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Nutritional status positively impacts humoral immunity against its Mycobacterium tuberculosis, disease progression, and vaccine development. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237062. [PMID: 32760105 PMCID: PMC7410285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional status contributes to the regulation of immune responses against pathogens, and malnutrition has been considered as a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB, can modulate host lipid metabolism and induce lipid accumulation in macrophages, where the bacilli adopt a dormant phenotype. In addition, serum lipid components play dual roles in the regulation of and protection from Mtb infection. We analyzed the relationship between nutritional status and the humoral immune response in TB patients. We found that serum HDL levels are positively correlated with the serum IgA specific for Mtb antigens. Analysis of the relationship between serum nutritional parameters and clinical parameters in TB patients showed that serum albumin and CRP levels were negatively correlated before treatment. We also observed reduced serum LDL levels in TB patients following treatment. These findings may provide insight into the role of serum lipids in host immune responses against Mtb infection. Furthermore, improving the nutritional status may enhance vaccination efficacy.
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Apriani L, McAllister S, Sharples K, Alisjahbana B, Ruslami R, Hill PC, Menzies D. Latent tuberculosis infection in healthcare workers in low- and middle-income countries: an updated systematic review. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.01789-2018. [PMID: 30792341 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01789-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) and TB disease.We conducted an updated systematic review of the prevalence and incidence of LTBI in HCWs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), associated factors, and infection control practices. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science (January 1, 2005-June 20, 2017) for studies published in any language. We obtained pooled estimates using random effects methods and investigated heterogeneity using meta-regression.85 studies (32 630 subjects) were included from 26 LMICs. Prevalence of a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) was 14-98% (mean 49%); prevalence of a positive interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) was 9-86% (mean 39%). Countries with TB incidence ≥300 per 100 000 had the highest prevalence (TST: pooled estimate 55%, 95% CI 41-69%; IGRA: pooled estimate 56%, 95% CI 39-73%). Annual incidence estimated from the TST was 1-38% (mean 17%); annual incidence estimated from the IGRA was 10-30% (mean 18%). The prevalence and incidence of a positive test was associated with years of work, work location, TB contact and job category. Only 15 studies reported on infection control measures in healthcare facilities, with limited implementation.HCWs in LMICs in high TB incidence settings remain at increased risk of acquiring LTBI. There is an urgent need for robust implementation of infection control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lika Apriani
- TB-HIV Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia .,Dept of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Centre for International Health, Dept of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Susan McAllister
- Centre for International Health, Dept of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Katrina Sharples
- Centre for International Health, Dept of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Dept of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Bachti Alisjahbana
- TB-HIV Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Dept of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rovina Ruslami
- TB-HIV Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,Dept of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Philip C Hill
- Centre for International Health, Dept of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dick Menzies
- Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Hattori T, Chagan-Yasutan H, Shiratori B, Egawa S, Izumi T, Kubo T, Nakajima C, Suzuki Y, Niki T, Alisjahbana B, Telan E. Development of Point-of-Care Testing for Disaster-Related Infectious Diseases. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 238:287-93. [PMID: 27020774 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.238.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
After disaster, the victims lose their safe lives and are even exposed to nature where they could suffer from animal bites and vectors followed by suffering from zoonosis or vector-born diseases. Because of the urgent need for rapid and cheap diagnosis for infectious diseases after disaster, anonymous questionnaire clarified that leptospirosis, dengue, diarrhea, and cholera were recognized as common disaster-related infections in the Philippines, while diarrhea and pneumonia were more common in Indonesia. It should also be noted that infectious disease itself such as tuberculosis associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome in South Africa is a disaster. Thus, the possible occurrence of similar situation in Asia should be prevented. We have conducted an international collaborative research in the Philippines and Indonesia on dengue virus, leptospira and mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infectious diseases. Development of point-of-care testing for molecular diagnosis and disease severity was the principal purpose of the research. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay, which does not require a source of electricity, was developed for leptospirosis, dengue and MTB and has been proved to be useful where resource is limited. The plasma levels of matricellular proteins, including galectin-9 and osteopontin, were found to reflect the disease severities in dengue virus and MTB infection, probably because matricellular proteins are one of the most functional extracellular proteins that are associated with inflammatory edema. The study on disaster-related infectious disease facilitates the international cooperation for development of point-of-care testing for tropical infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Hattori
- Department of Disaster-related Infectious Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University
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Zhao J, Matsuba T, Zhang X, Leano S, Nakajima C, Chagan-Yasutan H, Telan EF, Suzuki Y, Hattori T. Comparison of antibody responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Rv0679c in tuberculosis patients from the endemic and non-endemic regions of the Beijing genotype: a case control study. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:344. [PMID: 28506215 PMCID: PMC5433171 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2442-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strains of the Beijing genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are reportedly associated with the virulence of tuberculosis (TB) infection, unfavorable outcomes of anti-TB treatment, and the global TB pandemic. Rv0679c, a hypothetical membrane protein related to host cell invasion, has a Beijing genotype-specific mutation at residue 142 (Asn142Lys). Antigenicity differences between Rv0679c-Asn142 (N-type) and Rv0679c-Lys142 (K-type) have been previously observed in mice antigen-antibody responses. However, the immune response to Rv0679c in humans remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the anti-Rv0679c immune response in TB patients from the endemic and non-endemic regions of the Beijing MTB genotype. Methods We analyzed the Rv0679c-specific antibody responses in 84 subjects from the endemic region of the Beijing genotype MTB in China, including 45 pulmonary TB patients (C-PTB) and 39 healthy controls (C-HC), and 81 subjects from the Philippines (the endemic region of the non-Beijing genotype), including 51 pulmonary TB patients (P-PTB) and 30 healthy controls (P-HC). Anti-tuberculous-glycolipid (TBGL) antigen was used as the control antibody. Results TBGL IgG titers were higher in both C-PTB and P-PTB than those in their corresponding HC (C-PTB median 4.2, P-PTB median 11.2; C-PTB vs. P-PTB, p > 0.05), suggesting immune response comparability in PTB from two different countries. C-PTB showed a higher response compared to C-HC for anti-K-type IgG (53.3%) than anti-N-type IgG (6.67%); this response was not observed in P-PTB (both N-type and K-type 9.80%). Conclusion Dimorphic antigen Rv0679c was found to be associated with distinct immune response patterns, indicating the role of Beijing/non-Beijing genotype of MTB in stimulating specific responses in TB patients from the endemic region of Beijing MTB. Meanwhile, reactions to Rv0679c in patients and HC from non-endemic regions of the Beijing MTB may be caused by the response to the common epitope of Rv0679c N/K-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingge Zhao
- Laboratory of Disaster Medicine, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuba
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan Univeristy, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Susan Leano
- STD AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory, San Lazaro Hospital, Quiricada Street, 1003, Manila, Philippines
| | - Chie Nakajima
- Division of Global Epidemiology, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan.,The Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Haorile Chagan-Yasutan
- Laboratory of Disaster Medicine, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Elizabeth Freda Telan
- STD AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory, San Lazaro Hospital, Quiricada Street, 1003, Manila, Philippines
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Division of Global Epidemiology, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan.,The Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Toshio Hattori
- Graduate School of Health Science Studies, Kibi International University, 8 Igamachi, Takahashi, 716-8508, Japan.
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Difference in Antibody Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens in Japanese Tuberculosis Patients Infected with the Beijing/Non-Beijing Genotype. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:4797856. [PMID: 28182078 PMCID: PMC5274661 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4797856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Beijing genotype Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), notorious for its virulence and predisposition to relapse, could be identified by spoligotyping based on genetic heterogeneity. The plasma samples from 20 cases of Beijing and 16 cases of non-Beijing MTB infected individuals and 24 healthy controls (HCs) were collected, and antibodies against 11 antigens (Rv0679c142Asn, Rv0679c142Lys, Ag85B, Ag85A, ARC, TDM-M, TDM-K, HBHA, MDP-1, LAM, and TBGL) were measured by ELISA. Compared to the HCs, the MTB infected subjects showed higher titers of anti-Ag85B IgG (positivity 58.2%) and anti-ACR IgG (positivity 48.2%). Of note, anti-ACR IgG showed higher titer in Beijing MTB infected tuberculosis (TB) patients than in HC (Kruskal–Wallis test, p < 0.05), while the levels of anti-Ag85B, anti-TBGL, anti-TDM-K, and anti-TDM-M IgG were higher in non-Beijing TB patients than in HC. Moreover, anti-Ag85B IgG showed higher response in non-Beijing TB patients than in Beijing TB patients (p < 0.05; sensitivity, 76.9% versus 44.4%). The sensitivity and specificity analysis showed that 78.8% Beijing infected individuals were negative in anti-TBGL-IgG or/and anti-Ag85B-IgG, while 75.0% of those were positive in anti-TBGL-IgA or/and anti-ACR-IgG tests. These results indicate the possibility of developing antibody-based test to identify Beijing MTB.
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Evaluation of Anti-TBGL Antibody in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Patients in China. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:834749. [PMID: 26339661 PMCID: PMC4539117 DOI: 10.1155/2015/834749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculous glycolipid (TBGL) is a component of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall, and anti-TBGL antibodies are used for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis. Anti-TBGL IgG and IgA levels were measured in 45 pulmonary TB patients (PTB), 26 extra-pulmonary TB patients (ETB), 16 AIDS-TB patients, and 58 healthy controls (HC) including 39 health care workers (HW) and 19 newly enrolled students (ST). Anti-TBGL IgG measurements yielded 68.9% and 46.2% sensitivity in PTB and ETB, respectively, and 81.0% specificity. However, anti-TBGL IgA measurements were significantly less sensitive in detecting ETB than PTB (15.4% versus 46.7% sensitivity) but showed up to 89.7% specificity. Samples from AIDS-TB patients exhibited low reaction of anti-TBGL IgG and IgA with 6.3% and 12.5% sensitivity, respectively. Unlike anti-lipoarabinomannan (LAM) IgG that was found to elevate in sputum smearpositive subjects, anti-TBGL IgG and IgA elevated in those with cavitation and bronchiectasis, respectively. Anti-TBGL IgG in cavitary TB yielded 78.2% sensitivity compared to 57.1% in those otherwise. Meanwhile, higher anti-TBGL IgA titers were observed in HW than in ST, and increasing anti-TBGL IgG titers were observed in HW on follow-up. Therefore, higher anti-TBGL antibody titers are present in patients presenting cavities and bronchiectasis and subjects under TB exposure risk.
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Senoputra MA, Shiratori B, Hasibuan FM, Koesoemadinata RC, Apriani L, Ashino Y, Ono K, Oda T, Matsumoto M, Suzuki Y, Alisjahbana B, Hattori T. Diagnostic value of antibody responses to multiple antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in active and latent tuberculosis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 83:278-85. [PMID: 26307672 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the antibody responses to 10 prospective Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigens and evaluated their ability to discriminate between latent (LTBI) and active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Our results indicate that plasma levels of anti-α-crystallin (ACR), antilipoarabinomannan, anti-trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate, and anti-tubercular-glycolipid antigen antibodies were higher in patients with active TB, compared to those in the LTBI and control subjects. No differences in the antibodies were observed between the control and LTBI subjects. Antibodies against the glycolipid antigens could not distinguish between Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)-negative TB patients and MAC-infected LTBI individuals. The most useful serological marker was antibodies to ACR, with MAC-negative TB patients having higher titers than those observed in MAC-positive LTBI and control subjects. Our data indicate that antibody to ACR is a promising target for the serological diagnosis of patients with active TB patients. When dealing with antiglycolipid antibodies, MAC coinfection should always be considered in serological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Andrian Senoputra
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 21 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Miyagi, Japan; Public Health Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Eicjkman 38, Bandung, 40161, West Java, Indonesia.
| | - Beata Shiratori
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 21 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Miyagi, Japan; Division of Disaster-related Infectious Diseases, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Miyagi, Japan; Japan International Corporation of Welfare Services, 2-3-20 Toranomon YHK Bldg. 4F, Toranomon, Minato-ku, 105-0001 Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Fakhrial Mirwan Hasibuan
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 21 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Miyagi, Japan; Public Health Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Eicjkman 38, Bandung, 40161, West Java, Indonesia.
| | | | - Lika Apriani
- TB-HIV Research Center, Medical faculty, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Eicjkman 38, Bandung, 40161, West Java, Indonesia.
| | - Yugo Ashino
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 21 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Miyagi, Japan; Division of Disaster-related Infectious Diseases, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Kenji Ono
- Microbiological Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 463-10 Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, 771-0192 Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Oda
- Microbiological Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 463-10 Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, 771-0192 Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Makoto Matsumoto
- Microbiological Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 463-10 Kagasuno, Kawauchi-cho, 771-0192 Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, North 20, West 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020 Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Bachti Alisjahbana
- TB-HIV Research Center, Medical faculty, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Eicjkman 38, Bandung, 40161, West Java, Indonesia.
| | - Toshio Hattori
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 21 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Miyagi, Japan; Division of Disaster-related Infectious Diseases, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Miyagi, Japan.
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Feng X, Yang X, Xiu B, Qie S, Dai Z, Chen K, Zhao P, Zhang L, Nicholson RA, Wang G, Song X, Zhang H. IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies against the novel polyprotein in active tuberculosis. BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMID: 24939009 PMCID: PMC4071025 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-336,] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was aimed to evaluate whether IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies levels detected against a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyprotein 38 F-64 F (with 38 F being the abbreviation for 38kD-ESAT6-CFP10 and 64 F for Mtb8.4-MPT64-TB16.3-Mtb8) are suitable for diagnosing active tuberculosis, and for monitoring the efficacy of chemotherapy on TB patients. METHODS In this study, a total of 371 active TB patients without treatment were selected and categorized into S+/C+group (n=143), S-/C+group (n=106) or S-/C- group (n=122). A series of serum samples were collected from 82 active TB patients who had undergone anti-TB chemotherapy for 0-6 months at one month interval. Humoral responses (IgG, IgM and IgA) were determined for the novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyprotein using indirect ELISA methods in all of serum samples. RESULTS For S+/C+, S-/C+and S-/C- active tuberculosis patients before anti-TB chemotherapy, the sensitivities of tests based on IgG were 65.7%, 46.2% and 52.5% respectively; the sensitivities based on IgM were 21.7%, 24.5% and 18.9%; and the sensitivities based on IgA were 25.2%, 17.9% and 23.8%. By combination of three isotypes, for all active tuberculosis patients, the test sensitivity increased to 70.4% with the specificity being 91.5%. After anti-TB chemotherapy, there were no significant differences between groups with different courses of anti-TB chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyprotein 38 F-64 F represents potential antigen suitable for measuring IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies. However, the serodiagnostic test based on the 38 F-64 F polyprotein appears unsuitable for monitoring the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Feng
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiqin Yang
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bingshui Xiu
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shuang Qie
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhenhua Dai
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Chaoyang District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Russell A Nicholson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Guohua Wang
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiaoguo Song
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Heqiu Zhang
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
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Feng X, Yang X, Xiu B, Qie S, Dai Z, Chen K, Zhao P, Zhang L, Nicholson RA, Wang G, Song X, Zhang H. IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies against the novel polyprotein in active tuberculosis. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:336. [PMID: 24939009 PMCID: PMC4071025 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was aimed to evaluate whether IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies levels detected against a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyprotein 38 F-64 F (with 38 F being the abbreviation for 38kD-ESAT6-CFP10 and 64 F for Mtb8.4-MPT64-TB16.3-Mtb8) are suitable for diagnosing active tuberculosis, and for monitoring the efficacy of chemotherapy on TB patients. METHODS In this study, a total of 371 active TB patients without treatment were selected and categorized into S+/C+group (n=143), S-/C+group (n=106) or S-/C- group (n=122). A series of serum samples were collected from 82 active TB patients who had undergone anti-TB chemotherapy for 0-6 months at one month interval. Humoral responses (IgG, IgM and IgA) were determined for the novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyprotein using indirect ELISA methods in all of serum samples. RESULTS For S+/C+, S-/C+and S-/C- active tuberculosis patients before anti-TB chemotherapy, the sensitivities of tests based on IgG were 65.7%, 46.2% and 52.5% respectively; the sensitivities based on IgM were 21.7%, 24.5% and 18.9%; and the sensitivities based on IgA were 25.2%, 17.9% and 23.8%. By combination of three isotypes, for all active tuberculosis patients, the test sensitivity increased to 70.4% with the specificity being 91.5%. After anti-TB chemotherapy, there were no significant differences between groups with different courses of anti-TB chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis polyprotein 38 F-64 F represents potential antigen suitable for measuring IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies. However, the serodiagnostic test based on the 38 F-64 F polyprotein appears unsuitable for monitoring the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Heqiu Zhang
- Department of Bio-diagnosis, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
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10
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Saitoh H, Ashino Y, Chagan-Yasutan H, Niki T, Hirashima M, Hattori T. Rapid decrease of plasma galectin-9 levels in patients with acute HIV infection after therapy. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2013; 228:157-61. [PMID: 23038209 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.228.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute HIV-1 infection is often diagnosed as infectious mononucleosis and the symptoms resolve spontaneously after varying periods of time. After the infection of HIV-1 through the mucosa, the characteristic clinical symptoms and laboratory markers of acute HIV-1 infection appear in each patient through a complicated virus-host interaction. To understand the host responses, we measured two unique proinflammatory cytokines, galectin-9 (Gal-9) and osteopontin (OPN). A β-galactoside-binding mammalian lectin, Gal-9, reduces pro-inflammatory type-1 helper T (Th1) cells and Th17 cells and increases anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells. The plasma level of Gal-9 is known to be associated with HIV-1 viral load in chronic HIV-1 infection. On the contrary, osteopontin induces Th1/Th17 cells and promotes tissue inflammation. OPN is synthesized by variety of cells in the body, and dendritic cells are known to synthesize OPN in HIV-1 infected individuals. It was hypothesized that Gal-9 and/or OPN could be not only immune-modulators but also novel biomarkers of acute HIV-1 infection. We experienced 3 patients with acute HIV-1 and measured the levels of Gal-9 and OPN periodically before and after antiretroviral treatment. The results showed that the plasma levels of Gal-9 were extremely elevated [more than 2,300 pg/ml (normal range < 46 pg/ml)] in all three acute HIV-1 infected individuals and decreased rapidly after treatment. The changes in the OPN levels were less marked. In conclusion, the plasma levels of Gal-9 may be predictive of a severe inflammation status during the acute phase of HIV-1 infection and could be a potential biomarker during acute infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Saitoh
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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11
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Siddiqi UR, Chagan-Yasutan H, Nakajima C, Saitoh H, Ashino Y, Usami O, Shiratori B, Usuzawa M, Suzuki Y, Hattori T. Distinct clinical features in nontuberculous mycobacterial disease with or without latent tuberculosis infection. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2012; 226:313-9. [PMID: 22522388 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.226.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) diseases are in the face of a progressive increase even in immune-competent subjects, and the clinical features of NTM diseases are heterogenous. The decision to institute treatment of the patients should be made after a period of follow up, because therapy is often prolonged, and frequently ineffective. The reasons why some patients develop severe NTM diseases are not clear. Here we observed the involvement of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in clinical and laboratory features of NTM diseases. We evaluated various tuberculosis-related inflammatory markers including osteopontin (OPN), pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in NTM infected patients with or without LTBI. Eight NTM and 5 tuberculosis (TB) patients, and 5 healthy subjects were enrolled. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis confirmed the absence of tuberculosis specific gene (RD1 region), among clinical isolates from NTM patients. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA) using Early Secreted Antigenic Target-6 (ESAT-6) and CFP-10, the RD1-encoded protein, was employed for determining LTBI. IGRA was positive in 4/8 NTM (NTM with LTBI, 50%) and 5/5 TB patients. Only 2 of 4 NTM with LTBI were under chemotherapy among all NTM patients, and others were followed up. The plasma levels of OPN, PTX3 and sIL-2R were significantly higher in NTM patients with LTBI than in those without LTBI (P < 0.05). The two patients under therapy showed the highest OPN levels that persisted after treatment. The increased inflammatory levels in NTM patients with LTBI indicate enhanced inflammatory reaction. Extensive therapy may be necessary in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Ruman Siddiqi
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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