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Shukla S, Shrivastava D. Unraveling the Link Between Serum Homocysteine Levels and Nutrient Deficiency in Subfertility: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49296. [PMID: 38957192 PMCID: PMC11218609 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Subfertility, a prevalent and emotionally taxing condition affecting couples worldwide, has garnered increasing attention in reproductive health. While its etiology remains multifaceted, emerging research has explored the role of serum homocysteine levels and nutrient deficiencies in influencing subfertility. This comprehensive review synthesizes current knowledge, beginning with an introduction to subfertility and the significance of investigating serum homocysteine levels. It proceeds to elucidate the role of nutrient deficiencies, particularly folate and vitamin B12, in homocysteine metabolism and examines existing research linking homocysteine to subfertility. The review explores potential mechanisms underlying this relationship, addressing the variability in study findings and their contributing factors. Implications for clinical practice, including assessing serum homocysteine levels, nutritional interventions, and personalized medicine, are discussed. Moreover, the review underscores the importance of ongoing research. It offers a call to action for advancing our understanding of subfertility and improving the lives of individuals and couples navigating reproduction challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swasti Shukla
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Deepti Shrivastava
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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2
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Petit J, Carroll G, Zhao J, Roper E, Pockney P, Scott RJ. Evaluation of epigenetic methylation biomarkers for the detection of colorectal cancer using droplet digital PCR. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8883. [PMID: 37264006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Screening programs allow early diagnosis and have improved the clinical management of this disease. Aberrant DNA methylation is increasingly being explored as potential biomarkers for many types of cancers. In this study we investigate the methylation of ten target genes in 105 CRC and paired normal adjacent colonic tissue samples using a MethylLight droplet digital PCR (ML-ddPCR) assay. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the diagnostic performance of all target genes individually and in combination. All 515 different combinations of genes showed significantly higher levels of methylation in CRC tissue. The combination of multiple target genes into a single test generally resulted in greater diagnostic accuracy when compared to single target genes. Our data confirms that ML-ddPCR is able to reliably detect significant differences in DNA methylation between CRC tissue and normal adjacent colonic tissue in a specific selection of target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Petit
- Division of Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
| | - G Carroll
- Division of Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - J Zhao
- Division of Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - E Roper
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - P Pockney
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - R J Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Pathology North, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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3
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Endothelin-3 is epigenetically silenced in endometrioid endometrial cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04525-w. [PMID: 36542159 PMCID: PMC10356642 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04525-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Changes in the activity of endothelins and their receptors may promote neoplastic processes. They can be caused by epigenetic modifications and modulators, but little is known about endothelin-3 (EDN3), particularly in endometrial cancer. The aim of the study was to determine the expression profile of endothelin family and their interactions with miRNAs, and to assess the degree of EDN3 methylation.
Methods
The study enrolled 45 patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer and 30 patients without neoplastic changes. The expression profile of endothelins and their receptors was determined with mRNA microarrays and RT-qPCR. The miRNA prediction was based on the miRNA microarray experiment and the mirDB tool. The degree of EDN3 methylation was assessed by MSP.
Results
EDN1 and EDNRA were overexpressed regardless of endometrial cancer grade, which may be due to the lack of regulatory effect of miR-130a-3p and miR-485-3p, respectively. In addition, EDN3 and EDNRB were significantly downregulated.
Conclusion
The endothelial axis is disturbed in endometrioid endometrial cancer. The observed silencing of EDN3 activity may be mainly due to DNA methylation.
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Kryszczuk M, Kowalczuk O. Significance of NRF2 in physiological and pathological conditions an comprehensive review. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 730:109417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dunislawska A, Slawinska A, Siwek M, Bednarczyk M. Epigenetic changes in poultry due to reprogramming of the gut microbiota. Anim Front 2021; 11:74-82. [PMID: 34934532 PMCID: PMC8683152 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Dunislawska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Slawinska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maria Siwek
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek Bednarczyk
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Dunislawska A, Slawinska A, Gryzinska M, Siwek M. Interaction between early in ovo stimulation of the gut microbiota and chicken host - splenic changes in gene expression and methylation. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:73. [PMID: 34229755 PMCID: PMC8262062 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic regulation of the gene expression results from interaction between the external environment and transcription of the genetic information encoded in DNA. Methylated CpG regions within the gene promoters lead to silencing of the gene expression in most cases. Factors contributing to epigenetic regulation include intestinal microbiota, which in chicken can be potently modified by in ovo stimulation. The main aim of this study was to determine global and specific methylation patterns of the spleen under the influence of host-microbiome interaction. RESULTS Fertilized eggs of two genotypes: Ross 308 and Green-legged Partridgelike were in ovo stimulated on d 12 of incubation. The injected compounds were as follows: probiotic - Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris IBB477, prebiotic - galactooligosaccharides, and synbiotic - combination of both. Chickens were sacrificed on d 42 post-hatching. Spleen was collected, RNA and DNA were isolated and intended to gene expression, gene methylation and global methylation analysis. We have proved that negative regulation of gene expression after administration of bioactive substances in ovo might have epigenetic character. Epigenetic changes depend on the genotype and the substance administered in ovo. CONCLUSION Epigenetic nature of microbial reprogramming in poultry and extension of issues related to host-microbiome interaction is a new direction of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dunislawska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, 85-084, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - A Slawinska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, 85-084, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - M Gryzinska
- Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production, Sub-Department of General and Molecular Genetics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-032, Lublin, Poland
| | - M Siwek
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, 85-084, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Wang H, Wei C, Pan P, Yuan F, Cheng J. Identification of a methylomics-associated nomogram for predicting overall survival of stage I-II lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9938. [PMID: 33976305 PMCID: PMC8113535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to identify DNA methylation based biomarkers for predicting overall survival (OS) of stage I–II lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Methylation profile data of patients with stage I–II LUAD from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to determine methylation sites-based hallmark for stage I–II LUAD patients’ OS. The patients were separated into training and validation datasets by using median risk score as cutoff. Univariate Cox, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox analyses were employed to develop a DNA methylation signature for OS of patients with stage I–II LUAD. As a result, an 11-DNA methylation signature was determined to be critically associated with the OS of patients with stage I–II LUAD. Analysis of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) suggested a high prognostic effectiveness of the 11-DNA methylation signature in patients with stage I–II LUAD (AUC at 1, 3, 5 years in training set were (0.849, 0.879, 0.831, respectively), validation set (0.742, 0.807, 0.904, respectively), entire TCGA dataset (0.747, 0.818, 0.870, respectively). Kaplan–Meier survival analyses exhibited that survival was significantly longer in the low-risk cohort compared to the high-risk cohort in the training dataset (P = 7e − 07), in the validation dataset (P = 1e − 08), and in the all-cohort dataset (P = 6e − 14). In addition, a nomogram was developed based on molecular factor (methylation risk score) as well as clinical factors (age and cancer status) (AUC at 1, 3, 5 years entire TCGA dataset were 0.770, 0.849, 0.979, respectively). The result verified that our methylomics-associated nomogram had a strong robustness for predicting stage I–II LUAD patients’ OS. Furthermore, the nomogram combined clinical and molecular factors to determine an individualized probability of recurrence for patients with stage I–II LUAD, which stood for a major advance in the field of personalized medicine for pulmonary oncology. Collectively, we successfully identified a DNA methylation biomarker and a DNA methylation-based nomogram to predict the OS of patients with stage I–II LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated To Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Chuangye Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated To Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Peng Pan
- Department of Mood Disorders, Nankai University Affiliated Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Mental Health Teaching Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Fengfeng Yuan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated To Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Jiancheng Cheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated To Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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Singh M, Kumar V, Sehrawat N, Yadav M, Chaudhary M, Upadhyay SK, Kumar S, Sharma V, Kumar S, Dilbaghi N, Sharma AK. Current paradigms in epigenetic anticancer therapeutics and future challenges. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 83:422-440. [PMID: 33766649 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Any alteration at the genetic or epigenetic level, may result in multiplex of diseases including tumorigenesis which ultimately results in the cancer development. Restoration of the normal epigenome by reversing the epigenetic alterations have been reported in tumors paving the way for development of an effective epigenetic treatment in cancer. However, delineating various epigenetic events has been a challenging task so far despite substantial progress in understanding DNA methylation and histone modifications during transcription of genes. Many inhibitors in the form of epigenetic drugs mostly targeting chromatin and histone modifying enzymes including DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzyme inhibitors and a histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitor, have been in use subsequent to the approval by FDA for cancer treatment. Similarly, other inhibitory drugs, such as FK228, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and MS-275, have been successfully tested in clinical studies. Despite all these advancements, still we see a hazy view as far as a promising epigenetic anticancer therapy is concerned. The challenges are to have more specific and effective inhibitors with negligible side effects. Moreover, the alterations seen in tumors are not well understood for which one has to gain deeper insight into the tumor pathology as well. Current review focusses on such epigenetic alterations occurring in cancer and the effective strategies to utilize such alterations for potential therapeutic use and treatment in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Nirmala Sehrawat
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Mayank Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Sushil K Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Varruchi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College Sector-26, Chandigarh, UT, 160019, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Bio& Nanotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Neeraj Dilbaghi
- Department of Bio& Nanotechnology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Anil K Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India.
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Cruz-Carrillo G, Camacho-Morales A. Metabolic Flexibility Assists Reprograming of Central and Peripheral Innate Immunity During Neurodevelopment. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:703-718. [PMID: 33006752 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Central innate immunity assists time-dependent neurodevelopment by recruiting and interacting with peripheral immune cells. Microglia are the major player of central innate immunity integrating peripheral signals arising from the circumventricular regions lacking the blood-brain barrier (BBB), via neural afferent pathways such as the vagal nerve and also by choroid plexus into the brain ventricles. Defective and/or unrestrained activation of central and peripheral immunity during embryonic development might set an aberrant connectome establishment and brain function, leading to major psychiatric disorders in postnatal stages. Molecular candidates leading to central and peripheral innate immune overactivation identified metabolic substrates and lipid species as major contributors of immunological priming, supporting the role of a metabolic flexibility node during trained immunity. Mechanistically, trained immunity is established by an epigenetic program including DNA methylation and histone acetylation, as the major molecular epigenetic signatures to set immune phenotypes. By definition, immunological training sets reprogramming of innate immune cells, enhancing or repressing immune responses towards a second challenge which potentially might contribute to neurodevelopment disorders. Notably, the innate immune training might be set during pregnancy by maternal immune activation stimuli. In this review, we integrate the most valuable scientific evidence supporting the role of metabolic cues assisting metabolic flexibility, leading to innate immune training during development and its effects on aberrant neurological phenotypes in the offspring. We also add reports supporting the role of methylation and histone acetylation signatures as a major epigenetic mechanism regulating immune training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Cruz-Carrillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica. Facultad de Medicina,, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
- Neurometabolism Unit, Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico
| | - Alberto Camacho-Morales
- Departamento de Bioquímica. Facultad de Medicina,, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico.
- Neurometabolism Unit, Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, NL, Mexico.
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10
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Akpa CA, Kleo K, Oker E, Tomaszewski N, Messerschmidt C, López C, Wagener R, Oehl-Huber K, Dettmer K, Schoeler A, Lenze D, Oefner PJ, Beule D, Siebert R, Capper D, Dimitrova L, Hummel M. Acquired resistance to DZNep-mediated apoptosis is associated with copy number gains of AHCY in a B-cell lymphoma model. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:427. [PMID: 32408898 PMCID: PMC7227222 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is considered an important driver of tumor development and progression by its histone modifying capabilities. Inhibition of EZH2 activity is thought to be a potent treatment option for eligible cancer patients with an aberrant EZH2 expression profile, thus the indirect EZH2 inhibitor 3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) is currently under evaluation for its clinical utility. Although DZNep blocks proliferation and induces apoptosis in different tumor types including lymphomas, acquired resistance to DZNep may limit its clinical application. METHODS To investigate possible mechanisms of acquired DZNep resistance in B-cell lymphomas, we generated a DZNep-resistant clone from a previously DZNep-sensitive B-cell lymphoma cell line by long-term treatment with increasing concentrations of DZNep (ranging from 200 to 2000 nM) and compared the molecular profiles of resistant and wild-type clones. This comparison was done using molecular techniques such as flow cytometry, copy number variation assay (OncoScan and TaqMan assays), fluorescence in situ hybridization, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and metabolomics analysis. RESULTS Whole exome sequencing did not indicate the acquisition of biologically meaningful single nucleotide variants. Analysis of copy number alterations, however, demonstrated among other acquired imbalances an amplification (about 30 times) of the S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (AHCY) gene in the resistant clone. AHCY is a direct target of DZNep and is critically involved in the biological methylation process, where it catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine to L-homocysteine and adenosine. The amplification of the AHCY gene is paralleled by strong overexpression of AHCY at both the transcriptional and protein level, and persists upon culturing the resistant clone in a DZNep-free medium. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals one possible molecular mechanism how B-cell lymphomas can acquire resistance to DZNep, and proposes AHCY as a potential biomarker for investigation during the administration of EZH2-targeted therapy with DZNep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidimma Agatha Akpa
- Department of Experimental Hematopathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin School of Integrative Oncology, Charité - Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Karsten Kleo
- Department of Experimental Hematopathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Oker
- Department of Experimental Hematopathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nancy Tomaszewski
- Department of Experimental Hematopathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Cristina López
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rabea Wagener
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Oehl-Huber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katja Dettmer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anne Schoeler
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité, Medical University of Berlin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK); Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dido Lenze
- Department of Experimental Hematopathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter J Oefner
- Berlin School of Integrative Oncology, Charité - Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Beule
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - David Capper
- Berlin School of Integrative Oncology, Charité - Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité, Medical University of Berlin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-University Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK); Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lora Dimitrova
- Department of Experimental Hematopathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department of Experimental Hematopathology, Institute of Pathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Integrative Oncology, Charité - Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Guan R, Guo W, Hong W, Lin Y, Zou X, Shi N, Yang D, Zhou Y, Jian Z, Jin H, Lin W, Yu M. Identification of Aberrantly Methylated Differentially CpG Sites in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Their Association With Patient Survival. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1031. [PMID: 32793465 PMCID: PMC7390903 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify aberrantly methylated differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs) and investigate their prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 2,404 DMCs were selected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and validated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The TCGA cohort was divided into a training cohort and a validating cohort. First, the prognostic model based on six DMCs, including cg08351331, cg02910574, cg09947274, cg17589341, cg24652919, and cg26545968, was constructed based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression Cox analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) of the DMC-based model was 0.765 in the training cohort and 0.734 in the validating cohort. The accuracy of a model combining the DMC signature and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, with an AUC of 0.795, was better than that of the DMCs or AJCC stage alone. Second, further analysis revealed that the methylation rate of cg08351331 was negatively associated with the expression of its relative gene, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). Besides, the gene expression of LBP was significantly associated with poor overall survival in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Finally, these findings were confirmed by GSE57956 data and our own cohort. In conclusion, we established an accurate DMC-based prognostic model that could be combined with AJCC stage to improve the accuracy of prognostic prediction in HCC. Moreover, our preliminary data indicate that LBP may be a new key factor in HBV-induced HCC initiation through the regulation of its methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renguo Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Hong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongfeng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haosheng Jin
| | - Weidong Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
- Weidong Lin
| | - Min Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Min Yu
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12
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A Novel Prognostic DNA Methylation Panel for Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194672. [PMID: 31547144 PMCID: PMC6801964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Discrepancies in clinical outcomes are observed even among patients with same-stage CRC due to molecular heterogeneity. Thus, biomarkers for predicting prognosis in CRC patients are urgently needed. We previously demonstrated that stage II CRC patients with NKX6.1 methylation had poor 5-year overall survival. However, the methylation frequency of NKX6.1 was only 23% in 151 pairs of CRC tissues. Thus, we aimed to develop a more robust prognostic panel for CRC using NKX6.1 in combination with three genes: LIM homeobox transcription factor 1α (LMX1A), sex-determining region Y-box 1 (SOX1), and zinc finger protein 177 (ZNF177). Through quantitative methylation analysis, we found that LMX1A, SOX1, and ZNF177 were hypermethylated in CRC tissues. LMX1A methylation was significantly associated with poor 5-year overall, and disease-free survivals in stage I and II CRC patients. Sensitivity and specificity analyses of the four-gene combination revealed the best sensitivity and optimal specificity. Moreover, patients with the four-gene methylation profile exhibited poorer disease-free survival than those without methylation. A significant effect of the four-gene methylation status on overall survival and disease-free survival was observed in early stage I and II CRC patients (p = 0.0016 and p = 0.0230, respectively). Taken together, these results demonstrate that the combination of the methylation statuses of NKX6.1, LMX1A, SOX1, and ZNF177 creates a novel prognostic panel that could be considered a molecular marker for outcomes in CRC patients.
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Jing W, Song N, Liu YP, Qu XJ, Qi YF, Li C, Hou KZ, Che XF, Yang XH. DNMT3a promotes proliferation by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway and depressing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6379-6396. [PMID: 31372043 PMCID: PMC6635825 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s201610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although aberrant DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) expression is important to the tumorigenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the role of DNMT3a in PDAC prognosis is not clarified yet due to the limited studies and lacking of underlying molecular mechanism. Methods The expression of DNMT3a was examined by immunohistochemistry in PDAC tissues. Gene expression profiles assays were conducted to explore the impact of DNMT3a on biological processes and signal pathways. Cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. Western blotting and real-time qPCR assays were used to explore the impact of DNMT3a on expression of protein and mRNA related to cell cycle, STAT3 signaling pathway and apoptosis. Results DNMT3a was overexpressed and closely associated with poor outcomes of PDAC. DNMT3a knockdown restrained PDAC cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis in vitro. Affymetrix GeneChip Human Transcriptome Array identified that the cell cycle-related process was most significantly associated with DNMT3a. DNMT3a knockdown induced G1-S phase transition arrest by decreasing the expression of cyclin D1, which was mediated by the reduction of IL8 and the subsequent inactivation of STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, exogenous apoptosis was also promoted after DNMT3a knockdown, probably via up-regulation of DNA transcription and expression in CASP8. Conclusion These findings indicate that DNMT3a plays an important role in PDAC progression. DNMT3a may serve as a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic strategy candidate in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jing
- The First Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Peng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Juan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fei Qi
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Zuo Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fang Che
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drugs and Biotherapy of Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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The potential of retinoids for combination therapy of lung cancer: Updates and future directions. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104331. [PMID: 31254665 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer-related death worldwide. Natural compounds have shown high biological and pharmaceutical relevance as anticancer agents. Retinoids are natural derivatives of vitamin A having many regulatory functions in the human body, including vision, cellular proliferation and differentiation, and activation of tumour suppressor genes. Retinoic acid (RA) is a highly active retinoid isoform with promising anti-lung cancer activity. The abnormal expression of retinoid receptors is associated with loss of anticancer activities and acquired resistance to RA in lung cancer. The preclinical promise has not translated to the general clinical utility of retinoids for lung cancer patients, especially those with a history of smoking. Newer retinoid nano-formulations and the combinatorial use of retinoids has been associated with lower toxicity and more favorably efficacy in both the preclinical and clinical settings. Here, we highlight epidemiological and clinical therapeutic studies involving retinoids and lung cancer. We also discuss the biological actions of retinoids in lung cancer, which include effects on cancer stem cell differentiation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and proliferative. We suggest that the use of retinoids in combination with conventional and targeted anticancer agents will broaden the utility of these potent anticancer compounds in the lung cancer clinic.
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Association of Folate and Vitamins Involved in the 1-Carbon Cycle with Polymorphisms in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene (MTHFR) and Global DNA Methylation in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061368. [PMID: 31216671 PMCID: PMC6627304 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Folate, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, choline, and betaine are nutrients involved in the 1-carbon cycle that can alter the levels of DNA methylation and influence genesis and/or tumor progression. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association of folate and vitamins involved in the 1-carbon cycle and MTHFR polymorphisms in global DNA methylation in patients with colorectal cancer gene. The study included 189 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma answering a clinical evaluation questionnaire and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) validated for patients with colon and rectal cancer. Blood samples were collected for evaluation of MTHFR gene polymorphisms in global DNA methylation in blood and in tumor. The values for serum folate were positively correlated with the equivalent total dietary folate (total DFE) (rho = 0.51, p = 0.03) and global DNA methylation (rho = 0.20, p = 0.03). Individuals aged over 61 years (p = 0.01) in clinicopathological staging III and IV (p = 0.01) and with + heterozygous mutated homozygous genotypes for the MTHFR A1298C gene had higher levels of global DNA methylation (p = 0.04). The association between dietary intake of folate, serum folate, and tumor stage were predictive of global DNA methylation in patients’ blood. The levels of serum folate, the dietary folate and the status of DNA methylation can influence clinicopathological staging.
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Kang HW, Park H, Seo SP, Byun YJ, Piao XM, Kim SM, Kim WT, Yun SJ, Jang W, Shon HS, Ryu KH, Lee SC, Kim WJ, Kim YJ. Methylation Signature for Prediction of Progression Free Survival in Surgically Treated Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e144. [PMID: 31099194 PMCID: PMC6522894 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about epigenetic silencing of genes by promoter hypermethylation in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this study was to identify prognostic methylation markers in surgically treated clear cell RCC (ccRCC). METHODS Methylation patterns were assayed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array on pairs of ccRCC and normal tissue from 12 patients. Using quantitative PSQ analysis, tumor-specific hypermethylated genes were validated in 25 independent cohorts and their clinical relevance was also verified in 152 independent cohorts. RESULTS Using genome-wide methylation array, Zinc finger protein 278 (ZNF278), Family with sequence similarity 155 member A (FAM155A) and Dipeptidyl peptidase 6 (DPP6) were selected for tumor-specific hypermethylated genes in primary ccRCC. The promoter methylation of these genes occurred more frequently in ccRCC than normal kidney in independent validation cohort. The hypermethylation of three genes were associated with advanced tumor stage and high grade tumor in ccRCC. During median follow-up of 39.2 (interquartile range, 15.4-79.1) months, 22 (14.5%) patients experienced distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis identified the methylation status of these three genes, either alone, or in a combined risk score as an independent predictor of distant metastasis. CONCLUSION The promoter methylation of ZNF278, FAM155A and DPP6 genes are associated with aggressive tumor phenotype and early development of distant metastasis in patients with surgically treated ccRCC. These potential methylation markers, either alone, or in combination, could provide novel targets for development of individualized therapeutic and prevention regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | | | - Sung Pil Seo
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young Joon Byun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Xuan Mei Piao
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wooyeong Jang
- Clinical Genomics Analysis Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ho Sun Shon
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Keun Ho Ryu
- Department of Computer Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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Coban N, Varol N. The effect of heat shock protein 90 inhibitors on histone 4 lysine 20 methylation in bladder cancer. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:195-203. [PMID: 31217782 PMCID: PMC6558511 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone required for the stability and function of numerous oncogenic signaling, is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Recent years, the studies showed that HSP90 plays a pivotal role in epigenetic pathways. Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the etiology of bladder cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of HSP90 proteins on DNA methylation and the levels of inactivated histone methylation markers in bladder cancers. The cytotoxic effect of geldanamycin (GA), a HSP90-specific inhibitor, in human bladder cancer cell line, T24, was studied by using WST1 (both time and dose-dependent), qPCR for the expression aberration of target genes DNMT1 and WIF-1 and western blot for the protein levels of DNMT1, Histone H4, Histone 4 lysine monomethylation (H4K20me1), Histone 4 lysine trimethylation (H4K20me3), Akt1, pAkt1 (S473) and Lysine methyltransferase 5C (KMT5C). High-dose GA treatment decreased cell proliferation. After the GA treatment, DNMT1 decreased at both transcriptional and translational levels due to Akt1 and pAkt1 (S473) inhibition. Following the GA-induced decrease in DNMT1, re-expression of WIF-1 gene was found at mRNA. In addition, the GA treatment resulted in dose- and time-dependent upregulation/downregulation of histone post-translational modifications (H4K20me1 and H4K20me3) and the KMT5C enzyme responsible for these modifications. There was no significant change in the H4 protein level. These findings may offer a new approach for the determination of the molecular effect of HSP90 on epigenetic regulation and the identification of new molecular targets (HSP90 client proteins) for bladder cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuran Coban
- Kocatepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Nuray Varol
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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18
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Zhang J, Zheng ZQ, Yuan YW, Zhang PP, Li YQ, Wang YQ, Tang XR, Wen X, Hong XH, Lei Y, He QM, Yang XJ, Sun Y, Ma J, Liu N. NFAT1 Hypermethylation Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Activating ITGA6 Transcription. Neoplasia 2019; 21:311-321. [PMID: 30772768 PMCID: PMC6378632 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic change in carcinogenesis. However, the function and mechanism of DNA methylation dysregulation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still largely unclear. Our previous genome-wide microarray data showed that NFAT1 is one of the most hypermethylated transcription factor genes in NPC tissues. Here, we found that NFAT1 hypermethylation contributes to its down-regulation in NPC. NFAT1 overexpression inhibited cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. We further established that the tumor suppressor effect of NFAT1 is mediated by its inactivation of ITGA6 transcription. Our findings suggest the significance of activating NFAT1/ITGA6 signaling in aggressive NPC, defining a novel critical signaling mechanism that drives NPC invasion and metastasis and providing a novel target for future personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Zi-Qi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Ya-Wei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Ying-Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Ya-Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Xin-Ran Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Xin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Yuan Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Qing-Mei He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China.
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Ghavifekr Fakhr M, Rezaie Kahkhaie K, Shanehbandi D, Farshdousti Hagh M, Zarredar H, Safarzadeh E, Abdolrahimi Vind M, Baradaran B. Scrophularia Atropatana Extract Reverses TP53 Gene Promoter Hypermethylation and Decreases Survivin Antiapoptotic Gene Expression in Breast Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2599-2605. [PMID: 30256066 PMCID: PMC6249477 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.9.2599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In many cases of breast cancer, the aberrant methylation of TP53 gene leads to uncontrolled cell
proliferation and apoptosis inhibition. Moreover, expression of oncogenes which are under the control of P53 protein
could be altered. Survivin as a conspicuous example of this category plays important roles in tumorigenesis, drug
resistance and apoptosis inhibition. The present study was done to reveal the effects of Scrophularia atropatana extract
on epigenetic situation of TP53 gene promoter and the expression levels of anti-apoptotic gene, survivin and its potential
for production of cancer epi-drugs. Methods: Cytotoxic effect of dichloromethane extracts of Scrophularia plant on
MCF-7 cell line was assessed in our previous study. Cell death ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and
TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) tests were used to investigate the occurrence of
apoptosis in the treated cells. Methylation Specific PCR (MSP) was employed to assess the changes in methylation
status of the TP53 gene promoter. Furthermore, quantitative real time PCR was utilized to evaluate the resulting changes
in TP53 and survivin genes expression. Results: Cell death ELISA and TUNEL assays confirmed the occurrence of
apoptosis. MSP test revealed a significant change in the methylation status of TP53 promoter. QRT-PCR showed
an increased TP53 gene expression in the treated cells while a significant decrease in survivin mRNA was evident.
Conclusions: According to the outcomes, dichloromethane extract of S. atropatana returned the TP53 gene promoter
hypermethylation to normal state. This plant could be a promising source for production of epi-drugs due to its apoptotic
effects and reversal of TP53 epigenetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Ghavifekr Fakhr
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee,Zabol University of Medical Science, Zabol, Iran.
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Nikbakht Dastjerdi M, Azarnezhad A, Hashemibeni B, Salehi M, Kazemi M, Babazadeh Z. An Effective Concentration of 5-Aza-CdR to Induce Cell Death and Apoptosis in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line through Reactivating RASSF1A and Up-Regulation of Bax Genes. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 43:533-540. [PMID: 30214106 PMCID: PMC6123548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoter hyper-methylation of tumor suppressor genes is a common event that occurs in cancer. As methylation is a reversible modification, agents capable of reversing an abnormal methylation status should help to combat cancer. 5-Aza-CdR is a DNA methyl-transferase inhibitor. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of 5-Aza-CdR on the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1) and the expression of RASSF1A and Bax genes. METHODS PANC-1 cells were cultured and treated with 5 and 10 µM/L of 5-Aza-CdR for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours and the percentages of cell viability and apoptosis were measured by MTT and flow cytometry. RASSF1A gene promoter methylation was assessed by methyl-specific primer-PCR (MSP-PCR) and the expression of RASSF1A and Bax genes was measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). All quantitative data are presented as mean±SD (standard deviation). The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the LSD post hoc test was performed for statistical analysis using the SPSS software package, version 16.0. RESULTS 3-[4,5-dimethythiaziazol-2yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbr omide (MTT) assay revealed that 5-Aza-CdR significantly inhibit the growth and proliferation of PANC-1. The flow cytometry results showed over 40% and 70% of early and late apoptotic cells after treatment with 5 and 10 µm/L of 5-Aza-CdR, respectively. MSP-PCR data indicated that the treatment of cells with 10 µm/L 5-Aza-CdR resulted in partial demethylation of RASSF1A gene promoter. qPCR results showed significant re-expression of RASSF1A and up-regulation of Bax genes after 96 hours treatment of cells with 10 µm/L 5-Aza-CdR versus control cells (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The result demonstrated that 5 and 10 µM of 5-Aza-CdR induce cell death and apoptosis by epigenetic reactivation of RASSF1A and up-regulation of Bax genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Nikbakht Dastjerdi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
| | - Asaad Azarnezhad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran;
,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Batool Hashemibeni
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
| | - Mansour Salehi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Iran;
| | - Zahra Babazadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of MedicalSciences, Babol, Iran
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Fardi M, Solali S, Farshdousti Hagh M. Epigenetic mechanisms as a new approach in cancer treatment: An updated review. Genes Dis 2018; 5:304-311. [PMID: 30591931 PMCID: PMC6303480 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic, along with genetic mechanisms, is essential for natural evolution and maintenance of specific patterns of gene expression in mammalians. Global epigenetic variation is inherited somatically and unlike genetic variation, it is dynamic and reversible. They are somatically associated with known genetic variations. Recent studies indicate the broad role of epigenetic mechanisms in the initiation and development of cancers, that they are including DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosomes changes, non-coding RNAs. The reversible nature of epigenetic changes has led to the emergence of novel epigenetic therapeutic approaches, so that several types of these medications have been approved by the FDA so far. In this review, we discuss the concept of epigenetic changes in diseases, especially cancers, the role of these changes in the onset and progression of cancers and the potential of using this knowledge in designing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Fardi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Solali
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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Targeting Protein Quality Control Mechanisms by Natural Products to Promote Healthy Ageing. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051219. [PMID: 29783751 PMCID: PMC6100286 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal ageing is associated with increased chance of morbidity or mortality and it is driven by diverse molecular pathways that are affected by both environmental and genetic factors. The progression of ageing correlates with the gradual accumulation of stressors and damaged biomolecules due to the time-dependent decline of stress resistance and functional capacity, which eventually compromise cellular homeodynamics. As protein machines carry out the majority of cellular functions, proteome quality control is critical for cellular functionality and is carried out through the curating activity of the proteostasis network (PN). Key components of the PN are the two main degradation machineries, namely the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome pathways along with several stress-responsive pathways, such as that of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which mobilises cytoprotective genomic responses against oxidative and/or xenobiotic damage. Reportedly, genetic or dietary interventions that activate components of the PN delay ageing in evolutionarily diverse organisms. Natural products (extracts or pure compounds) represent an extraordinary inventory of highly diverse structural scaffolds that offer promising activities towards meeting the challenge of increasing healthspan and/or delaying ageing (e.g., spermidine, quercetin or sulforaphane). Herein, we review those natural compounds that have been found to activate proteostatic and/or anti-stress cellular responses and hence have the potential to delay cellular senescence and/or in vivo ageing.
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Association between Retinoic acid receptor-β hypermethylation and NSCLC risk: a meta-analysis and literature review. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5814-5822. [PMID: 28008143 PMCID: PMC5351591 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that Retinoic acid receptor-β (RARβ) is a tumor suppressor in many types of tumor. However, whether or not RARβ is a risk factor and is correlated to clinicopathological characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In this report, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the effects of RARβ hypermethylation on the incidence of NSCLC and clinicopathological characteristics in human NSCLC patients. Final valuation and analysis of 1780 cancer patients from 16 eligible studies was performed. RARβ hypermethylation was found to be significantly higher in NSCLC than in normal lung tissue, the pooled OR from 7 studies including 646 NSCLC and 580 normal lung tissues, OR = 6.05, 95% CI = 3.56-10.25, p<0.00001. RARβ hypermethylation was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma (AC) compared to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), pooled OR is 0.68 (95% CI = 0.52-0.89, p = 0.005). RARβ hypermethylation was also found to occur significantly higher in smoker (n = 232) than non-smoker (n = 213) (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.54-3.93, p = 0.0002). Our results indicate that RARβ hypermethylation correlates well with an increased risk in NSCLC patients. RARβ geneinactivation caused by RARβ methylation contributes the NSCLC tumorigenesis and may serve as a potential risk factor, diagnostic marker and drug target of NSCLC.
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Chen L, Wang Y, Liu F, Xu L, Peng F, Zhao N, Fu B, Zhu Z, Shi Y, Liu J, Wu R, Wang C, Yao S, Li Y. A systematic review and meta-analysis: Association between MGMT hypermethylation and the clinicopathological characteristics of non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1439. [PMID: 29362385 PMCID: PMC5780517 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19949-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation and clinicopathological characteristics of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) has remained controversial and unclear. Therefore, in this study we have undertaken a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies to quantitatively investigate this association. We identified 30 eligible studies investigating 2714 NSCLC patients. The relationship between MGMT hypermethylation and NSCLC was identified based on 20 studies, including 1539 NSCLC patient tissue and 1052 normal and adjacent tissue samples (OR = 4.60, 95% CI = 3.46~6.11, p < 0.00001). MGMT methylation varied with ethnicity (caucasian: OR = 4.56, 95% CI = 2.63~7.92, p < 0.00001; asian: OR = 5.18, 95% CI = 2.03~13.22, p = 0.0006) and control style (autologous: OR = 4.44, 95% CI = 3.32~5.92, p < 0.00001; heterogeneous: OR = 9.05, 95% CI = 1.79~45.71, p = 0.008). In addition, MGMT methylation was observed to be specifically associated with NSCLC clinical stage, and not with age, sex, smoking, pathological types, and differentiation status. Also MGMT methylation did not impact NSCLC patients survival (HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.77~2.28, p = 0.31). Our study provided clear evidence about the association of MGMT hypermethylation with increased risk of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Internal Neurology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou People's Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou People's Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchan, Jiangxi, 330000, China
| | - Liyao Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchan, Jiangxi, 330000, China
| | - Feifei Peng
- Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchan, Jiangxi, 330000, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchan, Jiangxi, 330000, China
| | - Biqi Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchan, Jiangxi, 330000, China
| | - Zijie Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchan, Jiangxi, 330000, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchan, Jiangxi, 330000, China
| | - Jiansheng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou People's Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Renrui Wu
- Department of Internal Neurology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou People's Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Internal Neurology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou People's Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Shengmin Yao
- Department of Internal Neurology, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou People's Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchan, Jiangxi, 330000, China.
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He K, Zhang L, Long X. Quantitative assessment of the association between APC promoter methylation and breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:37920-37930. [PMID: 27191268 PMCID: PMC5122360 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is an important tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer. However, there were inconsistent conclusions in the association between APC promoter methylation and breast cancer. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the clinicopathological significance and diagnosis role of APC methylation in breast cancer. In total, 3172 samples from 29 studies were performed in this study. The odds ratio (OR) of APC methylation was 5.92 (95% CI = 3.16–11.07) in breast cancer cases compared to controls,. The APC promoter methylation was associated with cancer stage (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.28–0.80, P = 0.006), lymph node metastases (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.36–0.84, P = 0.005) and ER status (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.03–1.73, P = 0.003) in breast cancer. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity for all included studies were 0.444 (95% CI: 0.321–0.575, P < 0.0001) and 0.976 (95% CI: 0.916–0.993, P < 0.0001), respectively. These results suggested that APC promoter methylation was associated with breast cancer risk, and it could be a valuable biomarker for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keli He
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, 415003, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinghua Long
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Qiao B, Zhang Z, Li Y. Association of MGMT promoter methylation with tumorigenesis features in patients with ovarian cancer: A systematic meta-analysis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 6:69-76. [PMID: 29195029 PMCID: PMC5823672 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The MGMT is a key tumor suppressor gene and aberrant promoter methylation has been reported in many cancers. However, the relationship between MGMT promoter methylation and ovarian cancer remains controversial. This meta‐analysis was first conducted to estimate the clinical significance of MGMT promoter methylation in ovarian carcinoma. Methods Literature search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, EBSCO and Cochrane Library databases. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were summarized. Results Final 10 studies with 910 ovarian tissue samples were included in this meta‐analysis. MGMT promoter methylation was significantly higher in ovarian cancer than in normal ovarian tissues (OR = 4.13, 95% CI = 2.32–7.33, p < .001). The MGMT had a similar methylation status in cancer versus benign lesions and low malignant potential (LMP) samples (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 0.67–6.04, p = .212; OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.46–4.40, p = .543; respectively). MGMT promoter methylation was correlated with pathological types in which it was significantly lower in serous cancer than in nonserous cancer (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.14–0.59, p = .001). The methylation of the MGMT promoter was not associated with clinical stage and tumor grade (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 0.71–3.02, p = .301; OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.51–2.46, p = .767; respectively). Conclusions MGMT promoter methylation may be correlated with the tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer. It was associated with tumor histotypes, but not correlated with clinical stage and tumor grade. More prospective studies with lager sample sizes are necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoli Qiao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Wang H, Cui M, Zhang S, He J, Song L, Chen Y. Relationship between RAS Association Domain Family Protein 1A Promoter Methylation and the Clinicopathological Characteristics in Patients with Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Meta-Analysis. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2017; 83:349-357. [PMID: 29130987 DOI: 10.1159/000484245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between RAS association domain family protein 1A (RASSF1A) promoter methylation and the clinical features, and the survival of ovarian cancer patients. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library databases. The overall ORs with their 95% CIs were calculated in this meta-analysis. RESULTS Finally 17 relevant publications with 1,108 ovarian cancer samples were available for the current meta-analysis. RASSF1A promoter methylation had a significantly higher level in ovarian cancer than in low malignant potential (LMP) tumors. No significant relationship was observed between RASSF1A promoter methylation and the clinicopathological characteristics in ovarian cancer. Two studies reported that RASSF1A promoter methylation was not correlated with the survival of patients with ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the use of RASSF1A promoter methylation could distinguish ovarian cancer and LMP tumors. -RASSF1A promoter methylation may not be correlated with the clinical features and the survival of ovarian cancer patients. More studies with large sample sizes are essential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Manhua Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuangli Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 307 Hospital of the people's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
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Elvir L, Duclot F, Wang Z, Kabbaj M. Epigenetic regulation of motivated behaviors by histone deacetylase inhibitors. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 105:305-317. [PMID: 29020607 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence has begun to elucidate the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms in the modulation and maintenance of gene expression and behavior. Histone acetylation is one such epigenetic mechanism, which has been shown to profoundly alter gene expression and behaviors. In this review, we begin with an overview of the major epigenetic mechanisms including histones acetylation. We next focus on recent evidence about the influence of environmental stimuli on various motivated behaviors through histone acetylation and highlight how histone deacetylase inhibitors can correct some of the pathologies linked to motivated behaviors including substance abuse, feeding and social attachments. Particularly, we emphasize that the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on motivated behaviors are time and context-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Elvir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA; Program of Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA
| | - Florian Duclot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA; Program of Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA
| | - Zuoxin Wang
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA; Program of Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA
| | - Mohamed Kabbaj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA; Program of Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA.
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Shen C, Sheng Q, Zhang X, Fu Y, Zhu K. Hypermethylated APC in serous carcinoma based on a meta-analysis of ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2016; 9:60. [PMID: 27670526 PMCID: PMC5037906 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-016-0271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reduced expression of the Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, a tumor suppressor gene, through promoter hypermethylation has been reported to play a key role in the carcinogenesis. However, the correlation between APC promoter hypermethylation and ovarian cancer (OC) remains to be clarified. Methods A comprehensive literature search was carried out in related research databases. The overall odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the effects of APC promoter hypermethylation on OC and clinicopathological characteristics. Results Ultimately, 12 eligible studies were used in our study, including 806 OC samples, 429 normal controls, 109 benign lesions and 75 LMP samples. The pooled OR showed that APC promoter hypermethylation was significantly higher in OC than in normal and benign controls (OR = 6.18 and OR = 3.26, respectively). No significant correlation was observed between OC and low malignant potential (LMP) tumors (P = 0.436). In the comparison of OC and normal controls, subgroup analysis based on race showed that the overall OR of APC promoter hypermethylation was significant and similar in Asians and Caucasians (OR = 8.34 and OR = 5.39, respectively). A subgroup analysis based on sample type found that the pooled OR was significantly higher in blood than in tissue (OR = 18.71 and OR = 5.74, respectively). A significant association was not observed between APC promoter hypermethylation and tumor grade or tumor stage. The pooled OR indicated that APC promoter hypermethylation was significantly lower in serous carcinoma than in non-serous carcinoma (OR = 0.56, P = 0.02). No obvious publication bias was detected by Egger’s test (all P > 0.05). Conclusions APC promoter hypermethylation may be linked to the increased risk of OC. It was associated with histological type, but not with tumor grade or tumor stage. Moreover, hypermethylated APC may be a noninvasive biomarker using blood samples. Future studies are required to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Shen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The No. 2 Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qifang Sheng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The No. 2 Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The No. 2 Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuling Fu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The No. 2 Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kemiao Zhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The No. 2 Hospital of Yinzhou, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
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Chen F, Huang T, Ren Y, Wei J, Lou Z, Wang X, Fan X, Chen Y, Weng G, Yao X. Clinical significance of CDH13 promoter methylation as a biomarker for bladder cancer: a meta-analysis. BMC Urol 2016; 16:52. [PMID: 27578166 PMCID: PMC5004266 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-016-0171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methylation of the tumor suppressor gene H-cadherin (CDH13) has been reported in many cancers. However, the clinical effect of the CDH13 methylation status of patients with bladder cancer remains to be clarified. Methods A systematic literature search was performed to identify eligible studies in the PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, CKNI and Wanfang databases. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) was calculated and summarized. Results Nine eligible studies were included in the present meta-analysis consisting of a total of 1017 bladder cancer patients and 265 non-tumor controls. A significant association was found between CDH13 methylation levels and bladder cancer (OR = 21.71, P < 0.001). The results of subgroup analyses based on sample type suggested that CDH13 methylation was significantly associated with bladder cancer risk in both the tissue and the urine (OR = 53.94, P < 0.001; OR = 7.71, P < 0.001; respectively). A subgroup analysis based on ethnic population showed that the OR value of methylated CDH13 was higher in Asians than in Caucasians (OR = 35.18, P < 0.001; OR = 8.86, P < 0.001; respectively). The relationships between CDH13 methylation and clinicopathological features were also analyzed. A significant association was not observed between CDH13 methylation status and gender (P = 0.053). Our results revealed that CDH13 methylation was significantly associated with high-grade bladder cancer, multiple bladder cancer and muscle invasive bladder cancer (OR = 2.22, P < 0.001; OR = 1.45, P = 0.032; OR = 3.42, P < 0.001; respectively). Conclusion Our study indicates that CDH13 methylation may play an important role in the carcinogenesis, development and progression of bladder cancer. In addition, CDH13 methylation has the potential to be a useful biomarker for bladder cancer screening in urine samples and to be a prognostic biomarker in the clinic. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12894-016-0171-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjun Wei
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongguan Lou
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yirun Chen
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guobin Weng
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuping Yao
- Laboratory of Kidney Carcinoma, Ningbo urology & Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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Wu X, Wu G, Yao X, Hou G, Jiang F. The clinicopathological significance and ethnic difference of FHIT hypermethylation in non-small-cell lung carcinoma: a meta-analysis and literature review. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:699-709. [PMID: 26929601 PMCID: PMC4760666 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s85253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that FHIT is a candidate tumor suppressor in many types of tumors including non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). However, the prognostic value and correlation between FHIT hypermethylation and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC remains unclear. In this report, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of FHIT hypermethylation on the incidence of NSCLC and clinicopathological characteristics of human NSCLC patients. Final analysis of 1,801 NSCLC patients from 18 eligible studies was performed. FHIT hypermethylation was found to be significantly higher in NSCLC than in normal lung tissue. The pooled odds ratio (OR) from ten studies included 819 NSCLC and 792 normal lung tissues (OR =7.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] =2.98-18.91, P<0.0001). Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity implied that FHIT hypermethylation level was higher in NSCLC tissues than in normal tissues in both Caucasians (P=0.02) and Asians (P<0.0001), indicating that the difference in Asians was much more significant. FHIT hypermethylation was also correlated with sex status, smoking status, as well as pathological types. In addition, patients with FHIT hypermethylation had a lower survival rate than those without (hazard ratio =1.73, 95% CI =1.10-2.71, P=0.02). The results of this meta-analysis suggest that FHIT hypermethylation is associated with an increased risk and poor survival in NSCLC patients. FHIT hypermethylation, which induces the inactivation of FHIT gene, plays an important role in the carcinogenesis and clinical outcome and may serve as a potential diagnostic marker and drug target of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guannan Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuequan Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Hou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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A genome-wide search for epigenetically [corrected] regulated genes in zebra finch using MethylCap-seq and RNA-seq. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20957. [PMID: 26864856 PMCID: PMC4750092 DOI: 10.1038/srep20957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Learning and memory formation are known to require dynamic CpG (de)methylation and gene expression changes. Here, we aimed at establishing a genome-wide DNA methylation map of the zebra finch genome, a model organism in neuroscience, as well as identifying putatively epigenetically regulated genes. RNA- and MethylCap-seq experiments were performed on two zebra finch cell lines in presence or absence of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine induced demethylation. First, the MethylCap-seq methodology was validated in zebra finch by comparison with RRBS-generated data. To assess the influence of (variable) methylation on gene expression, RNA-seq experiments were performed as well. Comparison of RNA-seq and MethylCap-seq results showed that at least 357 of the 3,457 AZA-upregulated genes are putatively regulated by methylation in the promoter region, for which a pathway analysis showed remarkable enrichment for neurological networks. A subset of genes was validated using Exon Arrays, quantitative RT-PCR and CpG pyrosequencing on bisulfite-treated samples. To our knowledge, this study provides the first genome-wide DNA methylation map of the zebra finch genome as well as a comprehensive set of genes of which transcription is under putative methylation control.
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Role of Epigenetics in Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation: Implications for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17020199. [PMID: 26848657 PMCID: PMC4783933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objectives of this review are to survey the current literature on the role of epigenetics in determining the fate of stem cells and to assess how this information can be used to enhance the treatment strategies for some neurodegenerative disorders, like Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Some of these epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone modifications, which have a direct impact on the way that genes are expressed in stem cells and how they drive these cells into a mature lineage. Understanding how the stem cells are behaving and giving rise to mature cells can be used to inform researchers on effective ways to design stem cell-based treatments. In this review article, the way in which the basic understanding of how manipulating this process can be utilized to treat certain neurological diseases will be presented. Different genetic factors and their epigenetic changes during reprogramming of stem cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have significant potential for enhancing the efficacy of cell replacement therapies.
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The clinicopathological significance of FHIT hypermethylation in non-small cell lung cancer, a meta-analysis and literature review. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19303. [PMID: 26796853 PMCID: PMC4726317 DOI: 10.1038/srep19303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that FHIT is a candidate tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the correlation between FHIT hypermethylation and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC remains unclear. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effects of FHIT hypermethylation on the incidence of NSCLC and clinicopathological characteristics. Final analysis of 1717 NSCLC patients from 16 eligible studies was performed. FHIT hypermethylation was found to be significantly higher in NSCLC than in normal lung tissue, the pooled OR from 8 studies including 735 NSCLC and 708 normal lung tissue, OR = 5.45, 95% CI = 2.15-13.79, p = 0.0003. FHIT hypermethylation was also correlated with sex status, smoking status, as well as pathological types. We did not find that FHIT hypermethylation was correlated with the differentiated types or clinical stages in NSCLC patients. However, patients with FHIT hypermethylation had a lower survival rate than those without, HR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.10-2.71, p = 0.02. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that FHIT hypermethylation is associated with an increased risk and worsen survival in NSCLC patients. FHIT hypermethylation, which induces the inactivation of FHIT gene, plays an important role in the carcinogenesis and clinical outcome and may serve as a potential drug target of NSCLC.
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Huang R, Ding P, Yang F. Clinicopathological significance and potential drug target of CDH1 in breast cancer: a meta-analysis and literature review. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:5277-85. [PMID: 26425077 PMCID: PMC4583122 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s86929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CDH1, as a tumor suppressor gene, contributes sporadic breast cancer (BC) progression. However, the association between CDH1 hypermethylation and BC, and its clinicopathological significance remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between the CDH1 methylation profile and the major clinicopathological features. A detailed literature was searched through the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science™, and EMBASE™ for related research publications. The data were extracted and assessed by two reviewers independently. Odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and summarized respectively. The frequency of CDH1 methylation was significantly higher in invasive ductal carcinoma than in normal breast tissues (OR =5.83, 95% CI 3.76-9.03, P<0.00001). CDH1 hypermethylation was significantly higher in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative BC than in ER-positive BC (OR =0.62, 95% CI 0.43-0.87, P=0.007). In addition, we found that the CDH1 was significantly methylated in HER2-negative BC than in HER2-positive BC (OR =0.26, 95% CI 0.15-0.44, P<0.00001). However, CDH1 methylation frequency was not associated with progesterone receptor (PR) status, or with grades, stages, or lymph node metastasis of BC patients. Our results indicate that CDH1 hypermethylation is a potential novel drug target for developing personalized therapy. CDH1 hypermethylation is strongly associated with ER-negative and HER2-negative BC, respectively, suggesting CDH1 methylation status could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of ER-negative or HER2-negative BC with aggressive tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Ding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Su L, Wang H, Miao J, Liang Y. Clinicopathological Significance and Potential Drug Target of CDKN2A/p16 in Endometrial Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13238. [PMID: 26283007 PMCID: PMC4642515 DOI: 10.1038/srep13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that the loss of function of the CDKN2A/p16/INK4A gene is mainly caused by the hypermethylation of CDKN2A, however, whether or not it is associated with the incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of endometrial carcinoma (EC) remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis aiming to comprehensively assess the role of CDKN2A hypermethylation in the pathogenesis of EC. A detailed literature search was made to identify the related research publications. Analysis of pooled data was performed. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated and summarized. Final analysis of 638 EC patients from 12 eligible studies was performed. The results showed that CDKN2A hypermethylation was significantly higher in EC than in normal control tissue, the pooled OR from 8 studies including 400 EC patients and 131 controls, OR = 8.39 with 95% CI 4.03–17.45, test for overall effect, Z = 5.69, P < 0.00001. Further analysis showed that CDKN2A hypermethylation was not significantly associated with tumor differentiation and clinical stage status in EC patients. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that CDKN2A hypermethylation may be implicated in the pathogenesis of EC. CDKN2A hypermethylation was not significantly associated with tumor differentiation and clinical stage status in EC patients, indicating that CDKN2A hypermethylation might be early event of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, China
| | | | - Jingwei Miao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, China
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Huang Y, Li W, Su ZY, Kong ANT. The complexity of the Nrf2 pathway: beyond the antioxidant response. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1401-13. [PMID: 26419687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated signalling pathway provides living organisms an efficient and pivotal line of defensive to counteract environmental insults and endogenous stressors. Nrf2 coordinates the basal and inducible expression of antioxidant and Phase II detoxification enzymes to adapt to different stress conditions. The stability and cellular distribution of Nrf2 is tightly controlled by its inhibitory binding protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1. Nrf2 signalling is also regulated by posttranslational, transcriptional, translational and epigenetic mechanisms, as well as by other protein partners, including p62, p21 and IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 1. Many studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 is a promising target for preventing carcinogenesis and other chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and pulmonary injury. However, constitutive activation of Nrf2 in advanced cancer cells may confer drug resistance. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 signalling, the diverse classes of Nrf2 activators, including bioactive nutrients and other chemicals, and the cellular functions and disease relevance of Nrf2 and discuss the dual role of Nrf2 in different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Earnest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Wenji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Earnest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Zheng-yuan Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Earnest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Earnest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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An Epigenetic Mechanism of High Gdnf Transcription in Glioma Cells Revealed by Specific Sequence Methylation. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:4352-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9365-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sulforaphane Reverses the Expression of Various Tumor Suppressor Genes by Targeting DNMT3B and HDAC1 in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:412149. [PMID: 26161119 PMCID: PMC4487331 DOI: 10.1155/2015/412149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) may hinder carcinogenesis by altering epigenetic events in the cells; however, its molecular mechanisms are unclear. The present study investigates the role of SFN in modifying epigenetic events in human cervical cancer cells, HeLa. HeLa cells were treated with SFN (2.5 µM) for a period of 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours for all experiments. After treatment, expressions of DNMT3B, HDAC1, RARβ, CDH1, DAPK1, and GSTP1 were studied using RT-PCR while promoter DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) was studied using MS-PCR. Inhibition assays of DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) were performed at varying time points. Molecular modeling and docking studies were performed to explore the possible interaction of SFN with HDAC1 and DNMT3B. Time-dependent exposure to SFN decreases the expression of DNMT3B and HDAC1 and significantly reduces the enzymatic activity of DNMTs and HDACs. Molecular modeling data suggests that SFN may interact directly with DNMT3B and HDAC1 which may explain the inhibitory action of SFN. Interestingly, time-dependent reactivation of the studied TSGs via reversal of methylation in SFN treated cells correlates well with its impact on the epigenetic alterations accumulated during cancer development. Thus, SFN may have significant implications for epigenetic based therapy.
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Mosquera Orgueira A. Hidden among the crowd: differential DNA methylation-expression correlations in cancer occur at important oncogenic pathways. Front Genet 2015; 6:163. [PMID: 26029238 PMCID: PMC4429616 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a frequent epigenetic mechanism that participates in transcriptional repression. Variations in DNA methylation with respect to gene expression are constant, and, for unknown reasons, some genes with highly methylated promoters are sometimes overexpressed. In this study we have analyzed the expression and methylation patterns of thousands of genes in five groups of cancer and normal tissue samples in order to determine local and genome-wide differences. We observed significant changes in global methylation-expression correlation in all the neoplasms, which suggests that differential correlation events are frequent in cancer. A focused analysis in the breast cancer cohort identified 1662 genes whose correlation varies significantly between normal and cancerous breast, but whose DNA methylation and gene expression patterns do not change substantially. These genes were enriched in cancer-related pathways and repressive chromatin features across various model cell lines, such as PRC2 binding and H3K27me3 marks. Substantial changes in methylation-expression correlation indicate that these genes are subject to epigenetic remodeling, where the differential activity of other factors break the expected relationship between both variables. Our findings suggest a complex regulatory landscape where a redistribution of local and large-scale chromatin repressive domains at differentially correlated genes (DCGs) creates epigenetic hotspots that modulate cancer-specific gene expression.
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Zeng W, Zhu J, Shan L, Han Z, Aerxiding P, Quhai A, Zeng F, Wang Z, Li H. The clinicopathological significance of CDH1 in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:2149-57. [PMID: 25926721 PMCID: PMC4403748 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s75429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background CDH1 is a protein encoded by the CDH1 gene in humans. Loss of CDH1 function contributes to cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. However, the association and clinicopathological significance between CDH1 hypermethylation and gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. In this study, we systematically reviewed the studies of CDH1 hypermethylation and GC, and evaluated the association between CDH1 hypermethylation and GC using meta-analysis methods. Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Embase databases was performed for publications up to July 2014. Methodological quality of the studies was also evaluated. The data were extracted and assessed by two reviewers independently. Analyses of pooled data were performed. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated and summarized. Results A final analysis of 1,079 GC patients from 14 eligible studies was performed. CDH1 hypermethylation level in the cancer group was significantly higher compared to the normal gastric mucosa (OR =8.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.39–33.51, Z=5.47, P<0.00001). CDH1 hypermethylation was not significantly higher in GC than in adjacent gastric mucosa (OR =3.68, 95% CI: 0.96–14.18, Z=1.90, P=0.06). However, CDH1 hypermethylation was higher in adjacent gastric mucosa compared to that in normal gastric mucosa (OR =2.55, 95% CI: 1.22–5.32, Z=2.49, P<0.01). In addition, CDH1 hypermethylation was correlated with Helicobacter pylori (HP) status in GC. The pooled OR from six studies including 280 HP-positive GCs and 193 HP-negative GCs is 1.72 (95% CI: 1.13–2.61, Z=2.55, P=0.01). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis reveal that CDH1 hypermethylation levels in cancer and adjacent gastric mucosa are significantly higher compared to normal gastric mucosa. Thus, CDH1 hypermethylation is significantly correlated with GC risk. CDH1 hypermethylation is correlated with HP status, indicating that it plays a more important role in the pathogenesis of HP-positive GC and might be an interesting potential drug target for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zeng
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China ; First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shan
- First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Han
- First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Patiguli Aerxiding
- First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Amina Quhai
- First Department of Lung Cancer Chemotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanye Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiwu Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
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Zhong K, Chen W, Xiao N, Zhao J. The clinicopathological significance and potential drug target of E-cadherin in NSCLC. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6139-48. [PMID: 25758052 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), a member of transmembrane glycoprotein family, encoded by the E-cadherin gene, plays a key role in cell-cell adhesion, adherent junction in normal epithelial tissues, contributing to tissue differentiation and homeostasis. Although previous studies indicated that inactivation of the E-cadherin is mainly induced by hypermethylation of E-cadherin gene, evidence concerning E-cadherin hypermethylation in the carcinogenesis and development of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains controversial. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effects of E-cadherin hypermethylation on the incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Embase databases was performed up to October 2014. Analyses of pooled data were performed. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated and summarized. Our meta-analysis combining 18 published articles demonstrated that the hypermethylation frequencies in NSCLC were significantly higher than those in normal control tissues, OR = 3.55, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.98-6.36, p < 0.0001. Further analysis showed that E-cadherin hypermethylation was not strongly associated with the sex or smoking status in NSCLC patients. In addition, E-cadherin hypermethylation was also not strongly associated with pathological types, differentiated status, clinical stages, or metastatic status in NSCLC patients. The results from the current study indicate that the hypermethylation frequency of E-cadherin in NSCLC is strongly associated with NSCLC incidence and it may be an early event in carcinogenesis of NSCLC. We also discussed the potential value of E-cadherin as a drug target that may bring new direction and hope for cancer treatment through gene-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaize Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
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Yang L, Cui Y, Shen J, Lin F, Wang X, Long M, Wei J, Zhang H. Antitumor activity of SA12, a novel peptide, on SKBr-3 breast cancer cells via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:1319-30. [PMID: 25767377 PMCID: PMC4354433 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s75780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is considered to be the most common malignancy in women. Treatment of breast cancer has been focused on molecular targeted therapy, and anticancer peptides are considered to be some of the most promising candidate drugs. In the current study, we used mRNA-peptide display technology to screen antibreast cancer peptides and identified a novel peptide, SA12, which showed significant activity in the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in SKBr-3 breast cancer cells. The mechanism by which SA12 peptide triggers apoptosis was further investigated using a pull-down assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting analysis. The results demonstrated that this peptide could interact with tumor-associated proteins MECP2 and CDC20B, which further induced apoptosis of tumor cells via the mitochondrial pathway involving the Bcl-2 family and related caspases. We propose that the novel SA12 peptide has the potential to provide a new strategy for the development of targeted therapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Cui
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Shen
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Long
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Junxia Wei
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizhong Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Research Center, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Zheng CG, Jin C, Ye LC, Chen NZ, Chen ZJ. Clinicopathological significance and potential drug target of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5839-48. [PMID: 25716203 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3254-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a candidate for tumor suppression in several types of human tumors including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the correlation between MGMT hypermethylation and clinicopathological characteristics of CRC remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effects of MGMT hypermethylation on the incidence of CRC and clinicopathological characteristics. A comprehensive literature search was done from Web of Science, the Cochrane Library Database, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Chinese Biomedical Database for related research publications written in English and Chinese. Methodological quality of the studies was also evaluated. Analyses of pooled data were performed with Review Manager 5.2. Odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were calculated and summarized, respectively. Final analysis from 28 eligible studies was performed. MGMT hypermethylation is found to be significantly higher in CRC than in normal colorectal mucosa, the pooled OR from 13 studies including 1085 CRC and 899 normal colorectal mucosa, OR = 6.04, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 4.69-7.77, p < 0.00001. MGMT hypermethylation is also significantly higher in colorectal adenoma than in normal colorectal mucosa, but it is significantly less compared to that in CRC patients. Interestingly, MGMT hypermethylation is correlated with sex status and is significantly higher in female than in male. MGMT hypermethylation is also associated with high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI). The pooled HR for overall survival (OS) shows that MGMT hypermethylation is not associated with worse survival in CRC patients. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that MGMT hypermethylation is associated with an increased risk and high levels of MSI and may play an important role in CRC initiation. However, MGMT hypermethylation may play an important role in the early stage of CRC progression and development, as well as having limited value in prediction of prognosis in CRC patients. We also discussed that MGMT may serve as a potential drug target of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Guo Zheng
- Department of Coloproctology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
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Wang Z, Wang B, Guo H, Shi G, Hong X. Clinicopathological significance and potential drug target of T-cadherin in NSCLC. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 9:207-16. [PMID: 25565774 PMCID: PMC4278732 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s74259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous studies demonstrate that T-cadherin is a candidate tumor suppressor in several types of human tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lack of protein expression of T-cadherin by hypermethylation has been found to play an important role in lung alveolar differentiation regulation and epithelial tumorigenesis. However, the correlation between T-cadherin hypermethylation and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC remains unclear. Here we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effects of T-cadherin hypermethylation on the incidence of NSCLC and clinicopathological characteristics. Methods A detailed literature search was carried out for related research publications. Analyses of pooled data were performed. Odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were calculated and summarized, respectively. Results Final analysis of 1,172 NSCLC patients from 15 eligible studies was performed. T-cadherin hypermethylation was observed to be significantly higher in NSCLC than in normal lung tissue, based on the pooled OR from nine studies including 532 NSCLC and 372 normal lung tissue samples (OR=8.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]=5.41–12.39, P<0.00001). T-cadherin hypermethylation may also be associated with pathological types. The pooled OR was obtained from four studies including 111patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 106 with adenocarcinoma (OR=0.35, 95% CI=0.19–0.66, P=0.001), which indicated that T-cadherin hypermethylation plays a more important role in the pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma. We did not find that T-cadherin hypermethylation was correlated with the sex or smoking status, clinical stages, or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status. However, T-cadherin hypermethylation was found to be significantly higher in poorly differentiated NSCLC than in moderately and highly differentiated NSCLC, and NSCLC patients with T-cadherin hypermethylation had a lower survival rate than those without T-cadherin hypermethylation. Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis suggest that T-cadherin hypermethylation is associated with an increased risk and worse survival in NSCLC. T-cadherin hypermethylation, which induces the inactivation of T-cadherin gene, plays an important role in the carcinogenesis, cancer progression, as well as clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Wang
- Oncology Department, Eighth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Oncology Department, Eighth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanchen Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shouguang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shouguang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyu Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shouguang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shouguang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqin Hong
- Institute of Gerontology, Hunan Geriatric Hospital, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Ordóñez R, Gallo-Oller G, Martínez-Soto S, Legarra S, Pata-Merci N, Guegan J, Danglot G, Bernheim A, Meléndez B, Rey JA, Castresana JS. Genome-wide microarray expression and genomic alterations by array-CGH analysis in neuroblastoma stem-like cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113105. [PMID: 25392930 PMCID: PMC4231109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma has a very diverse clinical behaviour: from spontaneous regression to a very aggressive malignant progression and resistance to chemotherapy. This heterogeneous clinical behaviour might be due to the existence of Cancer Stem Cells (CSC), a subpopulation within the tumor with stem-like cell properties: a significant proliferation capacity, a unique self-renewal capacity, and therefore, a higher ability to form new tumors. We enriched the CSC-like cell population content of two commercial neuroblastoma cell lines by the use of conditioned cell culture media for neurospheres, and compared genomic gains and losses and genome expression by array-CGH and microarray analysis, respectively (in CSC-like versus standard tumor cells culture). Despite the array-CGH did not show significant differences between standard and CSC-like in both analyzed cell lines, the microarray expression analysis highlighted some of the most relevant biological processes and molecular functions that might be responsible for the CSC-like phenotype. Some signalling pathways detected seem to be involved in self-renewal of normal tissues (Wnt, Notch, Hh and TGF-β) and contribute to CSC phenotype. We focused on the aberrant activation of TGF-β and Hh signalling pathways, confirming the inhibition of repressors of TGF-β pathway, as SMAD6 and SMAD7 by RT-qPCR. The analysis of the Sonic Hedgehog pathway showed overexpression of PTCH1, GLI1 and SMO. We found overexpression of CD133 and CD15 in SIMA neurospheres, confirming that this cell line was particularly enriched in stem-like cells. This work shows a cross-talk among different pathways in neuroblastoma and its importance in CSC-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ordóñez
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Gallo-Oller
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Soledad Martínez-Soto
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sheila Legarra
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Bárbara Meléndez
- Molecular Pathology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Virgen de la Salud Hospital, Toledo, Spain
| | - Juan A. Rey
- IdiPaz Research Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier S. Castresana
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, Pamplona, Spain
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Li J, Bi L, Lin Y, Lu Z, Hou G. Clinicopathological significance and potential drug target of p15INK4B in multiple myeloma. Drug Des Devel Ther 2014; 8:2129-36. [PMID: 25382971 PMCID: PMC4222634 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s71088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal malignancy characterized by the proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow and the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin. In addition to genetic changes, gene hypermethylation is an alternative mechanism of tumor suppressor gene inactivation in MM. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN2B or p15INK4B) gene lies adjacent to the tumor suppressor gene, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 (CDKN2A), and is frequently mutated and deleted in a wide variety of tumors, including MM. However, there is a lack of systematic analysis of p15 epigenetic modification such as methylation in MM from different studies that can provide more powerful estimation of an effect. In this study, we have systematically reviewed the studies of p15INK4B promoter methylation in MM and quantified the association between p15INK4B promoter methylation and MM using meta-analysis methods. We observed that the frequency of p15INK4B methylation is significantly higher in MM patients than in normal healthy controls. The pooled odds ratio (OR) from ten studies including 394 MM and 99 normal individuals is 0.08, while confidence interval (CI) is 0.03–0.21 (P<0.00001). This indicates that p15INK4B inactivation through methylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MM. In addition, the frequency of p15INK4B methylation was significantly higher in patients with MM than in those with asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. The pooled OR from four studies is 0.40, 95% CI =0.21–0.78 (P=0.007). These results suggest that silencing of p15INK4B gene expression by epigenetic modification such as promoter hypermethylation plays a role not only in the initiation of MM but also in plasma cell malignant transformation, disease progression, and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lintao Bi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Lin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxia Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Hou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Xue R, Yang C, Zhao F, Li D. Prognostic significance of CDH13 hypermethylation and mRNA in NSCLC. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:1987-96. [PMID: 25382980 PMCID: PMC4222896 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s67355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant methylation of CpG dinucleotides is a commonly observed epigenetic modification in human cancer. Thus, detection of aberrant gene promoter methylation as a tool for diagnosis of tumors or as a prognostic marker has been widely described for many types of cancers, including nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Emerging evidence indicates that CDH13 is a candidate tumor suppressor in several types of human tumors, including NSCLC. However, the correlation between CDH13 hypermethylation and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC remains unclear. In the current study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effects of CDH13 hypermethylation on the incidence of NSCLC and clinicopathological characteristics. Final analysis of 803 NSCLC patients from eleven eligible studies was performed. CDH13 hypermethylation was observed to be significantly higher in NSCLC than in normal lung tissue, with the pooled odds ratio (OR) from seven studies including 448 NSCLC and 345 normal lung tissue (OR, 7.85; 95% confidence interval, 5.12-12.03; P<0.00001). CDH13 hypermethylation was also associated with pathological types. The pooled OR was obtained from four studies, including 111 squamous cell carcinoma and 106 adenocarcinoma (OR, 0.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.66; P=0.001), which indicated that CDH13 hypermethylation plays a more important role in the pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma. NSCLC with CDH13 hypermethylation was found more frequently in poorly differentiated NSCLC patients. NSCLC patients with CDH13 hypermethylation had a lower survival rate than those without CDH13 hypermethylation. In addition, CDH13 mRNA high expression was found to correlate with better overall survival for all NSCLC patients followed for 20 years (hazard ratio, 0.81; P=0.0056). Interestingly, CDH13 mRNA overexpression was found to correlate with better overall survival only in adenocarcinoma patients (hazard ratio, 0.42; P=9.6e-09), not in squamous cell carcinoma patients (hazard ratio, 0.93; P=0.59). The results of this meta-analysis suggest that CDH13 hypermethylation is associated with an increased risk and worse survival in NSCLC. CDH13 hypermethylation and mRNA expression play an important role in carcinogenesis, progression, and development, as well as clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Xue
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuili Yang
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejia Li
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Liu F, Zhou Y, Zhou D, Kan M, Niu X, Zhang Z, Zhang D, Tao L, He L, Zhan L, Liu Y. Whole DNA methylome profiling in lung cancer cells before and after epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:66. [PMID: 24655585 PMCID: PMC4108085 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death. In recent years, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been found to contribute to metastasis, as it enables migratory and invasive properties in cancer cells. Previous genome-wide studies found that DNA methylation was unchanged during EMT induced by TGF-β in AML12 cells. In this study, we aimed to discover EMT-related changes in DNA methylation in cancer cells, which are poorly understood. METHODS We employed a next-generation sequencing-based method, MSCC (methyl-sensitive cut counting), to investigate DNA methylation during EMT in the A549 lung cancer cell line. RESULTS We found that methylation levels were highly correlated to gene expression, histone modifications and small RNA expression. However, no differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were found in A549 cells treated with TGF-β for 4 h, 12 h, 24 h and 96 h. Additionally, CpG islands (CGIs) showed no overall change in methylation levels, and at the single-base level, almost all of the CpGs showed conservation of DNA methylation levels. Furthermore, we found that the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1, 3a, 3b (DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b) and ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) was altered after EMT. The level of several histone methylations was also changed. CONCLUSIONS DNA methylation-related enzymes and histone methylation might have a role in TGF-β-induced EMT without affecting the whole DNA methylome in cancer cells. Our data provide new insights into the global methylation signature of lung cancer cells and the role of DNA methylation in EMT. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1112892497119603.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lixing Zhan
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Taiyuan RD, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
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