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Hany M, Demerdash HM, Abouelnasr AA, Torensma B. Effect of Cytokeratin-18, C-peptide, MHR, and MACK-3 Biomarkers in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Biomark Insights 2024; 19:11772719241256496. [PMID: 38836118 PMCID: PMC11149444 DOI: 10.1177/11772719241256496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has emerged as a valuable treatment for various metabolic disorders, including metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in patients with obesity. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring disease progression. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate specific biomarkers, including Cytokeratin-18 (CK-18), C-peptide, monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR), and MACK-3, in patients with obesity with MAFLD undergoing LSG. Design A prospective cohort study on patients with obesity before and 6 months after the LSG procedure. Methods 70 patients with obesity with confirmed MAFLD, determined by Transient Elastography (TE), were pre- and 6 months postoperatively tested. Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, ghrelin, leptin, peptide YY, GLP-1, and liver fibrosis scores, including AST/ALT ratio (AAR), Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), and BARD Score were tested. Results BMI significantly decreased in all participants, with a % excess weight loss of 62.0% ± 15.4%. TE measurements revealed a significant postoperative reduction from 100% to 87.1% (P = .006). All selected biomarkers showed significant postoperative improvement-a significant association of CK-18 with MAFLD markers, including AAR, FIB-4, and BARD score, were found. MACK-3 had positive associations with FIB-4. C-peptide and MHR showed no association with MAFLD markers. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between CK-18 and MACK-3 tests and between C-peptide and CK-18 and MACK-3. Additionally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed, with CK-18 performing the best, with an estimated area under the curve of 0.863. Conclusion Serum CK-18 outperformed other selected biomarkers in predicting and monitoring MAFLD in patients with obesity, suggesting its prospective utility in clinical practice. Further studies are needed to validate the accuracy of the MACK-3 test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hany
- Department of Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Madina Women's Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala M Demerdash
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Bart Torensma
- Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
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Wahab MA, Alhabibi AM, Sakr AK, Zakaria MY, Saleh OI, Ahmad IH, Abdelrahman EK, Taha RSE, Ahmed FKAA, Ismail B, Azel LH, Hassan AS, El Sayed HME, Kasim SA, Elsharkawy SA. The Correlation Between C-Peptide and Severity of Peripheral Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2617-2625. [PMID: 37663202 PMCID: PMC10474844 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s426956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the major issues affecting global health is Diabetes mellitus (DM), not only in terms of the disease itself but also its complications. Macrovascular complications are both common and serious, affecting many patients. This study aimed to assess fasting C-peptide levels and correlate them with the severity of the peripheral arterial disease complicating type 2 DM (T2DM). Patients and Methods This study included 200 participants who were categorized into two groups: Group I (n=100, patients with T2DM complicated by femoropopliteal arterial atherosclerosis) and Group II (n=100, healthy age- and sex-matched individuals serving as controls). Fasting C-peptide levels were estimated using an immunochemiluminometric assay. Results Fasting C-peptide levels were significantly higher in Group I than in the control group. Fasting C-peptide levels were positively correlated with the severity of atherosclerosis. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that fasting C-peptide levels served as a specific and sensitive marker for detecting the severity of this disease. Conclusion Fasting C-peptide levels can be used as a sensitive and specific indicator of the severity of femoropopliteal arteriosclerosis that complicates T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa A Wahab
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alshaymaa M Alhabibi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khairy Sakr
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yahia Zakaria
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola I Saleh
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Inass Hassan Ahmad
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Kamel Abdelrahman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | | | | | - Bothayna Ismail
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa Hosney Azel
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S Hassan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Sammar Ahmed Kasim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa Abdelfattah Elsharkawy
- Department of Community Medicine and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Jahromi MK, Ahmadirad H, Jamshidi S, Farhadnejad H, Mokhtari E, Shahrokhtabar T, Tavakkoli S, Teymoori F, Mirmiran P. The association of serum C-peptide with the risk of cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:168. [PMID: 37568168 PMCID: PMC10416519 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01142-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-peptide is considered a peptide with active function in the body, which can affect people's health. However, the results of previous studies on the possible association of C-peptide with the risk of cardiometabolic disorders have not been fully understood. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between serum C-peptide level and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. METHODS The various important databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched comprehensively to November 2022 to identify the relevant studies. The HR(95% CI) or OR(95% CI) for observational studies were extracted and converted into log HR or log OR and their standard deviation(SD) was computed. A random-effects model with an inverse variance weighting method was conducted, to calculate the pooled effect size. RESULTS Sixteen observational studies, including one case-control study, eight cohort studies, and seven cross-sectional studies were included in the current meta-analysis. The sample size ranged from 90 to 7030, with an age range from 12 to 85 years. During the follow-up time (ranging from 5 to 17 years), 4852 CVD events occurred. Based on cohort and case-control studies, the pooled results showed no significant association between serum C-peptide with CVD events risk (RR = 1.02;95%CI:0.91-1.15, I2 = 34.7%; P-heterogeneity = 0.140). For cross-sectional studies, the pooled results indicated a positive association between serum C-peptide and the odds of CVD outcomes (OR = 1.35;95%CI:1.04-1.76, I2 = 83.6%; P-heterogeneity < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The pooled results of the current study suggested that C-peptide level was not related to the risk of CVD events in cohort studies, however, the meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies showed a significant association between C-peptide and an increased risk of CVD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Kazemi Jahromi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadirad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Jamshidi
- Imam Ali Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahere Shahrokhtabar
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Tavakkoli
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Teymoori
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Blood and Urinary Biomarkers of Antipsychotic-Induced Metabolic Syndrome. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080726. [PMID: 36005598 PMCID: PMC9416438 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of at least three of the following five medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Antipsychotic (AP)-induced MetS (AIMetS) is the most common adverse drug reaction (ADR) of psychiatric pharmacotherapy. Herein, we review the results of studies of blood (serum and plasma) and urinary biomarkers as predictors of AIMetS in patients with schizophrenia (Sch). We reviewed 1440 studies examining 38 blood and 19 urinary metabolic biomarkers, including urinary indicators involved in the development of AIMetS. Among the results, only positive associations were revealed. However, at present, it should be recognized that there is no consensus on the role of any particular urinary biomarker of AIMetS. Evaluation of urinary biomarkers of the development of MetS and AIMetS, as one of the most common concomitant pathological conditions in the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders, may provide a key to the development of strategies for personalized prevention and treatment of the condition, which is considered a complication of AP therapy for Sch in clinical practice.
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Biomarkers in metabolic syndrome. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 111:101-156. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nohair SFAL. Antidiabetic efficacy of a honey-royal jelly mixture: Biochemical study in rats. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2021; 15:4-9. [PMID: 34285683 PMCID: PMC8265305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current tools for the management of diabetes mellitus (DM) do not prevent its development or complications, so investigations into promising new treatments, for example, honey-royal jelly (H-RJ) mixtures, are needed. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of royal jelly on DM by measuring the biochemical parameters (fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) accompanying streptozotocin (i.p. 75 mg/kg once)-induced type 1 DM (T1DM) in rats. Other objectives were to evaluate the effects of H-RJ on lipid parameters. METHODS Ten healthy control male Sprague-Dawley rats (120-150 g) were compared to untreated T1DM (n = 10), metformin-treated T1DM (n = 10), and H-RJ-treated T1DM rats (n = 10) on plasma and whole-blood glycemic control indices (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c %, insulin, and insulin resistance) and plasma lipid profile (triglycerides [TGs] and total, low-density lipoprotein -, high-density lipoprotein -, and very low-density lipoprotein [VLDL]-cholesterol). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (SZT) at 75 mg/kg body weight (BW). The T1DM-H-RJ rat group received daily RJ (100 mg/kg BW). Parametric data are presented as mean ± SD and were analyzed for comparison using one-way ANOVA in SPSS software. RESULTS H-RJ normalized glycemic control indices, but its effect on lipid parameters was variable. H-RJ and metformin had comparable effects. The H-RJ treatment caused a significant reduction in plasma VLDL-C content in comparison to the control treatment and metformin. The limitation of this study is that it was restricted to T1DM and did not involve type 2 DM. In addition, the study was limited to male Sprague-Dawley rats, with no females. CONCLUSION The H-RJ mixture is a promising antidiabetic alternative medicine. It effectively reduces VLDL-C and TG in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Fahad AL Nohair
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Chen Z, He J, Ma Q, Xiao M. Association Between C-Peptide Level and Subclinical Myocardial Injury. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:680501. [PMID: 34456859 PMCID: PMC8397456 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.680501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have confirmed an association between C-peptide levels with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, whether circulating C-peptide was related to subclinical myocardial injury (SC-MI) remains unknown. METHODS A total of 3,752 participants without a history of cardiovascular diseases were included in our study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III). Multivariable linear regression was performed to explore the correlation between C-peptide and cardiac injury score (CIIS). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between C-peptide quartile and SC-MI. RESULTS Circulating C-peptide was significantly associated with CIIS (β:0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00-0.17; p = 0.041). Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of circulating C-peptide increased a 1.48-fold risk of SC-MI (Odds ratio = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.18-1.87; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The level of C-peptide was independently associated with CIIS and SC-MI, which could serve as a new risk factor of SC-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Mingbing Xiao, ; Qiang Ma,
| | - Mingbing Xiao
- Research Center of Clinical Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Mingbing Xiao, ; Qiang Ma,
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Amir A, Hassan M, Alvi S, Mueed A, Idrees S, Ashraf J, Haleem F, Ali Khan M. Frequency and Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Ischemic Stroke Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi. Cureus 2020; 12:e9004. [PMID: 32775084 PMCID: PMC7402533 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.9004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a syndrome of truncal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and dyslipidemia. It is well known that MetS increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and adverse events. Each of its components is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but data on the association with ischemic stroke are scarce. At the international level, a significant body of research has been conducted on this issue, but the situation is very different in Pakistan. Very little data are present on the subject matter. This study is an endeavor in this direction, generating data, that can be used in early identification and developing treatment services for patients with ischemic stroke having MetS. Aims To determine the frequency of MetS in ischemic stroke patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods This six-month observational and cross-sectional study was conducted at Medical Unit I, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre from July 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Patients with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke were enrolled. Detailed history, physical examination, and biochemical measurements were noted. The presence of MetS was defined in accordance with the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III)/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. Results A total of 224 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were inducted into this study. The mean age of presentation was 61.04 ± 14.72 years, and more than two-thirds of the patients were ≥60 years of age. A total of 150 (66.96%) patients with ischemic stroke also had MetS. The male-to-female ratio in this group was 2:1. The most common variables constituting the MetS were truncal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The median MetS score was 3. Conclusions MetS is highly prevalent in patients presenting with ischemic stroke irrespective of age or gender. The three most deranged and common components of MetS in these patients are truncal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Amir
- Internal Medicine, Civil Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Mujtaba Hassan
- Critical Care, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | - Souhaib Alvi
- Medicine, Abbassi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Abdul Mueed
- Cardiac Electrocardiography, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Jibran Ashraf
- Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
| | - Farhan Haleem
- Gastroenterology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
| | - M Ali Khan
- Gastroenterology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
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Zaidi H, Byrkjeland R, Njerve IU, Åkra S, Solheim S, Arnesen H, Seljeflot I, Opstad TB. Effects of exercise training on inflammasome-related mediators and their associations to glucometabolic variables in patients with combined coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Sub-study of a randomized control trial. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2019; 16:360-368. [PMID: 30939905 DOI: 10.1177/1479164119836922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue produces pro-inflammatory mediators involved in the atherosclerotic process. We investigated whether 12-month exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease would reduce circulating levels and genetic expression of mediators in the interleukin-18, Caspase-1 and NLR pyrin domain containing 3 pathways. Correlations to glucometabolic variables; fasting glucose, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, insulin, C-peptide, insulin resistance (measured by homeostatic model assessment indexes - insulin resistance) and body mass index at baseline were further assessed. METHODS 137 patients (aged 41-81 years, 17.2% female participants) were included and randomized to a 12-month exercise programme or to a control group. Fasting blood and adipose tissue samples were taken at inclusion and after 12 months. RESULTS No statistically significant difference in changes of any variable between the intervention and the control group was found. At baseline, a positive correlation between insulin and homeostatic model assessment indexes - insulin resistance, interleukin-18 expression in adipose tissue and an inverse correlation between some glucometabolic variables and leukocyte expression of NLR pyrin domain containing 3 and Caspase-1 were observed. CONCLUSION No significant effects of long-term exercise training were observed on the inflammasome-related mediators in our patients with combined coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The observed correlations may indicate a pro-inflammatory state in adipose tissue by overweight and a compensatory downregulation of these mediators in circulating leucocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Zaidi
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 2 Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- 4 Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Rune Byrkjeland
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 2 Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida U Njerve
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 2 Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sissel Åkra
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 2 Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Solheim
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 2 Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Arnesen
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 2 Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 2 Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine B Opstad
- 1 Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 2 Center for Heart Failure Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 3 Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Wang Y, Wan H, Chen Y, Xia F, Zhang W, Wang C, Fang S, Zhang K, Li Q, Wang N, Lu Y. Association of C-peptide with diabetic vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2019; 46:33-40. [PMID: 31026551 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Fasting serum C-peptide is a biomarker of insulin production and insulin resistance, but its association with vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has never been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate whether C-peptide is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS A total of 4793 diabetes patients were enrolled from seven communities in Shanghai, China, in 2018. CVD was defined as a self-reported combination of previous diagnoses, including coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and stroke. DR was examined using fundus photographs. Logistic regression analyses were performed, and multiple imputed data were used to obtain stabilized estimates. RESULTS Prevalence of CVD increased with increasing C-peptide levels (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4: 33%, 34%, 37% and 44%, respectively; Pfor trend < 0.001), whereas DR prevalence decreased with increasing C-peptide quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4: 21%, 19%, 15% and 12%, respectively; Pfor trend < 0.001). On logistic regression analysis, C-peptide levels were significantly associated with CVD prevalence (1.27, 95% CI: 1.13-1.42; P < 0.001) and C-peptide quartiles (Q1: reference; Q2: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.00-1.70; Q3: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16-2.01; Q4: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.32-2.34; Pfor trend < 0.001). Given the interaction between C-peptide and BMI and the association between C-peptide and CVD (Pfor interaction = 0.015), study participants were divided into two subgroups based on BMI which revealed that the association persisted despite different BMI statuses. However, DR prevalence decreased with increasing C-peptide levels (0.73, 95% CI: 0.62-0.86; P < 0.001) and quartiles (Q1: reference; Q2: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.76-1.33; Q3: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50-0.94; Q4: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.36-0.72; Pfor trend < 0.001). CONCLUSION C-peptide was positively associated with CVD, but inversely associated with DR progression. The association between C-peptide and CVD could be due to associated metabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - H Wan
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - F Xia
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - W Zhang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - C Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - S Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - K Zhang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Q Li
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - N Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Y Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Rocha EPAA, Vogel M, Stanik J, Pietzner D, Willenberg A, Körner A, Kiess W. Serum Uric Acid Levels as an Indicator for Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity in Children and Adolescents. Horm Res Paediatr 2018; 90:19-27. [PMID: 30056455 DOI: 10.1159/000490113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) refers to those individuals who do not show cardiometabolic abnormalities. Our aim was to identify potential clinical and metabolic indicators that may help to distinguish between metabolically healthy and unhealthy individuals amongst overweight and obese children and adolescents. METHODS The study involved 246 overweight/obese and 212 normal-weight individuals enrolled in the LIFE Child study, aged between 6 and 18 years. Overweight/obese individuals without cardiovascular risk factors (fasting serum lipids, blood pressure, and glucose) were classified as MHO. Individuals meeting 1 or more criteria of cardiovascular risk factors were classified as metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). RESULTS Among the 246 overweight/obese individuals, 173 (70%) were MHO and 73 (30%) were MUO. The MHO individuals were younger, more likely to be male, and had lower BMI SDS. In the logistic regression models, uric acid (UA) SDS (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.1-2.6, p = 0.004), waist circumference SDS (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.2-6.4, p = 0.017), and C-peptide (OR 4.05, 95% CI 3.5-91, p = 0.003) were significant indicators of MUO. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that nearly one-third of overweight/obese children are already identified as MUO. Serum levels of UA can be used as an indicator of unhealthy obesity in youth, where lower levels of UA indicate a lower risk and higher levels suggest a higher risk of MUO. We note that the relevance of identifying potential indicators remains the first most important step in future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edrienny Patrícia Alves Accioly Rocha
- University of Leipzig, LIFE Child Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,University of Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Vogel
- University of Leipzig, LIFE Child Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,University of Leipzig, Centre of Paediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Juraj Stanik
- University of Leipzig, Centre of Paediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, and Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Diana Pietzner
- University of Leipzig, LIFE Child Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,University of Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Willenberg
- University of Leipzig, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (ILM), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Department of Women and Child Health, University Hospitals, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University of Leipzig, LIFE Child Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig, Germany.,University of Leipzig, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Andrade RLM, Callo G, Horta BL. Peptídeo C e mortalidade cardiovascular: revisão sistemática e metanálise. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2018; 43:e23. [PMID: 31093247 PMCID: PMC6459372 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2019.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Analisar as evidências de associação entre peptídeo C e mortalidade cardiovascular e geral disponíveis na literatura. Métodos Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática das bases de dados MEDLINE e EMBASE. Foram incluídos artigos publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol relatando estudos observacionais que investigaram a associação entre o peptídeo C e a mortalidade cardiovascular e geral. Buscou-se ainda avaliar a associação entre peptídeo C e fatores de risco cardiometabólicos, fatores hemodinâmicos e medidas antropométricas. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada de acordo com os critérios da escala Newcastle-Ottawa. Resultados Foram identificados 107 estudos relacionados ao tema. Ao final do processo de triagem, foram incluídos 18 artigos que apresentavam dados sobre a associação entre peptídeo C e risco cardiovascular. Cinco estudos forneceram dados sobre a relação entre peptídeo C e mortalidade cardiovascular e geral. O peptídeo C esteve associado positivamente ao IMC em chineses, e inversamente ao HDL colesterol em amostras populacionais na Ásia, Oriente Médio e Estados Unidos. Todavia, não foi possível realizar metanálise para os componentes de risco cardiovascular. Por outro lado, o peptídeo C esteve associado com a mortalidade cardiovascular (RR = 1,62; IC95%: 0,99 a 2,66) e geral (RR = 1,39; IC95%: 1,04 a 1,84). Conclusão Na revisão sistemática e metanálise realizadas, os níveis séricos de peptídeo C estiveram associados positivamente com a mortalidade geral em todos os indivíduos e com a mortalidade cardiovascular em pessoas sem comorbidades. Com base nesses resultados, é possível recomendar o emprego do peptídeo C na prática clínica como proxy da condição de resistência à insulina associada a mortalidade cardiovascular.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Callo
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Pelotas (RS), Brasil
| | - Bernardo Lessa Horta
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Pelotas (RS), Brasil
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13
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Wang X, Yang J, Chang B, Shan C, Xu Y, Zheng M, Wang Y, Ren H, Chen L. Glucagon secretion is increased in patients with Type 2 diabetic nephropathy. J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:488-93. [PMID: 26908298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Currently little is known about the relationship between renal function, albuminuria and glucagon; we analyzed the secretion of glucagon (GLA) and C-peptide in Type 2 diabetic patients with different degrees of nephropathy. METHODS 357 patients with Type 2 diabetes including 119 cases without nephropathy and 238 cases with nephropathy were divided into four groups according to the stages of diabetic nephropathy. Patients with diabetic nephropathy were further classified according to the level of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). OGTT and insulin, C-peptide, glucagon releasing tests were performed in all patients. Characteristics of glucagon and C-peptide secretion in different groups were compared. Glucagon/glucose ratio (GLA/GLU) and glucagon/insulin ratio (GLA/INS) were used to represent the inhibition of glucose or insulin on glucagon secretion, respectively. RESULTS With the progress of diabetic nephropathy, glucagon level increased significantly; the glucagon peak after glucose load delayed from 60 min to 120 min, whereas C-peptide level decreased significantly. Related factors analysis suggested that glucagon was independently correlated with eGFR. Further analysis showed that glucagon level was higher in group with eGFR<60 ml/min compared with that in group with eGFR≥60 ml/min. In addition, both GLA/INS and GLA/GLU were higher in group with eGFR<60 ml/min compared with those in group with eGFR≥60 ml/min. CONCLUSIONS Patients with Type 2 diabetic nephropathy have worsened islet alpha and beta cell function. Therefore medications based on the regulation of glucagon secretion may improve glycemic control and also be beneficial for delaying the progress of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China; Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Juhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Baocheng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyan Shan
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Yanguang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Miaoyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Huizhu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China.
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14
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Gonzalez-Mejia ME, Porchia LM, Torres-Rasgado E, Ruiz-Vivanco G, Pulido-Pérez P, Báez-Duarte BG, Pérez-Fuentes R. C-Peptide Is a Sensitive Indicator for the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome in Subjects from Central Mexico. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2016; 14:210-6. [PMID: 26863426 DOI: 10.1089/met.2015.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is associated with elevated risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A key component of MetS is the development of insulin resistance (IR). The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) model can determine IR by using insulin or C-peptide concentrations; however, the efficiency of insulin and C-peptide to determine MetS has not been compared. The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of C-peptide and insulin to determine MetS in Mexicans. METHODS Anthropometrics, glucose, insulin, C-peptide, triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins were determined in 156 nonpregnant females and 114 males. Subjects were separated into normal or positive for MetS. IR was determined by the HOMA2 calculator using insulin or C-peptide. Correlations were calculated using the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ). Differences between correlations were determined by calculating Steiger's Z. The sensitivity was determined by the area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) analysis. RESULTS Independent of the MetS definition [Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), or World Health Organization (WHO)], C-peptide and insulin were significantly higher in MetS subjects (P < 0.05). C-peptide and insulin correlated with all components of MetS; however, for waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and fasting plasma glucose, C-peptide correlated better than insulin (P < 0.05). Moreover, C-peptide (AUC = 0.72-0.78) was a better marker than insulin (AUC = 0.62-0.72) for MetS (P < 0.05). Finally, HOMA2-IR calculated with C-peptide (AUC = 0.80-0.84) was more accurate than HOMA2-IR calculated with insulin (AUC = 0.68-0.75, P < 0.05) at determining MetS. CONCLUSION C-peptide is a strong indicator of MetS. Since C-peptide has recently emerged as a biomolecule with significant importance for inflammatory diseases, monitoring C-peptide levels will aid clinicians in preventing MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo M Porchia
- 2 Laboratorio de Fisiopatología en Enfermedades Crónicas, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social , Puebla, México
| | | | | | - Patricia Pulido-Pérez
- 2 Laboratorio de Fisiopatología en Enfermedades Crónicas, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social , Puebla, México
| | - Blanca G Báez-Duarte
- 1 Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla, México
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Fuentes
- 1 Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla , Puebla, México .,2 Laboratorio de Fisiopatología en Enfermedades Crónicas, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social , Puebla, México
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15
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Robberecht H, Hermans N. Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome: Biochemical Background and Clinical Significance. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2016; 14:47-93. [PMID: 26808223 DOI: 10.1089/met.2015.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers of the metabolic syndrome are divided into four subgroups. Although dividing them in groups has some limitations, it can be used to draw some conclusions. In a first part, the dyslipidemias and markers of oxidative stress are discussed, while inflammatory markers and cardiometabolic biomarkers are reviewed in a second part. For most of them, the biochemical background and clinical significance are discussed, although here also a well-cut separation cannot always be made. Altered levels cannot always be claimed as the cause, risk, or consequence of the syndrome. Several factors are interrelated to each other and act in a concerted, antagonistic, synergistic, or modulating way. Most important conclusions are summarized at the end of every reviewed subgroup. Genetic biomarkers or influences of various food components on concentration levels are not included in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Robberecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NatuRA (Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis), University of Antwerp , Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nina Hermans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NatuRA (Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis), University of Antwerp , Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
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16
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Garcia-Serrano S, Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Gonzalo M, Garcia-Arnes J, Valdes S, Soriguer F, Perez-Valero V, Alaminos-Castillo MA, Francisco Cobos-Bravo J, Moreno-Ruiz FJ, Rodriguez-Cañete A, Rodríguez-Pacheco F, Garcia-Escobar E, García-Fuentes E. C-peptide modifies leptin and visfatin secretion in human adipose tissue. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:1607-15. [PMID: 26146822 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of C-peptide on adipose tissue, an organ involved in the development of obesity and insulin resistance, are not yet well known. The aim of this study was to determine whether C-peptide could be involved in the regulation of the adipocytokine synthesis in human visceral adipose tissue. METHODS The association between C-peptide and different serum adipocytokines, with an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), and in an in vitro study in subjects without obesity and in subjects with morbid obesity were analyzed. RESULTS In different multiple regression analysis models, C-peptide and C-peptide increase above basal levels during total IVGTT and between 0 and 10 min were associated positively with leptin and negatively with visfatin. Rhodamine-labeled C-peptide binds to human adipocytes, and this binding was blocked with excess of unlabeled C-peptide. Exposure of human visceral explants and adipocytes from subjects with morbid obesity to C-peptide at 1 and 10 nM induced a significant increase in leptin and a decrease in visfatin secretion. In subjects without obesity, these C-peptide effects were found mainly at 10 nM. These effects can be inhibited by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) or protein kinase B (PKB) inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS C-peptide may be involved in the regulation of leptin and visfatin secretion, molecules intimately involved in energy homeostasis processes, through PI3K or PKB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Garcia-Serrano
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER De Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Carolina Gutiérrez-Repiso
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
| | - Montserrat Gonzalo
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Garcia-Arnes
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sergio Valdes
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER De Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Federico Soriguer
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER De Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología De La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Málaga, Spain
| | - Vidal Perez-Valero
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Laboratorio, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel A Alaminos-Castillo
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Laboratorio, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Cobos-Bravo
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Cirugía General, Digestiva Y Trasplantes, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Moreno-Ruiz
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Cirugía General, Digestiva Y Trasplantes, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Rodriguez-Cañete
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Cirugía General, Digestiva Y Trasplantes, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Rodríguez-Pacheco
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER De Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Eva Garcia-Escobar
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER De Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain
| | - Eduardo García-Fuentes
- Unidad De Gestión Clínica De Endocrinología Y Nutrición, Instituto De Investigacion Biomédica De Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología De La Obesidad Y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Málaga, Spain
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Cabrera de León A, Oliva García JG, Marcelino Rodríguez I, Almeida González D, Alemán Sánchez JJ, Brito Díaz B, Domínguez Coello S, Bertomeu Martínez V, Aguirre Jaime A, Rodríguez Pérez MDC. C-peptide as a risk factor of coronary artery disease in the general population. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2015; 12:199-207. [PMID: 25696117 DOI: 10.1177/1479164114564900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the association between serum C-peptide and coronary artery disease in the general population. METHODS Follow-up study of 6630 adults from the general population. They were stratified into group 1 (no insulin resistance: C-peptide < third tercile and glycaemia < 100 mg/dL), group 2 (initial insulin resistance: C-peptide ⩾ third tercile and glycaemia < 100 mg/dL) and group 3 (advanced insulin resistance: glycaemia ⩾ 100 mg/dL). RESULTS After 3.5 years of follow-up, group 2 had a higher incidence of myocardial infarction (relative risk (RR) = 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.7-10.6) and coronary artery disease (RR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.9-6.6) than group 1. Group 3 also had increased incidences of both diseases. In multivariable analysis of the entire population, groups 2 and 3 showed significant risks of myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease (RR > 3 and RR > 2, respectively). However, when people with diabetes were excluded, the increased risks were corroborated only in group 2 for myocardial infarction (RR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.1-6.9; p = 0.025) and coronary artery disease (RR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.3-4.6; p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Elevated C-peptide is associated with the incidence of myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease in the general population. It can be an earlier predictor of coronary events than impaired fasting glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cabrera de León
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain Cardiovascular Research Network of the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain
| | - José Gregorio Oliva García
- Endocrine Diseases Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Itahisa Marcelino Rodríguez
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain Cardiovascular Research Network of the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain
| | - Delia Almeida González
- Cardiovascular Research Network of the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain Immunology Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - José Juan Alemán Sánchez
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain Cardiovascular Research Network of the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain
| | - Buenaventura Brito Díaz
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain Cardiovascular Research Network of the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain
| | - Santiago Domínguez Coello
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain Cardiovascular Research Network of the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain
| | - Vicente Bertomeu Martínez
- Cardiovascular Research Network of the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital San Juan, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Armando Aguirre Jaime
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - María del Cristo Rodríguez Pérez
- Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria University Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain Cardiovascular Research Network of the Carlos III Institute of Health, Spain
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Alemzadeh R, Kichler J. Gender differences in the association of insulin resistance and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein in obese adolescents. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:35. [PMID: 24555754 PMCID: PMC3974110 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Low-grade vascular inflammation is believed to initiate early atherosclerotic process by inducing insulin resistance (IR), with significant gender differences in adults. We evaluated the relationship between surrogate measures of inflammation and IR in obese adolescents. Methods The association among markers of inflammation [high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP)] and IR, cardiometabolic risk factors and body composition was retrospectively examined in 199 obese adolescents [(111 F/88 M), aged 15.5 ± 1.2 years]. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results Males had higher body mass index SD-score (BMI-SDS), fat mass (FM), glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, hs-CRP, triglycerides: HDL-C (TG:HDL-C) ratio than females (p < 0.05), whereas females had higher c-peptide: insulin ratio than males (p < 0.05). Also, 50.8% of subjects were identified with metabolic syndrome with similar gender distribution (M: 57.9% vs. F: 45.1%, p = 0.32). Hs-CRP was correlated with HOMA-IR in the cohort, even when controlling for FM (r = 0.26; p < 0.0001). However, hs-CRP and HOMA-IR displayed a significant correlation only in females (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001) when adjusting for FM and pubertal status. Also, c-peptide: insulin ratio was inversely correlated with hs-CRP (r = −0.32; p < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (r = −0.62; p < 0.0001) and partially mediated the relationship between these biomarkers only among females (β = 0.36, p < 0.001 to β = 0.18, p < 0.05; Sobel Test: p < 0.01). Conclusions A positive association between hs-CRP and HOMA-IR was observed only in adolescent girls which was influenced by altered hepatic insulin clearance. This implies that obese adolescent girls may be at greatest risk of developing early atherosclerosis and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Alemzadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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