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Synthesis and SAR Analysis of Novel 4-Hydroxytamoxifen Analogues Based on Their Cytotoxic Activity and Electron-Donor Character. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196758. [PMID: 36235291 PMCID: PMC9573586 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilizing McMurry reactions of 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone with appropriate carbonyl compounds, a series of 4-Hydroxytamoxifen analogues were synthesized. Their cytotoxic activity was evaluated in vitro on four human malignant cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB 231, A2058, HT-29). It was found that some of these novel Tamoxifen analogues show marked cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. The relative ROS-generating capability of the synthetized analogues was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and DFT modeling studies. The results of cell-viability assays, CV measurements and DFT calculations suggest that the cytotoxicity of the majority of the novel compounds is mainly elicited by their interactions with cellular targets including estrogen receptors rather than triggered by redox processes. However, three novel compounds could be involved in ROS-production and subsequent formation of quinone-methide preventing proliferation and disrupting the redox balance of the treated cells. Among the cell lines studied, HT-29 proved to be the most susceptible to the treatment with compounds having ROS-generating potency.
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Hu Q, Liu X, Liu Z, Liu Z, Zhang H, Zhang Q, Huang Y, Chen Q, Wang W, Zhang X. Dexmedetomidine reduces enteric glial cell injury induced by intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion injury through mitochondrial localization of TERT. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2594-2606. [PMID: 35366055 PMCID: PMC9077307 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to uncover the effects of dexmedetomidine on oxidative stress injury induced by mitochondrial localization of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in enteric glial cells (EGCs) following intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rat models. Following establishment of intestinal IRI models by superior mesenteric artery occlusion in Wistar rats, the expression and distribution patterns of TERT were detected. The IRI rats were subsequently treated with low or high doses of dexmedetomidine, followed by detection of ROS, MDA and GSH levels. Calcein cobalt and rhodamine 123 staining were also carried out to detect mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), respectively. Moreover, oxidative injury of mtDNA was determined, in addition to analyses of EGC viability and apoptosis. Intestinal tissues and mitochondria of EGCs were badly damaged in the intestinal IRI group. In addition, there was a reduction in mitochondrial localization of TERT, oxidative stress, whilst apoptosis of EGCs was increased and proliferation was decreased. On the other hand, administration of dexmedetomidine was associated with promotion of mitochondrial localization of TERT, whilst oxidative stress, MPTP and mtDNA in EGCs, and EGC apoptosis were all inhibited, and the MMP and EGC viability were both increased. A positive correlation was observed between different doses of dexmedetomidine and protective effects. Collectively, our findings highlighted the antioxidative effects of dexmedetomidine on EGCs following intestinal IRI, as dexmedetomidine alleviated mitochondrial damage by enhancing the mitochondrial localization of TERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xiao‐Ming Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Zheng‐Ren Liu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Zhi‐Yi Liu
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Huai‐Gen Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Yuan‐Lu Huang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Qiu‐Hong Chen
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Wen‐Xiang Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - XueKang Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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Chang PE, Li S, Kim HY, Lee DJ, Choi YJ, Jung HS. BBS7-SHH Signaling Activity Regulates Primary Cilia for Periodontal Homeostasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:796274. [PMID: 34957122 PMCID: PMC8703258 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.796274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Mechanical stimuli are essential for the maintenance of periodontal ligament (PDL) homeostasis. Although there are several studies on atrophic changes in PDL due to occlusal hypofunction, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the changes of gene expression in occlusal hypofunctional PDL and elucidate the related role in maintaining the PDL homeostasis. Methods: To investigate the transcriptomic difference between control and hypofunctional PDL tissue from patients, RNA sequencing was performed on 34 human teeth. The atrophic changes in PDL were evaluated by histological analysis. The effect of the Bardet-Biedl syndrome 7 (BBS7) knockdown was evaluated by the RT-qPCR, Western blot, wound healing, and tubule formation assay. Results: We detected that the expression of BBS7 was downregulated in occlusal hypofunctional PDL through RNA sequencing. Dynamic changes, including the number of periodontal ligament cells, alignment of collagen fibers, diameter of blood vessels, appearance of primary cilia, and torturous oxytalan fibers, were observed following occlusal hypofunction. Furthermore, Sonic hedgehog signaling (Shh) activity was closely associated with BBS7 expression in PDL cells. In addition, the cell migration and angiogenesis were also suppressed by BBS7 knockdown in vitro. Conclusion: We suggest that BBS7 plays an essential role in maintaining Shh signaling activity for PDL homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi En Chang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shujin Li
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Dong-Joon Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Induced pluripotent stem cells of patients with Tetralogy of Fallot reveal transcriptional alterations in cardiomyocyte differentiation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10921. [PMID: 32616843 PMCID: PMC7331606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (ps-iPSCs) and their differentiated cell types are a powerful model system to gain insight into mechanisms driving early developmental and disease-associated regulatory networks. In this study, we use ps-iPSCs to gain insights into Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), which represents the most common cyanotic heart defect in humans. iPSCs were generated and further differentiated to cardiomyocytes (CMs) using standard methods from two well-characterized TOF patients and their healthy relatives serving as controls. Patient-specific expression patterns and genetic variability were investigated using whole genome and transcriptome sequencing data. We first studied the clonal mutational burden of the derived iPSCs. In two out of three iPSC lines of patient TOF-01, we found a somatic mutation in the DNA-binding domain of tumor suppressor P53, which was not observed in the genomic DNA from blood. Further characterization of this mutation showed its functional impact. For patient TOF-02, potential disease-relevant differential gene expression between and across cardiac differentiation was shown. Here, clear differences at the later stages of differentiation could be observed between CMs of the patient and its controls. Overall, this study provides first insights into the complex molecular mechanisms underlying iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte differentiation and its transcriptional alterations in TOF.
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Kisacam MA, Kocamuftuoglu GO, Ozan IE, Yaman M, Ozan ST. Calcium Fructoborate Prevents Skin Cancer Development in Balb-c Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:131-144. [PMID: 31529243 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment, genetic, and non-genetic factors are responsible for the atypical metabolic feature of cancer cells. Aberrant activity of PI3K/Akt pathway, increased glycolytic flux, and decreased intracellular pH gradient are the leading causes of this feature. Calcium Fructoborate (CaFB), a sugar-borate ester, has major benefits for human health. The aim of this study was to explore the implication of CaFB on experimentally induced skin cancer in vivo. According to the treatment, 92 female Balb-c mice are divided into six groups: control, CaFB (3 mg/kg/day), 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)+12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (97.5 nmol DMBA, 6.5 nmol TPA), T1: CaFB+DMBA+TPA (3 mg/kg/day CaFB together with DMBA), T2: DMBA+CaFB+TPA (3 mg/kg/day CaFB together with TPA), T3: DMBA+TPA+CaFB (3 mg/kg/day CaFB after tumor formation). Topical DMBA and TPA application resulted in a significant increase in the protein levels, immunoreactivity, and mRNA expression of HRAS, HIF1α, Akt, and PTEN (p < 0.05). Moreover, an increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells was observed in DMBA-TPA group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). CaFB application reduced the protein levels, immunoreactivity, and mRNA expressions of HRAS, HIF1α, Akt, and PTEN and also decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells. Recent evidence obtained from our study validated that CaFB treatment may have skin cancer-preventing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Kisacam
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Mustafa Kemal University, 31060, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Gonca Ozan Kocamuftuoglu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Enver Ozan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Firat University, 23200, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yaman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Firat University, 23200, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sema Temizer Ozan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Firat University, 23200, Elazig, Turkey
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Mumyatova VA, Balakina AA, Lapshina MA, Sen' VD, Kornev AB, Terent'ev AA. Influence of Tumor Suppressor p53 Functioning on the Expression of Antioxidant System Genes under the Action of Cytotoxic Compounds. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 169:169-175. [PMID: 32504383 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of inhibition of the tumor suppressor p53 on the antioxidant system genes expression under the influence of cytotoxic compounds of the platinum group was studied. It was found that the action of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes induced accumulation of p53 protein with a maximum in 12 h, which was confirmed by an increase in the expression of the P21 gene, the target gene of the p53 protein. It was shown that the action of platinum complexes activated the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 genes. Suppression of p53 protein functions with specific inhibitor α-piphitrin under the action of platinum complexes reduced the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 genes and the target gene P21, which attested to the p53-dependent regulation of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Mumyatova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia.
- Scientific and Educational Center in Chernogolovka of Moscow Region State University, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia.
| | - A A Balakina
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Center in Chernogolovka of Moscow Region State University, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M A Lapshina
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Center in Chernogolovka of Moscow Region State University, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia
| | - V D Sen'
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
| | - A B Kornev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
| | - A A Terent'ev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Center in Chernogolovka of Moscow Region State University, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia
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Ouyang J, Zeng Z, Fang H, Li F, Zhang X, Tan W. SIRT3 Inactivation Promotes Acute Kidney Injury Through Elevated Acetylation of SOD2 and p53. J Surg Res 2018; 233:221-230. [PMID: 30502252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The deactivation of SIRT3, a novel deacetylase located in mitochondria, can aggravate multiple organ dysfunction. However, the role of SIRT3 and its downstream targets in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) remain unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS I/R was reproduced in a rat model using a clamp placed on the left and right renal pedicles for 40 min. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with either the vehicle or a selective SIRT3 inhibitor (3-TYP) and scarified at different time points (4, 8, and 24 h after I/R). A portion of the renal tissue was extracted for histological analysis, and another portion was collected for the isolation of renal tubular epithelial cells for Western blotting, SOD2 and SIRT3 activity, cell apoptosis, and the determination of oxidative stress. RESULTS The I/R-induced AKI model was successfully reproduced and SIRT3 activity was considerably reduced than control (sham operated) group, accompanied by increased acetylation of SOD2 and p53, as well as their elevated physical interaction in extracted mitochondrial protein (all P values < 0.05). Moreover, SIRT3 suppression by 3-TYP treatment (comparing with the vehicle treatment group) aggravated AKI, as evidenced by increased indicators of oxidative stress (increased mitochondrial red fluorescence MitoSOX and decreased reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio, all P values < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The elevation of SOD2 and p53 protein acetylation in the mitochondria of renal tubular epithelial cells is an important signaling event in the pathogenesis of I/R-induced AKI. Thus, deacetylase SIRT3 may be an upstream regulator of both SOD2 and p53, and the SIRT3 deactivation may aggravate AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ouyang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haihong Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinji Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanlong Tan
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Cunha-Oliveira T, Ferreira LL, Coelho AR, Deus CM, Oliveira PJ. Doxorubicin triggers bioenergetic failure and p53 activation in mouse stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 348:1-13. [PMID: 29653124 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anticancer drug that could be even more effective if its clinical dosage was not limited because of delayed cardiotoxicity. Beating stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes are a preferred in vitro model to further uncover the mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Our objective was to use cultured induced-pluripotent stem cell(iPSC)-derived mouse cardiomyocytes (Cor.At) to investigate the effects of DOX on cell and mitochondrial metabolism, as well as on stress responses. Non-proliferating and beating Cor.At cells were treated with 0.5 or 1 μM DOX for 24 h, and morphological, functional and biochemical changes associated with mitochondrial bioenergetics, DNA-damage response and apoptosis were measured. Both DOX concentrations decreased ATP levels and SOD2 protein levels and induced p53-dependent caspase activation. However, differential effects were observed for the two DOX concentrations. The highest concentration induced a high degree of apoptosis, with increased nuclear apoptotic morphology, PARP-1 cleavage and decrease of some OXPHOS protein subunits. At the lowest concentration, DOX increased the expression of p53 target transcripts associated with mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and decreased transcripts related with DNA-damage response and glycolysis. Interestingly, cells treated with 0.5 μM DOX presented an increase in PDK4 transcript levels, accompanied by an increase in phospho-PDH and decreased PDH activity. This was accompanied by an apparent decrease in basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and in basal extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). Cells pre-treated with the PDK inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA), with the aim of restoring PDH activity, partially recovered OCR and ECAR. The results suggest that the higher DOX concentration mainly induces p53-dependent apoptosis, whereas for the lower DOX concentration the cardiotoxic effects involve bioenergetic failure, unveiling PDH as a possible therapeutic target to decrease DOX cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal.
| | - Luciana L Ferreira
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Coelho
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (I.I.I.), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia M Deus
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (I.I.I.), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (I.I.I.), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
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Wang X, Li L, Zhu R, Zhang J, Zhou J, Lou H. Bibenzyl-Based Meroterpenoid Enantiomers from the Chinese Liverwort Radula sumatrana. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:3143-3150. [PMID: 29215886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Six new pairs of bibenzyl-based meroterpenoid enantiomers, (±)-rasumatranin A-D (1-4) and (±)-radulanin M and N (5 and 6), and six known compounds were isolated from the adnascent Chinese liverwort, Radula sumatrana. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data and chiral phase HPLC-ECD analyses. The structures of 1 and 7 were also confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Cytotoxicity tests of the isolated compounds showed that 6-hydroxy-3-methyl-8-phenylethylbenzo[b]oxepin-5-one (8) showed activity against the human cancer cell lines MCF-7, PC-3, and SMMC-7721, with IC50 values of 3.86, 6.60, and 3.58 μM, respectively, and induced MCF-7 cell death through a mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University , Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University , Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongxiu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaozhen Zhang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University , Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchuan Zhou
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University , Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University , Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
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10
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Induction of G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis by a new tetrahydroingenol diterpenoid from Euphorbia erythradenia Bioss. in melanoma cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 86:334-342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Effect of Cytotoxic Compounds on Activity of Antioxidant Enzyme System in MCF-7 and H1299 Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 161:179-83. [PMID: 27265137 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3371-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We studied the function of the antioxidant system in tumor cell lines MCF-7 and H1299 that differ by the state of tumor suppressor gene p53. Exposure to different classes of cytotoxic compounds induced several types of antioxidant system responses that depend on the type of cell line. The effects of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes on activity of antioxidant enzymes vary, which can be explained by differences in their accumulation and biotransformation in tumor cells. Triazole and oxazolidinone derivatives had little effect on activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in H1299 cells, but increased superoxide dismutase activity in MCF-7 cells.
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Chakraborty S, Rasool RU, Kumar S, Nayak D, Rah B, Katoch A, Amin H, Ali A, Goswami A. Cristacarpin promotes ER stress-mediated ROS generation leading to premature senescence by activation of p21(waf-1). AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:62. [PMID: 27246693 PMCID: PMC5005927 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-016-9922-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) is quite similar to replicative senescence that is committed by cells exposed to various stress conditions viz. ultraviolet radiation (DNA damage), hydrogen peroxide (oxidative stress), chemotherapeutic agents (cytotoxic threat), etc. Here, we report that cristacarpin, a natural product obtained from the stem bark of Erythrina suberosa, promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to sub-lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and which eventually terminates by triggering senescence in pancreatic and breast cancer cells through blocking the cell cycle in the G1 phase. The majority of cristacarpin-treated cells responded to conventional SA-β-gal stains; showed characteristic p21(waf1) upregulation along with enlarged and flattened morphology; and increased volume, granularity, and formation of heterochromatin foci-all of these features are the hallmarks of senescence. Inhibition of ROS generation by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly reduced the expression of p21(waf1), confirming that the modulation in p21(waf1) by anti-proliferative cristacarpin was ROS dependent. Further, the elevation in p21(waf1) expression in PANC-1 and MCF-7 cells was consistent with the decrease in the expression of Cdk-2 and cyclinD1. Here, we provide evidence that cristacarpin promotes senescence in a p53-independent manner. Moreover, cristacarpin treatment induced p38MAPK, indicating the ROS-dependent activation of the MAP kinase pathway, and thus abrogates the tumor growth in mouse allograft tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souneek Chakraborty
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, J&K, 180001, India
| | - Reyaz Ur Rasool
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, J&K, 180001, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, J&K, 180001, India
| | - Debasis Nayak
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, J&K, 180001, India
| | - Bilal Rah
- University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Archana Katoch
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, J&K, 180001, India
| | - Hina Amin
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, J&K, 180001, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, J&K, 180001, India
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, J&K, 180001, India.
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Herraiz C, Calvo F, Pandya P, Cantelli G, Rodriguez-Hernandez I, Orgaz JL, Kang N, Chu T, Sahai E, Sanz-Moreno V. Reactivation of p53 by a Cytoskeletal Sensor to Control the Balance Between DNA Damage and Tumor Dissemination. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djv289. [PMID: 26464464 PMCID: PMC4712681 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal cell migration and invasion underlie metastasis, and actomyosin contractility is a key regulator of tumor invasion. The links between cancer migratory behavior and DNA damage are poorly understood. METHODS Using 3D collagen systems to recapitulate melanoma extracellular matrix, we analyzed the relationship between the actomyosin cytoskeleton of migrating cells and DNA damage. We used multiple melanoma cell lines and microarray analysis to study changes in gene expression and in vivo intravital imaging (n = 7 mice per condition) to understand how DNA damage impacts invasive behavior. We used Protein Tissue Microarrays (n = 164 melanomas) and patient databases (n = 354 melanoma samples) to investigate the associations between markers of DNA damage and actomyosin cytoskeletal features. Data were analyzed with Student's and multiple t tests, Mann-Whitney's test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Melanoma cells with low levels of Rho-ROCK-driven actomyosin are subjected to oxidative stress-dependent DNA damage and ATM-mediated p53 protein stabilization. This results in a specific transcriptional signature enriched in DNA damage/oxidative stress responsive genes, including Tumor Protein p53 Inducible Protein 3 (TP53I3 or PIG3). PIG3, which functions in DNA damage repair, uses an unexpected catalytic mechanism to suppress Rho-ROCK activity and impair tumor invasion in vivo. This regulation was suppressed by antioxidants. Furthermore, PIG3 levels decreased while ROCK1/2 levels increased in human metastatic melanomas (ROCK1 vs PIG3; r = -0.2261, P < .0001; ROCK2 vs PIG3: r = -0.1381, P = .0093). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest using Rho-kinase inhibitors to reactivate the p53-PIG3 axis as a novel therapeutic strategy; we suggest that the use of antioxidants in melanoma should be very carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Herraiz
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - Fernando Calvo
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - Pahini Pandya
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - Gaia Cantelli
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - Irene Rodriguez-Hernandez
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - Jose L Orgaz
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - NaRa Kang
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - Tinghine Chu
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH)
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Tumor Plasticity Laboratory, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK (CH, PP, GC, IRH, JLO, NK, TC, VSM); Tumor Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK (FC, ES).Current affiliations: Tumor Microenvironment Team, Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK (FC); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain (CH).
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14
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Tautges B, Or V, Garcia J, Shaw JT, Louie AY. Preparation of a conjugation-ready thiol responsive molecular switch. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:6569-6573. [PMID: 26594066 PMCID: PMC4649948 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work we synthesize molecular switches that are responsive to cysteine, homocysteine, and glutathione; three redox systems that make up the majority of the body's antioxidant defenses. Synthesized spiropyran isomers with conjugation-ready linkages showed good selectivity of response to these major antioxidant thiols over nucleophilic amino acids; however the position of the linking group can affect selectivity and reversibility of the switching response. An isomer with selectivity for cysteine against GSH and Hcy was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Tautges
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Victor Or
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Joel Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jared T. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Angelique Y. Louie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, California 95616, United States
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15
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Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum thioredoxin and DJ-1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1949-58. [PMID: 26334622 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3994-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), thioredoxin and DJ-1 are upregulated to counteract the detrimental effect of ROS under normal condition. However, cancer cells can take advantage of thioredoxin and DJ-1 against ROS-induced cell damage. In several human cancer types, thioredoxin and DJ-1 were found to be overexpressed. The present study aimed to explore the serum levels of thioredoxin and DJ-1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and its relationship to the diagnosis and prognosis of this particular malignancy. Sera from 134 NSCLC patients and 168 healthy controls were obtained. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, the levels of serum thioredoxin and DJ-1 were measured and correlated to the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC patients. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of the biomarkers were evaluated by using receiver operating curve (ROC), Kaplan-Meier curve, and log-rank analyses and the Cox proportional hazard model, respectively. Serum thioredoxin and DJ-1 levels were significantly higher in the NSCLC patients than that in the controls (23.5 ± 6.57 vs. 13.8 ± 2.49 and 7.11 ± 2.02 vs. 5.18 ± 1.26, respectively). NSCLC patients at later stage cancer showed significantly higher levels of serum thioredoxin and DJ-1 than those at the early stages (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high serum thioredoxin level was an independent risk factor for lymph nodal metastases and distant metastases (OR = 2.18, 95 % CI 1.26-3.41 and OR = 3.68, 95 % CI 2.16-5.33, respectively). In addition, an increase in the serum DJ-1 level was also identified as an independent risk factor for nodal metastases (OR = 1.37, 95 % CI 1.11-3.04). For predicting the development of NSCLC, ROC/area under the curve (AUC) analysis for thioredoxin indicated an AUC of 0.80 (sensitivity 0.62, specificity 0.92), and ROC/AUC analysis for DJ-1 showed an AUC of 0.78 (sensitivity 0.66, specificity 0.89). NSCLC patients with high serum thioredoxin and DJ-1 levels had lower survival rates than those with low levels, and multivariate analyses for overall survival revealed that high serum thioredoxin levels served as an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC (HR = 2.07, 95 % CI 1.19-3.48). Serum levels of thioredoxin and DJ-1 were significantly higher in NSCLC patients; therefore, these may be utilized as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC.
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16
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Lu J, Cheng K, Zhang B, Xu H, Cao Y, Guo F, Feng X, Xia Q. Novel mechanisms for superoxide-scavenging activity of human manganese superoxide dismutase determined by the K68 key acetylation site. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 85:114-26. [PMID: 25908444 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide is the primary reactive oxygen species generated in the mitochondria. Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is the major enzymatic superoxide scavenger present in the mitochondrial matrix and one of the most crucial reactive oxygen species-scavenging enzymes in the cell. SOD2 is activated by sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) through NAD(+)-dependent deacetylation. However, the exact acetylation sites of SOD2 are ambiguous and the mechanisms underlying the deacetylation-mediated SOD2 activation largely remain unknown. We are the first to characterize SOD2 mutants of the acetylation sites by investigating the relative enzymatic activity, structures, and electrostatic potential of SOD2 in this study. These SOD2 mutations affected the superoxide-scavenging activity in vitro and in HEK293T cells. The lysine 68 (K68) site is the most important acetylation site contributing to SOD2 activation and plays a role in cell survival after paraquat treatment. The molecular basis underlying the regulation of SOD2 activity by K68 was investigated in detail. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that K68 mutations induced a conformational shift of residues located in the active center of SOD2 and altered the charge distribution on the SOD2 surface. Thus, the entry of the superoxide anion into the coordinated core of SOD2 was inhibited. Our results provide a novel mechanistic insight, whereby SOD2 acetylation affects the structure and charge distribution of SOD2, its tetramerization, and p53-SOD2 interactions of SOD2 in the mitochondria, which may play a role in nuclear-mitochondrial communication during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Kuoyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Huan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Fei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Xudong Feng
- Department of Medicine, Children׳s Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02445, USA.
| | - Qing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People׳s Republic of China.
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17
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Li W, Zhang C, Ren A, Li T, Jin R, Li G, Gu X, Shi R, Zhao Y. Shikonin Suppresses Skin Carcinogenesis via Inhibiting Cell Proliferation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126459. [PMID: 25961580 PMCID: PMC4427333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) has been shown to be up-regulated in human skin cancers. To test whether PKM2 may be a target for chemoprevention, shikonin, a natural product from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon and a specific inhibitor of PKM2, was used in a chemically-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis study. The results revealed that shikonin treatment suppressed skin tumor formation. Morphological examinations and immunohistochemical staining of the skin epidermal tissues suggested that shikonin inhibited cell proliferation without inducing apoptosis. Although shikonin alone suppressed PKM2 activity, it did not suppress tumor promoter-induced PKM2 activation in the skin epidermal tissues at the end of the skin carcinogenesis study. To reveal the potential chemopreventive mechanism of shikonin, an antibody microarray analysis was performed, and the results showed that the transcription factor ATF2 and its downstream target Cdk4 were up-regulated by chemical carcinogen treatment; whereas these up-regulations were suppressed by shikonin. In a promotable skin cell model, the nuclear levels of ATF2 were increased during tumor promotion, whereas this increase was inhibited by shikonin. Furthermore, knockdown of ATF2 decreased the expression levels of Cdk4 and Fra-1 (a key subunit of the activator protein 1. In summary, these results suggest that shikonin, rather than inhibiting PKM2 in vivo, suppresses the ATF2 pathway in skin carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Chunjing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Amy Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Teena Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Guohong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Runhua Shi
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
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18
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Seth R, Corniola RS, Gower-Winter SD, Morgan TJ, Bishop B, Levenson CW. Zinc deficiency induces apoptosis via mitochondrial p53- and caspase-dependent pathways in human neuronal precursor cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 30:59-65. [PMID: 25467851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that zinc deficiency leads to apoptosis of neuronal precursor cells in vivo and in vitro. In addition to the role of p53 as a nuclear transcription factor in zinc deficient cultured human neuronal precursors (NT-2), we have now identified the translocation of phosphorylated p53 to the mitochondria and p53-dependent increases in the pro-apoptotic mitochondrial protein BAX leading to a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential as demonstrated by a 25% decrease in JC-1 red:green fluorescence ratio. Disruption of mitochondrial membrane integrity was accompanied by efflux of the apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondria and translocation to the nucleus with a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 24h of zinc deficiency. Measurement of caspase cleavage, mRNA, and treatment with caspase inhibitors revealed the involvement of caspases 2, 3, 6, and 7 in zinc deficiency-mediated apoptosis. Down-stream targets of caspase activation, including the nuclear structure protein lamin and polyADP ribose polymerase (PARP), which participates in DNA repair, were also cleaved. Transfection with a dominant-negative p53 construct and use of the p53 inhibitor, pifithrin-μ, established that these alterations were largely dependent on p53. Together these data identify a cascade of events involving mitochondrial p53 as well as p53-dependent caspase-mediated mechanisms leading to apoptosis during zinc deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Seth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Rikki S Corniola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Shannon D Gower-Winter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Thomas J Morgan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Brian Bishop
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Cathy W Levenson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
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19
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Mortazavi SMJ, Niroomand-Rad A, Roshan-Shomal P, Razavi-Toosi SMT, Mossayeb-Zadeh M, Moghadam M. Does short-term exposure to elevated levels of natural gamma radiation in Ramsar cause oxidative stress? Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2014; 4:72-6. [PMID: 25143879 PMCID: PMC4137645 DOI: 10.4103/2229-516x.136778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ramsar, a city in northern Iran, has areas with some of the highest recorded levels of natural radiation among inhabited areas measured on the earth. AIMS To determine whether short-term exposure to extremely high levels of natural radiation induce oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 53 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of 10-12 animals. Animals in the 1(st) group were kept for 7 days in an outdoor area with normal background radiation while the 2(nd) , 3(rd) , 4(th) and 5(th) groups were kept in four different outdoor areas with naturally elevated levels of gamma radiation in Ramsar. A calibrated RDS-110 survey meter, mounted on a tripod approximately 1 m above the ground, was used to measure exposure rate at each location. On days 7 and 9 blood sampling was performed to assess the serum levels of catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA). On day 8, all animals were exposed to a lethal dose of 8 Gy gamma radiations emitted by a Theratron Phoenix (Theratronics, Canada) Cobalt-60 (55 cGy/min) at Radiotherapy Department of Razi Hospital in Rasht, Iran. RESULTS Findings obtained in this study indicate that high levels of natural radiation cannot induce oxidative stress. CAT and MDA levels in almost all groups were not significantly different (P = 0.69 and P = 0.05, respectively). After exposure to the lethal dose, CAT and MDA levels in all groups were not significantly different (P = 0.054 and P = 0.163, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that short-term exposure to extremely high levels of natural radiation (up to 196 times higher than the normal background) does not induce oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- SMJ Mortazavi
- Department of Medical Physics and Medical Engineering, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Niroomand-Rad
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - P Roshan-Shomal
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - SMT Razavi-Toosi
- Department of Physiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mossayeb-Zadeh
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Moghadam
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Guilan University of Science, Rasht, Gilan, Iran
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20
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Tor YS, Yazan LS, Foo JB, Armania N, Cheah YK, Abdullah R, Imam MU, Ismail N, Ismail M. Induction of apoptosis through oxidative stress-related pathways in MCF-7, human breast cancer cells, by ethyl acetate extract of Dillenia suffruticosa. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:55. [PMID: 24524627 PMCID: PMC3927215 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most dreading types of cancer among women. Herbal medicine has becoming a potential source of treatment for breast cancer. Herbal plant Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff) Martelli under the family Dilleniaceae has been traditionally used to treat cancerous growth. In this study, the anticancer effect of ethyl acetate extract of D. suffruticosa (EADs) was examined on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 and the molecular pathway involved was elucidated. Methods EADs was obtained from the root of D. suffruticosa by using sequential solvent extraction. Cytotoxicity was determined by using MTT assay, mode of cell death by cell cycle analysis and apoptosis induction by Annexin-FITC/PI assay. Morphology changes in cells were observed under inverted light microscope. Involvement of selected genes in the oxidative stress-mediated signaling pathway was explored using multiplex gene expression analysis. Results The treatment of EADs caused cytotoxicity to MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner at 24, 48 and 72 hours with IC50 of 76 ± 2.3, 58 ± 0.7 and 39 ± 3.6 μg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of tamoxifen-treated MCF-7 cells was 8 ± 0.5 μg/mL. Induction of apoptosis by EADs was dose- and time- dependent. EADs induced non-phase specific cell cycle arrest at different concentration and time point. The multiplex mRNA expression study indicated that EADs-induced apoptosis was accompanied by upregulation of the expression of SOD1, SOD2, NF-κB, p53, p38 MAPK, and catalase, but downregulation of Akt1. Conclusion It is suggested that EADs induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by modulating numerous genes which are involved in oxidative stress pathway. Therefore, EADs has the potential to act as an effective intervention against breast cancer cells.
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Raninga PV, Trapani GD, Tonissen KF. Cross Talk between Two Antioxidant Systems, Thioredoxin and DJ-1: Consequences for Cancer. Oncoscience 2014; 1:95-110. [PMID: 25593990 PMCID: PMC4295760 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, which is associated with an increased concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including cancer. In response to increased ROS levels, cellular antioxidant molecules such as thioredoxin, peroxiredoxins, glutaredoxins, DJ-1, and superoxide dismutases are upregulated to counteract the detrimental effect of ROS. However, cancer cells take advantage of upregulated antioxidant molecules for protection against ROS-induced cell damage. This review focuses on two antioxidant systems, Thioredoxin and DJ-1, which are upregulated in many human cancer types, correlating with tumour proliferation, survival, and chemo-resistance. Thus, both of these antioxidant molecules serve as potential molecular targets to treat cancer. However, targeting one of these antioxidants alone may not be an effective anti-cancer therapy. Both of these antioxidant molecules are interlinked and act on similar downstream targets such as NF-κβ, PTEN, and Nrf2 to exert cytoprotection. Inhibiting either thioredoxin or DJ-1 alone may allow the other antioxidant to activate downstream signalling cascades leading to tumour cell survival and proliferation. Targeting both thioredoxin and DJ-1 in conjunction may completely shut down the antioxidant defence system regulated by these molecules. This review focuses on the cross-talk between thioredoxin and DJ-1 and highlights the importance and consequences of targeting thioredoxin and DJ-1 together to develop an effective anti-cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prahlad V. Raninga
- School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
| | - Giovanna Di Trapani
- School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
| | - Kathryn F. Tonissen
- School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
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Piotrowska H, Kucinska M, Murias M. Expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and MnSOD in a panel of human cancer cell lines. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 383:95-102. [PMID: 23873331 PMCID: PMC3788183 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1758-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The expression of P450 enzymes and antioxidative enzymes in tumour tissue can have a major impact on the responsiveness of tumours to cancer chemotherapeutic drugs, therefore such information may be very precious when experiments are designed. The compressive information, concerning the expression of drug metabolism enzymes or antioxidative enzymes is still lacking, therefore in this study the expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase MnSOD (both mRNA and protein) in a panel of eight commonly used cancer cell lines, representing four tumour tissues was assayed. In the study two ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and SKOV-3, two colorectal cancer LOVO and DLD-1, two breast cancer derived MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 and two cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and C33A were employed. The relatively high expression of all assayed enzymes was shown in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, lack of cancer cell specific CYP1B1 protein was discovered in LOVO colorectal cells. In order to test possible correlation between expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and MnSOD and modulators of their activity, cytotoxicity of resveratrol and its promising hydroxylated analogue 3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-trans-hexahydroxystilbene against cell lines used in experiment was assayed. The relatively high correlation was found between IC50 values calculated for 3,3′,4,4′,5,5′-trans-hexahydroxystilbene and expression of MnSOD (r = 0.6562).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Piotrowska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Dojazd 30, 60-631, Poznan, Poland
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Kesarwani P, Murali AK, Al-Khami AA, Mehrotra S. Redox regulation of T-cell function: from molecular mechanisms to significance in human health and disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1497-534. [PMID: 22938635 PMCID: PMC3603502 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to have effects on T-cell function and proliferation. Low concentrations of ROS in T cells are a prerequisite for cell survival, and increased ROS accumulation can lead to apoptosis/necrosis. The cellular redox state of a T cell can also affect T-cell receptor signaling, skewing the immune response. Various T-cell subsets have different redox statuses, and this differential ROS susceptibility could modulate the outcome of an immune response in various disease states. Recent advances in T-cell redox signaling reveal that ROS modulate signaling cascades such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, and JAK/STAT pathways. Also, tumor microenvironments, chronic T-cell stimulation leading to replicative senescence, gender, and age affect T-cell susceptibility to ROS, thereby contributing to diverse immune outcomes. Antioxidants such as glutathione, thioredoxin, superoxide dismutase, and catalase balance cellular oxidative stress. T-cell redox states are also regulated by expression of various vitamins and dietary compounds. Changes in T-cell redox regulation may affect the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Many strategies to control oxidative stress have been employed for various diseases, including the use of active antioxidants from dietary products and pharmacologic or genetic engineering of antioxidant genes in T cells. Here, we discuss the existence of a complex web of molecules/factors that exogenously or endogenously affect oxidants, and we relate these molecules to potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kesarwani
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Warowicka A, Kwasniewska A, Gozdzicka-Jozefiak A. Alterations in mtDNA: a qualitative and quantitative study associated with cervical cancer development. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 129:193-8. [PMID: 23319113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High-risk human papillomaviruses are the causative agent of cervical carcinogenesis. Additionally, a number of other unknown factors are also instrumental in the development of cancer. The aim of this present study was the analysis of the mutations in the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA, and 4.997 bp deletion during cervical cancer development. Our research also extended to the relationship between mtDNA copy number, ROS (reactive oxygen species) production and the MnSOD (manganese superoxide dismutase) expression level. METHODS The study group consisted of postoperative tissues from patients diagnosed with L-SIL, H-SIL and squamous cell cervical carcinomas. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the copy number of the mitochondrial DNA, and MnSOD mRNA expression levels. A PCR amplification and a sequencing of DNA were used for the identification of HPV DNA and mtDNA mutations. RESULTS A total of 62 point mutations in the D-loop region of mtDNA were found in study patients. The mitochondrial DNA copy number increased during cervical cancer development when compared to the corresponding tissues in the control samples. About 70% of the mtDNA copy number have a 4.997 bp deletion in L-SIL. We also observed an increase in ROS generation during cervical cancer development. CONCLUSION Alterations in mtDNA both qualitatively (by mutations) and quantitatively (by mtDNA copy number) are associated with cervical cancer developments. High levels of mtDNA copy with a 4.997 bp deletion in L-SIL cells can be associated with the susceptibility of cells to HPV persistent infection and cervical cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Warowicka
- Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
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