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Bukhbinder AS, Hinojosa M, Harris K, Li X, Farrell CM, Shyer M, Goodwin N, Anjum S, Hasan O, Cooper S, Sciba L, Vargas A, Hunter DH, Ortiz GJ, Chung K, Cui L, Zhang GQ, Fisher-Hoch SP, McCormick JB, Schulz PE. Population-Based Mini-Mental State Examination Norms in Adults of Mexican Heritage in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 92:1323-1339. [PMID: 36872776 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurately identifying cognitive changes in Mexican American (MA) adults using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) requires knowledge of population-based norms for the MMSE, a scale which has widespread use in research settings. OBJECTIVE To describe the distribution of MMSE scores in a large cohort of MA adults, assess the impact of MMSE requirements on their clinical trial eligibility, and explore which factors are most strongly associated with their MMSE scores. METHODS Visits between 2004-2021 in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort were analyzed. Eligible participants were ≥18 years old and of Mexican descent. MMSE distributions before and after stratification by age and years of education (YOE) were assessed, as was the proportion of trial-aged (50-85- year-old) participants with MMSE <24, a minimum MMSE cutoff most frequently used in Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials. As a secondary analysis, random forest models were constructed to estimate the relative association of the MMSE with potentially relevant variables. RESULTS The mean age of the sample set (n = 3,404) was 44.4 (SD, 16.0) years old and 64.5% female. Median MMSE was 28 (IQR, 28-29). The percentage of trial-aged participants (n = 1,267) with MMSE <24 was 18.6%; 54.3% among the subset with 0-4 YOE (n = 230). The five variables most associated with the MMSE in the study sample were education, age, exercise, C-reactive protein, and anxiety. CONCLUSION The minimum MMSE cutoffs in most phase III prodromal-to-mild AD trials would exclude a significant proportion of trial-aged participants in this MA cohort, including over half of those with 0-4 YOE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avram S Bukhbinder
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Division of Pediatric Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Miriam Hinojosa
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristofer Harris
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaojin Li
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Farrell
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Madison Shyer
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nathan Goodwin
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sahar Anjum
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Omar Hasan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan Cooper
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lois Sciba
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amanda Vargas
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David H Hunter
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guadalupe J Ortiz
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karen Chung
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Licong Cui
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan P Fisher-Hoch
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Joseph B McCormick
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Paul E Schulz
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Wells AJ, Varanoske AN, Coker NA, Kozlowski GJ, Frosti CL, Boffey D, Harat I, Jahani S, Gepner Y, Hoffman JR. Effect of β-Alanine Supplementation on Monocyte Recruitment and Cognition During a 24-Hour Simulated Military Operation. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:3042-3054. [PMID: 33105353 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Wells, AJ, Varanoske, AN, Coker, NA, Kozlowski, GJ, Frosti, CL, Boffey, D, Harat, I, Jahani, S, Gepner, Y, and Hoffman, JR. Effect of β-alanine supplementation on monocyte recruitment and cognition during a 24-hour simulated military operation. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3042-3054, 2020-Sustained military operations (SUSOPs) result in psychological stress and cognitive dysfunction, which may be related to the recruitment of classical monocytes into the brain. This study examined the effect of beta-alanine (BA) on cognition and monocyte recruitment during a simulated 24-hour SUSOP. Nineteen healthy men ingested 12-g/d BA or placebo for 14 days before an SUSOP. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), C-C chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2), and macrophage-1-antigen (CD11b) expression were assessed through multiplex assay and flow cytometry. Psychological stress and cognition were assessed through Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM). A composite measure of cognition (COGcomp) was generated from throughput scores extracted from 7 ANAM cognitive tests. Assessments occurred at baseline (0H), 12 hours (12H), 18 hours (18H), and 24 hours (24H). Significance was accepted at p ≤ 0.05. No significant effect of BA was noted for any variable (p's > 0.05). The frequency and severity of symptoms of psychological stress increased significantly at 18 and 24H compared with 0 and 12H (p's < 0.05). COGcomp decreased significantly at 18 and 24H compared with 0 and 12H (p's ≤ 0.001). MCP-1 peaked at 18H was significantly lower at 24H compared with 18H but remained elevated at 24H compared with 0H (p's < 0.001). CCR2 expression was significantly lower at 12 (p = 0.031), 18, and 24H (p's < 0.001). CD11b expression was significantly higher at 12H (p = 0.039) and 24H (p's = 0.003). MCP-1 was negatively associated with COGcomp (β = -0.395, p = 0.002, r2 = 0.174). Neither CCR2 or CD11b was related to COGcomp (p's > 0.05). Cognitive dysfunction during SUSOPs is related to serum concentrations of MCP-1 but is not influenced by BA supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Wells
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Alyssa N Varanoske
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Nicholas A Coker
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Gregory J Kozlowski
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Cheyanne L Frosti
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - David Boffey
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Idan Harat
- Institute of Exercise Physiology & Rehabilitation Science, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Shiva Jahani
- Accreditation, Assessment and Analytics, College of Community Innovation and Education, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | - Yftach Gepner
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; and
| | - Jay R Hoffman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Xu K, Ma L, Li Y, Wang F, Zheng GY, Sun Z, Jiang F, Chen Y, Liu H, Dang A, Chen X, Chun J, Tian XL. Genetic and Functional Evidence Supports LPAR1 as a Susceptibility Gene for Hypertension. Hypertension 2015; 66:641-6. [PMID: 26123684 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Essential hypertension is a complex disease affected by genetic and environmental factors and serves as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Serum lysophosphatidic acid correlates with an elevated blood pressure in rats, and lysophosphatidic acid interacts with 6 subtypes of receptors. In this study, we assessed the genetic association of lysophosphatidic acid receptors with essential hypertension by genotyping 28 single-nucleotide polymorphisms from genes encoding for lysophosphatidic acid receptors, LPAR1, LPAR2, LPAR3, LPAR4, LPAR5, and LPAR6 and their flanking sequences, in 3 Han Chinese cohorts consisting of 2630 patients and 3171 controls in total. We identified a single-nucleotide polymorphism, rs531003 in the 3'-flanking genomic region of LPAR1, associated with hypertension (the Bonferroni corrected P=1.09×10(-5), odds ratio [95% confidence interval]=1.23 [1.13-1.33]). The risk allele C of rs531003 is associated with the increased expression of LPAR1 and the susceptibility of hypertension, particularly in those with a shortage of sleep (P=4.73×10(-5), odds ratio [95% confidence interval]=1.75 [1.34-2.28]). We further demonstrated that blood pressure elevation caused by sleep deprivation and phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction was both diminished in LPAR1-deficient mice. Together, we show that LPAR1 is a novel susceptibility gene for human essential hypertension and that stress, such as shortage of sleep, increases the susceptibility of patients with risk allele to essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Lu Ma
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Yang Li
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Fang Wang
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Gu-Yan Zheng
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Zhijun Sun
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Feng Jiang
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Yundai Chen
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Huirong Liu
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Aimin Dang
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Xi Chen
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Jerold Chun
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Xiao-Li Tian
- From the Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, PR China (K.X., Y.L., G.Y.Z., X.L.T.); Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.M., H.L.) and Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (F.J.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases (F.W., X.C.) and Department of Cardiology (A.D.), Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, PR China; Cardiovascular Department, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, PR China (Z.S., Y.C.); and Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Department, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.).
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