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Zhu J, Li X, Huang M, Zhu H, Tan Y, He X, Sun Z, Cheng H, Li F, Jiang P, Lou H, Ke G, Cao X, Zhu L, Xie P, Yan J, Zhang F. Application of Recombinant Human Superoxide Dismutase in Radical Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Cancer to Prevent and Treat Radiation-induced Acute Rectal Injury: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label, Prospective Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024:S0360-3016(24)00611-4. [PMID: 38705489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of recombinant human superoxide dismutase (rhSOD) enemas in radiation-induced acute rectal injury (RARI) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS In this phase 3, randomized, open-label trial (NCT04819685) conducted across 14 medical centers in China from June 2021 to August 2023, all patients received concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). The experimental group was treated with a rhSOD enema during chemoradiation therapy, and the control group had no enema. The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.0) was used to evaluate radiation therapy-induced side effects. Endoscopic appearance was assessed using the Vienna Rectoscopy Score. The primary endpoint in the acute phase was the occurrence rate and duration of grade ≥1 (≥G1) diarrhea during CCRT. Secondary endpoints included the occurrence rate and duration of ≥G2 and ≥G3 diarrhea, ≥G1 and ≥G2 diarrhea lasting at least 3 days, and damage to the rectal mucosa due to radiation therapy measured by endoscopy. RESULTS Two hundred and eighty-three patients were randomly divided into the experimental (n = 141) or control group (n = 142). The mean number of ≥G1 and ≥G2 diarrhea days were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (3.5 and 0.8 days vs 14.8 and 4.5 days, respectively; P < .001). The incidence of ≥G2 diarrhea decreased from 53.6% to 24.1% when rhSOD enemas were used. Use of antidiarrheals was lower in the experimental group (36.2% vs 55.7%, P < .001). Three patients felt intolerable or abdominal pain after rhSOD enema. RARI grades in the experimental group tended to be lower than those in the control group (P = .061). Logistic regression analysis revealed that rhSOD enema was associated with a lower occurrence rate of ≥G1/2 diarrhea for at least 3 days (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that rhSOD enema is safe and significantly reduces the incidence, severity, and duration of RARI, protecting the rectal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Manni Huang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijun Cheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fenghu Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanmei Lou
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guihao Ke
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinping Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Zhu
- Radiotherapy Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Gynecologic Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Junfang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Chaudary N, Hill RP, Milosevic M. Targeting the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway to reduce radiation treatment side effects. Radiother Oncol 2024; 194:110194. [PMID: 38447871 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
High precision, image-guided radiotherapy (RT) has increased the therapeutic ratio, enabling higher tumor and lower normal tissue doses, leading to improved patient outcomes. Nevertheless, some patients remain at risk of developing serious side effects.In many clinical situations, the radiation tolerance of normal tissues close to the target volume limits the dose that can safely be delivered and thus the potential for tumor control and cure. This is particularly so in patients being re-treated for tumor progression or a second primary tumor within a previous irradiated volume, scenarios that are becoming more frequent in clinical practice.Various normal tissue 'radioprotective' drugs with the potential to reduce side effects have been studied previously. Unfortunately, most have failed to impact clinical practice because of lack of therapeutic efficacy, concern about concurrent tumor protection or excessive drug-related toxicity. This review highlights the evidence indicating that targeting the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway can mitigate acute and late RT-induced injury and reduce treatment side effects in a manner that overcomes these previous translational challenges. Pre-clinical studies involving a broad range of normal tissues commonly affected in clinical practice, including skin, lung, the gastrointestinal tract and brain, have shown that CXCL12 signalling is upregulated by RT and attracts CXCR4-expressing inflammatory cells that exacerbate acute tissue injury and late fibrosis. These studies also provide convincing evidence that inhibition of CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling during or after RT can reduce or prevent RT side effects, warranting further evaluation in clinical studies. Greater dialogue with the pharmaceutical industry is needed to prioritize the development and availability of CXCL12/CXCR4 inhibitors for future RT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naz Chaudary
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard P Hill
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Milosevic
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Gunning JA, Gilman KE, Zúñiga TM, Simpson RJ, Limesand KH. Parotid glands have a dysregulated immune response following radiation therapy. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297387. [PMID: 38470874 PMCID: PMC10931461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer treatment often consists of surgical resection of the tumor followed by ionizing radiation (IR), which can damage surrounding tissues and cause adverse side effects. The underlying mechanisms of radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction are not fully understood, and treatment options are scarce and ineffective. The wound healing process is a necessary response to tissue injury, and broadly consists of inflammatory, proliferative, and redifferentiation phases with immune cells playing key roles in all three phases. In this study, select immune cells were phenotyped and quantified, and certain cytokine and chemokine concentrations were measured in mouse parotid glands after IR. Further, we used a model where glandular function is restored to assess the immune phenotype in a regenerative response. These data suggest that irradiated parotid tissue does not progress through a typical inflammatory response observed in wounds that heal. Specifically, total immune cells (CD45+) decrease at days 2 and 5 following IR, macrophages (F4/80+CD11b+) decrease at day 2 and 5 and increase at day 30, while neutrophils (Ly6G+CD11b+) significantly increase at day 30 following IR. Additionally, radiation treatment reduces CD3- cells at all time points, significantly increases CD3+/CD4+CD8+ double positive cells, and significantly reduces CD3+/CD4-CD8- double negative cells at day 30 after IR. Previous data indicate that post-IR treatment with IGF-1 restores salivary gland function at day 30, and IGF-1 injections attenuate the increase in macrophages, neutrophils, and CD4+CD8+ T cells observed at day 30 following IR. Taken together, these data indicate that parotid salivary tissue exhibits a dysregulated immune response following radiation treatment which may contribute to chronic loss of function phenotype in head and neck cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A. Gunning
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Kristy E. Gilman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Tiffany M. Zúñiga
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Simpson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Kirsten H. Limesand
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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Jernfors T, Lavrinienko A, Vareniuk I, Landberg R, Fristedt R, Tkachenko O, Taskinen S, Tukalenko E, Mappes T, Watts PC. Association between gut health and gut microbiota in a polluted environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169804. [PMID: 38184263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Animals host complex bacterial communities in their gastrointestinal tracts, with which they share a mutualistic interaction. The numerous effects these interactions grant to the host include regulation of the immune system, defense against pathogen invasion, digestion of otherwise undigestible foodstuffs, and impacts on host behaviour. Exposure to stressors, such as environmental pollution, parasites, and/or predators, can alter the composition of the gut microbiome, potentially affecting host-microbiome interactions that can be manifest in the host as, for example, metabolic dysfunction or inflammation. However, whether a change in gut microbiota in wild animals associates with a change in host condition is seldom examined. Thus, we quantified whether wild bank voles inhabiting a polluted environment, areas where there are environmental radionuclides, exhibited a change in gut microbiota (using 16S amplicon sequencing) and concomitant change in host health using a combined approach of transcriptomics, histological staining analyses of colon tissue, and quantification of short-chain fatty acids in faeces and blood. Concomitant with a change in gut microbiota in animals inhabiting contaminated areas, we found evidence of poor gut health in the host, such as hypotrophy of goblet cells and likely weakened mucus layer and related changes in Clca1 and Agr2 gene expression, but no visible inflammation in colon tissue. Through this case study we show that inhabiting a polluted environment can have wide reaching effects on the gut health of affected animals, and that gut health and other host health parameters should be examined together with gut microbiota in ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Jernfors
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland.
| | - Anton Lavrinienko
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland; Laboratory of Food Systems Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Igor Vareniuk
- Department of Cytology, Histology and Reproductive Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rikard Fristedt
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olena Tkachenko
- Department of Cytology, Histology and Reproductive Medicine, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01033, Ukraine
| | - Sara Taskinen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Eugene Tukalenko
- Department of Radiobiology and Radioecology, Institute for Nuclear Research of NAS of Ukraine, 020000, Ukraine
| | - Tapio Mappes
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
| | - Phillip C Watts
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland
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Prebble AR, Latka B, Burdekin B, Leary D, Harris M, Regan D, Boss MK. Investigation of Gastrointestinal Toxicities Associated with Concurrent Abdominal Radiation Therapy and the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Sunitinib in a Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1838. [PMID: 38339116 PMCID: PMC10855812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may be combined with radiation therapy (RT) to enhance tumor control; however, increased incidences of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity have been reported with this combination. We hypothesize that toxicity is due to compromised intestinal healing caused by inhibition of vascular repair and proliferation pathways. This study explores underlying tissue toxicity associated with abdominal RT and concurrent sunitinib in a mouse model. Four groups of CD-1 mice were treated with 12 Gy abdominal RT, oral sunitinib, abdominal RT + sunitinib, or sham treatment. Mice received oral sunitinib or the vehicle via gavage for 14 days. On day 7, mice were irradiated with 12 Gy abdominal RT or sham treated. Mice were euthanized on day 14 and intestinal tract was harvested for semiquantitative histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical quantification of proliferation (Ki67) and vascular density (CD31). Non-irradiated groups had stable weights while abdominal irradiation resulted in weight loss, with mice receiving RT + SUN having greater weight loss than mice receiving RT alone. Semiquantitative analysis showed significant increases in inflammation in irradiated groups. The difference in the density of CD31+ cells was significantly increased in RT alone compared to SUN alone. Ki67+ density was not significant. In summary, we identify a lack of angiogenic response in irradiated GI tissues when abdominal RT is combined with a TKI, which may correlate with clinical toxicities seen in canine and human patients receiving combined treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber R. Prebble
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Bailey Latka
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (B.B.)
| | - Braden Burdekin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (B.B.)
| | - Del Leary
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Mac Harris
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (M.H.); (D.R.)
| | - Daniel Regan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (M.H.); (D.R.)
| | - Mary-Keara Boss
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (B.B.)
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Bouges E, Segers C, Leys N, Lebeer S, Zhang J, Mastroleo F. Human Intestinal Organoids and Microphysiological Systems for Modeling Radiotoxicity and Assessing Radioprotective Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5859. [PMID: 38136404 PMCID: PMC10741417 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a commonly employed treatment for colorectal cancer, yet its radiotoxicity-related impact on healthy tissues raises significant health concerns. This highlights the need to use radioprotective agents to mitigate these side effects. This review presents the current landscape of human translational radiobiology, outlining the limitations of existing models and proposing engineering solutions. We delve into radiotherapy principles, encompassing mechanisms of radiation-induced cell death and its influence on normal and cancerous colorectal cells. Furthermore, we explore the engineering aspects of microphysiological systems to represent radiotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity and how to include the gut microbiota to study its role in treatment failure and success. This review ultimately highlights the main challenges and future pathways in translational research for pelvic radiotherapy-induced toxicity. This is achieved by developing a humanized in vitro model that mimics radiotherapy treatment conditions. An in vitro model should provide in-depth analyses of host-gut microbiota interactions and a deeper understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms of radioprotective food supplements. Additionally, it would be of great value if these models could produce high-throughput data using patient-derived samples to address the lack of human representability to complete clinical trials and improve patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloïse Bouges
- RadioPharma Research, Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.B.); (C.S.); (N.L.)
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Charlotte Segers
- RadioPharma Research, Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.B.); (C.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Natalie Leys
- RadioPharma Research, Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.B.); (C.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felice Mastroleo
- RadioPharma Research, Nuclear Medical Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (E.B.); (C.S.); (N.L.)
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Lu H, Yan H, Li X, Xing Y, Ye Y, Jiang S, Ma L, Ping J, Zuo H, Hao Y, Yu C, Li Y, Zhou G, Lu Y. Single-cell map of dynamic cellular microenvironment of radiation-induced intestinal injury. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1248. [PMID: 38071238 PMCID: PMC10710489 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05645-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestine is a highly radiation-sensitive organ that could be injured during the radiotherapy for pelvic, abdominal, and retroperitoneal tumors. However, the dynamic change of the intestinal microenvironment related to radiation-induced intestine injury (RIII) is still unclear. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we pictured a dynamic landscape of the intestinal microenvironment during RIII and regeneration. We showed that the various cell types of intestine exhibited heterogeneous radiosensitivities. We revealed the distinct dynamic patterns of three subtypes of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), and the cellular trajectory analysis suggested a complex interconversion pattern among them. For the immune cells, we found that Ly6c+ monocytes can give rise to both pro-inflammatory macrophages and resident macrophages after RIII. Through cellular communication analysis, we identified a positive feedback loop between the macrophages and endothelial cells, which could amplify the inflammatory response induced by radiation. Besides, we identified different T cell subtypes and revealed their role in immunomodulation during the early stage of RIII through inflammation and defense response relevant signaling pathways. Overall, our study provides a valuable single-cell map of the multicellular dynamics during RIII and regeneration, which may facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of RIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuan Xing
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yumeng Ye
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Siao Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province, 071002, China
| | - Luyu Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jie Ping
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hongyan Zuo
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yanhui Hao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
- Academy of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230032, China.
| | - Gangqiao Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 211166, China.
| | - Yiming Lu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province, 071002, China.
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Venkidesh BS, Shankar SR, Narasimhamurthy RK, Rao SBS, Mumbrekar KD. Radioprotective potential of probiotics against gastrointestinal and neuronal toxicity: a preclinical study. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3165-3173. [PMID: 37071338 PMCID: PMC10514165 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy is a critical component of cancer treatment, along with surgery and chemotherapy. Approximately, 90% of cancer patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy show gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, including bloody diarrhea, and gastritis, most of which are associated with gut dysbiosis. In addition to the direct effect of radiation on the brain, pelvic irradiation can alter the gut microbiome, leading to inflammation and breakdown of the gut-blood barrier. This allows toxins and bacteria to enter the bloodstream and reach the brain. Probiotics have been proven to prevent GI toxicity by producing short-chain fatty acids and exopolysaccharides beneficial for protecting mucosal integrity and oxidative stress reduction in the intestine and also shown to be beneficial in brain health. Microbiota plays a significant role in maintaining gut and brain health, so it is important to study whether bacterial supplementation will help in maintaining the gut and brain structure after radiation exposure. METHODS In the present study, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control, radiation, probiotics, and probiotics + radiation groups. On the 7th day, animals in the radiation and probiotics + radiation groups received a single dose of 4 Gy to whole-body. Posttreatment, mice were sacrificed, and the intestine and brain tissues were excised for histological analysis to assess GI and neuronal damage. RESULTS Radiation-induced damage to the villi height and mucosal thickness was mitigated by the probiotic treatment significantly (p < 0.01). Further, radiation-induced pyknotic cell numbers in the DG, CA2, and CA3 areas were substantially reduced with bacterial supplementation (p < 0.001). Similarly, probiotics reduced neuronal inflammation induced by radiation in the cortex, CA2, and DG region (p < 0.01). Altogether, the probiotics treatment helps mitigate radiation-induced intestinal and neuronal damage. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the probiotic formulation could attenuate the number of pyknotic cells in the hippocampal brain region and decrease neuroinflammation by reducing the number of microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babu Santhi Venkidesh
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Saligrama R Shankar
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Rekha Koravadi Narasimhamurthy
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Satish Bola Sadashiva Rao
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Kamalesh Dattaram Mumbrekar
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
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9
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Mouliou DS. C-Reactive Protein: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, False Test Results and a Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Clinicians. Diseases 2023; 11:132. [PMID: 37873776 PMCID: PMC10594506 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The current literature provides a body of evidence on C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and its potential role in inflammation. However, most pieces of evidence are sparse and controversial. This critical state-of-the-art monography provides all the crucial data on the potential biochemical properties of the protein, along with further evidence on its potential pathobiology, both for its pentameric and monomeric forms, including information for its ligands as well as the possible function of autoantibodies against the protein. Furthermore, the current evidence on its potential utility as a biomarker of various diseases is presented, of all cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatobiliary, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, renal, gynecological, andrological, dental, oral, otorhinolaryngological, ophthalmological, dermatological, musculoskeletal, neurological, mental, splenic, thyroid conditions, as well as infections, autoimmune-supposed conditions and neoplasms, including other possible factors that have been linked with elevated concentrations of that protein. Moreover, data on molecular diagnostics on CRP are discussed, and possible etiologies of false test results are highlighted. Additionally, this review evaluates all current pieces of evidence on CRP and systemic inflammation, and highlights future goals. Finally, a novel diagnostic algorithm to carefully assess the CRP level for a precise diagnosis of a medical condition is illustrated.
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10
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Mondini M, Guipaud O, François A, Mathieu N, Deutsch É, Milliat F. [Interactions between vascular endothelium and immune cells: A key control point of radiation-induced digestive lesions]. Cancer Radiother 2023; 27:643-647. [PMID: 37516639 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2023.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced toxicity of the digestive tract is a major clinical concern as many cancer survivors have received radiotherapy for tumours of the abdominopelvic area. The coordination and orchestration of a tissue's response to stress depend not only on the phenotype of the cells that make up the tissue but also on cell-cell interactions. The digestive system, i.e., the intestine/colon/rectum, is made up of a range of different cell populations: epithelial cells, stromal cells, i.e. endothelial cells and mesenchymal lineages, immune cells and nerve cells. Moreover, each of these populations is heterogeneous and presents very significant plasticity and differentiation states. The pathogenesis of radiation-induced digestive lesions is an integrated process that involves multiple cellular compartments interacting in a complex sequence of events. Understanding all the cellular events and communication networks that contribute to the tissue's response to stress is therefore a major conceptual and methodological scientific challenge. The study of heterogeneous populations of cells in a tissue is now possible thanks to "single cell' RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics techniques, which enable a comprehensive study of the transcriptomic profiles of individual cells in an integrated system. In addition, the mathematical and bioinformatics tools that are now available for the large-scale analysis of data allow the inference of cell-cell communication networks. Such approaches have become possible through advances in bioinformatics algorithms for the analysis and deciphering of interaction networks. Interactions influence the tissue regeneration process through expression of various molecules, including metabolites, integrins, junction proteins, ligands, receptors and proteins secreted into the extracellular space. The vascular network is viewed as a key player in the progression of digestive lesions, which are characterised by infiltration of a range of immune cells. A better characterisation of endothelium/immune cell interactions in suitable preclinical models, as well as in humans, may help to identify some promising therapeutic targets for the prediction, prevention or treatment of digestive toxicity after radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mondini
- Gustave-Roussy, Inserm U1030, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - O Guipaud
- Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Sante/Seramed/LRMed, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - A François
- Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Sante/Seramed/LRMed, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - N Mathieu
- Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Sante/Seramed/LRMed, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - É Deutsch
- Gustave-Roussy, Inserm U1030, université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Service de radiothérapie oncologique, Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - F Milliat
- Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-Sante/Seramed/LRMed, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Dahiya A, Agrawala PK, Dutta A. Mitigative and anti-inflammatory effects of Trichostatin A against radiation-induced gastrointestinal toxicity and gut microbiota alteration in mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1865-1878. [PMID: 37531370 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2242929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury (RIGI) is a serious side effect of abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy, which often limits the treatment of gastrointestinal and gynaecological cancers. RIGI is also observed during accidental radiological or nuclear scenarios with no approved agents available till date to prevent or mitigate RIGI in humans. Trichostatin A (TSA), an epigenetic modulator, has been currently in clinical trials for cancer treatment and is also well known for its antibiotic and antifungal properties. METHODS In this study, partial body (abdominal) irradiation mice model was used to investigate the mitigative effect of TSA against gastrointestinal toxicity caused by gamma radiation. Mice were checked for alterations in mean body weight, diarrheal incidence, disease activity index and survival against 15 Gy radiation. Structural abnormalities in intestine and changes in microbiota composition were studied by histopathology and 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples respectively. Immunoblotting and biochemical assays were performed to check protein nitrosylation, expression of inflammatory mediators, infiltration of inflammatory cells and changes in pro-inflammatory cytokine. RESULTS TSA administration to C57Bl/6 mice improved radiation induced mean body weight loss, maintained better health score, reduced disease activity index and promoted survival. The 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal DNA demonstrated that TSA influenced the fecal microbiota dynamics with significant alterations in the Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio. TSA effectively mitigated intestinal injury, down-regulated NF-κB, Cox-2, iNOS expression, inhibited PGE2 and protein nitrosylation levels in irradiated intestine. The upregulation of NLRP3-inflammasome complex and infiltrations of inflammatory cells in the inflamed intestine were also prevented by TSA. Subsequently, the myeloperoxidase activity in intestine alongwith serum IL-18 levels was found reduced. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that TSA inhibits inflammatory mediators, alleviates gut dysbiosis, and promotes structural restoration of the irradiated intestine. TSA, therefore, can be considered as a potential agent for mitigation of RIGI in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshu Dahiya
- CBRN Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), India
| | - Paban K Agrawala
- CBRN Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), India
| | - Ajaswrata Dutta
- CBRN Division, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), India
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Dushime H, Moreno SG, Linard C, Adrait A, Couté Y, Peltzer J, Messiaen S, Torres C, Bensemmane L, Lewandowski D, Romeo PH, Petit V, Gault N. Fetal Muse-based therapy prevents lethal radio-induced gastrointestinal syndrome by intestinal regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:201. [PMID: 37568164 PMCID: PMC10416451 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells are nontumorigenic endogenous pluripotent-like stem cells that can be easily obtained from various adult or fetal tissues. Regenerative effects of Muse cells have been shown in some disease models. Muse cells specifically home in damaged tissues where they exert pleiotropic effects. Exposition of the small intestine to high doses of irradiation (IR) delivered after radiotherapy or nuclear accident results in a lethal gastrointestinal syndrome (GIS) characterized by acute loss of intestinal stem cells, impaired epithelial regeneration and subsequent loss of the mucosal barrier resulting in sepsis and death. To date, there is no effective medical treatment for GIS. Here, we investigate whether Muse cells can prevent lethal GIS and study how they act on intestinal stem cell microenvironment to promote intestinal regeneration. METHODS Human Muse cells from Wharton's jelly matrix of umbilical cord (WJ-Muse) were sorted by flow cytometry using the SSEA-3 marker, characterized and compared to bone-marrow derived Muse cells (BM-Muse). Under gas anesthesia, GIS mice were treated or not through an intravenous retro-orbital injection of 50,000 WJ-Muse, freshly isolated or cryopreserved, shortly after an 18 Gy-abdominal IR. No immunosuppressant was delivered to the mice. Mice were euthanized either 24 h post-IR to assess early small intestine tissue response, or 7 days post-IR to assess any regenerative response. Mouse survival, histological stainings, apoptosis and cell proliferation were studied and measurement of cytokines, recruitment of immune cells and barrier functional assay were performed. RESULTS Injection of WJ-Muse shortly after abdominal IR highly improved mouse survival as a result of a rapid regeneration of intestinal epithelium with the rescue of the impaired epithelial barrier. In small intestine of Muse-treated mice, an early enhanced secretion of IL-6 and MCP-1 cytokines was observed associated with (1) recruitment of monocytes/M2-like macrophages and (2) proliferation of Paneth cells through activation of the IL-6/Stat3 pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that a single injection of a small quantity of WJ-Muse may be a new and easy therapeutic strategy for treating lethal GIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honorine Dushime
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Laboratoire Réparation et Transcription dans les cellules Souches (LRTS), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ), CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRTS/iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Stéphanie G Moreno
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Laboratoire Réparation et Transcription dans les cellules Souches (LRTS), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ), CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRTS/iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Christine Linard
- Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Annie Adrait
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, FR2048, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, FR2048, CEA, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Juliette Peltzer
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 92141, Clamart, France
- UMR-S-MD 1197, Ministère des Armées et Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Sébastien Messiaen
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Laboratoire Réparation et Transcription dans les cellules Souches (LRTS), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ), CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRTS/iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Claire Torres
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Laboratoire Réparation et Transcription dans les cellules Souches (LRTS), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ), CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRTS/iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Lydia Bensemmane
- Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Daniel Lewandowski
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Laboratoire Réparation et Transcription dans les cellules Souches (LRTS), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ), CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRTS/iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Paul-Henri Romeo
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Laboratoire Réparation et Transcription dans les cellules Souches (LRTS), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ), CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRTS/iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Vanessa Petit
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Laboratoire Réparation et Transcription dans les cellules Souches (LRTS), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ), CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRTS/iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Nathalie Gault
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, Laboratoire Réparation et Transcription dans les cellules Souches (LRTS), Institut de Radiobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (iRCM), Institut de Biologie François Jacob (IBFJ), CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches et Radiations, LRTS/iRCM/IBFJ, CEA, 92260, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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De Ornelas M, Iorio GC, Bossart E, Ricardi U, Seldon C, Dal Pra A, Butkus M. Bone marrow sparing in prostate cancer patients treated with Post-operative pelvic nodal radiotherapy - A proton versus photon comparison. Phys Med 2023; 112:102644. [PMID: 37487297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Extending salvage radiotherapy to treat the pelvic lymph nodes (PLNRT) improves oncologic outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa). However, a larger treatment volume increases the extent of bone marrow (BM) exposure, which is associated with hematologic toxicity (HT). Given the potential long-term impact of BM dose in PCa, clinical studies on BM sparing (BMS) are warranted. Herein, we dosimetrically compared photon and proton plans for BMS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Treatment plans of 20 post-operative PCa patients treated with volumetric-modulated arc photon therapy (VMAT) PLNRT were retrospectively identified. Contours were added for the whole pelvis BM (WPBM) and BM sub-volumes: lumbar-sacral (LSBM), iliac (ILBM), and lower pelvis (LPBM). Three additional plans were created: VMAT_BMS, intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), and IMPT_BMS. Normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCP) for grade >3 hematologic toxicity (HT3+) were calculated for the WPBM volumes. RESULTS Compared to the original VMAT plan, mean doses to all BM sub-volumes were statistically significantly lower for VMAT_BMS, IMPT, and IMPT_BMS resulting in average NTCP percentages of 20.5 ± 5.9, 10.7 ± 4.2, 6.1 ± 2.0, and 2.5 ± 0.6, respectively. IMPT_BMS had significantly lower low dose metrics (V300cGy-V2000cGy) for WPBM and sub-volumes except for LPBM V2000cGy compared to VMAT_BMS and ILBM V20Gy compared to IMPT. In most cases, V4000cGy and V5000cGy within ILBM and LSBM were significantly higher for IMPT plans compared to VMAT plans. CONCLUSIONS BMS plans are achievable with VMAT and IMPT without compromising target coverage or OARs constraints. IMPT plans were overall better at reducing mean and NTCP for HT3+ as well as low dose volumes to BM. However, IMPT had larger high dose volumes within LSBM and ILBM. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariluz De Ornelas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA.
| | | | - Elizabeth Bossart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Crystal Seldon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alan Dal Pra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael Butkus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
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Bi Z, Wang Q, Yang T, Liu Y, Yuan J, Li L, Guo Y. Effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis on vaginal radiotherapy for gynecological cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10105. [PMID: 37344615 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis (L.del) on vaginal microbiota (VM) dysbiosis and vaginal radiation injury in gynecologic cancer patients. The inhibitory effects of L.del on cervical cancer cells were also studied in vitro. Gynecologic cancer patients receiving radiotherapy were randomized into control and L.del intervention groups. The control group received radiotherapy, while the intervention group received radiotherapy and L.del intervention (1 capsule/day placed into the deep vagina from the first day of radiotherapy until the end of treatment). Vaginal swab samples were collected on the first day pre-treatment and the last day post-treatment. DNA from 54 patients was extracted and assessed by the 16S rRNA sequencing method. Radiotherapy resulted in vaginal microbiome dysbiosis characterized by increased phylogenetic diversity and increased abundance of Brevundimonas, Streptococcus and Prevotella, but a decreased abundance of Lactobacillus. Level 2 vaginal radiation injury was positively associated with the abundance of Brevundimonas and gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria. Administration of L.del attenuated the reduction of Lactobacillus while also inhibiting the abundance of Streptococcus and Prevotella, thereby ameliorating radiotherapy-related vaginal microbiota dysbiosis. CLD inhibited the in vitro proliferation of SiHa cells by altering the expression of BCL2, HPV16-E6, HPV16-E7, IL6, MAP7, BAX, Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and LTF. In conclusion, L. del application can alleviate radiation-induced vaginal dysbiosis and restore Lactobacillus dominance of the vaginal microbiome. Moreover, CLD was found to inhibit cell growth and promote the apoptosis of SiHa cells in vitro. The registration number for this clinical trial is ChiCTR1900021784.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Bi
- Department of Microecology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Microecology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tiancizhuo Yang
- Department of Microecology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yinhui Liu
- Department of Microecology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jieli Yuan
- Department of Microecology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Longjie Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yanjie Guo
- Department of Microecology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Yu Y, Lin X, Feng F, Wei Y, Wei S, Gong Y, Guo C, Wang Q, Shuai P, Wang T, Qin H, Li G, Yi L. Gut microbiota and ionizing radiation-induced damage: Is there a link? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115947. [PMID: 37080277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
According to observational findings, ionizing radiation (IR) triggers dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, affecting the structural composition, function, and species of the gut microbiome and its metabolites. These modifications can further exacerbate IR-induced damage and amplify proinflammatory immune responses. Conversely, commensal bacteria and favorable metabolites can remodel the IR-disturbed gut microbial structure, promote a balance between anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory mechanisms in the body, and mitigate IR toxicity. The discovery of effective and safe remedies to prevent and treat radiation-induced injuries is vitally needed because of the proliferation of radiation toxicity threats produced by recent radiological public health disasters and increasing medical exposures. This review examines how the gut microbiota and its metabolites are linked to the processes of IR-induced harm. We highlight protective measures based on interventions with gut microbes to optimize the distress caused by IR damage to human health. We offer prospects for research in emerging and promising areas targeting the prevention and treatment of IR-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiu Yu
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Feiyang Feng
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yuanyun Wei
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yaqi Gong
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Caimao Guo
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Peimeng Shuai
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Lan Yi
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Dutta A, Dahiya A. Quercetin 3-O rutinoside prevents gastrointestinal injury through regulation of apoptosis in 7.5 Gy total body irradiated mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 112:154692. [PMID: 36863087 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the heightened threat to unforeseen nuclear/radiological exposures worldwide, no countermeasures are currently approved to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity induced by radiation in humans. PURPOSE In this study, we aim to establish the gastroprotective role of flavonoid, Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (Q-3-R) against 7.5 Gy total body gamma radiation dose that contributes to the hematopoietic syndrome. METHODS Q-3-R (10 mg/kg body weight) was administered intramuscularly to C57BL/6 male mice before exposure to 7.5 Gy and monitored for morbidity and mortality. The GI protection against radiation was ascertained by histopathological and xylose absorption studies. Intestinal apoptosis, crypt proliferation and apoptotic signaling were also investigated in different treatment groups. RESULTS We found that Q-3-R prevented the radiation-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, maintained ATP levels, regulated the apoptotic pathway, and activated crypt cell proliferation in the intestine. Radiation-induced villi and crypt damage as well as mal-absorption were significantly minimized in the Q-3-R treated group. We observed 100% survival post Q-3-R administration against 33.3% lethality in 7.5 Gy (LD33.3/30) exposed C57BL/6 mice. The Q-3-R pre-treated mice that survived the 7.5 Gy dose revealed no pathological changes related to the development of fibrosis in the intestine and thickened mucosal wall till 4 months post irradiation. Complete hematopoietic recovery was observed in these surviving mice when compared to age matched control. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that Q-3-R regulated the apoptotic process to achieve GI protection against LD33.3/30 dose (7.5 Gy) that primarily caused death due to hematopoietic failure. The recovery observed in mice survivors suggested that this molecule may also have the potential to minimize side effects on normal tissues during radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaswrata Dutta
- Division of CBRN, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
| | - Akshu Dahiya
- Division of CBRN, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K Mazumdar Marg, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India
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Shibrya EE, Rashed RR, Abd El Fattah MA, El-Ghazaly MA, Kenawy SA. Apigenin and Exposure to Low Dose Gamma Radiation Ameliorate Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats. Dose Response 2023; 21:15593258231155787. [PMID: 36756150 PMCID: PMC9900677 DOI: 10.1177/15593258231155787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease involving chronic and recurring colon inflammation. Current management protocols are limited by adverse effects or short-term symptomatic relief. We aimed to investigate the possible therapeutic prospect of low dose gamma (γ) irradiation or apigenin treatment in acetic acid-induced UC in rats. Induction of UC was carried out by installation of acetic acid intra-rectally. One hour post-induction, rats received a sole dose of γ-radiation (0.5 Gray) or were treated with apigenin (3 mg/kg/day, peroral) for 7 successive days. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of both agents were assessed via determination of colon malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total nitrate/nitrite (NOx), mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) contents as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Body weight (BW), colon weight/length (W/L) ratio, disease activity index (DAI), and histopathological changes were evaluated. Gamma irradiation and apigenin significantly ameliorated the acetic acid-induced biochemical and histopathological changes. Both therapeutic approaches significantly restored colon contents of the investigated biomarkers. They modulated BW, colon W/L ratio and DAI. This study proposes low dose γ-irradiation as a new therapeutic candidate for the management of UC. We also concluded that apigenin exhibited therapeutic benefits in UC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman E. Shibrya
- Department of Drug Radiation
Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology,
Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo,
Egypt
| | - Rasha R. Rashed
- Department of Drug Radiation
Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology,
Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo,
Egypt
| | - Mai A. Abd El Fattah
- Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A. El-Ghazaly
- Department of Drug Radiation
Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology,
Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo,
Egypt
| | - Sanaa A. Kenawy
- Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, Cairo, Egypt,Sanaa A. Kenawy, Department of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy street,
Cairo 12411, Egypt.
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18
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Sminia P, Guipaud O, Viktorsson K, Ahire V, Baatout S, Boterberg T, Cizkova J, Dostál M, Fernandez-Palomo C, Filipova A, François A, Geiger M, Hunter A, Jassim H, Edin NFJ, Jordan K, Koniarová I, Selvaraj VK, Meade AD, Milliat F, Montoro A, Politis C, Savu D, Sémont A, Tichy A, Válek V, Vogin G. Clinical Radiobiology for Radiation Oncology. RADIOBIOLOGY TEXTBOOK 2023:237-309. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-18810-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis chapter is focused on radiobiological aspects at the molecular, cellular, and tissue level which are relevant for the clinical use of ionizing radiation (IR) in cancer therapy. For radiation oncology, it is critical to find a balance, i.e., the therapeutic window, between the probability of tumor control and the probability of side effects caused by radiation injury to the healthy tissues and organs. An overview is given about modern precision radiotherapy (RT) techniques, which allow optimal sparing of healthy tissues. Biological factors determining the width of the therapeutic window are explained. The role of the six typical radiobiological phenomena determining the response of both malignant and normal tissues in the clinic, the 6R’s, which are Reoxygenation, Redistribution, Repopulation, Repair, Radiosensitivity, and Reactivation of the immune system, is discussed. Information is provided on tumor characteristics, for example, tumor type, growth kinetics, hypoxia, aberrant molecular signaling pathways, cancer stem cells and their impact on the response to RT. The role of the tumor microenvironment and microbiota is described and the effects of radiation on the immune system including the abscopal effect phenomenon are outlined. A summary is given on tumor diagnosis, response prediction via biomarkers, genetics, and radiomics, and ways to selectively enhance the RT response in tumors. Furthermore, we describe acute and late normal tissue reactions following exposure to radiation: cellular aspects, tissue kinetics, latency periods, permanent or transient injury, and histopathology. Details are also given on the differential effect on tumor and late responding healthy tissues following fractionated and low dose rate irradiation as well as the effect of whole-body exposure.
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19
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Zhang YG, Malo ME, Tschirhart T, Xia Y, Wang Z, Dadachova E, Sun J. Effects of Melanized Bacteria and Soluble Melanin on the Intestinal Homeostasis and Microbiome In Vivo. TOXICS 2022; 11:13. [PMID: 36668739 PMCID: PMC9860700 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Radiation damage is associated with inflammation and immunity in the intestinal mucosa, including gut microbiota. Melanin has a unique capacity to coordinate a biological reaction in response to environmental stimuli, such as radiation exposure. Thus, melanin and melanized microbes have potential to be used for mitigation of injury induced by radiation. The purpose of the current study is to examine the safety of these agents for future targeting gut microbiome to prevent radiation-induced injury. We administered mice with soluble allomelanin and observed its effect on the intestinal physiology and body weight. We then established a melanized bacterial strain in probiotic E. coli Nissle. We measured the body weight of the mice treated with melanized E. coli Nissle. We showed the enhanced bacterial abundance and colonization of the melanized bacteria E. coli Nissle in the intestine. Melanized E. coli Nissle colonized the colon in less than 3 h and showed consistent colonization over 24 h post one oral gavage. We did not find significant changes of bodyweight in the mice treated with melanized bacteria. We did not observe any inflammation in the intestine. These results demonstrate the safety of soluble melanin and melanin-producing bacteria and will support the future studies to treat radiation-induced injuries and restore dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-guo Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mackenzie E. Malo
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Tanya Tschirhart
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Jun Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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20
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Xin JY, Wang J, Ding QQ, Chen W, Xu XK, Wei XT, Lv YH, Wei YP, Feng Y, Zu XP. Potential role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in radiation-induced intestinal damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114341. [PMID: 36442401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal damage (RIID) is a serious disease with limited effective treatment. Nuclear explosion, nuclear release, nuclear application and especially radiation therapy are all highly likely to cause radioactive intestinal damage. The intestinal microecology is an organic whole with a symbiotic relationship formed by the interaction between a relatively stable microbial community living in the intestinal tract and the host. Imbalance and disorders of intestinal microecology are related to the occurrence and development of multiple systemic diseases, especially intestinal diseases. Increasing evidence indicates that the gut microbiota and its metabolites play an important role in the pathogenesis and prevention of RIID. Radiation leads to gut microbiota imbalance, including a decrease in the number of beneficial bacteria and an increase in the number of harmful bacteria that cause RIID. In this review, we describe the pathological mechanisms of RIID, the changes in intestinal microbiota, the metabolites induced by radiation, and their mechanism in RIID. Finally, the mechanisms of various methods for regulating the microbiota in the treatment of RIID are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xi-Ke Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin-Tong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yan-Hui Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yu Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Xian-Peng Zu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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21
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A role for endothelial alpha-mannosidase MAN1C1 in radiation-induced immune cell recruitment. iScience 2022; 25:105482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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22
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Cheng H, Chen L, Huang M, Hou J, Chen Z, Yang X. Hunting down NLRP3 inflammasome: An executioner of radiation-induced injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:967989. [PMID: 36353625 PMCID: PMC9637992 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.967989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the mainstream treatment modalities for several malignancies. However, radiation-induced injury to surrounding normal tissues limits its efficacy. The NLRP3 inflammasome is an essential mechanism of innate immunity that reacts to challenges from endogenous danger signals and pathological microbes. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated a key role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of radiation-induced tissue injury. Despite accumulating evidence, the potential value of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the management of radiation-induced tissue injury is not adequately recognized. We conducted a literature review to characterize the relationship between NLRP3 inflammasome and radiation injury. By analyzing recent evidence, we identify NLRP3 inflammasome as one of the executioners of radiation-induced injury, since it responds to the challenges of radiation, induces cell pyroptosis and tissue dysfunction, and initiates non-resolving inflammation and fibrosis. Based on these concepts, we propose early intervention/prevention strategies targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in a radiation context, which may help resolve imperative clinical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cheng
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minchun Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaojun Yang, ; Zhifeng Chen,
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaojun Yang, ; Zhifeng Chen,
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23
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The Role of the Human Gut Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Radiation Enteropathy. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081613. [PMID: 36014031 PMCID: PMC9415405 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome plays a key role in regulating host physiology. In a stable state, both the microbiota and the gut work synergistically. The overall homeostasis of the intestinal flora can be affected by multiple factors, including disease states and the treatments given for those diseases. In this review, we examine the relatively well-characterised abnormalities that develop in the microbiome in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and compare and contrast them to those that are found in radiation enteropathy. We discuss how these changes may exert their effects at a molecular level, and the possible role of manipulating the microbiome through the use of a variety of therapies to reduce the severity of the underlying condition.
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24
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Fooladi M, Shirazi A, Sheikhzadeh P, Amirrashedi M, Ghahramani F, Cheki M, Khoobi M. Investigating the attenuating effect of telmisartan against radiation-induced intestinal injury using 18F-FDG micro-PET imaging. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 99:446-458. [PMID: 35930426 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to investigate the ability of 18F-Fluro-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG)-based micro-positron emission tomography (microPET) imaging to evaluate the efficacy of telmisartan, a highly selective angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARA), in intestinal tissue recovery process after in vivo irradiation. METHODS Male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups of control, telmisartan, irradiation, and telmisartan + irradiation. A solution of telmisartan in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was administered orally at 12 mg/kg body weight for seven consecutive days prior to whole body exposing to a single sub-lethal dose of 5 Gy X-rays. The mice were imaged using 18F-FDG microPET at 9 and 30 days post-irradiation. The 18F-FDG uptake in jejunum was determined according to the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) index. Tissues were also processed in similar time points for histological analysis. RESULTS The 18F-FDG microPET imaging confirmed the efficacy of telmisartan as a potent attenuating agent for ionizing radiation-induced injury of intestine in mice model. The results were also in line with the histological analysis indicating that pretreatment with telmisartan reduced damage to the villi, crypts, and intestinal mucosa compared with irradiated and non-treated group from day 9 to 30 after irradiation. CONCLUSION The results revealed that 18F-FDG microPET imaging could be a good candidate to replace time-consuming and invasive biological techniques for screening of radioprotective agents. These findings were also confirmed by histological examinations which indicated that telmisartan can effectively attenuates radiation injury caused by ionizing-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Fooladi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shirazi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Sheikhzadeh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Amirrashedi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghahramani
- Radiotherapy-Oncology Center, Yas Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Cheki
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- Biomaterials Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Yao J, Zhang J, Wang J, Lai Q, Yuan W, Liu Z, Cheng S, Feng Y, Jiang Z, Shi Y, Jiang S, Tu W. Transcriptome Profiling Unveils a Critical Role of IL-17 Signaling-Mediated Inflammation in Radiation-Induced Esophageal Injury in Rats. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221104609. [PMID: 35677348 PMCID: PMC9168911 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involving the initiation and progression
of radiation-induced esophageal injury (RIEI) is important for prevention and
treatment. Despite ongoing advances, the underlying mechanisms controlling RIEI
remain largely unknown. In the present study, RNA-seq was performed to
characterize mRNA profiles of the irradiated rat esophagus exposed to 0, 25, or
35 Gy irradiation. Bioinformatics analyses including dose-dependent
differentially expressed genes (DEGs), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of
Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and
immune infiltration were performed. 134 DEGs were screened out with a
dose-dependent manner (35 Gy > 25 Gy > control, or 35 Gy < 25 Gy <
control). GO and KEGG analyses showed that the most significant mechanism was
IL-17 signaling-mediated inflammatory response. 5 hub genes, Ccl11, Cxcl3,
Il17a, S100a8, and S100a9, were identified through the intersection of the DEGs
involved in inflammatory response, IL-17 pathway, and PPI network. Additionally,
immune infiltration analysis showed the activation of macrophages, monocytes, T
cells, NKT cells, and neutrophils, among which macrophages, monocytes, and
neutrophils might be the main sources of S100a8 and S100a9. Thus, these findings
further our understanding on the molecular biology of RIEI and may help develop
more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yao
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinkang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Lai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijun Yuan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongyu Liu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuanghua Cheng
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yahui Feng
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Jiang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhong Shi
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenling Tu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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26
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Fakhri S, Piri S, Moradi SZ, Khan H. Phytochemicals Targeting Oxidative Stress, Interconnected Neuroinflammatory, and Neuroapoptotic Pathways Following Radiation. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:836-856. [PMID: 34370636 PMCID: PMC9881105 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210809103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The radiation for therapeutic purposes has shown positive effects in different contexts; however, it can increase the risk of many age-related and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). These different outcomes highlight a dose-response phenomenon called hormesis. Prevailing studies indicate that high doses of radiation could play several destructive roles in triggering oxidative stress, neuroapoptosis, and neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration. However, there is a lack of effective treatments in combating radiation-induced neurodegeneration, and the present drugs suffer from some drawbacks, including side effects and drug resistance. Among natural entities, polyphenols are suggested as multi-target agents affecting the dysregulated pathogenic mechanisms in neurodegenerative disease. This review discusses the destructive effects of radiation on the induction of neurodegenerative diseases by dysregulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. We also describe the promising effects of polyphenols and other candidate phytochemicals in preventing and treating radiation-induced neurodegenerative disorders, aiming to find novel/potential therapeutic compounds against such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,Address correspondence to these author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; E-mail: Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; E-mail:
| | - Sana Piri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,These authors have contributed equally to this work.
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,These authors have contributed equally to this work.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan,Address correspondence to these author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; E-mail: Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; E-mail:
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27
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Corken A, Ghosh SP, Du R, Boerma M, Ware J, Pathak R. Platelet glycoprotein Ibα provides radiation protection. Radiother Oncol 2022; 167:143-148. [PMID: 34971661 PMCID: PMC8934272 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Platelet membrane glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα), the major ligand-binding subunit of the GPIb-IX-V complex, binds to a number of ligands contributing to hemostasis, thrombosis, and inflammation. Binding to von Willebrand factor (VWF) initiates the process of hemostasis/thrombosis, while binding to the leukocyte receptor Macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1) has been implicated in modulating the inflammatory response. Thus as GPIbα resides at the nexus of thrombosis and inflammation, we investigated the impact of GPIbα on radiation injury outcomes as this injury triggers both the thrombotic and inflammatory pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice and a dysfunctional GPIbα mouse model, in which endogenous GPIbα is replaced with a non-functional α-subunit (hIL-4R/Ibα), to determine whether the impairment of platelet GPIbα alters radiation response. Following exposure to 8.5 Gy total body irradiation (TBI), a series of parameters including radiation lethality, platelet-neutrophil/monocyte interactions, neutrophil/monocyte activation, serum cytokine levels and intestinal injury, were compared between the strains. RESULTS The lack of functional GPIbα resulted in higher radiation lethality, greater monocyte activation, increased levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, heightened intestinal damage, and a reduction of intestinal neutrophil recovery. CONCLUSION These data suggest that loss of platelet GPIbα enhances radiation toxicity and that GPIbα-mediated interactions may play a crucial role in limiting radiation damage. Thus, a mechanistic understanding of the biological impact of GPIbα following TBI could provide crucial insights for improving the safety of radiotherapy and minimizing the deleterious effects of accidental or occupational exposure to high-dose radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Corken
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Sanchita P. Ghosh
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Ruofei Du
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Marjan Boerma
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jerry Ware
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Rupak Pathak
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA,Correspondence to: Rupak Pathak, PhD, Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. , Telephone: +1-5016861472
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28
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Korany DA, Said RS, Ayoub IM, Labib RM, El-Ahmady SH, Singab ANB. Protective effects of Brownea grandiceps (Jacq.) against ϒ-radiation-induced enteritis in rats in relation to its secondary metabolome fingerprint. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112603. [PMID: 35062069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation enteritis is the most common complication of radiotherapy in patients with pelvic malignancies. Thus, the radioprotective activity of the total hydro-alcoholic extract (BGE) and the ethyl acetate soluble fraction (EAF) of Brownea grandiceps leaves was evaluated against ϒ-radiation-induced enteritis in rats. (BGE) and (EAF) were characterized using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS analysis. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also quantified. In vivo administration of (BGE) (400 mg/kg) and (EAF) (200 & 400 mg/kg) prevented intestinal injury and maintained the mucosal integrity of irradiated rats through increasing villi length and promoting crypt regeneration. Also, (EAF) showed more potent antioxidant activity than (BGE) through reduction of MDA level and enhancement of GSH content and catalase enzyme activity. (BGE) and (EAF) down-regulated intestinal NF-κB expression leading to diminished expression of downstream inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Moreover, (EAF) markedly reduced the expression of profibrotic marker TGF-β1. Seventy-nine compounds were tentatively identified, including flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, polar lipids and phenolic acids. (EAF) showed significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as compared to (BGE). Results revealed remarkable radioprotective activity of (BGE) and (EAF), with significantly higher activity for (EAF). The chemical constituents of (BGE) and (EAF) strongly supported their radioprotective activity. To the best of our knowledge, the present study describes for the first time the radioprotective activity of B. grandiceps leaves in relation to its secondary metabolome fingerprint; emphasizing the great promise of B. grandiceps leaves, especially (EAF), to be used as natural radio-protective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Korany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Riham S Said
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rola M Labib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, 11566, Cairo, Egypt; Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Kitamura H, Tanigawa T, Kuzumoto T, Nadatani Y, Otani K, Fukunaga S, Hosomi S, Tanaka F, Kamata N, Nagami Y, Taira K, Uematsu S, Watanabe T, Fujiwara Y. Interferon-α exerts proinflammatory properties in experimental radiation-induced esophagitis: Possible involvement of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Life Sci 2022; 289:120215. [PMID: 34890590 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Radiation-induced esophagitis, experienced during radiation therapy for lung cancer and head and neck cancer, is a major dose-limiting side effect of the treatment. This study aimed to elucidate the role of interferon-α (IFN-α) in radiation-induced esophagitis. MAIN METHODS C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 10 and 25Gy of single thoracic irradiation. Esophageal mucosal damage and inflammatory reactions were assessed for 5 days after irradiation. KEY FINDINGS Irradiation induced esophagitis, characterized by reduction in the thickness of epithelial layer, upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, infiltration of inflammatory cells into the esophageal mucosa, and apoptosis of epithelial cells. Irradiation upregulated the level of gene expression for IFN-α in the esophageal tissue, and the neutralizing antibody against IFN-α ameliorated radiation-induced esophageal mucosal damage, while administration of IFN-α receptor agonist (RO8191) had an inverse effect. Depletion of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) by anti-CD317 antibody or pharmacological inactivation with bortezomib suppressed radiation-induced mucosal inflammation and damage, accompanied by decrease in IFN-α expression level. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that IFN-α and pDCs exert proinflammatory properties in the pathophysiology of radiation-induced esophagitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kitamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanigawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takuya Kuzumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Nadatani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Otani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shusei Fukunaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Hosomi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumio Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriko Kamata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Nagami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Taira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uematsu
- Department of Immunology and Genomics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshio Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Premier Preventive Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Malipatlolla DK, Devarakonda S, Patel P, Sjöberg F, Rascón A, Grandér R, Skokic V, Kalm M, Danial J, Mehdin E, Warholm M, Norling H, Stringer A, Johansson MEV, Nyman M, Steineck G, Bull C. A Fiber-Rich Diet and Radiation-Induced Injury in the Murine Intestinal Mucosa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:439. [PMID: 35008864 PMCID: PMC8745769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber is considered a strong intestinal protector, but we do not know whether dietary fiber protects against the long-lasting mucosal damage caused by ionizing radiation. To evaluate whether a fiber-rich diet can ameliorate the long-lasting pathophysiological hallmarks of the irradiated mucosa, C57BL/6J mice on a fiber-rich bioprocessed oat bran diet or a fiber-free diet received 32 Gray in four fractions to the distal colorectum using a linear accelerator and continued on the diets for one, six or 18 weeks. We quantified degenerating crypts, crypt fission, cell proliferation, crypt survival, macrophage density and bacterial infiltration. Crypt loss through crypt degeneration only occurred in the irradiated mice. Initially, it was most frequent in the fiber-deprived group but declined to levels similar to the fiber-consuming group by 18 weeks. The fiber-consuming group had a fast response to irradiation, with crypt fission for growth or healing peaking already at one week post-irradiation, while crypt fission in the fiber-deprived group peaked at six weeks. A fiber-rich diet allowed for a more intense crypt cell proliferation, but the recovery of crypts was eventually lost by 18 weeks. Bacterial infiltration was a late phenomenon, evident in the fiber-deprived animals and intensified manyfold after irradiation. Bacterial infiltration also coincided with a specific pro-inflammatory serum cytokine profile. In contrast, mice on a fiber-rich diet were completely protected from irradiation-induced bacterial infiltration and exhibited a similar serum cytokine profile as sham-irradiated mice on a fiber-rich diet. Our findings provide ample evidence that dietary fiber consumption modifies the onset, timing and intensity of radiation-induced pathophysiological processes in the intestinal mucosa. However, we need more knowledge, not least from clinical studies, before this finding can be introduced to a new and refined clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Kumar Malipatlolla
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Sravani Devarakonda
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Piyush Patel
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases at the Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fei Sjöberg
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases at the Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ana Rascón
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (A.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Rita Grandér
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Viktor Skokic
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Marie Kalm
- Department of Pharmacology at the Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Jolie Danial
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Eva Mehdin
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Malin Warholm
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Henrietta Norling
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Andrea Stringer
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Malin E. V. Johansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology at the Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Margareta Nyman
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (A.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Gunnar Steineck
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Cecilia Bull
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden; (D.K.M.); (S.D.); (P.P.); (F.S.); (R.G.); (V.S.); (J.D.); (E.M.); (M.W.); (H.N.); (G.S.)
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Iorio GC, Spieler BO, Ricardi U, Dal Pra A. The Impact of Pelvic Nodal Radiotherapy on Hematologic Toxicity: A Systematic Review with Focus on Leukopenia, Lymphopenia and Future Perspectives in Prostate Cancer Treatment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 168:103497. [PMID: 34666186 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hematologic toxicity (HT), particularly leukopenia, is a common side-effect of oncologic treatments for pelvic malignancies. Pelvic nodal radiotherapy (PNRT) has been associated with HT development mainly through incidental bone marrow (BM) irradiation; however, several questions remain about the clinical impact of radiotherapy-related HT. Herein, we perform a systematic review of the available evidence on PNRT and HT. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed through EMBASE. Hand searching and clinicaltrials.gov were also used. RESULTS While BM-related dose-volume parameters and BM-sparing techniques have been more thoroughly investigated in pelvic malignancies such as cervical, anal, and rectal cancers, the importance of BM as an organ-at-risk has received less attention in prostate cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS We examined the available evidence regarding the impact of PNRT on HT, with a focus on prostate cancer treatment. We suggest that BM should be regarded as an organ-at-risk for patients undergoing PNRT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Oren Spieler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alan Dal Pra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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Leibowitz BJ, Zhao G, Wei L, Ruan H, Epperly M, Chen L, Lu X, Greenberger JS, Zhang L, Yu J. Interferon b drives intestinal regeneration after radiation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi5253. [PMID: 34613772 PMCID: PMC8494436 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi5253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway is critical for host defense. Here, we report that cGAS-STING–dependent type 1 interferon (IFN) response drives intestinal regeneration and animal recovery from radiation injury. STING deficiency has no effect on radiation-induced DNA damage or crypt apoptosis but abrogates epithelial IFN-β production, local inflammation, innate transcriptional response, and subsequent crypt regeneration. cGAS KO, IFNAR1 KO, or CCR2 KO also abrogates radiation-induced acute crypt inflammation and regeneration. Impaired intestinal regeneration and survival in STING-deficient mice are fully rescued by a single IFN-β treatment given 48 hours after irradiation but not by wild-type (WT) bone marrow. IFN-β treatment remarkably improves the survival of WT mice and Lgr5+ stem cell regeneration through elevated compensatory proliferation and more rapid DNA damage removal. Our findings support that inducible IFN-β production in the niche couples ISC injury and regeneration and its potential use to treat acute radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Leibowitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Guangyi Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Liang Wei
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hang Ruan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Michael Epperly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lujia Chen
- Department of Medical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Medical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joel S. Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Bull C, Devarakonda S, Ahlin R. Role of dietary fiber in safeguarding intestinal health after pelvic radiotherapy. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2021; 15:180-187. [PMID: 34232134 DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Damage to healthy bowel tissue during pelvic radiotherapy can produce devastating and life-long changes in bowel function. The surging interest in microbiota and its importance for our wellbeing has generated a bulk of research highlighting how the food we consume impacts bowel health and disease. Dietary fiber is known to promote bowel health, yet there is a limited number of studies on dietary fiber in connection to pelvic radiotherapy. Here, we review some of the literature on the subject and present the most recent publications in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Advice given concerning dietary fiber intake during and after pelvic radiotherapy are inconsistent, with some clinics suggesting a decrease in intake and others an increase. Recent animal studies provide a solid support for a protective role of dietary fiber with regards to intestinal health after pelvic radiotherapy, mainly through its impact on the microbiota. No clinical study has yet provided unambiguous evidence for a similar function of dietary fiber in humans undergoing pelvic radiotherapy. SUMMARY There is a lack of evidence behind the dietary advice given to cancer survivors suffering from radiation-induced bowel dysfunction, and high-quality and well powered studies with long follow-up times are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Bull
- The Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology at the Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Wei K, He J, Ding N, Hua J, Zhou T, Niu F, Zhou G, Shi T, Zhang L, Liu Y. Review: Effect of Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolite SCFAs on Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:577236. [PMID: 34307184 PMCID: PMC8300561 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.577236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is regarded as the second human genome and forgotten organ, which is symbiotic with the human host and cannot live and exist alone. The gut microbiota performs multiple physiological functions and plays a pivotal role in host health and intestinal homeostasis. However, the gut microbiota can always be affected by various factors and among them, it is radiotherapy that results in gut microbiota 12dysbiosis and it is often embodied in a decrease in the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota, an increase in harmful bacteria and a decrease in beneficial bacteria, thereby affecting many disease states, especially intestine diseases. Furthermore, gut microbiota can produce a variety of metabolites, among which short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are one of the most abundant and important metabolites. More importantly, SCFAs can be identified as second messengers to promote signal transduction and affect the occurrence and development of diseases. Radiotherapy can lead to the alterations of SCFAs-producing bacteria and cause changes in SCFAs, which is associated with a variety of diseases such as radiation-induced intestinal injury. However, the specific mechanism of its occurrence is not yet clear. Therefore, this review intends to emphasize the alterations of gut microbiota after radiotherapy and highlight the alterations of SCFAs-producing bacteria and SCFAs to explore the mechanisms of radiation-induced intestinal injury from the perspective of gut microbiota and its metabolite SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kongxi Wei
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng He
- Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junrui Hua
- Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Niu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gucheng Zhou
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tongfan Shi
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and Universities, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine and Transformation at Provincial and Ministerial Level, Lanzhou, China
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35
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Segers C, Mysara M, Claesen J, Baatout S, Leys N, Lebeer S, Verslegers M, Mastroleo F. Intestinal mucositis precedes dysbiosis in a mouse model for pelvic irradiation. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:24. [PMID: 36737646 PMCID: PMC9723693 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pelvic radiotherapy is known to evoke intestinal mucositis and dysbiosis. Currently, there are no effective therapies available to mitigate these injuries, which is partly due to a lack of insight into the events causing mucositis and dysbiosis. Here, the complex interplay between the murine host and its microbiome following pelvic irradiation was mapped by characterizing intestinal mucositis along with extensive 16S microbial profiling. We demonstrated important morphological and inflammatory implications within one day after exposure, thereby impairing intestinal functionality and inducing translocation of intraluminal bacteria into mesenteric lymph nodes as innovatively quantified by flow cytometry. Concurrent 16S microbial profiling revealed a delayed impact of pelvic irradiation on beta diversity. Analysis of composition of microbiomes identified biomarkers for pelvic irradiation. Among them, members of the families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Porphyromonadaceae were differentially affected. Altogether, our unprecedented findings showed how pelvic irradiation evoked structural and functional changes in the intestine, which secondarily resulted in a microbiome shift. Therefore, the presented in vivo irradiation-gut-microbiome platform allows further research into the pathobiology of pelvic irradiation-induced intestinal mucositis and resultant dysbiosis, as well as the exploration of mitigating treatments including drugs and food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Segers
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Jürgen Claesen
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Natalie Leys
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mieke Verslegers
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Felice Mastroleo
- Interdisciplinary Biosciences group, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, Mol, Belgium.
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36
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Bensemmane L, Squiban C, Demarquay C, Mathieu N, Benderitter M, Le Guen B, Milliat F, Linard C. The stromal vascular fraction mitigates radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:309. [PMID: 34051871 PMCID: PMC8164266 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The intestine is particularly sensitive to moderate-high radiation dose and the development of gastrointestinal syndrome (GIS) leads to the rapid loss of intestinal mucosal integrity, resulting in bacterial infiltration, sepsis that comprise patient survival. There is an urgent need for effective and rapid therapeutic countermeasures. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) derived from adipose tissue is an easily accessible source of cells with angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. We studied the therapeutic impact of SVF and its action on the intestinal stem cell compartment. Methods Mice exposed to the abdominal radiation (18 Gy) received a single intravenous injection of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) (2.5 × 106 cells), obtained by enzymatic digestion of inguinal fat tissue, on the day of irradiation. Mortality was evaluated as well as intestinal regeneration by histological analyses and absorption function. Results The SVF treatment limited the weight loss of the mice and inhibited the intestinal permeability and mortality after abdominal irradiation. Histological analyses showed that SVF treatment stimulated the regeneration of the epithelium by promoting numerous enlarged hyperproliferative zones. SVF restored CD24+/lysozyme− and Paneth cell populations in the ISC compartment with the presence of Paneth Ki67+ cells. SVF has an anti-inflammatory effect by repressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, increasing M2 macrophages in the ileum and anti-inflammatory monocyte subtypes CD11b+Ly6clowCX3CR1high in the spleen. Conclusions Through the pleiotropic effects that contribute to limiting radiation-induced lethality, SVF opens up attractive prospects for the treatment of emergency GIS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02373-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Bensemmane
- Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Claire Squiban
- Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Christelle Demarquay
- Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Noëlle Mathieu
- Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marc Benderitter
- Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Fabien Milliat
- Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Christine Linard
- Institute of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Laboratory of Medical Radiobiology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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Hollingsworth BA, Cassatt DR, DiCarlo AL, Rios CI, Satyamitra MM, Winters TA, Taliaferro LP. Acute Radiation Syndrome and the Microbiome: Impact and Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643283. [PMID: 34084131 PMCID: PMC8167050 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Study of the human microbiota has been a centuries-long endeavor, but since the inception of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Human Microbiome Project in 2007, research has greatly expanded, including the space involving radiation injury. As acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is multisystemic, the microbiome niches across all areas of the body may be affected. This review highlights advances in radiation research examining the effect of irradiation on the microbiome and its potential use as a target for medical countermeasures or biodosimetry approaches, or as a medical countermeasure itself. The authors also address animal model considerations for designing studies, and the potential to use the microbiome as a biomarker to assess radiation exposure and predict outcome. Recent research has shown that the microbiome holds enormous potential for mitigation of radiation injury, in the context of both radiotherapy and radiological/nuclear public health emergencies. Gaps still exist, but the field is moving forward with much promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brynn A Hollingsworth
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - David R Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Andrea L DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Carmen I Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Merriline M Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Thomas A Winters
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Lanyn P Taliaferro
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, United States
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38
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Kwak SY, Park S, Kim H, Lee SJ, Jang WS, Kim MJ, Lee S, Jang WI, Kim AR, Kim EH, Shim S, Jang H. Atorvastatin Inhibits Endothelial PAI-1-Mediated Monocyte Migration and Alleviates Radiation-Induced Enteropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041828. [PMID: 33673196 PMCID: PMC7917640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal injury is observed in cancer patients after radiotherapy and in individuals exposed to radiation after a nuclear accident. Radiation disrupts normal vascular homeostasis in the gastrointestinal system by inducing endothelial damage and senescence. Despite advances in medical technology, the toxicity of radiation to healthy tissue remains an issue. To address this issue, we investigated the effect of atorvastatin, a commonly prescribed hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis, on radiation-induced enteropathy and inflammatory responses. We selected atorvastatin based on its pleiotropic anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects. We found that atorvastatin mitigated radiation-induced endothelial damage by regulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mouse model. PAI-1 secreted by HUVECs contributed to endothelial dysfunction and trans-endothelial monocyte migration after radiation exposure. We observed that PAI-1 production and secretion was inhibited by atorvastatin in irradiated HUVECs and radiation-induced enteropathy mouse model. More specifically, atorvastatin inhibited PAI-1 production following radiation through the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway. Together, our findings suggest that atorvastatin alleviates radiation-induced enteropathy and supports the investigation of atorvastatin as a radio-mitigator in patients receiving radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sehwan Shim
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (H.J.); Tel.: +82-2-3399-5873 (S.S.); +82-2-970-1302 (H.J.)
| | - Hyosun Jang
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (H.J.); Tel.: +82-2-3399-5873 (S.S.); +82-2-970-1302 (H.J.)
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39
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Usunier B, Brossard C, L’Homme B, Linard C, Benderitter M, Milliat F, Chapel A. HGF and TSG-6 Released by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Colon Radiation-Induced Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041790. [PMID: 33670243 PMCID: PMC7916908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a leading cause of death in occidental states. The increasing number of patients with fibrosis requires innovative approaches. Despite the proven beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy on fibrosis, there is little evidence of their anti-fibrotic effects in colorectal fibrosis. The ability of MSCs to reduce radiation-induced colorectal fibrosis has been studied in vivo in Sprague–Dawley rats. After local radiation exposure, rats were injected with MSCs before an initiation of fibrosis. MSCs mediated a downregulation of fibrogenesis by a control of extra cellular matrix (ECM) turnover. For a better understanding of the mechanisms, we used an in vitro model of irradiated cocultured colorectal fibrosis in the presence of human MSCs. Pro-fibrotic cells in the colon are mainly intestinal fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Intestinal fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells were irradiated and cocultured in the presence of unirradiated MSCs. MSCs mediated a decrease in profibrotic gene expression and proteins secretion. Silencing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) in MSCs confirmed the complementary effects of these two genes. HGF and TSG-6 limited the progression of fibrosis by reducing activation of the smooth muscle cells and myofibroblast. To settle in vivo the contribution of HGF and TSG-6 in MSC-antifibrotic effects, rats were treated with MSCs silenced for HGF or TSG-6. HGF and TSG-6 silencing in transplanted MSCs resulted in a significant increase in ECM deposition in colon. These results emphasize the potential of MSCs to influence the pathophysiology of fibrosis-related diseases, which represent a challenging area for innovative treatments.
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40
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Mao A, Sun C, Katsube T, Wang B. A Minireview on Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Radiosusceptibility. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820963859. [PMID: 33239996 PMCID: PMC7672743 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820963859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the host and plays a key role in modulating many important biological processes and functions of the host, such as metabolism, inflammation, immune and stress response. It is becoming increasingly apparent that GI microbiota is susceptible to a wide range of environmental factors and insults, for examples, geographic location of birth, diet, use of antibiotics, and exposure to radiation. Alterations in GI microbiota link to various diseases, including radiation-induced disorders. In addition, GI microbiota composition could be used as a biomarker to estimate radiosusceptibility and radiation health risk in the host. In this minireview, we summarized the documented studies on radiation-induced alterations in GI microbiota and the relationship between GI microbiota and radiosusceptibility of the host, and mainly discussed the possible mechanisms underlying GI microbiota influencing the outcome of radiation response in humans and animal models. Furthermore, we proposed that GI microbiota manipulation may be used to reduce radiation injury and improve the health of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihong Mao
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Takanori Katsube
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bing Wang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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41
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Brinkmann K, Waring P, Glaser SP, Wimmer V, Cottle DL, Tham MS, Nhu D, Whitehead L, Delbridge AR, Lessene G, Smyth IM, Herold MJ, Kelly GL, Grabow S, Strasser A. BCL-XL exerts a protective role against anemia caused by radiation-induced kidney damage. EMBO J 2020; 39:e105561. [PMID: 33236795 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of gene-targeted mice identified the roles of the different pro-survival BCL-2 proteins during embryogenesis. However, little is known about the role(s) of these proteins in adults in response to cytotoxic stresses, such as treatment with anti-cancer agents. We investigated the role of BCL-XL in adult mice using a strategy where prior bone marrow transplantation allowed for loss of BCL-XL exclusively in non-hematopoietic tissues to prevent anemia caused by BCL-XL deficiency in erythroid cells. Unexpectedly, the combination of total body γ-irradiation (TBI) and genetic loss of Bcl-x caused secondary anemia resulting from chronic renal failure due to apoptosis of renal tubular epithelium with secondary obstructive nephropathy. These findings identify a critical protective role of BCL-XL in the adult kidney and inform on the use of BCL-XL inhibitors in combination with DNA damage-inducing drugs for cancer therapy. Encouragingly, the combination of DNA damage-inducing anti-cancer therapy plus a BCL-XL inhibitor could be tolerated in mice, at least when applied sequentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Brinkmann
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Paul Waring
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Stefan P Glaser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Verena Wimmer
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Denny L Cottle
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cell Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Ming Shen Tham
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cell Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Duong Nhu
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Alex Rd Delbridge
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Guillaume Lessene
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Ian M Smyth
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cell Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI), Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Marco J Herold
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Gemma L Kelly
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Stephanie Grabow
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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42
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Tonneau M, Elkrief A, Pasquier D, Paz Del Socorro T, Chamaillard M, Bahig H, Routy B. The role of the gut microbiome on radiation therapy efficacy and gastrointestinal complications: A systematic review. Radiother Oncol 2020; 156:1-9. [PMID: 33137398 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is an essential component of therapy either curative or palliative armamentarium in oncology, but its efficacy varies considerably among patients through many extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms of the tumour, which are beginning to be better understood. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiome represents a key factor in the modulation of the systemic immune response and consequently on patients' outcome. Moreover, the emergence of biomarkers that are derived from the gut microbiota has fuelled the development of adjuvant strategies for patients treated with immunotherapy in combination or not with RT. Despite progress in development of more precise radiotherapy techniques, almost all patients undergoing RT to the abdomen, pelvis, or rectum develop acute adverse events as a consequence of several dose-limiting parameters such as the location of irradiation that may subsequently damage normal tissue including the intestinal epithelium. Several lines of evidence in preclinical models identified that vancomycin improves RT-induced gastrointestinal toxicities such as diarrhea and oral mucositis. In order to gain further insight into this rapidly evolving field, we have systematically reviewed the studies that have described how the gut microbiome may directly or indirectly modulate RT efficacy and its gastro-intestinal toxicities. Lastly, we outline current knowledge gaps and discuss potentially more satisfactory therapeutic options to restore the functionality of the gut microbiome of patients treated with RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Tonneau
- Département universitaire de radiothérapie, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - Arielle Elkrief
- Centre de recherche de l'Université de Montréal, (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David Pasquier
- Département universitaire de radiothérapie, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France; CRIStAL UMR 9189, Lille University, France; Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000, Lille, France
| | | | - Mathias Chamaillard
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Houda Bahig
- Centre de recherche de l'Université de Montréal, (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bertrand Routy
- Centre de recherche de l'Université de Montréal, (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
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43
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Zhou W, Chen K, Lu Q, Luo Y, Zhang C, Zheng Y, Zhuo Z, Guo K, Wang J, Chen H, Sha W. The Protective Effect of Rosavin from Rhodiola rosea on Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000652. [PMID: 33089958 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive constituents from Rhodiola rosea L. (RRL) exhibit multiple pharmacological effects on diverse diseases. However, whether they are suitable for the treatment of radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate their roles and mechanisms in the RIII rat model. The radioprotective effects of the four bioactive constituents of RRL (salidroside, herbacetin, rosavin and arbutin) were evaluated by the cell viability of irradiated IEC-6 cells. Intestinal tissues were collected for histological analysis, localized inflammation and oxidative stress assessments. Our work showed that salidroside, rosavin and arbutin improved the cell viability of the irradiated IEC-6 cells, with the highest improvement in 12.5 μM rosavin group. The rosavin treatment significantly improved survival rate and intestinal damage in irradiated rats by modulating the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Our work indicated that rosavin may be the optimal constituent of RRL for RIII treatment, providing an attractive candidate for radioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhou
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Kequan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Quan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Yujun Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Zewei Zhuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Kehang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Sha
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510030, P. R. China
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Glycyrrhizin Ameliorates Radiation Enteritis in Mice Accompanied by the Regulation of the HMGB1/TLR4 Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8653783. [PMID: 32595744 PMCID: PMC7281845 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8653783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiation enteritis is a common side effect of radiotherapy for abdominal and pelvic malignancies, which can lead to a decrease in patients' tolerance to radiotherapy and the quality of life. It has been demonstrated that glycyrrhizin (GL) possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity. However, little is known about its anti-inflammatory effect in radiation enteritis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory effects of GL on radiation enteritis and elucidate the possible underlying molecular mechanisms involved. The C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 6.5 Gy abdominal X-ray irradiation to establish a model of radiation enteritis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to analyze the pathological changes in the jejunum. The expression of TNF-α in the jejunum was analyzed by immunochemistry. The levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and HMGB1 in the serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The intestinal absorption capacity was tested using the D-xylose absorption assay. The levels of HMGB1 and TLR4 were analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. We found that GL significantly alleviated the intestinal damage and reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and HMGB1 levels. Furthermore, the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway was significantly downregulated by GL treatment. In conclusion, these findings indicate that GL has a protective effect against radiation enteritis through the inhibition of the intestinal damage and the inflammatory responses, as well as the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway. Thereby, GL might be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of radiation enteritis.
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45
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Chen VE, Greenberger BA, Taylor JM, Edelman MJ, Lu B. The Underappreciated Role of the Humoral Immune System and B Cells in Tumorigenesis and Cancer Therapeutics: A Review. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 108:38-45. [PMID: 32251756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The advent of immunotherapy has ushered in a new era in both cancer research and cancer treatment strategies. Published reviews have described potential mechanisms for therapeutic synergisms from the combination of radiation therapy and immunotherapy, largely overlooking the role of humoral immunity by only focusing on cellular immunity. Given that these 2 branches of the immune system are highly interdependent, in this review we detail both what has already been established regarding the role of humoral immunity in cancer and propose potential avenues that are ripe for further investigation and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor E Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College & Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin A Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College & Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James M Taylor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College & Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Martin J Edelman
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bo Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College & Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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46
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Nowrouzi A, Sertorio MG, Akbarpour M, Knoll M, Krunic D, Kuhar M, Schwager C, Brons S, Debus J, Wells SI, Wells JM, Abdollahi A. Personalized Assessment of Normal Tissue Radiosensitivity via Transcriptome Response to Photon, Proton and Carbon Irradiation in Patient-Derived Human Intestinal Organoids. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020469. [PMID: 32085439 PMCID: PMC7072449 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity often limits the curative treatment of cancer. Moreover, normal tissue relative biological effectiveness data for high-linear energy transfer particles are urgently needed. We propose a strategy based on transcriptome analysis of patient-derived human intestinal organoids (HIO) to determine molecular surrogates for radioresponse of gastrointestinal (GI) organs at risk in a personalized manner. HIO were generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), which were derived from skin biopsies of three patients, including two patients with FANCA deficiency as a paradigm for enhanced radiosensitivity. For the two Fanconi anemia (FA) patients (HIO-104 and 106, previously published as FA-A#1 IND-iPS1 and FA-A#2 IND-iPS3), FANCA expression was reconstituted as a prerequisite for generation of HIO via lentiviral expression of a doxycycline inducible construct. For radiosensitivity analysis, FANCA deficient and FANCA rescued as well as wtHIO were sham treated or irradiated with 4Gy photon, proton or carbon ions at HIT, respectively. Immunofluorescence staining of HIO for 53BP1-foci was performed 1 h post IR and gene expression analyses was performed 12 and 48 h post IR. 53BP1-foci numbers and size correlated with the higher RBE of carbon ions. A FANCA dependent differential gene expression in response to radiation was found (p < 0.01, ANOVA; n = 1071 12 h; n = 1100 48 h). Pathways associated with FA and DNA-damage repair i.e., transcriptional coupled nucleotide excision repair, homology-directed repair and translational synthesis were found to be differentially regulated in FANCA deficient HIO. Next, differential regulated genes were investigated as a function of radiation quality (RQ, p < 0.05, ANOVA; n = 742 12 h; n = 553 48 h). Interestingly, a gradual increase or decrease of gene expression was found to correlate with the three main qualities, from photon to proton and carbon irradiation. Clustering separated high-linear energy transfer irradiation with carbons from proton and photon irradiation. Genes associated with dual incision steps of TC-NER were differentially regulated in photon vs. proton and carbon irradiation. Consequently, SUMO3, ALC1, POLE4, PCBP4, MUTYH expression correlated with the higher RBE of carbon ions. An interaction between the two studied parameters FA and RQ was identified (p < 0.01, 2-way ANOVA n = 476). A comparison of genes regulated as a function of FA, RQ and RBE suggest a role for p53 interacting genes BRD7, EWSR1, FBXO11, FBXW8, HMGB1, MAGED2, PCBP4, and RPS27 as modulators of FA in response to radiation. This proof of concept study demonstrates that patient tailored evaluation of GI response to radiation is feasible via generation of HIO and comparative transcriptome profiling. This methodology can now be further explored for a personalized assessment of GI radiosensitivity and RBE estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nowrouzi
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.A.); (M.K.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center, Clinical Cooperation Units (CCU) Translational Radiation Oncology and Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Medical Faculty (HDMF), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6221-56-34638
| | - Mathieu G. Sertorio
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (M.G.S.); (S.I.W.)
| | - Mahdi Akbarpour
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.A.); (M.K.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center, Clinical Cooperation Units (CCU) Translational Radiation Oncology and Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Medical Faculty (HDMF), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximillian Knoll
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.A.); (M.K.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center, Clinical Cooperation Units (CCU) Translational Radiation Oncology and Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Medical Faculty (HDMF), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damir Krunic
- Light Microscopy Facility, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Matthew Kuhar
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (M.K.); (J.M.W.)
| | - Christian Schwager
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.A.); (M.K.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center, Clinical Cooperation Units (CCU) Translational Radiation Oncology and Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Medical Faculty (HDMF), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Brons
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.A.); (M.K.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center, Clinical Cooperation Units (CCU) Translational Radiation Oncology and Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Medical Faculty (HDMF), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susanne I. Wells
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (M.G.S.); (S.I.W.)
| | - James M. Wells
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (M.K.); (J.M.W.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Amir Abdollahi
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.A.); (M.K.); (C.S.); (J.D.); (A.A.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core Center, Clinical Cooperation Units (CCU) Translational Radiation Oncology and Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Medical Faculty (HDMF), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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47
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Zhao Z, Cheng W, Qu W, Shao G, Liu S. Antibiotic Alleviates Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury by Remodeling Microbiota, Reducing Inflammation, and Inhibiting Fibrosis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:2967-2977. [PMID: 32095719 PMCID: PMC7033964 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal injury is a common complication of abdominal radiation therapy. However, the pathological features of radiation-induced intestinal injury and its therapeutic regimen are not very clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of antibiotic pretreatment on radiation-induced intestinal injury. Abdominal radiation disrupted the intestinal microbiota balance and significantly reduced bacterial diversity in mice. Antibiotic cocktail (Abx) pretreatment effectively removed the intestinal microbiota of mice, and metronidazole also reduced the diversity of intestinal bacteria to some extent. Two antibiotic pretreatment regimens improved the reconstitution ability of the gut microbiota in mice after radiation. Further experiments showed that Abx pretreatment effectively reduced the content of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inhibited the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in the ileum. In addition, Abx pretreatment regulated macrophage cell polarization in the ileum, downregulated TGF-β1, phosphorylated Smad-3 and α-SMA protein levels, and upregulated E-cadherin protein expression. Eventually, Abx pretreatment significantly improved the survival rate and attenuated intestinal injury of mice after radiation by reducing inflammation and preventing intestinal fibrosis. These results revealed that antibiotic pretreatment can effectively alleviate gut microbiota turbulence and intestinal damage caused by abdominal radiation in mice. Collectively, these findings add to our understanding of the pathogenesis of radiation enteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Zhao
- Department
of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin
Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214400, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department
of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department
of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital
of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214400, China
| | - Guoyi Shao
- Department
of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin
Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214400, China
- E-mail: (G.S.)
| | - Shuanghai Liu
- Department
of General Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin
Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214400, China
- E-mail: (S.L.)
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48
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Gao J, Peng S, Shan X, Deng G, Shen L, Sun J, Jiang C, Yang X, Chang Z, Sun X, Feng F, Kong L, Gu Y, Guo W, Xu Q, Sun Y. Inhibition of AIM2 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis by Andrographolide contributes to amelioration of radiation-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:957. [PMID: 31862870 PMCID: PMC6925222 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common and fatal complications of thoracic radiotherapy, whereas no effective interventions are available. Andrographolide, an active component extracted from Andrographis paniculate, is prescribed as a treatment for upper respiratory tract infection. Here we report the potential radioprotective effect and mechanism of Andrographolide on RILI. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 18 Gy of whole thorax irradiation, followed by intraperitoneal injection of Andrographolide every other day for 4 weeks. Andrographolide significantly ameliorated radiation-induced lung tissue damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in the early phase and progressive fibrosis in the late phase. Moreover, Andrographolide markedly hampered radiation-induced activation of the AIM2 inflammasome and pyroptosis in vivo. Furthermore, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were exposed to 8 Gy of X-ray radiation in vitro and Andrographolide significantly inhibited AIM2 inflammasome mediated-pyroptosis in BMDMs. Mechanistically, Andrographolide effectively prevented AIM2 from translocating into the nucleus to sense DNA damage induced by radiation or chemotherapeutic agents in BMDMs. Taken together, Andrographolide ameliorates RILI by suppressing AIM2 inflammasome mediated-pyroptosis in macrophage, identifying Andrographolide as a novel potential protective agent for RILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shuang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinni Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guoliang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lihong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chunhong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Nature Medicine and TCM Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Nature Medicine and TCM Injections, Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Chang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Fude Feng
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lingdong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanhong Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Deparment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China. .,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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49
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Lu L, Li W, Chen L, Su Q, Wang Y, Guo Z, Lu Y, Liu B, Qin S. Radiation-induced intestinal damage: latest molecular and clinical developments. Future Oncol 2019; 15:4105-4118. [PMID: 31746639 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To systematically review the prophylactic and therapeutic interventions for reducing the incidence or severity of intestinal symptoms among cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Materials & methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database using various search terms, including 'radiation enteritis', 'radiation enteropathy', 'radiation-induced intestinal disease', 'radiation-induced intestinal damage' and 'radiation mucositis'. The search was limited to in vivo studies, clinical trials and meta-analyses published in English with no limitation on publication date. Other relevant literature was identified based on the reference lists of selected studies. Results: The pathogenesis of acute and chronic radiation-induced intestinal damage as well as the prevention and treatment approaches were reviewed. Conclusion: There is inadequate evidence to strongly support the use of a particular strategy to reduce radiation-induced intestinal damage. More high-quality randomized controlled trials are required for interventions with limited evidence suggestive of potential benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lu
- School of Nuclear Science & Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China.,School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology & Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Lihua Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Qiong Su
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Zhong Guo
- Medical College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Yongjuan Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Nuclear Science & Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China.,School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Song Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biology & Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.,Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
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50
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Cheema AK, Li Y, Girgis M, Jayatilake M, Simas M, Wise SY, Olabisi AO, Seed TM, Singh VK. Metabolomic studies in tissues of mice treated with amifostine and exposed to gamma-radiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15701. [PMID: 31666611 PMCID: PMC6821891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although multiple radioprotectors are currently being investigated preclinically for efficacy and safety, few studies have investigated concomitant metabolic changes. This study examines the effects of amifostine on the metabolic profiles in tissues of mice exposed to cobalt-60 total-body gamma-radiation. Global metabolomic and lipidomic changes were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) in bone marrow, jejunum, and lung samples of amifostine-treated and saline-treated control mice. Results demonstrate that radiation exposure leads to tissue specific metabolic responses that were corrected in part by treatment with amifostine in a drug-dose dependent manner. Bone marrow exhibited robust responses to radiation and was also highly responsive to protective effects of amifostine, while jejunum and lung showed only modest changes. Treatment with amifostine at 200 mg/kg prior to irradiation seemed to impart maximum survival benefit, while the lower dose of 50 mg/kg offered only limited survival benefit. These findings show that the administration of amifostine causes metabolic shifts that would provide an overall benefit to radiation injury and underscore the utility of metabolomics and lipidomics to determine the underlying physiological mechanisms involved in the radioprotective efficacy of amifostine. This approach may be helpful in identifying biomarkers for radioprotective efficacy of amifostine and other countermeasures under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita K Cheema
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yaoxiang Li
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Girgis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Meth Jayatilake
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Madison Simas
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Serices University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Serices University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen Y Wise
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Serices University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Serices University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ayodele O Olabisi
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Serices University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Vijay K Singh
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Serices University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Serices University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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