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Yu T, Jiang W, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Jiao J, Wu M. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells in the treatment of osteosarcoma (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:40. [PMID: 38390935 PMCID: PMC10919759 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a frequently occurring primary bone tumor, mostly affecting children, adolescents and young adults. Before 1970, surgical resection was the main treatment method for OS, but the clinical results were not promising. Subsequently, the advent of chemotherapy has improved the prognosis of patients with OS. However, there is still a high incidence of metastasis or recurrence, and chemotherapy has several side effects, thus making the 5‑year survival rate markedly low. Recently, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‑T) cell therapy represents an alternative immunotherapy approach with significant potential for hematologic malignancies. Nevertheless, the application of CAR‑T cells in the treatment of OS faces numerous challenges. The present review focused on the advances in the development of CAR‑T cells to improve their clinical efficacy, and discussed ways to overcome the difficulties faced by CAR T‑cell therapy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Operating Room, The Third Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Jianhang Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Minfei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Zhang G, Wang X, Zhang Q. Cdh11: Roles in different diseases and potential value in disease diagnosis and treatment. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36:101576. [PMID: 38034129 PMCID: PMC10682823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherin is a homophilic, Ca2+-dependent cell adhesion glycoprotein that mediates cell-cell adhesion. Among them, Cadherin-11 (CDH11), as a classical cadherin, participates in and influences many crucial aspects of human growth and development. Furthermore, The involvement of CDH11 has been identified in an increasing number of diseases, primarily including various tumorous diseases, fibrotic diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders, and more. In various tumorous diseases, CDH11 acts not only as a tumor suppressor but can also promote migration and invasion of certain tumors through various mechanisms. Likewise, in non-tumorous diseases, CDH11 remains a pivotal factor in disease progression. In this context, we summarize the specific functionalities and mechanisms of CDH11 in various diseases, aiming to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the potential value of CDH11 in disease diagnosis and treatment. This endeavor seeks to provide more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for clinical management across diverse diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxiang Zhang
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Qingguo Zhang
- Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
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Hassan SA, Shabaan AAA, Ahmed AR, Issa YA, Fadel SH, El-Sabaa BM. Clinicopathological significance of SOX9 and β-catenin expression in pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy cases of osteosarcoma: molecular and immunohistochemical study. J Histotechnol 2023; 46:127-138. [PMID: 37013797 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2023.2193526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis of osteosarcoma (OS), the most frequent primary malignant bone tumor of all age groups, is still obscure. Since multidrug chemotherapeutic regimens were introduced in the 1970s, survival rates have been stationary. The Wnt-β-catenin signaling cascade and SOX9 have a significant contribution to skeletal growth, development, and tumorigenesis. In the present work, an attempt was made to examine the role and clinicopathological significance of β-catenin and SOX9 in 46 cases of pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy OS tissues compared to 10 cases of non-neoplastic bone. The mRNA levels of both markers were assessed by qRT-PCR, and protein levels of β-catenin were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The results were correlated with different clinicopathological parameters. SOX9 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in OS compared to non-neoplastic bone, and higher levels were significantly associated with the occurrence of fluid-fluid levels (indicating blood-containing cystic spaces) and osteolytic radiological pattern. Although β-catenin mRNA and protein levels were higher in OS compared to non-neoplastic bone, only the protein levels reached statistical significance. Higher β-catenin mRNA levels were significantly associated with tumor size, while higher protein levels were significantly associated with the histologic subtype, mitotic count, and radiological pattern. No significant association was noted with any of the other evaluated parameters. OS showing higher SOX9 mRNA expression and lower β-catenin mRNA and protein expression exhibited longer estimated overall survival times approaching statistical significance. To conclude, while high expression of β-catenin and SOX9 suggests their possible involvement in OS development, their prognostic role may need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ahmed Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Adel Refaat Ahmed
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Amr Issa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shady Hassan Fadel
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt
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Hosseini A, Eghtedari AR, Mirzaei A, Babaheidarian P, Nekoufar S, Khademian N, Jamshidi K, Tavakoli-Yaraki M. The clinical significance of CD44v6 in malignant and benign primary bone tumors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:607. [PMID: 37491225 PMCID: PMC10367246 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06738-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to assess the expression profile of CD44v6, a potential cancer stem cell marker, and its diagnostic and predictive significance in three distinct types of primary bone tumors. METHODS In this study, we utilized real-time qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry to examine the gene and protein levels of CD44v6 in a total of 138 fresh bone tissues. This included 69 tumor tissues comprising osteosarcoma (N = 23), chondrosarcoma (N = 23), and GCT (N = 23), as well as 69 corresponding non-cancerous tumor margins. Furthermore, we investigated the circulating level of CD44v6 by isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 92 blood samples. Among these, 69 samples were obtained from patients diagnosed with primary bone tumors, while the remaining 23 samples were from healthy donors. The primary objectives of our investigation were to assess the correlation between CD44v6 expression levels and clinic-pathological features of the patients, as well as to evaluate the diagnostic and predictive values of CD44v6 in this context. RESULTS In patients with osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma tumors, both the gene and protein expression of CD44v6 were found to be significantly higher compared to the GCT group. Furthermore, the circulating level of CD44v6 was notably elevated in patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma in comparison to the GCT group and patients with malignant tumor characteristics. Additionally, we observed a strong correlation between the gene and protein levels of CD44v6 and important tumor indicators such as tumor grade, metastasis, recurrence, and size at the tumor site. CD44v6 shows potential in differentiating patients with bone tumors from both control groups and tumor groups with severe and invasive characteristics from those with non-severe features. Importantly, the expression level of CD44v6 also demonstrated predictive value for determining tumor grade and the likelihood of recurrence. CONCLUSION CD44v6 is likely to play a role in the development of primary bone tumors and has the potential to serve as a diagnostic biomarker for bone cancer. However, to obtain more accurate and conclusive findings, further mechanistic investigations involving larger population samples are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameinh Hosseini
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Eghtedari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mirzaei
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Babaheidarian
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Nekoufar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Khademian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khodamorad Jamshidi
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran.
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He G, Nie JJ, Liu X, Ding Z, Luo P, Liu Y, Zhang BW, Wang R, Liu X, Hai Y, Chen DF. Zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibit osteosarcoma metastasis by downregulating β-catenin via HIF-1α/BNIP3/LC3B-mediated mitophagy pathway. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:690-702. [PMID: 35600978 PMCID: PMC9112061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) therapy faces many challenges, especially the poor survival rate once metastasis occurs. Therefore, it is crucial to explore new OS treatment strategies that can efficiently inhibit OS metastasis. Bioactive nanoparticles such as zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) can efficiently inhibit OS growth, however, the effect and mechanisms of them on tumor metastasis are still not clear. In this study, we firstly prepared well-dispersed ZnO NPs and proved that ZnO NPs can inhibit OS metastasis-related malignant behaviors including migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). RNA-Seqs found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ZnO NP-treated OS cells were enriched in wingless/integrated (Wnt) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway. We further proved that Zn2+ released from ZnO NPs induced downregulation of β-catenin expression via HIF-1α/BNIP3/LC3B-mediated mitophagy pathway. ZnO NPs combined with ICG-001, a β-catenin inhibitor, showed a synergistic inhibitory effect on OS lung metastasis and a longer survival time. In addition, tissue microarray (TMA) of OS patients also detected much higher β-catenin expression which indicated the role of β-catenin in OS development. In summary, our current study not only proved that ZnO NPs can inhibit OS metastasis by degrading β-catenin in HIF-1α/BNIP3/LC3B-mediated mitophagy pathway, but also provided a far-reaching potential of ZnO NPs in clinical OS treatment with metastasis. Zn2+ released from bioactive ZnO NPs trigger OS metastasis inhibition. ZnO NPs inhibit OS metastasis through degrading β-catenin expression via HIF-1α/BNIP3/LC3B-mediated mitophagy pathway. Tissue microarray of OS patients detected higher β-catenin expression which confirmed the potential of ZnO NPs in clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanping He
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing-Jun Nie
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zihao Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bo-Wen Zhang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Renxian Wang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yong Hai
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Da-Fu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
- Corresponding author.
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Fernández-Tabanera E, Melero-Fernández de Mera RM, Alonso J. CD44 In Sarcomas: A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives. Front Oncol 2022; 12:909450. [PMID: 35785191 PMCID: PMC9247467 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.909450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the tumor microenvironment, particularly the extracellular matrix, plays an essential role in the development of tumors through the interaction with specific protein-membrane receptors. One of the most relevant proteins in this context is the transmembrane protein CD44. The role of CD44 in tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis has been well established in many cancers, although a comprehensive review concerning its role in sarcomas has not been published. CD44 is overexpressed in most sarcomas and several in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown a direct effect on tumor progression, dissemination, and drug resistance. Moreover, CD44 has been revealed as a useful marker for prognostic and diagnostic (CD44v6 isoform) in osteosarcoma. Besides, some innovative treatments such as HA-functionalized liposomes therapy have become an excellent CD44-mediated intracellular delivery system for osteosarcoma. Unfortunately, the reduced number of studies deciphering the prognostic/diagnostic value of CD44 in other sarcoma subgroups, neither than osteosarcoma, in addition to the low number of patients involved in those studies, have produced inconclusive results. In this review, we have gone through the information available on the role of CD44 in the development, maintenance, and progression of sarcomas, analyzing their implications at the prognostic, therapeutic, and mechanistic levels. Moreover, we illustrate how research involving the specific role of CD44 in the different sarcoma subgroups could suppose a chance to advance towards a more innovative perspective for novel therapies and future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Fernández-Tabanera
- Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (U758; CB06/07/1009; CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel M. Melero-Fernández de Mera
- Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (U758; CB06/07/1009; CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Alonso
- Unidad de Tumores Sólidos Infantiles, Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras (IIER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (U758; CB06/07/1009; CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Javier Alonso,
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Nomura M, Rainusso N, Lee YC, Dawson B, Coarfa C, Han R, Larson JL, Shuck R, Kurenbekova L, Yustein JT. Tegavivint and the β-Catenin/ALDH Axis in Chemotherapy-Resistant and Metastatic Osteosarcoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 111:1216-1227. [PMID: 30793158 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is closely associated with osteosarcoma (OS) development and metastatic progression. We investigated the antitumor activity of Tegavivint, a novel β-catenin/transducin β-like protein 1 (TBL1) inhibitor, against OS employing in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo cell line and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models that recapitulate high risk disease. METHODS The antitumor efficacy of Tegavivint was evaluated in vitro using established OS and PDX-derived cell lines. Use of an ex vivo three-dimensional pulmonary metastasis assay assessed targeting of β-catenin activity during micro- and macrometastatic development. The in vivo activity of Tegavivint was evaluated using chemoresistant and metastatic OS PDX models. Gene and protein expression were quantified by quantitative Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or immunoblot analysis. Bone integrity was determined via microCT. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Tegavivint exhibited antiproliferative activity against OS cells in vitro and actively reduced micro- and macrometastatic development ex vivo. Multiple OS PDX tumors (n = 3), including paired patient primary and lung metastatic tumors with inherent chemoresistance, were suppressed by Tegavivint in vivo. We identified that metastatic lung OS cell lines (n = 2) exhibited increased stem cell signatures, including enhanced concomitant aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1) and β-catenin expression and downstream activity, which were suppressed by Tegavivint (ALDH1: control group, mean relative mRNA expression = 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.68 to 1.22 vs Tegavivint group, mean = 0.011, 95% CI = 0.0012 to 0.056, P < .001; β-catenin: control group, mean relative mRNA expression = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.71 to 1.36 vs Tegavivint group, mean = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.36 to 0.52, P < .001). ALDH1high PDX-derived lung OS cells, which demonstrated enhanced metastatic potential compared with ALDHlow cells in vivo, were sensitive to Tegavivint. Toxicity studies revealed decreased bone density in male Tegavivint-treated mice (n = 4 mice per group). CONCLUSIONS Tegavivint is a promising therapeutic agent for advanced stages of OS via its targeting of the β-catenin/ALDH1 axis.
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Xie X, Li Y, Zhu H, Kuang Z, Chen D, Fan T. Prognostic Significance of β-Catenin Expression in Osteosarcoma: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:402. [PMID: 32328456 PMCID: PMC7160797 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: β-catenin plays a crucial role in the progression of osteosarcoma. However, the clinical significance of β-catenin over-expression in osteosarcoma still remains unclear. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis of studies that evaluated the impact of β-catenin on metastasis and overall survival (OS) in osteosarcoma. Methods: We searched PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Springer, Science Direct, OVID, Weipu, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) databases from their start year up to Aug.2019. Individual hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled HRs with 95% CIs or odd ratio (OR) were used to evaluate the relationships between β-catenin over-expression and metastasis and overall survival in osteosarcoma. Results: Eight related studies involving 521 patients were qualified for this meta-analysis. Results showed that over-expression of β-catenin was significantly correlated with metastasis (OR = 3.31, 95% CI = 2.08–5.24, P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.48–363, P = 0.02). Conclusion: The meta-analysis revealed that over-expression of β-catenin might be associated with distant metastasis and overall survival in osteosarcoma, which reminds that β-catenin acts as a prognostic biomarker and it can guide the clinical therapy in osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixia Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixing Kuang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Nanping First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Deta Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyou Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tsuchie H, Emori M, Miyakoshi N, Nagasawa H, Okada K, Nanjyo H, Murahashi Y, Mizushima E, Shimizu J, Yamashita T, Shimada Y. Prognostic Impact of CD44 Expression in Patients With Myxofibrosarcoma. In Vivo 2020; 33:2095-2102. [PMID: 31662543 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Abnormal expression of CD44 may promote cancer invasion. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the expression of CD44 in soft tissue sarcoma such as myxofibrosarcoma. We evaluated the relationship between expression of the standard form of CD44 (CD44s) and the clinical course of myxofibrosarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-four myxofibrosarcoma patients were retrospectively enrolled. Patient information including the proportion of CD44s-positive cells was collected, and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between CD44s expression and clinicopathological factors. RESULTS Although CD44s did not affect prognosis, multivariate analysis indicated that high expression of CD44s predicted poor event-free survival (p=0.004) and local recurrence (p=0.049). CD44s expression was not associated with the occurrence of distant metastasis but was significantly higher in those with lung metastasis (p=0.044). CONCLUSION Increased expression of CD44s predicted poor event-free survival and local recurrence and was observed in myxofibrosarcoma patients with lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsuchie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Makoto Emori
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naohisa Miyakoshi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagasawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kyoji Okada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nanjyo
- Department of Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Murahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Emi Mizushima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Junya Shimizu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoichi Shimada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Zhang JX, He WL, Feng ZH, Chen DL, Gao Y, He Y, Qin K, Zheng ZS, Chen C, Weng HW, Yun M, Ye S, Xu RH, Xie D. A positive feedback loop consisting of C12orf59/NF-κB/CDH11 promotes gastric cancer invasion and metastasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:164. [PMID: 30987656 PMCID: PMC6463669 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1114-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Metastasis remains the main cause of cancer-related death for gastric cancer (GC) patients, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data base and bioinformatics analyses, we identified C12orf59 might act as a potential oncogenic protein in GC. Methods We investigate the expression pattern and clinical significance of C12orf59 in two independent cohorts of GC samples. In the training cohort, we used the X-tile program software to generate the optimal cutoff value for C12orf59 expression in order to classify patients accurately according to clinical outcome. In the validation cohort, this derived cutoff score was applied to exam the association of C12orf59 expression with survival outcome. A series of in vivo and in vitro assays were then performed to investigate the function of C12orf59 in GC. Results C12orf59 was significantly upregulated, and associated with poor survival outcome in two cohorts of GC samples. Gain- and loss of- function studies demonstrated C12orf59 promotes GC cell invasive and metastatic capacity both in vitro and in vivo, and induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis. Mechanically, C12orf59 exerts oncogenic functions by up-regulating CDH11 expression via NF-κB signaling. Interesting, CDH11 could in turn promote NF-κB bind to C12orf59’s promoter and form a positive feedback loop to sustain the metastatic ability of GC cells. Additionally, downregulation of miR-654-5p is another important mechanism for C12orf59 overexpression in GC. Conclusion Our finding suggested the newly identified C12orf59/NF-κB/CDH11 feedback loop may represent a new strategy for GC treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1114-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Hao Feng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Liang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou-San Zheng
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Chen
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Wen Weng
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yun
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dan Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, No. 651, Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Yuan S, Li L, Xiang S, Jia H, Luo T. Cadherin-11 is inactivated due to promoter methylation and functions in colorectal cancer as a tumour suppressor. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2517-2529. [PMID: 31114321 PMCID: PMC6497840 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s193921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The cadherin-11 (CDH11, OB-cadherin) gene is a member of the cadherin family and is located on chromosome 16q22.1. Previous studies have revealed that cadherins play significant roles in the development of many human malignancies. Increasing evidence has identified CDH11 as a functional tumour suppressor, which is commonly silenced by promoter methylation, but the functions of this gene in colorectal cancer (CRC) have been unclear. Methods: The CDH11 expression in primary CRC tissues and cell lines was investigated by qRT-PCR, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The promoter methylation status of CDH11 was measured by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry analysis, wound-healing assay, transwell assay and in vivo experiments were used to investigate the function of CDH11 in CRC. The mechanisms of CDH11 also were explored by western blots. Results: Our study suggests that CDH11 downregulation in CRC due to its promoter methylation and induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and apoptosis, suppressing tumor cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion by affecting the NF-kB signaling pathway. Conclusion: Overall, CDH11 may be considered as a functional tumour suppressor gene (TSG) in CRC, CDH11 has the potential to serve as a valuable prognostic marker for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Yuan
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shili Xiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hexun Jia
- Office of academic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhang H, Brown RL, Wei Y, Zhao P, Liu S, Liu X, Deng Y, Hu X, Zhang J, Gao XD, Kang Y, Mercurio AM, Goel HL, Cheng C. CD44 splice isoform switching determines breast cancer stem cell state. Genes Dev 2019; 33:166-179. [PMID: 30692202 PMCID: PMC6362815 DOI: 10.1101/gad.319889.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Zhang et al. show that manipulating the splicing regulator ESRP1 to shift alternative splicing from splice isoform CD44v to CD44s leads to an induction of cancer stem cell properties. Although changes in alternative splicing have been observed in cancer, their functional contributions still remain largely unclear. Here we report that splice isoforms of the cancer stem cell (CSC) marker CD44 exhibit strikingly opposite functions in breast cancer. Bioinformatic annotation in patient breast cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database reveals that the CD44 standard splice isoform (CD44s) positively associates with the CSC gene signatures, whereas the CD44 variant splice isoforms (CD44v) exhibit an inverse association. We show that CD44s is the predominant isoform expressed in breast CSCs. Elimination of the CD44s isoform impairs CSC traits. Conversely, manipulating the splicing regulator ESRP1 to shift alternative splicing from CD44v to CD44s leads to an induction of CSC properties. We further demonstrate that CD44s activates the PDGFRβ/Stat3 cascade to promote CSC traits. These results reveal CD44 isoform specificity in CSC and non-CSC states and suggest that alternative splicing provides functional gene versatility that is essential for distinct cancer cell states and thus cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Rhonda L Brown
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Pu Zhao
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Sali Liu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Xuan Liu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yu Deng
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xin D Gao
- Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Arthur M Mercurio
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Hira Lal Goel
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA
| | - Chonghui Cheng
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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13
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Leal-Gutiérrez JD, Rezende FM, Elzo MA, Johnson D, Peñagaricano F, Mateescu RG. Structural Equation Modeling and Whole-Genome Scans Uncover Chromosome Regions and Enriched Pathways for Carcass and Meat Quality in Beef. Front Genet 2018; 9:532. [PMID: 30555508 PMCID: PMC6282042 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural equation models involving latent variables are useful tools for formulating hypothesized models defined by theoretical variables and causal links between these variables. The objectives of this study were: (1) to identify latent variables underlying carcass and meat quality traits and (2) to perform whole-genome scans for these latent variables in order to identify genomic regions and individual genes with both direct and indirect effects. A total of 726 steers from an Angus-Brahman multibreed population with records for 22 phenotypes were used. A total of 480 animals were genotyped with the GGP Bovine F-250. The single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction method was used to estimate the amount of genetic variance explained for each latent variable by chromosome regions of 20 adjacent SNP-windows across the genome. Three types of genetic effects were considered: (1) direct effects on a single latent phenotype; (2) direct effects on two latent phenotypes simultaneously; and (3) indirect effects. The final structural model included carcass quality as an independent latent variable and meat quality as a dependent latent variable. Carcass quality was defined by quality grade, fat over the ribeye and marbling, while the meat quality was described by juiciness, tenderness and connective tissue, all of them measured through a taste panel. From 571 associated genomic regions (643 genes), each one explaining at least 0.05% of the additive variance, 159 regions (179 genes) were associated with carcass quality, 106 regions (114 genes) were associated with both carcass and meat quality, 242 regions (266 genes) were associated with meat quality, and 64 regions (84 genes) were associated with carcass quality, having an indirect effect on meat quality. Three biological mechanisms emerged from these findings: postmortem proteolysis of structural proteins and cellular compartmentalization, cellular proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes, and fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda M. Rezende
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Mauricio A. Elzo
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Dwain Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Francisco Peñagaricano
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Raluca G. Mateescu
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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14
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Seledtsov VI, Seledtsova GV. Attaining threshold antibody cytotoxicity for selective tumor cell destruction: an opinion article. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35790-35794. [PMID: 30515270 PMCID: PMC6254663 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a novel immunotherapeutic paradigm that justifies application of several antibodies to various membrane-associated antigens to achieve a critical threshold density of immune complexes on the surface of cancer cells sufficient for triggering downstream cytolytic pathways. Indeed, some cancer-associated antigens (such as cancer/testis antigens) were found to be expressed on many cancer (but not normal) cells, with their baseline membrane expression levels being originally quite low for some of them, or even further down-regulated due to immune-driven cell selection. To achieve the mandatory threshold density of membrane-associated immune complexes on malignant cells, the concept stipulates combined application of antibodies specific for a cancer-associated antigen along with antibodies against an antigen expressed not only on tumor, but also on normal cells. In the proposed scenario it is of vital importance that the latter antibodies should be applied in suboptimal dosage to exclude the destruction of normal cells devoid of a cancer-associated antigen. Malignant cells often co-express antigens not present concurrently on normal cells at high levels. In such cases, suboptimal dosages of antibodies specific for those antigens could also be applied to achieve cumulative effect leading to selective destruction of tumour cells. Hence, the described immunotherapeutic technology could be used metaphorically speaking as a kind of ‘immunological knife’, which is capable of highly selective destruction of cancer cells without destroying normal cells.
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15
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Chen G, Wang Q, Yang Q, Li Z, Du Z, Ren M, Zhao H, Song Y, Zhang G. Circular RNAs hsa_circ_0032462, hsa_circ_0028173, hsa_circ_0005909 are predicted to promote CADM1 expression by functioning as miRNAs sponge in human osteosarcoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202896. [PMID: 30153287 PMCID: PMC6112665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor with a high fatality rate. Many circRNAs have been proved to play important roles in the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, the occurrence of circRNAs in OS remains little known. METHODS The circular RNA (circRNA) expression file GSE96964 dataset, which included seven osteosarcoma cell lines and one control sample (osteoblast cell line), was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to explore the potential function of circRNAs in osteosarcoma by competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) analysis. Three gene expression profiles of OS were downloaded from GEO database and then used for the pathway enrichment analysis, Venn analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Real-time qPCR validation and RNA interference were conducted to verify our prediction. RESULTS Differentially expressed circRNAs between OS and control, including 8 up-regulated and 102 down-regulated circRNAs, were generated and ceRNA analysis for 5 most up-regulated or 5 most down-regulated circRNAs in OS were then performed. The pathway enrichment analysis of gene expression profiles indicated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of three gene profiles significantly enriched in cell cycle pathway, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) pathway, oxidative phosphorylation pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, p53 signaling pathway and proteoglycans in cancer pathway, which were critical important pathways in the pathogenesis of OS. The Venn analysis showed that 2 (one is a pseudogene) up-regulated and 39 down-regulated DEGs were co-expressed in all three gene profiles. Then PPI networks of 41 co-expressed DEGs (up- and down-regulated DEGs) were constructed to predict their functions using the GeneMANIA. The expression levels of these related RNAs also matched our predictions really well. CONCLUSION Ultimately, we found cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) gene was not only a co-expression mRNA of the three mRNA expression profiles of OS, but also are predicted to be regulated by hsa_circ_0032462, hsa_circ_0028173, hsa_circ_0005909 by functioning as miRNAs 'Sponge' in human osteosarcoma. These over-expressed circRNAs may result in the over expression of CADM1 which promote the development of OS. We envision this discovery of these important moleculars, incuding hsa_circ_0032462, hsa_circ_0028173, hsa_circ_0005909 and CADM1 may lead to further development of new concepts, thus allowing for more opportunities in diagnosis and therapy of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Research Centre of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Research Centre of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Research Centre of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaoyan Li
- Department of Orthopedics of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhenwu Du
- Department of Orthopedics of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Research Centre of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ming Ren
- Department of Orthopedics of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haiyue Zhao
- Research Centre of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Orthopedics of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (GZ); (YS)
| | - Guizhen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Research Centre of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- The Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnosis and Cell Treatment for Metabolic Bone Diseases of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (GZ); (YS)
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16
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Yang H, Peng Z, Liang M, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Huang T, Jiang Y, Jiang B, Wang Y. The miR-17-92 cluster/QKI2/β-catenin axis promotes osteosarcoma progression. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25285-25293. [PMID: 29861871 PMCID: PMC5982768 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quaking(QKI) is an RNA binding protein, and it has been shown to serve as a tumor suppressor. However, the expression and functions of QKI in osteosarcoma progression remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression of QKI2 in osteosarcoma tissues and to determine the mechanisms underlying aberrant QKI2 expression and the effect of QKI2 on osteosarcoma progression. We found that QKI2 was significantly down-regulated in osteosarcoma tissues compared with adjacent normal bone tissues. Using a series of molecular biological techniques, we demonstrated that all members of the miR-17-92 cluster were up-regulated and contributed to the down-regulation of QKI2 expression in osteosarcoma. Functional examination showed that QKI2 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells via decreasing the expression of β-catenin. Conclusively, we revealed that the regulatory axis consisting of the miR-17-92 cluster/QKI2/β-catenin plays a crucial role in the development and progression of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhibin Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianwen Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yudong Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yansong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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17
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Naik PP, Mukhopadhyay S, Panda PK, Sinha N, Das CK, Mishra R, Patil S, Bhutia SK. Autophagy regulates cisplatin-induced stemness and chemoresistance via the upregulation of CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Prolif 2017; 51. [PMID: 29171106 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We inspected the relevance of CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 in OSCC stemness and deciphered the role of autophagy/mitophagy in regulating stemness and chemoresistance. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 with respect to the various clinico-pathological factors and their correlation was analysed in sixty OSCC samples. Furthermore, the stemness and chemoresistance were studied in resistant oral cancer cells using sphere formation assay, flow cytometry and florescence microscopy. The role of autophagy/mitophagy was investigated by transient transfection of siATG14, GFP-LC3, tF-LC3, mKeima-Red-Mito7 and Western blot analysis of autophagic and mitochondrial proteins. RESULTS In OSCC, high CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 expressions were correlated with higher tumour grades and poor differentiation and show significant correlation in their co-expression. In vitro and OSCC tissue double labelling confirmed that CD44+ cells co-expresses ABCB1 and ADAM17. Further, cisplatin (CDDP)-resistant FaDu cells displayed stem-like features and higher CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 expression. Higher autophagic flux and mitophagy were observed in resistant FaDu cells as compared to parental cells, and inhibition of autophagy led to the decrease in stemness, restoration of mitochondrial proteins and reduced expression of CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17. CONCLUSION The CD44+ /ABCB1+ /ADAM17+ expression in OSCC is associated with stemness and chemoresistance. Further, this study highlights the involvement of mitophagy in chemoresistance and autophagic regulation of stemness in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajna Paramita Naik
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhadip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Prashanta Kumar Panda
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika Sinha
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Chandan Kanta Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Rajakishore Mishra
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | | | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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18
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Interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 and HOXC8 co-activate cadherin 11 transcription to promote breast cancer cells proliferation and migration. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107477-107491. [PMID: 29296180 PMCID: PMC5746082 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin 11 (CDH11) expression is detected only in invasive breast cancer cells and aggressive breast cancer specimens. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of CDH11 transcriptional regulation. Here, we report that interleukin enhancer binding factor 3 (ILF3) interacts with Homeobox C8 (HOXC8) to activate CDH11 transcription in breast cancer cells. Using co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analyses, ILF3 is shown to interact with HOXC8 in breast cancer cells. We demonstrate that ILF3 binds to the CDH11 promoter on nucleotides –2982 ~ –2978 and –2602 ~ 2598 and interacts with HOXC8 to co-activate CDH11 transcription. We further show that ILF3 promotes proliferation and migration, at least partially, by facilitating CDH11 expression in breast cancer cells. Moreover, immunohistochemistry (IHC) shows that expression of CDH11, ILF3 and HOXC8 are all upregulated in breast cancer specimens compared to normal breast tissues. Importantly, the expression levels of CDH11, ILF3 and HOXC8 are elevated in the advanced stages of breast cancer, and high expression of CDH11, ILF3 and HOXC8 is associated with poor distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) for breast cancer patients.
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19
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Zhang Y, Lun L, Zhu B, Wang Q, Ding C, Hu Y, Huang W, Zhou L, Chen X, Huang H. Diagnostic accuracy of CD44V6 for osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2016; 11:133. [PMID: 27809879 PMCID: PMC5094028 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-016-0470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, more and more evidences have revealed the association between CD44V6 and osteosarcoma (OS), but whether it can be used as a clinical biomarker is still unknown. The purpose of this study is to assess the diagnostic value of CD44V6 in OS by conducting a meta-analysis. Methods All relevant electronic literatures were collected from seven international databases together with three Chinese databases up to April 23, 2016. Eligible studies were selected through multiple search strategies and the quality was assessed by QUADAS. Data was extracted from studies according to the key statistics index. All analyses were performed using STATA 12 and Meta-DiSc 1.4 statistical software. Results According to the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 8 literatures were retrieved, accounting for 463 cases and 188 controls. For discriminating OS from benign bone tumor or healthy controls, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.91 (95 % CI 0.88–0.93). Overall, the results showed pooled sensitivity of 0.743 (95 % CI 0.606–0.844) and specificity of 0.897 (95 % CI 0.818–0.945), respectively. Substantial heterogeneity was detected in this study (I2 = 90 %). The publication bias was assessed by using Deeks’ asymmetry test (p = 0.795). No evidence of heterogeneity from threshold effects was detected by the Spearman correlation coefficient (−0.506, p = 0.201). Meta-regression was performed to mining the source of heterogeneity, and subgroup analysis showed that neither the cut-off values nor the control groups were the source of heterogeneity. Conclusions The present results suggest that promoted CD44V6 expression levels are associated with OS and CD44V6 may be used as a diagnostic marker for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Lun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Baozhi Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunming Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Hu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Huang
- Department of Infection Control, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Zhou
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designated by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China. .,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou Province, China.
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Zhang Y, Ding C, Wang J, Sun G, Cao Y, Xu L, Zhou L, Chen X. Prognostic significance of CD44V6 expression in osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2015; 10:187. [PMID: 26697855 PMCID: PMC4690422 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-015-0328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous individual studies evaluating the relationship between CD44V6 over-expression and prognostic impact in patients with osteosarcoma (OS) have yielded in conclusive results. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the value of cell adhesion molecule CD44V6 in prognosis of OS by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed (medline), Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, Springer, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, BioMed Central, ScienceDirect, Wanfang, Weipu, and China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) databases from inception through May 26, 2015. All available articles written in English or Chinese that investigated the expression of CD44V6 and the prognosis of OS were included. The quantity of the studies was evaluated according to the critical review checklist of the Dutch Cochrane Centre proposed by MOOSE. Finally, a total of eight studies with 486 OS patients were involved and the results indicated that the positive expression of CD44V6 predicts neoplasm metastasis (RR = 1.76, 95 % CI 1.38-2.25, p < 0.00001), and poor survival in OS with the pooled HR of 1.53 (95 % CI 1.25-1.88, p < 0.0001). No significant heterogeneity was observed among all studies. In conclusion, the present meta-analysis and systematic review strongly suggest that CD44V6 over-expression is associated with overall survival rate and metastasis in OS, and may be used as a prognostic biomarker to guide the clinical therapy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Chunming Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designated by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guirong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yongxian Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Longqiang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics designated by Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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21
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VON Bülow C, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Löning T, Trillsch F, Mahner S, Milde-Langosch K. Cadherin-11 mRNA and protein expression in ovarian tumors of different malignancy: No evidence of oncogenic or tumor-suppressive function. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 3:1067-1072. [PMID: 26623052 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin-11 (CDH11, OB-cadherin) is a mesenchymal cadherin found to be upregulated in various types of tumors and implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. In order to determine the role of CDH11 expression in ovarian tumors, we performed a combined reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis and immunohistochemical study on a large cohort of benign, borderline and invasive ovarian tumors. The RT-qPCR and western blot analysis demonstrated that the CDH11 expression was high in benign cystadenomas and decreased with increasing malignancy. This may be explained by the different tumor-stroma ratios, since immunohistochemistry revealed strong staining of stromal cells, particularly vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, but only weak cytoplasmic or nuclear immunoreactivity of cancer cells. Within the group of invasive carcinomas, high CDH11 protein expression, as detected by western blot analysis, was found to be significantly correlated with advanced stage and nodal involvement. However, the recurrence-free and overall survival analyses did not reveal any prognostic or predictive significance. In conclusion, in contrast to other tumor types, CDH11 does not play an important role in ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte VON Bülow
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leticia Oliveira-Ferrer
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Trillsch
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karin Milde-Langosch
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
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22
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He A, Yang X, Huang Y, Feng T, Wang Y, Sun Y, Shen Z, Yao Y. CD133+CD44+Cells Mediate in the Lung Metastasis of Osteosarcoma. J Cell Biochem 2015; 116:1719-29. [PMID: 25736420 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aina He
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Yishan Road 600 Shanghai 200233 China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Yishan Road 600 Shanghai 200233 China
| | - Yujing Huang
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Yishan Road 600 Shanghai 200233 China
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Yishan Road 600 Shanghai 200233 China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Yishan Road 600 Shanghai 200233 China
| | - Yuanjue Sun
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Yishan Road 600 Shanghai 200233 China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Yishan Road 600 Shanghai 200233 China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Oncology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Yishan Road 600 Shanghai 200233 China
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23
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Lin YL, Gui SL, Ma JG. Aberrant methylation of CDH11 predicts a poor outcome for patients with bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:647-652. [PMID: 26622548 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of the major mechanisms via which tumor suppressor gene inactivation occurs. For example, hypermethylation of the promoter region of cadherin 11 (CDH11), a novel tumor suppressor gene, frequently occurs in human cancer. In the current study, the methylation status of CDH11 was investigated in bladder cancer tissue samples, and the correlation with clinicopathological features and patient outcome was assessed. The methylation status of CDH11 was detected in 146 bladder cancer tissues and 37 normal bladder epithelial tissues using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, CDH11 mRNA expression levels were examined by quantitative PCR. Subsequently, associations between CDH11 methylation and specific clinicopathological characteristics, as well as patient outcome, were analyzed. Aberrant CDH11 promoter hypermethylation was detected in 63.0% (92/146) of bladder cancer tissues, however, no CDH11 methylation was identified in the control samples; this difference was significant (P<0.05). Furthermore, CDH11 mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in the tumor samples with methylated CDH11 compared with the normal bladder epithelium and tumor samples with unmethylated CDH11 (P<0.05). When the methylation status of CDH11 was correlated with the clinicopathological features, it was identified that CDH11 methylation was significantly associated with poor differentiation (P=0.0440), an advanced disease stage (P=0.0350), a larger tumor size (P=0.0013) and multiple tumors (P=0.0390). In addition, patients with methylated CDH11 exhibited significantly poorer outcomes than patients with unmethylated CDH11 (P=0.0004). Furthermore, multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis indicated that CDH11 methylation was independently associated with a poor outcome in the patients with bladder cancer, with a relative risk of mortality of 6.852 (P=0.0082; 95% confidence interval, 3.461-16.177). The current findings indicate that aberrant CDH11 methylation frequently occurs in bladder cancer, and correlates with malignant behavior and poor outcome. Thus, CDH11 methylation status may be used as an independent prognostic biomarker for patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Li Lin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Jiangsu University, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Liang Gui
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Guo Ma
- Department of Urology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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Abstract
Fibrotic cardiac disease, a leading cause of death worldwide, manifests as substantial loss of function following maladaptive tissue remodeling. Fibrosis can affect both the heart valves and the myocardium and is characterized by the activation of fibroblasts and accumulation of extracellular matrix. Valvular interstitial cells and cardiac fibroblasts, the cell types responsible for maintenance of cardiac extracellular matrix, are sensitive to changing mechanical environments, and their ability to sense and respond to mechanical forces determines both normal development and the progression of disease. Recent studies have uncovered specific adhesion proteins and mechano-sensitive signaling pathways that contribute to the progression of fibrosis. Integrins form adhesions with the extracellular matrix, and respond to changes in substrate stiffness and extracellular matrix composition. Cadherins mechanically link neighboring cells and are likely to contribute to fibrotic disease propagation. Finally, transition to the active myofibroblast phenotype leads to maladaptive tissue remodeling and enhanced mechanotransductive signaling, forming a positive feedback loop that contributes to heart failure. This Commentary summarizes recent findings on the role of mechanotransduction through integrins and cadherins to perpetuate mechanically induced differentiation and fibrosis in the context of cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K Schroer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - W David Merryman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
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25
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Robl B, Pauli C, Botter SM, Bode-Lesniewska B, Fuchs B. Prognostic value of tumor suppressors in osteosarcoma before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:379. [PMID: 25956431 PMCID: PMC4435808 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary bone cancers are among the deadliest cancer types in adolescents, with osteosarcomas being the most prevalent form. Osteosarcomas are commonly treated with multi-drug neoadjuvant chemotherapy and therapy success as well as patient survival is affected by the presence of tumor suppressors. In order to assess the prognostic value of tumor-suppressive biomarkers, primary osteosarcoma tissues were analyzed prior to and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods We constructed a tissue microarray from high grade osteosarcoma samples, consisting of 48 chemotherapy naïve biopsies (BXs) and 47 tumor resections (RXs) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We performed immunohistochemical stainings of P53, P16, maspin, PTEN, BMI1 and Ki67, characterized the subcellular localization and related staining outcome with chemotherapy response and overall survival. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze chemotherapy response and Kaplan-Meier-analysis as well as the Cox proportional hazards model was applied for analysis of patient survival. Results No significant associations between biomarker expression in BXs and patient survival or chemotherapy response were detected. In univariate analysis, positive immunohistochemistry of P53 (P = 0.008) and P16 (P16; P = 0.033) in RXs was significantly associated with poor survival prognosis. In addition, presence of P16 in RXs was associated with poor survival in multivariate regression analysis (P = 0.003; HR = 0.067) while absence of P16 was associated with good chemotherapy response (P = 0.004; OR = 74.076). Presence of PTEN on tumor RXs was significantly associated with an improved survival prognosis (P = 0.022). Conclusions Positive immunohistochemistry (IHC) of P16 and P53 in RXs was indicative for poor overall patient survival whereas positive IHC of PTEN was prognostic for good overall patient survival. In addition, we found that P16 might be a marker of osteosarcoma chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, our study supports the use of tumor RXs to assess the prognostic value of biomarkers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1397-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Robl
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sander Martijn Botter
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Bruno Fuchs
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
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26
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Wang B, Zhu Q, Man X, Guo L, Hao L. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits apoptosis following spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1678-87. [PMID: 25374589 PMCID: PMC4211188 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.141802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rd has a clear neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke. We aimed to verify the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rd in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and explore its anti-apoptotic mechanisms. We established a spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury model in rats through the occlusion of the abdominal aorta below the level of the renal artery for 1 hour. Successfully established models were injected intraperitoneally with 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/kg per day ginsenoside Rd. Spinal cord morphology was observed at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. Intraperitoneal injection of ginsenoside Rd in ischemia/reperfusion injury rats not only improved hindlimb motor function and the morphology of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, but it also reduced neuronal apoptosis. The optimal dose of ginsenoside Rd was 25 mg/kg per day and the optimal time point was 5 days after ischemia/reperfusion. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis showed ginsenoside Rd dose-dependently inhibited expression of pro-apoptotic Caspase 3 and down-regulated the expression of the apoptotic proteins ASK1 and JNK in the spinal cord of rats with spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. These findings indicate that ginsenoside Rd exerts neuroprotective effects against spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury and the underlying mechanisms are achieved through the inhibition of ASK1-JNK pathway and the down-regulation of Caspase 3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baogang Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qingsan Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiaxia Man
- Department of Oncological Gynecology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Liming Hao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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27
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Scholten DJ, Timmer CM, Peacock JD, Pelle DW, Williams BO, Steensma MR. Down regulation of Wnt signaling mitigates hypoxia-induced chemoresistance in human osteosarcoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111431. [PMID: 25347326 PMCID: PMC4210185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of solid bone cancer and remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death for children and young adults. Hypoxia is an element intrinsic to most solid-tumor microenvironments, including that of OS, and is associated with resistance to therapy, poor survival, and a malignant phenotype. Cells respond to hypoxia through alterations in gene expression, mediated most notably through the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) class of transcription factors. Here we investigate hypoxia-induced changes in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, a key signaling cascade involved in OS pathogenesis. We show that hypoxia results in increased expression and signaling activation of HIF proteins in human osteosarcoma cells. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is down-regulated by hypoxia in human OS cells, as demonstrated by decreased active β-catenin protein levels and axin2 mRNA expression (p<0.05). This down-regulation appears to rely on both HIF-independent and HIF-dependent mechanisms, with HIF-1α standing out as an important regulator. Finally, we show that hypoxia results in resistance of human OS cells to doxorubicin-mediated toxicity (6–13 fold increase, p<0.01). These hypoxic OS cells can be sensitized to doxorubicin treatment by further inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (p<0.05). These data support the conclusion that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is down-regulated in human OS cells under hypoxia and that this signaling alteration may represent a viable target to combat chemoresistant OS subpopulations in a hypoxic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J. Scholten
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Christine M. Timmer
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | - Dominic W. Pelle
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- Helen DeVos Childen's Hospital, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bart O. Williams
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Matthew R. Steensma
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- Helen DeVos Childen's Hospital, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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28
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Prognostic role of CD44 expression in osteosarcoma: evidence from six studies. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:140. [PMID: 25112408 PMCID: PMC4261773 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies examining the relationship between CD44 expression and prognostic impact in patients with osteosarcoma have yielded inconclusive results. The aim of this meta-analysis was carried out to investigate the relationship between CD44 expression and the survival in patients with osteosarcoma. Methods We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the prognostic role of CD44 expression on the overall survival rate and metastasis, which compared the positive and negative expression of CD44 in patients of the available studies. Results A detailed search was made in MEDLINE and EMBASE for relevant original articles published in English. Finally, a total of six studies with 329 osteosarcoma patients were involved to estimate the relationship between CD44 expression and metastasis of tumor and overall survival. Positive expressions of CD44 did not predict neoplasm metastasis (RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.00–1.84, P = 0.50), and the results indicated that higher expression of CD44 could not predict poorer survival in osteosarcoma with the pooled HR of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.27–1.13, P = 0.47). Conclusions The findings from this present meta-analysis suggest that CD44 expression is not associated with overall survival rate and metastasis in osteosarcoma. Virtual Slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1373995521295618
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