1
|
Teutsch SM, Nunez CA, Morris A, Eslick GD, Khandaker G, Berkhout A, Novakovic D, Brotherton JML, McGregor S, King J, Egilmezer E, Booy R, Jones CA, Rawlinson W, Thorley BR, Elliott EJ. Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) Annual Surveillance Report 2020. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 45. [PMID: 34711146 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2021.45.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract For 27 years, national prospective data on selected rare childhood diseases have been collected monthly by the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU) from paediatricians and other clinical specialists who report cases in children aged up to 16 years. We report here the annual results of APSU surveillance in 2020 for ten rare communicable diseases and complications of communicable diseases, namely: acute flaccid paralysis (AFP); congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection; neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection; perinatal exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); paediatric HIV infection; severe complications of seasonal influenza; juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JoRRP); congenital rubella syndrome; congenital varicella syndrome; and neonatal varicella infection. We describe the results for each disease in the context of the total period of study, including demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment and short-term outcomes. Despite challenges presented by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, more than 1,400 paediatricians reported regularly to the APSU and an overall monthly reporting rate of > 90% was achieved. The minimum AFP target of 1 case per 100,000 children aged less than 15 years was achieved and there were few cases of vaccine-preventable diseases (JoRRP, rubella, varicella). However, high cases of congenital CMV, neonatal HSV and perinatal exposure to HIV persist. There were no severe complications of seasonal influenza reported for the first time in 13 years. This is consistent with other surveillance data reporting a decline of influenza and other communicable diseases in 2020, and likely reflects the wider effects of public health measures to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the Australian community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzy M Teutsch
- The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit.,The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA.,The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Carlos A Nunez
- The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit.,The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA.,The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Anne Morris
- The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit.,The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA.,The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Guy D Eslick
- The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit.,The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA.,The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Gulam Khandaker
- Director of Public Health/Public Health Physician and Director of Medical Research, Central Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Rockhampton, Queensland, AUSTRALIA
| | - Angela Berkhout
- Microbiology Registrar, Microbiology and laboratory services, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | - Daniel Novakovic
- ENT, Head and Neck Surgeon, Laryngologist, and Director, Dr Liang Voice Program, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Julia M L Brotherton
- Medical Director, VCS Population Health, VCS Foundation, Melbourne, Victoria, AUSTRALIA.,Honorary Principal Fellow, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | - Skye McGregor
- Epidemiologist, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Jonathan King
- Epidemiologist, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Ece Egilmezer
- Virology Research Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA.,UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Robert Booy
- Senior Professorial Fellow, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Cheryl A Jones
- Dean and Head of Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - William Rawlinson
- Senior Medical Virologist, Director of Serology, Virology and OTDS Laboratories, NSW Health Pathology Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA.,UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Bruce R Thorley
- Head, National Enterovirus Reference Laboratory and WHO Polio Regional Reference Laboratory, Victorian Infectious Disease Reference Laboratory, Melbourne, Victoria, AUSTRALIA.,The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
| | - Elizabeth J Elliott
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA.,The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stehmann C, Senesi M, Sarros S, McGlade A, Lewis V, Simpson M, Klug G, McLean CA, Masters CL, Collins SJ. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease surveillance in Australia: update to 31 December 2020. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 45. [PMID: 34315360 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2021.45.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Nationwide surveillance of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other human prion diseases is performed by the Australian National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Registry (ANCJDR). National surveillance encompasses the period since 1 January 1970, with prospective surveillance occurring from 1 October 1993. Over this prospective surveillance period, considerable developments have occurred in pre-mortem diagnostics; in the delineation of new disease subtypes; and in a heightened awareness of prion diseases in healthcare settings. Surveillance practices of the ANCJDR have evolved and adapted accordingly. This report summarises the activities of the ANCJDR during 2020. Since the ANCJDR began offering diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 14-3-3 protein testing in Australia in September 1997, the annual number of referrals has steadily increased. In 2020, 510 domestic CSF specimens were referred for 14-3-3 protein testing and 85 persons with suspected human prion disease were formally added to the national register. As of 31 December 2020, just over half (44 cases) of the 85 suspect case notifications remain classified as 'incomplete'; 27 cases were excluded through either detailed clinical follow-up (9 cases) or neuropathological examination (18 cases); 18 cases were classified as 'definite' and eleven as 'probable' prion disease. For 2020, sixty percent of all suspected human-prion-disease-related deaths in Australia underwent neuropathological examination. No cases of variant or iatrogenic CJD were identified. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic did not affect prion disease surveillance outcomes in Australia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Stehmann
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Matteo Senesi
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Shannon Sarros
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Amelia McGlade
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Victoria Lewis
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Marion Simpson
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Genevieve Klug
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Catriona A McLean
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.,The Alfred Hospital, Department of Anatomical Pathology, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne Vic 3004 Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Steven J Collins
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Monitoring the incidence and causes of diseases potentially transmitted by food in Australia: Annual report of the OzFoodNet network, 2013-2015. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 45. [PMID: 34139966 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2021.45.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract This report summarises the incidence of diseases potentially transmitted by food in Australia, and details outbreaks associated with food that occurred during 2013-2015. OzFoodNet sites reported an increasing number of notifications of 12 diseases or conditions vthat may be transmitted by food (botulism; campylobacteriosis; cholera; hepatitis A; hepatitis E; haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS); listeriosis; Salmonella Paratyphi (paratyphoid fever) infection; salmonellosis; shigellosis; Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection; and Salmonella Typhi (typhoid fever) infection), with a total of 28,676 notifications received in 2013; 37,958 in 2014; and 41,226 in 2015. The most commonly-notified conditions were campylobacteriosis (a mean of 19,061 notifications per year over 2013-2015) and salmonellosis (a mean of 15,336 notifications per year over 2013-2015). Over these three years, OzFoodNet sites also reported 512 outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness caused by foodborne, animal-to-person or waterborne disease, affecting 7,877 people, and resulting in 735 hospitalisations and 18 associated deaths. The majority of outbreaks (452/512; 88%) were due to foodborne or suspected foodborne transmission. The remaining 12% of outbreaks were due to waterborne or suspected waterborne transmission (57 outbreaks) and animal-to-human transmission (three outbreaks). Foodborne and suspected foodborne outbreaks affected 7,361 people, resulting in 705 hospitalisations and 18 deaths. Salmonella was the most common aetiological agent identified in foodborne outbreaks (239/452; 53%), and restaurants were the most frequently-reported food preparation setting (211/452; 47%). There were 213 foodborne outbreaks (47%) attributed to a single food commodity during 2013-2015, with 58% (124/213) associated with the consumption of eggs and egg-based dishes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
-
- Australian Government Department of Health
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Temple JB, McDonald PF. Australian migration propensities by visa class: an analysis of linked administrative data. JOURNAL OF POPULATION RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12546-018-9211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
6
|
Wilson LF, Baade PD, Green AC, Jordan SJ, Kendall BJ, Neale RE, Olsen CM, Youlden DR, Webb PM, Whiteman DC. The impact of changing the prevalence of overweight/obesity and physical inactivity in Australia: An estimate of the proportion of potentially avoidable cancers 2013-2037. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:2088-2098. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louise F. Wilson
- Population Health Department; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston QLD Australia
| | - Peter D. Baade
- Cancer Council Queensland; Fortitude Valley QLD Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Southport QLD Australia
- School of Mathematical Sciences; Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Adele C. Green
- Population Health Department; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine; Herston QLD Australia
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
| | - Susan J. Jordan
- Population Health Department; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine; Herston QLD Australia
| | - Bradley J. Kendall
- Population Health Department; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine; Herston QLD Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Princess Alexandra Hospital; Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Rachel E. Neale
- Population Health Department; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine; Herston QLD Australia
| | - Catherine M. Olsen
- Population Health Department; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine; Herston QLD Australia
| | - Danny R. Youlden
- Cancer Council Queensland; Fortitude Valley QLD Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Southport QLD Australia
| | - Penelope M. Webb
- Population Health Department; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine; Herston QLD Australia
| | - David C. Whiteman
- Population Health Department; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Herston QLD Australia
- The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine; Herston QLD Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Honoré M, McLeod G, Hopkins G. Outcomes of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in Crohn's disease patients: an initial Australian experience. ANZ J Surg 2018; 88:E708-E712. [PMID: 29502331 DOI: 10.1111/ans.14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) in association with obesity is becoming an increasing issue in Australia and worldwide. This report looks at outcomes for patients with CD undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of our database of patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy from 2007 to 2016. Patients with concurrent CD were included. RESULTS Eight patients with CD underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with a mean preoperative body mass index of 43.8. There were no identified intraoperative or post-operative complications. The mean excess weight loss was 55.7% and 56.5% at 6 months and 1 year, respectively. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy can be achieved in CD patients. No complications and effective weight loss was observed in the eight reported patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Honoré
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Garth McLeod
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - George Hopkins
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Obesity Surgery, Holy Spirit Northside, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wilson T, Brokensha H, Rowe F, Simpson L. Insights from the Evaluation of Past Local Area Population Forecasts. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11113-017-9450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
Skinner TL, Peeters GG, Croci I, Bell KR, Burton NW, Chambers SK, Bolam KA. Impact of a brief exercise program on the physical and psychosocial health of prostate cancer survivors: A pilot study. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2016; 12:225-34. [PMID: 26923217 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM It is well established that exercise is beneficial for prostate cancer survivors. The challenge for health professionals is to create effective strategies to encourage survivors to exercise in the community. Many community exercise programs are brief in duration (e.g. <5 exercise sessions); whilst evidence for the efficacy of exercise within the literature are derived from exercise programs ≥8 weeks in duration, it is unknown if health benefits can be obtained from a shorter program. This study examined the effect of a four-session individualized and supervised exercise program on the physical and psychosocial health of prostate cancer survivors. METHODS Fifty-one prostate cancer survivors (mean age 69±7 years) were prescribed 1 h, individualized, supervised exercise sessions once weekly for 4 weeks. Participants were encouraged to increase their physical activity levels outside of the exercise sessions. Objective measures of muscular strength, exercise capacity, physical function and flexibility; and self-reported general, disease-specific and psychosocial health were assessed at baseline and following the intervention. RESULTS Improvements were observed in muscle strength (leg press 17.6 percent; P < 0.001), exercise capacity (400-m walk 9.3 percent; P < 0.001), physical function (repeated chair stands 20.1 percent, usual gait speed 19.3 percent, timed up-and-go 15.0 percent; P < 0.001), flexibility (chair sit and reach +2.9 cm; P < 0.001) and positive well-being (P = 0.014) following the exercise program. CONCLUSION A four-session exercise program significantly improved the muscular strength, exercise capacity, physical function and positive well-being of prostate cancer survivors. This short-duration exercise program is safe and feasible for prostate cancer survivors and a randomized controlled trial is now required to determine whether a similar individualized exercise regimen improves physical health and mental well-being over the short, medium and long term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina L Skinner
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gmme Geeske Peeters
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ilaria Croci
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katherine R Bell
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola W Burton
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Suzanne K Chambers
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Griffith University, Griffith Health Institute, Southport, Queensland, Australia.,Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Edith Cowan University, Edith Cowan University Health and Wellness Institute, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kate A Bolam
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
John JS, Grogan P. Compelling new data on the effectiveness of Australia's National Bowel Cancer Screening Program: A model for best practice? Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2016; 12:7-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James St John
- Prevention Division; Cancer Council Victoria; 615 St Kilda Road VIC 3144
- Department of Medicine at The Royal Melbourne Hospital; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne VIC 3050
| | - Paul Grogan
- Cancer Council Australia; Level 14, 477 Pitt Street Sydney NSW 2000 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tegegne AD, Penker M, Wurzinger M. Participatory Demographic Scenarios Addressing Uncertainty and Transformative Change in Ethiopia. SYSTEMIC PRACTICE AND ACTION RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11213-015-9365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
12
|
Evaluation of Alternative Cohort-Component Models for Local Area Population Forecasts. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11113-015-9380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
13
|
Alternative state and national projections of Australia’s very elderly population. JOURNAL OF POPULATION RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12546-015-9149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Subnational Population Projections by Age: An Evaluation of Combined Forecast Techniques. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11113-015-9362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
15
|
Carville K, Leslie G, Osseiran-Moisson R, Newall N, Lewin G. The effectiveness of a twice-daily skin-moisturising regimen for reducing the incidence of skin tears. Int Wound J 2015; 11:446-53. [PMID: 25040325 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a twice-daily moisturising regimen as compared to 'usual' skin care for reducing skin tear incidence. Aged care residents from 14 Western Australian facilities (980 beds) were invited to participate. The facilities were sorted into pairs and matched in terms of bed numbers and whether they provided high or low care. One facility from each matched pair was randomised to the intervention group. Consenting residents in an intervention facility received a twice-daily application of a commercially available, standardised pH neutral, perfume-free moisturiser on their extremities. Residents in the control facilities received ad hoc or no standardised skin-moisturising regimen. Participant numbers were sufficient to detect a 5% difference in incidence rate between the two groups with 80% power and a significance level of P = 0·05, and the inter-cluster correlation coefficient was 0·034. Data were collected over 6 months. A total of 1396 skin tears on 424 residents were recorded during the study. In the intervention group, the average monthly incidence rate was 5·76 per 1000 occupied bed days as compared to 10·57 in the control group. The application of moisturiser twice daily reduced the incidence of skin tears by almost 50% in residents living in aged care facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keryln Carville
- Silver Chain Group, Perth, WA,, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Curtin University, Perth, WA,, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Blum S, Reddel S, Spies J, McCombe P. Clinical features of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome at seven hospitals on the East Coast of Australia. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2014; 18:316-20. [PMID: 24172315 DOI: 10.1111/jns5.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To document the clinical features of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in Australia, we performed a retrospective analysis of all patients admitted to several hospitals along the East Coast of Australia from 2000 to 2012. Using hospital records, we reviewed all patients with a diagnosis of GBS admitted to seven hospitals. From these, we report information of subjects who fulfilled standard diagnostic criteria. We excluded patients where inadequate information was available or who were under the age of 18. We report the features of 335 patients, in 228 of whom neurophysiological data were available. There were 168 cases of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), 17 of acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), 4 of acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN), and 35 of Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS). The median age at onset was 52.5 years (18-89 years) with a male : female ratio of 1.61 : 1. Upper respiratory tract infections were the most frequently identified trigger (151 subjects, 44.5%). Most patients were severely affected, with 42.7% of subjects bedbound, and an additional 24% requiring ventilatory support. GBS affects adults of all ages and usually follows a severe clinical course. In contrast to other autoimmune diseases, males are more frequently affected. A wide variety of triggering factors leads to a relatively stereotypical clinical syndrome. The most common variant of GBS in Australia is AIDP. This study shows that the clinical features of GBS in Australia are similar to that previously reported and confirms the male predominance, increased incidence with age, and frequent evidence of peripheral nerve demyelination as features of GBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Blum
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Australia; Centre of Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Herston Campus, Herston, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rayer S, Smith SK. Population Projections by Age for Florida and its Counties: Assessing Accuracy and the Impact of Adjustments. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11113-014-9325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
18
|
|