Genetics Department, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|