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Rezania MA, Eghtedari A, Taha MF, Ardekani AM, Javeri A. A novel role for aspirin in enhancing the reprogramming function of miR-302/367 cluster and breast tumor suppression. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1077-1090. [PMID: 35535453 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have provided evidence for tumor suppressive function of the embryonic stem cell-specific miR-302/367 cluster through induction of a reprogramming process. Aspirin has been found to induce reprogramming factors of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in breast cancer cells. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether overexpression of miR-302/367 cluster and aspirin treatment cooperate in the induction of reprogramming and tumor suppression in breast cancer cells. MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cell lines were transfected with a miR-302/367 expressing vector and treated with aspirin. The cells were evaluated for indices of apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion. In both cell lines, treatment of miR-302/367-transfected cells with aspirin upregulated expression of some main pluripotency factors such as OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and KLF4, and downregulated expression of some invasion and angiogenesis markers at gene and protein levels. Aspirin increased the apoptotic rate in both cell lines transfected with miR-302/367. Both miR-302/367 and aspirin upregulated the expression of FOXD3 protein which is a known inducer of OCT4 and NANOG. Our results demonstrate that aspirin can enhance miR-302/367-induced reprogramming of breast cancer cells possibly through upregulation of FOXD3 expression. This can further augment the reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inhibits migration, invasion, and angiogenic signaling in breast cancer cells reprogrammed by miR-302/367. Therefore, aspirin may serve as a useful adjuvant for reprogramming of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Rezania
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Eghtedari
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh F Taha
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arash Javeri
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Tool for Modeling Hematologic Disorders and as a Potential Source for Cell-Based Therapies. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113250. [PMID: 34831472 PMCID: PMC8623953 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The breakthrough in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has revolutionized the field of biomedical and pharmaceutical research and opened up vast opportunities for drug discovery and regenerative medicine, especially when combined with gene-editing technology. Numerous healthy and patient-derived hiPSCs for human disease modeling have been established, enabling mechanistic studies of pathogenesis, platforms for preclinical drug screening, and the development of novel therapeutic targets/approaches. Additionally, hiPSCs hold great promise for cell-based therapy, serving as an attractive cell source for generating stem/progenitor cells or functional differentiated cells for degenerative diseases, due to their unlimited proliferative capacity, pluripotency, and ethical acceptability. In this review, we provide an overview of hiPSCs and their utility in the study of hematologic disorders through hematopoietic differentiation. We highlight recent hereditary and acquired genetic hematologic disease modeling with patient-specific iPSCs, and discuss their applications as instrumental drug screening tools. The clinical applications of hiPSCs in cell-based therapy, including the next-generation cancer immunotherapy, are provided. Lastly, we discuss the current challenges that need to be addressed to fulfill the validity of hiPSC-based disease modeling and future perspectives of hiPSCs in the field of hematology.
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Hoseinbeyki M, Taha MF, Javeri A. miR-16 enhances miR-302/367-induced reprogramming and tumor suppression in breast cancer cells. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1075-1086. [PMID: 32057163 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of either miR-302 or miR-302/367 cluster induces reprogramming of cancer cells and exerts tumor-suppressive effects by induction of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, apoptosis and a less proliferative capacity. Several reports have described miR-16 as a tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA). Here, we studied the impact of exogenous induction of miR-16 in MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells following overexpression of miR-302/367 cluster and investigated whether transfection of these cells by a mature miR-16 mimic could affect the reprogramming state of the cells and their tumorigenicity. miR-16 enhanced the expression levels of OCT4A, SOX2, and NANOG, generally known as transcription or pluripotency factors, and suppressed proliferation and invasiveness of these cells. Meanwhile, inhibition of miR-16 counteracted both the reprogramming effect and the antitumor function of miR-302/367 in the breast cancer cells. Current results indicate that miR-16 can work as an adjuvant to improve both cancer cell reprogramming and tumor-suppressive function of miR-302/367 cluster in MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells, while its inhibition counteracts all of these effects. Combined application of miRNAs that share some common targets in cancer cell signaling pathways may provide new approaches for repression of multiple hallmarks of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Hoseinbeyki
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh F Taha
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Javeri
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Ahmadalizadeh Khanehsar M, Hoseinbeyki M, Fakhr Taha M, Javeri A. Repression of TGF-β Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells by miR-302/367 Cluster. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:444-450. [PMID: 31376326 PMCID: PMC6722449 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective Epigenetic alterations of the malignantly transformed cells have increasingly been regarded as an important
event in the carcinogenic development. Induction of some miRNAs such as miR-302/367 cluster has been shown
to induce reprogramming of breast cancer cells and exert a tumor suppressive role by induction of mesenchymal to
epithelial transition, apoptosis and a lower proliferation rate. Here, we aimed to investigate the impact of miR-302/367
overexpression on transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling and how this may contribute to tumor suppressive
effects of miR-302/367 cluster.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells were cultured and
transfected with miR-302/367 expressing lentivector. The impact of miR-302/367 overexpression on several mediators
of TGF-β signaling and cell cycle was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and flow
cytometry.
Results Ectopic expression of miR-302/367 cluster downregulated expression of some downstream elements of
TGF-β pathway in MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell lines. Overexpression of miR-302/367 cluster inhibited
proliferation of the breast cancer cells by suppressing the S-phase of cell cycle which was in accordance with inhibition
of TGF-β pathway.
Conclusion TGF-β signaling is one of the key pathways in tumor progression and a general suppression of TGF-β
mediators by the pleiotropically acting miR-302/367 cluster may be one of the important reasons for its anti-tumor
effects in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Ahmadalizadeh Khanehsar
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Moslem Hoseinbeyki
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Fakhr Taha
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Javeri
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
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Chen EYY, Chen JS, Ying SY. The microRNA and the perspectives of miR-302. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01167. [PMID: 30723835 PMCID: PMC6351428 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are naturally occurring, small, non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of a large number of genes involved in various biological processes, either through mRNA degradation or through translation inhibition. MiRNAs play important roles in many aspects of physiology and pathology throughout the body, particularly in cancer, which have made miRNAs attractive tools and targets for translational research. The types of non-coding RNAs, biogenesis of miRNAs, circulating miRNAs, and direct delivery of miRNA were briefly reviewed. As a case of point, the role and perspective of miR-302, a family of ES-specific miRNA, on cancer, iPSCs, heart disease were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Yen Yu Chen
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, BMT-403, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- WJWU & LYNN Institute for Stem Cell Research, Santa Fe Springs, CA 90670, USA
| | - Jack S. Chen
- WJWU & LYNN Institute for Stem Cell Research, Santa Fe Springs, CA 90670, USA
| | - Shao-Yao Ying
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, BMT-403, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Hiew MSY, Cheng HP, Huang CJ, Chong KY, Cheong SK, Choo KB, Kamarul T. Incomplete cellular reprogramming of colorectal cancer cells elicits an epithelial/mesenchymal hybrid phenotype. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:57. [PMID: 30025541 PMCID: PMC6052640 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0461-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Induced pluripotency in cancer cells by ectopic expression of pluripotency-regulating factors may be used for disease modeling of cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are negative regulators of gene expression that play important role in reprogramming somatic cells. However, studies on the miRNA expression profile and the expression patterns of the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET)/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes in induced pluripotent cancer (iPC) cells are lacking. Methods iPC clones were generated from two colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines by retroviral transduction of the Yamanaka factors. The iPC clones obtained were characterized by morphology, expression of pluripotency markers and the ability to undergo in vitro tri-lineage differentiation. Genome-wide miRNA profiles of the iPC cells were obtained by microarray analysis and bioinformatics interrogation. Gene expression was done by real-time RT-PCR and immuno-staining; MET/EMT protein levels were determined by western blot analysis. Results The CRC-iPC cells showed embryonic stem cell-like features and tri-lineage differentiation abilities. The spontaneously-differentiated post-iPC cells obtained were highly similar to the parental CRC cells. However, down-regulated pluripotency gene expression and failure to form teratoma indicated that the CRC-iPC cells had only attained partial pluripotency. The CRC-iPC cells shared similarities in the genome-wide miRNA expression profiles of both cancer and pluripotent embryonic stem cells. One hundred and two differentially-expressed miRNAs were identified in the CRC-iPC cells, which were predicted by bioinformatics analysis be closely involved in regulating cellular pluripotency and the expression of the MET/EMT genes, possibly via the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases-protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways. Irregular and inconsistent expression patterns of the EMT vimentin and Snai1 and MET E-cadherin and occludin proteins were observed in the four CRC-iPC clones analyzed, which suggested an epithelial/mesenchymal hybrid phenotype in the partially reprogrammed CRC cells. MET/EMT gene expression was also generally reversed on re-differentiation, also suggesting epigenetic regulation. Conclusions Our data support the elite model for cancer cell-reprogramming in which only a selected subset of cancer may be fully reprogrammed; partial cancer cell reprogramming may also elicit an epithelial-mesenchymal mixed phenotype, and highlight opportunities and challenges in cancer cell-reprogramming. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12929-018-0461-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Sook Yuin Hiew
- Centre for Stem Cell Research & Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long campus, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Postgraduate Program, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sg. Long, Selangor, Malaysia.,Present address: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Han Ping Cheng
- Centre for Stem Cell Research & Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long campus, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Postgraduate Program, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sg. Long, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chiu-Jung Huang
- Department of Animal Science & Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kowit Yu Chong
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science & Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Soon Keng Cheong
- Centre for Stem Cell Research & Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long campus, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Dean's Office, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sg. Long, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kong Bung Choo
- Centre for Stem Cell Research & Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long campus, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia. .,Postgraduate Program, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sg. Long, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning & Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), widely distributed, small regulatory RNA genes, target both messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation and suppression of protein translation based on sequence complementarity between the miRNA and its targeted mRNA. Different names have been used to describe various types of miRNA. During evolution, RNA retroviruses or transgenes invaded the eukaryotic genome and were inserted itself in the noncoding regions of DNA, conceivably acting as transposon-like jumping genes, providing defense from viral invasion and fine-tuning of gene expression as a secondary level of gene modulation in eukaryotes. When a transposon is inserted in the intron, it becomes an intronic miRNA, taking advantage of the protein synthesis machinery, i.e., mRNA transcription and splicing, as a means for processing and maturation. MiRNAs have been found to play an important, but not life-threatening, role in embryonic development. They might play a pivotal role in diverse biological systems in various organisms, facilitating a quick response and accurate plotting of body physiology and structures. Based on these unique properties, manufactured intronic miRNAs have been developed for in vitro evaluation of gene function, in vivo gene therapy, and generation of transgenic animal models. The biogenesis of miRNAs, circulating miRNAs, miRNAs and cancer, iPSCs, and heart disease are presented in this chapter, highlighting some recent studies on these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yao Ying
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Donald C Chang
- WJWU & LYNN Institute for Stem Cell Research, Santa Fe Springs, CA, USA
| | - Shi-Lung Lin
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, WJWU & LYNN Institute for Stem Cell Research, Santa Fe Springs, CA, USA
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MicroRNA-Directed Neuronal Reprogramming as a Therapeutic Strategy for Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4428-4436. [PMID: 28664454 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The loss of neurons due to injury and disease results in a wide spectrum of highly disabling neurological and neurodegenerative conditions, given the apparent limited capacity of endogenous repair of the adult central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, it is important to develop technologies that can promote de novo neural stem cell and neuron generation. Current insights in CNS development and cellular reprogramming have provided the knowledge to finely modulate lineage-restricted transcription factors and microRNAs (miRNA) to elicit correct neurogenesis. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the direct reprogramming of somatic non-neuronal cells into neural stem cells or subtype specific neurons in vitro and in vivo focusing on miRNA driven reprogramming. miRNA can allow rapid and efficient direct phenotype conversion by modulating gene networks active during development, which promote global shifts in the epigenetic landscape pivoting cell fate decisions. Furthermore, we critically present state-of-the-art and recent advances on miRNA therapeutics that can be applied to the diseased CNS. Together, the advances in our understanding of miRNA role in CNS development and disease, recent progress in miRNA-based therapeutic strategies, and innovative drug delivery methods create novel perspectives for meaningful therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.
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