1
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Roshan MM, Azizi H, Majelan MA, Tabar AN. Sox9 downregulation in non-obstructive azoospermia by UTF1 and mediator role of POU5F1. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:77. [PMID: 38486279 PMCID: PMC10941352 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogenesis is the process of producing mature sperm from Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and this process requires a complex cooperation of different types of somatic and germ cells. Undifferentiated spermatogonia initiate the spermatogenesis and Sertoli cells as the only somatic cells inside of the seminiferous tubule play a key role in providing chemical and physical requirements for normal spermatogenesis, here, we investigated the dysfunction of these cells in non-obstructive azoospermia. MATERIAL AND METHOD In this study, we analyzed the expression of sox9 and UTF1 in the non-obstructive human testis by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, we used the KEGG pathway and bioinformatics analysis to reveal the connection between our object genes and protein. RESULTS The immunohistochemistry analysis of the non-obstructive human seminiferous tubule showed low expression of Sox9 and UTF1 that was detected out of the main location of the responsible cells for these expressions. Our bioinformatics analysis clearly and strongly indicated the relation between UTF1 in undifferentiated spermatogonia and Sox9 in Sertoli cells mediated by POU5F1. CONCLUSION Generally, this study showed the negative effect of POU5F1 as a mediator between Sertoli cells as the somatic cells within seminiferous tubules and undifferentiated spermatogonia as the spermatogenesis initiator germ cells in non-obstructive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mehdinezhad Roshan
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, 49767, Amol, P.O. Box: 49767, Iran
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, 49767, Amol, P.O. Box: 49767, Iran.
| | | | - Amirreza Niazi Tabar
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, 49767, Amol, P.O. Box: 49767, Iran
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2
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Alhefnawy MA, Elmorsy G, Bakry S, El-Amrosy H, Mearaj I, Sabra EA, Badr OM, Ibraheem D, Khalifa T. Evaluation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of non obstructive azoospermia. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2024; 96:12285. [PMID: 38451258 DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2024.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) represents an infertility problem that is usually difficult to treat. Such patients usually have testicular biopsy of germ cell aplasia or spermatogenic arrest. In recent decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) had been studied thoroughly and proved safe and effective regarding their capability for trans-differentiation into different cell types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MSCs local intratesticular injection in induction of spermatogenesis. PATIENTS AND METHOD The current study included 87 infertile non-obstructive azoospermic patients. Clinical assessment and repeated semen analysis with centrifugation were done to confirm azoospermia. Karyotyping and AZF study were done. Some of the patients had previous testicular biopsy proving a lack of sperm in the testes. Single intratesticular injection of purified MSCs suspension was done. RESULTS 20.7% of patients showed sperm in their semen after variable period of time. Hormonal profile among treated patients showed significant improvement regardless success of treatment. Also most of the treated patients appreciated the improvement of their sexual function and libido. CONCLUSIONS Bone marrow derived MSCs could be a new hope and therapeutic modality for treatment of refractory cases of NOA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gamal Elmorsy
- Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
| | - Sayed Bakry
- Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science for Boys in Cairo, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
| | - Hesham El-Amrosy
- Clinical Pathology, Egypt Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo.
| | - Ibrahim Mearaj
- Dermatology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
| | - Ebrahim A Sabra
- Animal cell and tissue culture, Genetic engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Sadat University, Sadat City.
| | - Osama M Badr
- Animal cell and tissue culture, Genetic engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Sadat University, Sadat City.
| | - Dalia Ibraheem
- Department of Tissue engineering, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo.
| | - Taymour Khalifa
- Dermatology and Andrology , Al-Azhar University Faculty of Medicine, Cairo.
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3
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Papa PM, Segabinazzi LGTM, Fonseca-Alves CE, Papa FO, Alvarenga MA. Intratesticular transplantation of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells mitigates testicular destruction after induced heat stress in Miniature-horse stallions. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 132:104961. [PMID: 37925113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Testicular degeneration (TD) is the most frequent cause of sub or infertility in stallions. Currently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been studied as a therapeutic option for several diseases including induced-TD in laboratory animals. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of intratesticular MSC therapy on the testicular histology of stallions submitted to scrotal heat stress. Ten healthy Miniature-horse stallions were submitted to testicular heat stress induced by a heating wrap device (42-45°C). Afterward, the stallions were divided into two groups and treated seven days later. MSCs-treated stallions were treated with an intratesticular injection of 10 × 106 of MSCs diluted in 5 mL of PBS, whereas placebo-treated stallions had 5 mL of PBS intratesticular injected. All stallions had testicular biopsies collected seven days before and one- and 14-days post-heat stress and were castrated 30 days after testicular insult. Tissue sections were stained with H&E and evaluated for the tubular and luminal diameter, epithelial thickness, seminiferous tubules (STs) integrity, the number of spermatozoa in the STs, and the percent of abnormal STs. Significance was set at P≤0.05. In both groups, testicular heat stress damaged the STs (P<0.05). However, STs' parameters were improved in MSCs-treated stallions compared to placebo-treated stallions 30 days after the testicular insult (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that intratesticular MSC therapy provided a therapeutic advantage in rescuing acute TD in stallions. However, further studies are essential to evaluate the benefits of this therapy on semen parameters and stallions with idiopathic TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Papa
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lorenzo G T M Segabinazzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts, West Indies.
| | - Carlos E Fonseca-Alves
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Frederico O Papa
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marco A Alvarenga
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
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4
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Liakath Ali F, Park HS, Beckman A, Eddy AC, Alkhrait S, Ghasroldasht MM, Al-Hendy A, Raheem O. Fertility Protection, A Novel Concept: Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Protect against Chemotherapy-Induced Testicular Cytotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:60. [PMID: 38203232 PMCID: PMC10779299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no viable option for fertility preservation in prepubertal boys. Experimentally, controlled vitrification of testicular tissue has been evaluated and found to cause potential structural damage to the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) niche during cryopreservation. In this report, we leveraged the regenerative effect of human umbilical cord-derived Mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (h-UCMSC-Exo) to protect against testicular damage from the cytotoxic effects of polychemotherapy (CTX). A chemotherapy-induced testicular dysfunctional model was established by CTX treatment with cyclophosphamide and Busulfan in vitro (human Sertoli cells) and in prepubescent mice. We assessed the effects of the exosomes by analyzing cell proliferation assays, molecular analysis, immunohistochemistry, body weight change, serum hormone levels, and fertility rate. Our data indicates the protective effect of h-UCMSC-Exo by preserving the SSC niche and preventing testicular damage in mice. Interestingly, mice that received multiple injections of h-UCMSC-Exo showed significantly higher fertility rates and serum testosterone levels (p < 0.01). Our study demonstrates that h-UCMSC-Exo can potentially be a novel fertility protection approach in prepubertal boys triaged for chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Liakath Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (F.L.A.)
| | - Hang-Soo Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (F.L.A.)
| | - Analea Beckman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (F.L.A.)
| | - Adrian C. Eddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (F.L.A.)
| | - Samar Alkhrait
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (F.L.A.)
| | | | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (F.L.A.)
| | - Omer Raheem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (F.L.A.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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5
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Pozor MA, Benson SM, Macpherson ML, Kelleman AA. Effects of therapeutic ultrasound and moderate heat on stallion testes. Theriogenology 2023; 203:21-32. [PMID: 36966582 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of stem cells into dysfunctional testes is currently being investigated as a therapeutic option for men and stallions with advanced testicular degeneration. This series of "proof of concept" studies aimed to identify a safe and efficient method of inducing severe testicular degeneration to create an optimal equine recipient model for intratesticular stem cell transplantation (SCT). Two ex vivo and two in vivo experiments were conducted. At first, forty testes obtained from castrations were used to identify an effective therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) device and the protocol for increasing intratesticular temperature in stallions. Six min of treatment using the Vetrison Clinic Portable TUS machine raised the intratesticular temperature by 8°C-12.5 °C. This protocol was applied to treat three scrotal testes in three Miniature horse stallions, three times, every other day. Contralateral testes served as controls. There were signs of slight tubular degeneration in treated testes two and three weeks after TUS treatment. The number of seminiferous tubules (STs) with exfoliated germ cells (GCs) was increased in one testis only, three weeks after treatment. The degree of apoptosis of GCs was higher in each treated testis in comparison to the contralateral control testis. Next, the ability of various heating devices to increase intratesticular temperatures to at least 43 °C in stallion testes was tested, using twenty testes obtained from castrations. ThermaCare® Lower Back & Hip Pain Therapy Heatwrap (TC heat wrap) reliably increased intratesticular temperatures and kept them continuously between 43 °C and 48 °C for seven to 8 h. In the follow-up in vivo study, the left testes of three Miniature horse stallions were treated with TUS, after which both testes of each stallion were treated with moderate heat provided by the TC heat wrap (three times, every other day, for 5 h each time). There were signs of moderate tubular degeneration in the samples from all treated testes obtained three weeks after treatments (Heat only or Heat/TUS): areas with hypospermatogenesis, spermatogenic arrest, vacuolized Sertoli cells, numerous STs with exfoliated GCs, increased degree of GCs apoptosis, and changes in three histomorphometric numeric attributes of STs. We concluded that TUS or TC wraps increase intratesticular temperature of the isolated stallion testes. Further, treatment with TUS or moderate heat may induce mild to moderate degenerative changes in stallion testes. However, to achieve more robust result - severe testicular degeneration, our treatment protocol has to be modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata A Pozor
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Susanne M Benson
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Margo L Macpherson
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Audrey A Kelleman
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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6
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Autologous Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy in Infertility: New Strategies and Future Perspectives. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010108. [PMID: 36671799 PMCID: PMC9855776 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Infertility could be associated with a few factors including problems with physical and mental health, hormonal imbalances, lifestyles, and genetic factors. Given that there is a concern about the rise of infertility globally, increased focus has been given to its treatment for the last several decades. Traditional assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been the prime option for many years in solving various cases of infertility; however, it contains significant risks and does not solve the fundamental problem of infertility such as genetic disorders. Attention toward the utilization of MSCs has been widely regarded as a promising option in the development of stem-cell-based infertility treatments. This narrative review briefly presents the challenges in the current ART treatment of infertility and the various potential applications of autologous MSCs in the treatment of these reproductive diseases.
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7
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Ibrahim D, Abozied N, Abdel Maboud S, Alzamami A, Alturki NA, Jaremko M, Alanazi MK, Alhuthali HM, Seddek A. Therapeutic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in cyclophosphamide-induced infertility. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1122175. [PMID: 37033609 PMCID: PMC10073512 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a deadly disease characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. Chemotherapy is one technique of cancer treatment. Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is the most powerful chemotherapy medication, yet it has serious adverse effects. It is an antimitotic medicine that regulates cell proliferation and primarily targets quickly dividing cells, and it has been related to varying levels of infertility in humans. In the current study, we assessed the biochemical, histological, and microscopic evaluations of testicular damage following cyclophosphamide administration. Further, we have explored the potential protective impact of mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) transplantation. The biochemical results revealed that administration of cyclophosphamide increased serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), while it decreased serum concentrations of free testosterone hormone (TH), testicular follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and free testosterone hormone concentrations, testicular total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and testicular activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme. The histology and sperm examinations revealed that cyclophosphamide induced destruction to the architectures of several tissues in the testes, which drastically reduced the Johnsen score as well as the spermatogenesis process. Surprisingly, transplantation of mesenchymal stem cell after cyclophosphamide administration altered the deterioration effect of cyclophosphamide injury on the testicular tissues, as demonstrated by biochemical and histological analysis. Our results indicated alleviation of serum and testicular sex hormones, as well as testicular oxidative stress markers (total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity), and nearly restored the normal appearance of the testicular tissues, Johnsen score, and spermatogenesis process. In conclusion, our work emphasizes the protective pharmacological use of mesenchymal stem cell to mitigate the effects of cyclophosphamide on testicular tissues that impair the spermatogenesis process following chemotherapy. These findings indicate that transferring mesenchymal stem cell to chemotherapy patients could significantly improve spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ibrahim
- The Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Dalia Ibrahim,
| | - Nadia Abozied
- The Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar Abdel Maboud
- The Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Alzamami
- Clinical Laboratory Science Department, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, AlQuwayiyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A. Alturki
- Clinical Laboratory Science Department, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maram Khalil Alanazi
- Pharm.D, Scientific Office and Regulatory Affair Department, Dallah Pharma Company, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayaa M. Alhuthali
- Department of Clinical laboratory sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Seddek
- The Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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8
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Duman BO, Sariboyaci AE, Karaoz E. Bio-engineering of 3-D cell sheets for diabetic rats: Interaction between mesenchymal stem cells and beta cells in functional islet regeneration system. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101919. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Roshandel E, Mehravar M, Nikoonezhad M, Alizadeh AM, Majidi M, Salimi M, Hajifathali A. Cell-Based Therapy Approaches in Treatment of Non-obstructive Azoospermia. Reprod Sci 2022; 30:1482-1494. [PMID: 36380137 PMCID: PMC9666961 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rate of infertility has globally increased in recent years for a variety of reasons. One of the main causes of infertility in men is azoospermia that is defined by the absence of sperm in the ejaculate and classified into two categories: obstructive azoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia. In non-obstructive azoospermia, genital ducts are not obstructed, but the testicles do not produce sperm at all, due to various reasons. Non-obstructive azoospermia in most cases has no therapeutic options other than assisted reproductive techniques, which in most cases require sperm donors. Here we discuss cell-based therapy approaches to restore fertility in men with non-obstructive azoospermia including cell-based therapies of non-obstructive azoospermia using regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies of non-obstructive azoospermia by paracrine and anti-inflammatory pathway, technical and ethical challenges for using different cell sources and alternative options will be described, and then the more effectual approaches will be mentioned as future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Roshandel
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehravar
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nikoonezhad
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Majidi
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salimi
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajifathali
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Hosseini H, DeBenedetto C, Eleswarapu SV, Ng G, Sturm RM. De novo testicular tissue generation from non-testicular cell lines, biologic and synthetic scaffolds: Current findings and future translational applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:954196. [PMID: 36407104 PMCID: PMC9667054 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.954196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, reproductive science has revolutionized the options for biological parenthood for the 20-50% of infertility cases affected by male factors. However, current solutions exclude those who are infertile due to absent testicular tissue. This includes anorchic 46, XY individuals due to trauma or congenital factors and transgender men with a 46, XX genotype. There is a clinical need for methods to restore testicular function independent of pre-existing testicular tissue. This mini-review analyzes studies that have applied non-testicular cell lines to generate germline and non-germline testicular parenchymal components. While only 46, XY cell lines have been evaluated in this context to date, the potential for future application of cell lines from 46, XX individuals is also included. Additionally, the role of varied culture methods, media supplementation, and biologic and synthetic scaffolds to further support testicular parenchyma generation are critiqued. De novo testicular tissue generation in this manner will require a focus on both cellular and environmental aspects of tissue engineering. Put together, these studies highlight the future potential for expanded clinical, reproductive, and endocrine management options for individuals who are currently excluded from aspects of biologic reproduction most consistent with their gender identity and reproductive preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helia Hosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Gladys Ng
- Department of Urology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Renea M. Sturm
- Department of Urology, Los Angeles, CA, United States,UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Renea M. Sturm,
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11
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Tahmasbpour Marzouni E, Stern C, Henrik Sinclair A, Tucker EJ. Stem Cells and Organs-on-chips: New Promising Technologies for Human Infertility Treatment. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:878-906. [PMID: 34967858 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Having biological children remains an unattainable dream for most couples with reproductive failure or gonadal dysgenesis. The combination of stem cells with gene editing technology and organ-on-a-chip models provides a unique opportunity for infertile patients with impaired gametogenesis caused by congenital disorders in sex development or cancer survivors. But how will these technologies overcome human infertility? This review discusses the regenerative mechanisms, applications, and advantages of different types of stem cells for restoring gametogenesis in infertile patients, as well as major challenges that must be overcome before clinical application. The importance and limitations of in vitro generation of gametes from patient-specific human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) will be discussed in the context of human reproduction. The potential role of organ-on-a-chip models that can direct differentiation of hiPSC-derived primordial germ cell-like cells to gametes and other reproductive organoids is also explored. These rapidly evolving technologies provide prospects for improving fertility to individuals and couples who experience reproductive failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisa Tahmasbpour Marzouni
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Catharyn Stern
- Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville and Melbourne IVF, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Henrik Sinclair
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elena Jane Tucker
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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12
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Mesenchymal stem cells promote spermatogonial stem/progenitor cell pool and spermatogenesis in neonatal mice in vitro. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11494. [PMID: 35798781 PMCID: PMC9263145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Prepubertal cancer treatment leads to irreversible infertility in half of the male patients. Current in vitro spermatogenesis protocols and cryopreservation techniques are inadequate to expand spermatogonial stem/progenitor cells (SSPC) from testicles. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) bearing a close resemblance to Sertoli cells, improved spermatogenesis in animal models. We asked if a co-culture setup supported by syngeneic BM-MSC that contributes to the air–liquid interphase (ALI) could lead to survival, expansion and differentiation of SSPCs in vitro. We generated an ALI platform able to provide a real-time cellular paracrine contribution consisting of syngeneic BM-MSCs to neonatal C57BL/6 mice testes. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of this culture system on SSPC pool expansion and spermatogenesis throughout a complete spermatogenic cycle by measuring the number of total germ cells (GC), the undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia, the spermatocytes and the spermatids. Furthermore, we evaluated the testicular cell cycle phases, the tubular and luminal areas using histochemical, immunohistochemical and flow cytometric techniques. Cultures in present of BM-MSCs displayed survival of ID4(+) spermatogonial stem cells (SSC), expansion of SALL4(+) and OCT4(+) SSPCs, VASA(+) total GCs and Ki67(+) proliferative cells at 42 days and an increased number of SCP3(+) spermatocytes and Acrosin(+) spermatids at 28 days. BM-MSCs increased the percentage of mitotic cells within the G2-M phase of the total testicular cell cycle increased for 7 days, preserved the cell viability for 42 days and induced testicular maturation by enlargement of the tubular and luminal area for 42 days in comparison to the control. The percentage of PLZF(+) SSPCs increased within the first 28 days of culture, after which the pool started to get smaller while the number of spermatocytes and spermatids increased simultaneously. Our findings established the efficacy of syngeneic BM-MSCs on the survival and expansion of the SSPC pool and differentiation of spermatogonia to round spermatids during in vitro culture of prepubertal mice testes for 42 days. This method may be helpful in providing alternative cures for male fertility by supporting in vitro differentiated spermatids that can be used for round spermatid injection (ROSI) to female oocyte in animal models. These findings can be further exploited for personalized cellular therapy strategies to cure male infertility of prepubertal cancer survivors in clinics.
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Ganjibakhsh M, Mehraein F, Koruji M, Bashiri Z. The therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of busulfan-induced azoospermic mice. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:153-163. [PMID: 34519944 PMCID: PMC8866597 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The generation of germ cells from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) provides a valuable in vitro platform for infertility modeling. The establishment of these cells is a new approach for assisted reproductive technology (ART) to help infertile patients who lack functional gametes. METHODS Human adipose-derived MSCs were isolated and then characterized for multipotency by flow cytometry, differentiation capacity, and cytogenetic assays. These cells were used in a male germ cell differentiation study. The expression of male germ cell markers was evaluated at day 21 of differentiation using an immunofluorescence assay, flow cytometry, and RT-qPCR. Undifferentiated MSCs were used for transplantation in busulfan-induced azoospermic mice. RESULTS In this study, MSCs were successfully isolated from human adipose tissues which were positive for cell markers such as CD90, CD105, CD73, and CD29 but negative for CD34 and CD45. The results of flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and RT-qPCR analysis at day 21 of differentiation showed that the undifferentiated adipose-derived MSCs are able to differentiate into male germ cells. Additionally, transplantation of undifferentiated MSCs in busulfan-induced azoospermic mice caused spermatogenesis recovery in the majority of seminiferous tubules. CONCLUSION In this study, we showed that differentiation of human adipose-derived MSCs into male germ cells is a useful tool for in vitro study of human germ cell development. Our results demonstrated that cell therapy with adipose-derived MSCs could help the repair of pathological changes in testicular seminiferous tubules. Therefore, it may have a clinical application for the treatment of azoospermia in infertile patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Ganjibakhsh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mehraein
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Koruji
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bashiri
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Wu JX, Xia T, She LP, Lin S, Luo XM. Stem Cell Therapies for Human Infertility: Advantages and Challenges. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221083252. [PMID: 35348026 PMCID: PMC8969497 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221083252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical and mental health and hormonal imbalance are associated with the problems related to infertility and reproductive disorders. The rate of infertility has increased globally over the years, due to various reasons. Given the psychosocial implications of infertility and its effects on the life of the affected people, there has been an increased focus on its treatment over the last several years. Assisted reproductive technology can only solve about 50% of the cases. Moreover, it contains significant risks and does not solve the fundamental problem of infertility. As pluripotent stem cells have the potential to differentiate into almost any type of cell, they have been widely regarded as a promising option in the development of stem cell-based fertility treatments, which could even correct genetic diseases in offspring. These advancements in reproductive biotechnology present both challenges and possibilities for solving infertility problems caused by various unexplainable factors. This review briefly presents the different types of infertility disorders and the potential applications of stem cells in the treatment of these reproductive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xiang Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Li-Ping She
- New England Fertility Institute, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiang-Min Luo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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15
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Safitri E, Purnobasuki H. Effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells cultured under hypoxia to increase the fertility rate in rats ( Rattus norvegicus). Vet World 2021; 14:3056-3064. [PMID: 35017856 PMCID: PMC8743767 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.3056-3064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplanted into the testes of rats with testicular failure can help rescue fertility. However, the low viability of transplanted MSCs limits the success of this treatment. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of MSCs cultured under hypoxia to increase the fertility rate in rats (Rattus norvegicus). MATERIALS AND METHODS Bone marrow-derived MSCs (200 million cells/rat) were transplanted into male rat models with induced infertility (10 rats/treatment group) after 4 days of culture in 21% O2 (normoxia) and 1% O2 (hypoxia). Ten fertile and 10 untreated infertile rats served as controls. In the infertile male rats that had been fasted from food for 5 days, the fasting condition induced malnutrition and then resulted in testicular failure. RESULTS The results indicated that the MSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions were more effective than those cultured in normoxic conditions as a treatment for testicular failure in infertile male rats based on the increased number of cells expressing p63 as a quiescent cell marker and ETV5 as a transcription factor expressed in Sertoli and germ cells. Furthermore, the structure of the seminiferous tubules, which contain spermatogonia, primary and secondary spermatocytes, and spermatid, Sertoli, and Leydig cells, was improved in infertile male rats treated with the MSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION The testicular transplantation of MSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions was an effective treatment for testicular failure in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erma Safitri
- Department of Veterinary Science, Division of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Hery Purnobasuki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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16
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Siregar S, Noegroho BS, Adriansjah R, Mustafa A, Bonar A. The Effect of Intratesticular Injection of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Cell on Testicular Oxidative Stress and Spermatogenesis Process in the Varicocele Rat Model. Res Rep Urol 2021; 13:759-765. [PMID: 34676179 PMCID: PMC8519792 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s330634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Varicocele is the predominant cause of male infertility. Reactive oxygen species was found in varicocele which induce the lipid peroxidation process in the plasma membrane of spermatozoa and may cause damage to spermatozoa in semen and seminiferous tubules, disrupting spermatogenesis. Human adipose derived stem cells (hADSC) can suppress oxidative stress in some oxidative injury model. This study investigate the effect of intratesticular hADSC injection on malondialdehyde (MDA) level and spermatogenesis process by histopathological examination in the varicocele rat model. Methods This is an experimental study. A total sampling of 9 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Group I consist of 1 Wistar rats without any treatment or model (sham group), group II consist of 4 Wistar rats with varicocele model without hADSC therapy (control group), and group III consist of 4 Wistar rats with varicocele model and were given injections of 1.0×106 hADSC cells intratesticularly 30 days after model was made (therapy group). Testicular tissue was harvested for evaluation. Results In all varicocele model rats (group II and III), the result of MDA level in therapy group (2.53 mol/liter) was significantly lower than the MDA level in control group (4.43 mol/liter) (p = 0.01). On histopathological examination, the average Johnson’s Score in the therapy and control group was 9.77 and 9.18, respectively. The analysis showed Johnson’s score in the intervention group was significantly higher (p = 0.018). Conclusion Intratesticular injection of hADSC can help reduce MDA levels and improve spermatogenesis process, which is damaged by varicoceles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safendra Siregar
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Sasongko Noegroho
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ricky Adriansjah
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Akhmad Mustafa
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ananta Bonar
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
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17
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Cetinkaya-Un B, Un B, Akpolat M, Andic F, Yazir Y. Human Amnion Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Conditioned Medium Can Ameliorate X-Irradiation-Induced Testicular Injury by Reducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:944-954. [PMID: 34642916 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Today, infertility affects 15% of couples and half of this rate is due to reproductive problems in men. Radiation-induced damage to the testicles causes sterility depending on the dose. Radiation causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ER stress induces apoptosis. In this study, the effect of human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) and conditioned medium (hAMSCs-CM) on testicular damage induced by ionizing radiation is aimed to be elucidated through ER stress and apoptosis mechanisms. Six gray scrotal irradiation was used to create a testicular injury model. hAMSCs isolated and characterized with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, while 2.5 × 105 hAMSCs were transplanted into testis and hAMSCs-CM was applied. Fertility assessment was performed. Expressions of ER stress markers GRP78, Ire1, Chop and Caspase-12, and Caspase-3 were determined. TUNEL was performed. Serum FSH, LH, and testosterone were measured. After hAMSC transplantation and administration of hAMSCs-CM, offsprings were obtained. Seminiferous tubule diameter and seminiferous epithelial height increased. The expression of GRP78, IRE1α, CHOP, Caspase-12, and Caspase-3 decreased. Percentages of tunel positive cells decreased. While FSH and LH levels decreased, testosterone increased. After irradiation, both hAMSCs transplantation and paracrine activity of hAMSCs may have a role in reducing ER stress by suppressing the UPR response. Decrease in FSH and LH and increase in testosterone level after MSCs transplantation may have contributed to the improvement of spermatogenesis. Thus, it can be said that MSCs derived from human amniotic membrane can improve ionized radiation-induced testicular damage by reducing ER stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Cetinkaya-Un
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medicine Faculty, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
| | - Burak Un
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Health Sciences Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Meryem Akpolat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medicine Faculty, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Fundagul Andic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medicine Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Yusufhan Yazir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medicine Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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18
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Yamchi NN, Rahbarghazi R, Bedate AM, Mahdipour M, Nouri M, Khanbabaee R. Menstrual blood CD146 + mesenchymal stem cells reduced fibrosis rate in the rat model of premature ovarian failure. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:998-1008. [PMID: 34477225 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here, the regenerative potential of menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) was examined on restoration of premature ovarian failure (POF) ovaries in rats' POF model. Freshly isolated CD146+ MenSCs using magnetic-activated cell storing method were immediately injected into ovaries of POF rats. Four and eight weeks after cell administration, both ovarian tissues were sampled for histological examination and the expression of fibrosis-related genes. Serum samples were also prepared for hormonal analysis. At the endpoint, mating trials were performed to assess the fertility of POF rats following MenSC transplantation. Histopathological examination revealed the induction of POF after Ceftriaxone injection by increasing atretic follicles and abnormal morphologies. MenSCs transplantation increased the number of normal follicles and coincided with the reduction of follicular atresia. Biochemical analyses exhibited the reduction and increase of systemic follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and E2 respectively after MenSCs transplantation compared to the POF rats (P < .05). No significant differences in anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) blood levels were detected in this study between POF controls and MenSCs-treated rats. We noted moreover the transcriptional up-regulation of Smad 2, 4, and TGF-β1 in POF rats, and these values were decreased after MenSCs transplantation (P < .01). By contrast, the RNA expression of Smad 6 remained increased in both pre- and post-treatment with MenSCs groups (P < .05). Finally, we found an increase in neonate births in POF rats treated with MenSCs, and that this feature was associated with ovarian rejuvenation through amelioration of fibrosis. These data showed that MenSCs are promising cell lineage for the alleviation of POF in the rat model by controlling the fibrosis rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahideh Nazdikbin Yamchi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alberto Miranda Bedate
- Department of Immune Mechanisms (IMM), Center for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines (IIV), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramazan Khanbabaee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
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19
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Therapeutic Effect of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Human Placental Extract on Testicular Toxicity Resulting from Doxorubicin in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9979670. [PMID: 34409109 PMCID: PMC8367585 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9979670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oncotherapeutics like doxorubicin can affect male gonads; as a result, it leads to infertility. This work was conducted to demonstrate the toxic effects of doxorubicin on testes of male albino rats. Fifty male albino rats aged 5-7 weeks were used in this study. The animals were randomly separated into 5 sets (each set containing ten rats). Group I received saline (i.p.) for 4 weeks. Group II was given doxorubicin (DOX), 5 mg/kg BW (i.p.) once/week for 4 weeks. Groups III and IV were treated in the same way as the DOX group, left for one week without medication, and then injected with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) or human placental extract (HPE) therapy in a single dose of 5 × 106 in 200 ml PRP/week or 40 μl placental extract for 4 weeks via the caudal vein. Group V rats were treated in the same way as the DOX group also, left for one week without medication, and then injected with MSC+HPE. A significant decrease in serum testosterone, FSH, and LH levels was observed in rats treated with DOX compared to the control group. A significant elevation was recorded in rats treated with DOX+MSC or DOX+HPE when compared with the DOX group only. Rats that were given MSC+HPE after DOX intoxication showed a significant increase in hormone levels when compared to rats treated with either MSC or HPE. Light and electron microscopic examinations revealed that DOX intoxication initiated degenerative and necrotic changes in seminiferous tubules associated with partial or complete cessation of spermatogenesis. These effects were reversed by the effect of MSC or HPE. Coadministration of MSC and HPE even showed further improvement. Finally, we can say that doxorubicin has a deleterious impact on rat testes; however, therapeutic effects can be induced through MSC and/or HPE administration.
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20
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Mahboudi S, Parivar K, Mazaheri Z, Irani SH. Mir-106b Cluster Regulates Primordial Germ Cells Differentiation from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:294-302. [PMID: 34308572 PMCID: PMC8286458 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.6836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective Numerous evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators in the spermatogenesis
process. The aim of this study was to investigate Mir-106b cluster regulates primordial germ cells (PGCs) differentiation
from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, samples containing male adipose (n: 9 samples- age: 25-40 years)
were obtained from cosmetic surgeries performed for the liposuction in Imam Khomeini Hospital. The differentiation
of MSCs into PGCs was accomplished by transfection of a lentivector expressing miR-106b. The transfection of miR-
106b was also confirmed by the detection of a clear green fluorescent protein (GFP) signal in MSCs. MSCs were
treated with bone morphogenic factor 4 (BMP4) protein, as a putative inducer of PGCs differentiation, to induce the
differentiation of MSCs into PGCs (positive control). After 4 days of transfection, the expression of miR-106b, STELLA,
and FRAGILIS genes was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also, the levels of thymocyte
differentiation antigen 1 (Thy1) protein was assessed by the western blot analysis. The cell surface expression of CD90
was also determined by immunocytochemistry method. The cytotoxicity of miR-106b was examined in MSCs after 24,
48, and 72 hours using the MTT assay. Results MSCs treated with BMP4 or transfected by miR-106b were successfully differentiated into PGCs. The results
of this study also showed that the expression of miR-106b was significantly increased after 48 hours from transfection.
Also, we showed STELLA, FARGILIS, as well as the protein expression of Thy1, was significantly higher in MSCs
transfected by lentivector expressing miR-106b in comparison with MSCs treated with BMP4 (P≤0.05). MTT assay
showed miR-106b was no toxic during 72 hours in 1 µg/ml dose, that this amount could elevated germ cells marker
significantly higher than other experimental groups (P≤0.05).
Conclusion According to this findings, it appears that miR-106b plays an essential role in the differentiation of MSCs
into PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Mahboudi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri
- Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Histogenotech Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Hiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Cellular Therapy via Spermatogonial Stem Cells for Treating Impaired Spermatogenesis, Non-Obstructive Azoospermia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071779. [PMID: 34359947 PMCID: PMC8304133 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a major health problem affecting about 8–12% of couples worldwide. Spermatogenesis starts in the early fetus and completes after puberty, passing through different stages. Male infertility can result from primary or congenital, acquired, or idiopathic causes. The absence of sperm in semen, or azoospermia, results from non-obstructive causes (pretesticular and testicular), and post-testicular obstructive causes. Several medications such as antihypertensive drugs, antidepressants, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy could lead to impaired spermatogenesis and lead to a non-obstructive azoospermia. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the basis for spermatogenesis and fertility in men. SSCs are characterized by their capacity to maintain the self-renewal process and differentiation into spermatozoa throughout the male reproductive life and transmit genetic information to the next generation. SSCs originate from gonocytes in the postnatal testis, which originate from long-lived primordial germ cells during embryonic development. The treatment of infertility in males has a poor prognosis. However, SSCs are viewed as a promising alternative for the regeneration of the impaired or damaged spermatogenesis. SSC transplantation is a promising technique for male infertility treatment and restoration of spermatogenesis in the case of degenerative diseases such as cancer, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The process involves isolation of SSCs and cryopreservation from a testicular biopsy before starting cancer treatment, followed by intra-testicular stem cell transplantation. In general, treatment for male infertility, even with SSC transplantation, still has several obstacles. The efficiency of cryopreservation, exclusion of malignant cells contamination in cancer patients, and socio-cultural attitudes remain major challenges to the wider application of SSCs as alternatives. Furthermore, there are limitations in experience and knowledge regarding cryopreservation of SSCs. However, the level of infrastructure or availability of regulatory approval to process and preserve testicular tissue makes them tangible and accurate therapy options for male infertility caused by non-obstructive azoospermia, though in their infancy, at least to date.
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22
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Mahiddine FY, Kim MJ. Overview on the Antioxidants, Egg Yolk Alternatives, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Derivatives Used in Canine Sperm Cryopreservation. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1930. [PMID: 34203537 PMCID: PMC8300182 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation is a widely used assisted reproductive technology for canine species. The long-term storage of dog sperm is effective for the breeding of dogs living far apart, scheduling the time of artificial insemination that suits the female, and preventing diseases of the reproductive tract. However, spermatozoa functions are impaired during the freeze-thaw processes, which may decrease reproductive performance. Numerous attempts have been made to restore such impairments, including the use of cryoprotectants to prevent the damage caused by ice crystal formation, and supplementation of antioxidants to reduce reactive oxygen species generation due to osmotic stress during the procedure. Egg yolk derivatives, antioxidants, and, more recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derivatives have been proposed in this research field. This review article will summarize the current literature available on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Mjbiogen Corp., Gwangnaru-ro 144, Seoul 14788, Korea;
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23
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preclinical Infertility Cytotherapy: A Retrospective Review. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:8882368. [PMID: 34054970 PMCID: PMC8143877 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8882368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a global reproductive disorder which is caused by a variety of complex diseases. Infertility affects the individual, family, and community through physical, psychological, social and economic consequences. The results from recent preclinical studies regarding stem cell-based therapies are promising. Stem cell-based therapies cast a new hope for infertility treatment as a replacement or regeneration strategy. The main features and application prospects of mesenchymal stem cells in the future of infertility should be understood by clinicians. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with abundant source, active proliferation, and multidirectional differentiation potential. MSCs play a role through cell homing, secretion of active factors, and participation in immune regulation. Another advantage is that, compared with embryonic stem cells, there are fewer ethical factors involved in the application of MSCs. However, a number of questions remain to be answered prior to safe and effective clinical application. In this review, we summarized the recent status of MSCs in the application of the diseases related to or may cause to infertility and suggest a possible direction for future cytotherapy to infertility.
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24
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Zickri MB, Moustafa MH, Fasseh AEE, Kamar SS. Antioxidant and antiapoptotic paracrine effects of mesenchymal stem cells on spermatogenic arrest in oligospermia rat model. Ann Anat 2021; 237:151750. [PMID: 33940119 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oligospermia is one of the common causative factors of male infertility. Some medical and hormonal therapy for male infertility is typically with unsatisfactory outcome. Stem cell therapy has become a new therapeutic strategy for restoring function in addition to inducing proliferation and differentiation of malfunctioning germ cells. This work aims at investigating the potential ability of BM-MSCs to repair the spermatogenic arrest in oligospermic rat model. METHODS In this work, a rat model of oligospermia was induced using two intraperitoneal injections of busulfan (15 mg/kg) with two weeks interval. Rats were divided into (i) donor group [source of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) that were labelled and transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP)] and (ii) experimental groups that were subdivided into: GpI (control), GpII (spermatogenic arrest model), GpIII (untreated rats), and GpIV (BM-MSCs treated rats). Estimation of the testicular weight, sperm count and motility % were performed. Histological and immunohistochemical staining for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and caspase-3 (Cas-3) were conducted. Besides, the level of the testicular malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and testicular testosterone were estimated by ELISA. RESULTS Oligospermic rats illustrated hypospermatogenesis of the seminiferous tubule with spermatocyte and spermatid arrest, focal thickening of the basement membrane and significant increase in germ cells apoptosis and testicular oxidative stress. Compared with the control, MDA and TNF-α were markedly elevated with marked suppression of the testicular testosterone. Intra-testicular injection of BM-MSCs substantially ameliorated these changes and effectively improved the sperm count and motility %. CONCLUSIONS BM-MSCs improved the induced-spermatogenic arrest in the rat model mainly through anti-apoptotic and antioxidant paracrine effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Baligh Zickri
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hafez Moustafa
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Essam-Eldin Fasseh
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samaa Samir Kamar
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Histology, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt.
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25
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Is It Possible to Treat Infertility with Stem Cells? Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1733-1745. [PMID: 33834375 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infertility is a major health problem, and despite improved treatments over the years, there are still some conditions that cannot be treated successfully using a conventional approach. Therefore, new options are being considered and one of them is cell therapy using stem cells. Stem cell treatments for infertility can be divided into two major groups, the first one being direct transplantation of stem cells or their paracrine factors into reproductive organs and the second one being in vitro differentiation into germ cells or gametes. In animal models, all of these approaches were able to improve the reproductive potential of tested animals, although in humans there is still too little evidence to suggest successful use. The reasons for lack of evidence are unavailability of proper material, the complexity of explored biological processes, and ethical considerations. Despite all of the above-mentioned hurdles, researchers were able to show that in women, it seems to be possible to improve some conditions, but in men, no similar clinically important improvement was achieved. To conclude, the data presented in this review suggest that the treatment of infertility with stem cells seems plausible, because some types of treatments have already been tested in humans, achieving live births, while others show great potential only in animal studies, for now.
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Zhankina R, Baghban N, Askarov M, Saipiyeva D, Ibragimov A, Kadirova B, Khoradmehr A, Nabipour I, Shirazi R, Zhanbyrbekuly U, Tamadon A. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and their exosomes for restoration of spermatogenesis in non-obstructive azoospermia: a systemic review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:229. [PMID: 33823925 PMCID: PMC8025392 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have been introduced as new promising therapeutic agents in treatment of degenerative diseases because of having high differentiation potential while maintaining the ability to self-replicate and retaining features of their source cells. Among different type of cell therapies, mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) therapy is being increasingly developed as a new way to treat structural defects that need to be repaired and regenerated. Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a reproductive disease in men that causes infertility in 10% of infertile men. Based on in vitro studies, MSCs from different tissue sources have been differentiated into germ cells or gamete progenitor cells by simple methods in both male and female. On the other hand, the therapeutic effects of MSCs have been evaluated for the treatment of NOA animal models created by chemical or surgical compounds. The results of these studies confirmed successful allotransplantation or xenotransplantation of MSCs in the seminiferous tubules. As well, it has been reported that exosomes secreted by MSCs are able to induce the process of spermatogenesis in the testes of infertile animal models. Despite numerous advances in the treatment of reproductive diseases in men and women with the help of MSCs or their exosomes, no clinical trial has been terminated on the treatment of NOA. This systematic review attempts to investigate the possibility of MSC therapy for NOA in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rano Zhankina
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Neda Baghban
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, 7514633196 Iran
| | - Manarbek Askarov
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Dana Saipiyeva
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Almaz Ibragimov
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Bakhyt Kadirova
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, 7514633196 Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, 7514633196 Iran
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Medicine, UNSW Sydney, PO Box 2052, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ulanbek Zhanbyrbekuly
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, 7514633196 Iran
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Mobarak H, Heidarpour M, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M, Mahdipour M. Amniotic fluid-derived exosomes improved spermatogenesis in a rat model of azoospermia. Life Sci 2021; 274:119336. [PMID: 33716061 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of amniotic fluid-derived extracellular vesicles including exosomes (AF-Exos) on the recovery of sperm production capacity in a rat model of azoospermia. MAIN METHODS The non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) was induced in rats using intratesticular administration of Busulfan. Azoospermia was confirmed by testis histology. AF-Exos samples containing 10 or 40 μg exosomal proteins were injected into testicular tissue of NOA rats. After two months, the recovery of spermatogenesis was monitored via histopathological staining, spermiogram, and hormonal analysis. Immunohistochemistry staining for OCT-3/4 was used to identify of spermatogonial progenitors. The expression of DAZL and VASA, was also measured. KEY FINDINGS AF-Exos exhibited sphere-shaped morphology with the mean diameter and zeta potential of 50 ± 7.521 nm and -7.16 mV. Immunoblots revealed that isolated nanoparticles were CD63, CD9, and CD81 positive. Histopathological evaluation revealed that spermatogenesis was improved significantly in NOA rats after AF-Exos injection. Data showed that the sperm parameters and spermatogenesis index were significantly improved after AF-Exos injection compared to azoospermic groups. OCT-3/4+ cells were increased in NOA rats after AF-Exos injection, showing the restoration of spermatogenesis. In the present study, both doses of exosome (10 and 40 μg) restored the testicular function of NOA rats. DAZL and VASA were increased significantly in animals who received 40 μg exosomal protein compared to azoospermic rats. Except in a high dose of AF-Exos (40 μg) for Testosterone and FSH, no statistically significant differences were found regarding hormones post-exosome injection. SIGNIFICANCE Our study demonstrated that AF-Exos regenerated spermatogenesis and improved sperm quality in NOA rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halimeh Mobarak
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heidarpour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974 Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5165665811 Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166653431 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166615739 Tabriz, Iran; Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166653431 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166615739 Tabriz, Iran; Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166653431 Tabriz, Iran.
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Mashiach J, Zohni K, Lopez L, Filice M, Garcia M, Wyse B, Glass K, Dviri M, Baram S, Gauthier-Fisher A, Librach CL. Human umbilical cord perivascular cells prevent chemotherapeutic drug-induced male infertility in a mouse model. F&S SCIENCE 2021; 2:24-32. [PMID: 35559762 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study whether intratesticular (IT) administration of 2 sources of human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVC), rich and potent sources of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), before chemotherapy can prevent infertility in a mouse model. DESIGN Two control groups of CD1 male mice without busulfan (BUS) administration (untreated and IT media injection groups) were included. Experimental groups included IT administration of media, first trimester (FTM) HUCPVCs or term HUCPVCs (n = 5 each) injected 3 days before BUS treatment (20 mg/kg). All groups were included in a mating time course study over 6 months. SETTING Preclinical study in a fertility center research laboratory. PATIENTS Not applicable. INTERVENTION IT delivery of FTM or term HUCPVC before BUS treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pregnancies, litter sizes, and gross morphology of offspring were monitored. Caudal epididymal sperm concentration, motility, and progressive motility were assessed by computer-assisted sperm analysis. Spermatogenesis was also assessed histologically in testicular tissue sections. RESULTS FTM and term HUCPVC displayed an MSC-associated immunophenotype and expressed transcripts encoding paracrine factors known to regulate the testicular cell niche. IT administration of FTM and term HUCPVC before chemotherapy promoted the recovery of spermatogenesis and fertility compared with BUS-treated animals that received a media injection. Although the total number of pups sired over 6 months by males treated with FTM or term HUCPVC was reduced compared with untreated or media-injected controls, litter size and sperm parameters in fertile animals did not differ between control and cell-treated groups. CONCLUSION HUCPVC represent a promising source of MSC-based therapy to prevent gonadotoxic chemotherapeutic drug-induced infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khaled Zohni
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Heartland Fertility and Gynecology clinic, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Karen Glass
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michal Dviri
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shira Baram
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | | | - Clifford L Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Gynecology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Zohni K, Lopez L, Mander P, Szaraz P, Filice M, Wyse BA, Garcia M, Gat I, Glass K, Gauthier-Fisher A, Librach CL. Human umbilical cord perivascular cells maintain regenerative traits following exposure to cyclophosphamide. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:133-146. [PMID: 33387641 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapies can cause germ cell depletion and gonadal failure. When injected post-chemotherapy, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from various sources have been shown to have regenerative effects in rodent models of chemotherapy-induced gonadal injury. Here, we evaluated two properties of a novel source of MSC, first trimester (FTM) human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) (with increased regenerative potential compared to older sources), that may render them a promising candidate for chemotherapeutic gonadal injury prevention. Firstly, their ability to resist the cytotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide (CTX) in vitro, as compared to term HUCPVCs and bone marrow cells (BMSCs); and secondly, whether they prevent gonadal dysfunction if delivered prior to gonadotoxic therapy in vivo. BMSC, FTM HUCPVC, term HUCPVC, and control NTERA2 cells were treated with moderate (150 μmol/L) and high (300 μmol/L) doses of CTX in vitro. Viability, proliferative capacity, mesenchymal cell lineage markers and differentiation capacity, immunogenicity, and paracrine gene expression were assessed. CTX was administered to Wistar rats 2 days following an intra-ovarian injection of FTM HUCPVC. HUCPVC survival and ovarian follicle numbers were assessed using histological methods. We conclude that FTM HUCPVC maintain key regenerative properties following chemotherapy exposure and that pre-treatment with these cells may prevent CTX-induced ovarian damage in vivo. Therefore, HUCPVCs are promising candidates for fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Zohni
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Heartland Fertility and Gynecology Clinic, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianet Lopez
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Peter Szaraz
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Itai Gat
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Ramat Gan, Affiliated to Sackler Medical School, University of Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen Glass
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Clifford L Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Gynecology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Conditioned Medium from Canine Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improved Dog Sperm Post-Thaw Quality-Related Parameters. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10101899. [PMID: 33081332 PMCID: PMC7603003 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives are used in clinical studies for their anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, and regenerative properties. Their use in reproductive medicine is increasing as they have been proved to be beneficial for infertility treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells can secrete factors that influence biological processes in target tissues or cells; these factors are either directly secreted by the cells or mediated through their derivatives. Although the amniotic membrane is easy to obtain and is a good source of stem cells, clinical trials using amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells are still uncommon, especially in reproductive medicine or artificial reproductive technologies. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the effects of conditioned medium prepared from amniotic membrane-derived stem cells on dog sperm cryopreservation. Our results showed that 10% of the conditioned medium enhanced the quality-related parameters of frozen–thawed sperm cells because of the presence of antioxidants and growth factors in the medium, which probably protected spermatozoa during the freeze–thaw process. These results suggest that conditioned media prepared from amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells might have clinical applications in assisted reproductive technologies. Abstract This study investigated the effects of conditioned medium (CM) from canine amniotic membrane-derived MSCs (cAMSCs) on dog sperm cryopreservation. For this purpose, flow cytometry analysis was performed to characterize cAMSCs. The CM prepared from cAMSCs was subjected to proteomic analysis for the identification of proteins present in the medium. Sperm samples were treated with freezing medium supplemented with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of the CM, and kinetic parameters were evaluated after 4–6 h of chilling at 4 °C to select the best concentration before proceeding to cryopreservation. Quality-related parameters of frozen–thawed sperm were investigated, including motility; kinetic parameters; viability; integrity of the plasma membrane, chromatin, and acrosome; and mitochondrial activity. The results showed that 10% of the CM significantly enhanced motility, viability, mitochondrial activity, and membrane integrity (p < 0.05); however, the analysis of chromatin and acrosome integrity showed no significant differences between the treatment and control groups. Therefore, we concluded that the addition of 10% CM derived from cAMSC in the freezing medium protected dog sperm during the cryopreservation process.
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Moussa MH, Hamam GG, Abd Elaziz AE, Rahoma MA, Abd El Samad AA, El-Waseef DAA, Hegazy MA. Comparative Study on Bone Marrow-Versus Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Regeneration and Re-Innervation of Skeletal Muscle Injury in Wistar Rats. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:887-900. [PMID: 33030680 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle injuries are frequent clinical challenges due to associated fibrosis and disability. Regenerative medicine is an emerging promising strategy for such cases. The aim of this study was to compare between the effects of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) versus adipose tissue stromal cells (ADSCs) on regeneration and re-innervation of skeletal muscle laceration injury in Wistar rats at different time intervals. METHODS Six young male rats were used as a source of allogenic MSCs. Eighty-four adult female rats were divided into: Group I (control), Group II (Untreated Laceration): right gluteal muscle was lacerated and left for spontaneous healing, Group III (BM-MSCs): right gluteal muscle was lacerated with concomitant local intramuscular injection of 1 × 106 BM-MSCs in the lacerated muscle, Group IV (ADSCs): right gluteal muscle was lacerated with concomitant local intramuscular injection of 1 × 106 ADSCs in lacerated muscle. Rats were sacrificed after one, two and eight weeks. Muscles were processed to prepare sections stained with H&E, Mallory's trichrome and immune-histochemical staining (neurofilament light chain). RESULTS A significant increase in collagen fibers and failure of re-innervation were noticed in untreated laceration group. BM-MSCs-treated groups showed regeneration of muscle fibers but with increased collagen fibers. Meanwhile, ADSCs showed better regenerative effects evidenced by significant increase in the number of myotubes and significant decrease in collagen deposition. Re-innervation was noticed in MSCs-injected muscles after 8 weeks of laceration. CONCLUSION Both BM-MSCs and ADSCs improved regeneration of skeletal muscle laceration injury at short- and long-term durations. However, fibrosis was less in ADSCs-treated rats. Effective re-innervation of injured muscles occurred only at the long-term duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal H Moussa
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, El-Khalyfa El-Mamoun Street Abbasya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada G Hamam
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, El-Khalyfa El-Mamoun Street Abbasya, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa E Abd Elaziz
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, El-Khalyfa El-Mamoun Street Abbasya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Rahoma
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, El-Khalyfa El-Mamoun Street Abbasya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Abd El Samad
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, El-Khalyfa El-Mamoun Street Abbasya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia A A El-Waseef
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, El-Khalyfa El-Mamoun Street Abbasya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hegazy
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, El-Khalyfa El-Mamoun Street Abbasya, Cairo, Egypt
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The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Tissue Damage. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:356-373. [PMID: 30937640 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy constitutes one of the key treatment modalities for solid and hematological malignancies. Albeit being an effective treatment, chemotherapy application is often limited by its damage to healthy tissues, and curative treatment options for chemotherapy-related side effects are largely missing. As mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known to exhibit regenerative capacity mainly by supporting a beneficial microenvironment for tissue repair, MSC-based therapies may attenuate chemotherapy-induced tissue injuries. An increasing number of animal studies shows favorable effects of MSC-based treatments; however, clinical trials for MSC therapies in the context of chemotherapy-related side effects are rare. In this concise review, we summarize the current knowledge of the effects of MSCs on chemotherapy-induced tissue toxicities. Both preclinical and early clinical trials investigating MSC-based treatments for chemotherapy-related side reactions are presented, and mechanistic explanations about the regenerative effects of MSCs in the context of chemotherapy-induced tissue damage are discussed. Furthermore, challenges of MSC-based treatments are outlined that need closer investigations before these multipotent cells can be safely applied to cancer patients. As any pro-tumorigenicity of MSCs needs to be ruled out prior to clinical utilization of these cells for cancer patients, the pro- and anti-tumorigenic activities of MSCs are discussed in detail.
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Abdel Latif H, Abdel Khalek R, AbdelGalil W, AbdAllah H, Fawzy A, AbdelFattah S. Nanocurcumin versus mesenchymal stem cells in ameliorating the deleterious effects in the cadmium-induced testicular injury: A crosstalk between oxidative and apoptotic markers. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13760. [PMID: 32692431 DOI: 10.1111/and.13760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a grave occupational pollutant, can result in; testicular damage. This study was designed to distinguish the potential effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) versus that of curcumin nanoemulsion on Cd-induced testicular damage. Fifty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were distributed into five groups; control, sham control, Cd-treated, stem cell-treated and nanocurcumin-treated groups. Histological, immune histochemical; caspase 3 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CD 68, testosterone levels, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde (MDA)/glutathione (GSH) superoxide, dismutase (SOD), Western blot; B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2), BCL2-Associated X Protein (BAX), BAX/Bcl-2 ratio and morphometry were done. Cadmium-treated group showed degenerated, detached seminiferous tubules, vacuolations and wide interstitial spaces containing fluid exudates. The same group revealed increased expression of BAX, BAX/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase 3, CD 68 and increased mean values of MDA, NO. Concomitantly, Cd has significant reduction in PCNA, Bcl-2 and sperm cell count when compared to control group. BM-MSCs- and nanocurcumin-treated groups revealed well-structured tubules and were perceived to expressively enhance the deleterious changes induced by Cd. The injurious changes on the testis induced by Cd were obviously improved when treated with either MSCs or nano-curcumin. BM-MSCs exerted more ameliorative changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Abdel Latif
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Abdel Khalek
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walid AbdelGalil
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend AbdAllah
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Fawzy
- Medical Physiology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen AbdelFattah
- Anatomy and Embryology, Kasralainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Can mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate testicular damage? Current researches. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.770063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ghanbari E, Khazaei M, Ghahremani-Nasab M, Mehdizadeh A, Yousefi M. Novel therapeutic approaches of tissue engineering in male infertility. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 380:31-42. [PMID: 32043209 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Male reproductive organ plays an important role in sperm production, maintenance and entry to the female reproductive tract, as well as generation and secretion of male sex hormones responsible for the health of male reproductive system. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the experimental and clinical evidence on the utilization of tissue engineering techniques in treating male infertility. Tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine have developed new approaches to treat patients with reproductive disorders such as iatrogenic injuries, congenital abnormalities, and trauma. In some cases, including congenital defects and undescended testis or hypogonadism, the sperm samples are not retrieved. This makes TE a possible future strategy for restoration of male fertility. Here, we have summarized the recent advances in experimental and clinical application of cell-, tissue-, and organ-based regenerative medicine in male reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghanbari
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Comprehensive Health Laboratory, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Bishop TF, Van Eenennaam AL. Genome editing approaches to augment livestock breeding programs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 223:223/Suppl_1/jeb207159. [PMID: 32034040 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.207159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The prospect of genome editing offers a number of promising opportunities for livestock breeders. Firstly, these tools can be used in functional genomics to elucidate gene function, and identify causal variants underlying monogenic traits. Secondly, they can be used to precisely introduce useful genetic variation into structured livestock breeding programs. Such variation may include repair of genetic defects, the inactivation of undesired genes, and the moving of useful alleles and haplotypes between breeds in the absence of linkage drag. Editing could also be used to accelerate the rate of genetic progress by enabling the replacement of the germ cell lineage of commercial breeding animals with cells derived from genetically elite lines. In the future, editing may also provide a useful complement to evolving approaches to decrease the length of the generation interval through in vitro generation of gametes. For editing to be adopted, it will need to seamlessly integrate with livestock breeding schemes. This will likely involve introducing edits into multiple elite animals to avoid genetic bottlenecks. It will also require editing of different breeds and lines to maintain genetic diversity, and enable structured cross-breeding. This requirement is at odds with the process-based trigger and event-based regulatory approach that has been proposed for the products of genome editing by several countries. In the absence of regulatory harmony, researchers in some countries will have the ability to use genome editing in food animals, while others will not, resulting in disparate access to these tools, and ultimately the potential for global trade disruptions.
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Khamis T, Abdelalim AF, Abdallah SH, Saeed AA, Edress NM, Arisha AH. Early intervention with breast milk mesenchymal stem cells attenuates the development of diabetic-induced testicular dysfunction via hypothalamic Kisspeptin/Kiss1r-GnRH/GnIH system in male rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gauthier-Fisher A, Kauffman A, Librach CL. Potential use of stem cells for fertility preservation. Andrology 2019; 8:862-878. [PMID: 31560823 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infertility and gonadal dysfunction can result from gonadotoxic therapies, environmental exposures, aging, or genetic conditions. In men, non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) results from defects in the spermatogenic process that can be attributed to spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) or their niche, or both. While assisted reproductive technologies and sperm banking can enable fertility preservation (FP) in men of reproductive age who are at risk for infertility, FP for pre-pubertal patients remains experimental. Therapeutic options for NOA are limited. The rapid advance of stem cell research and of gene editing technologies could enable new FP options for these patients. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), SSC, and testicular niche cells, as well as mesenchymal stromal cells (aka medicinal signaling cells, MSCs), have been investigated for their potential use in male FP strategies. OBJECTIVE Here, we review the benefits and challenges for three types of stem cell-based approaches under investigation for male FP, focusing on the role that promising sources of MSC derived from human umbilical cord, specifically human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVC), could fulfill. These approaches are as follows: 1. isolation and ex vivo expansion of autologous SSC for in vivo transplantation or in vitro spermatogenesis; 2. in vitro differentiation toward germ cell and testicular somatic cell lineages using autologous SSC, or stem cells such iPSC or MSC; and 3. protection or regeneration of the spermatogenic niche after gonadotoxic insults in vivo. CONCLUSION Our studies suggest that HUCPVC are promising sources of cells that could be utilized in multiple aspects of male FP strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Kauffman
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C L Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Gynecology, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Deng C, Xie Y, Zhang C, Ouyang B, Chen H, Lv L, Yao J, Liang X, Zhang Y, Sun X, Deng C, Liu G. Urine-Derived Stem Cells Facilitate Endogenous Spermatogenesis Restoration of Busulfan-Induced Nonobstructive Azoospermic Mice by Paracrine Exosomes. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:1322-1333. [PMID: 31311428 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a severe form of male infertility, with limited effective treatments. Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) possess multipotent differentiation capacity and paracrine effects, and participate in tissue repair and regeneration. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the transplantation of USCs or USC exosomes (USC-exos) could promote endogenous spermatogenesis restoration in a busulfan-induced NOA mice model. USCs were cultured and characterized by flow cytometry. High-density USCs were cultured in a hollow fiber bioreactor for exosomes collection. USC-exos were isolated from USCs conditional media and identified by transmission electron microscopy, western blotting, and Flow NanoAnalyzer analysis. USC-exos exhibited sphere- or cup-shaped morphology with a mean diameter of 66.5 ± 16.0 nm, and expressed CD63 and CD9. USCs and USC-exos were transplanted into the interstitial space in the testes of NOA mice per the following groups: normal group; groups treated with no injection, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), USCs or USC-exos on days 3 and 36 after busulfan administration, respectively. Thirty days after USCs and USC-exos transplantation, spermatogenesis was restored by both USCs and USC-exos in NOA mice 36 days after busulfan treatment as confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Moreover, spermatogenic genes (Pou5f1, Prm1, SYCP3, and DAZL) and the spermatogenic protein UCHL1 were significantly increased in both the USCs 36 and USC-exos36 groups compared with the PBS group, as demonstrated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. However, the transplantation of USCs or USC-exos at day 3 after busulfan treatment did not improve spermatogenesis in NOA mice. Our study demonstrated that USCs could facilitate endogenous spermatogenesis restoration of busulfan-induced NOA mice through paracrine exosomes but could not protect the mouse testicles at the early stage of destruction caused by busulfan. This study provides a novel insight into the treatment of NOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuncan Deng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Ouyang
- Department of Andrology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haicheng Chen
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linyan Lv
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Yao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Xiangzhou Sun
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Deng
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliate Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Shengjing Capsule Improves Spermatogenesis through Upregulating Integrin α6/ β1 in the NOA Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:8494567. [PMID: 31534468 PMCID: PMC6724431 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8494567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Shengjing capsules on nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) in the rat model. Methods Twenty-five male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows (n=5 per group): normal group, NOA group, and three Shengjing capsule treatment groups (low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups, respectively). HE staining and semen smear were performed to assess sperm quality. The expression levels of PI3K/AKT and integrin α6/β1 were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot analyses. Results In the NOA group, almost all of the seminiferous tubules were vacuolated with a thin layer of basal compartment containing some spermatogonial stem cells. The counts of sperms in the NOA group were strongly lower than those of the normal group (P=0.0001). The expression of PI3K/AKT and integrin α6/β1 was scarcely expressed in the NOA group. All indexes mentioned above were significantly different from those of the medium- and high-dose groups (P=0.001, all). The sperm count of rats treated with Shengjing capsules was significantly higher than that of the NOA group (P=0.0001). The rats of Shengjing capsule groups had more layers of spermatogonial stem cells and spermatocytes, and some had intracavitary sperms. Conclusions Shengjing capsules may be a promising therapeutic medicine for NOA. The underlying mechanisms might involve activating SSCs by upregulating the integrin α6/β1 expression via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Eliyasi Dashtaki M, Hemadi M, Saki G, Mohammadiasl J, Khodadadi A. Spermatogenesis Recovery Potentials after Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured with Growth Factors in Experimental Azoospermic Mouse Models. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:401-409. [PMID: 31376321 PMCID: PMC6722443 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective Approximately 1% of the male population suffers from obstructive or non-obstructive azoospermia. Previous
in vitro studies have successfully differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into germ cells. Because of immune-
modulating features, safety, and simple isolation, adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) are good candidates for
such studies. However, low availability is the main limitation in using these cells. Different growth factors have been
investigated to overcome this issue. In the present study, we aimed to comparatively assess the performance of
AT-MSCs cultured under the presence or absence of three different growth factors, epidermal growth factor (EGF),
leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), following transplantation in
testicular torsion-detorsion mice
Materials and Methods This was an experimental study in which AT-MSCs were first isolated from male Naval
Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice. Then, the mice underwent testicular torsion-detorsion surgery and received
bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled AT-MSCs into the lumen of seminiferous tubules. The transplanted cells had been
cultured in different conditioned media, containing the three growth factors and without them. The expression of germ
cell-specific markers was evaluated with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western-blot. Moreover,
immunohistochemical staining was used to trace the labeled cells.
Results The number of transplanted AT-MSCs resided in the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules significantly
increased after 8 weeks. The expression levels of Gcnf and Mvh genes in the transplanted testicles by AT-MSCs
cultured in the growth factors-supplemented medium was greater than those in the control group (P<0.001 and P<0.05,
respectively). The expression levels of the c-Kit and Scp3 genes did not significantly differ from the control group.
Conclusion Our findings showed that the use of EGF, LIF and GDNF to culture AT-MSCs can be very helpful in terms of
MSC survival and localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Eliyasi Dashtaki
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoud Hemadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Saki
- Physiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Electronic Address:
| | - Javad Mohammadiasl
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Cancer, Environmental and Petroleum Pollutants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Safitri E, Hariadi M. Comparison of biotechnological culture of hypoxia-conditioned rat mesenchymal stem cells with conventional in vitroculture of normoxia-conditioned rat mesenchymal stem cells for testicular failure therapy with low libido in rats. Vet World 2019; 12:916-924. [PMID: 31440014 PMCID: PMC6661500 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.916-924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Biotechnological culture of hypoxia-conditioned (CH) rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSC-CH) for testicular failure therapy with low libido improves the functional outcome of the testicle for producing spermatogenic cells and repairs Leydig cells in rats (Rattus norvegicus). Materials and Methods: In the first group (T1), rats with testicular failure and low libido were injected with normoxia-conditioned (CN) rMSCs (21% oxygen); in the second group (T2), rats with testicular failure and low libido were injected with rMSC-CH (1% oxygen); in the negative control group (T−), rats with normal testis were injected with 0.1 mL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); and in the sham group (TS), rats with testicular failure and low libido were injected with 0.1 mL of PBS. Results: Vascular endothelial growth factor expression, as the homing signal, in the groups T2, T−, T1, and TS was 2.00±0.5%, 2.95±0.4%, 0.33±0.48%, and 0±0%, respectively. The number of cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ and CD45+ cells in the groups T− and TS was <20%, whereas that in T1 and T2 groups was >30% and >80%, respectively, showing the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The number of spermatogenic cells (spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, and spermatid) decreased significantly (p<0.05) in TS compared with that in T−, T1, and T2, whereas that in T2 did not show a significant (p>0.05) decrease compared to that in T−. The improvement in libido, based on the number of Leydig cells producing the hormone testosterone for libido expression, did not increase in T1, whereas T2 was able to maintain the number of Leydig cells significantly compared to that between TS and T1. Conclusion: rMSC-CH culture for testicular failure with low libido showed improvement in the functional outcome of the testicle and in repairing Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erma Safitri
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.,Stem Cells Research Division, Institute Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Mas'ud Hariadi
- Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Effects of VEGF
+
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Inbred Rat Ovarian Functions in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Model. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 15:558-573. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09892-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Salem M, Mirzapour T, Bayrami A, Sagha M. Germ cell differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13229. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salem
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
| | - Tooba Mirzapour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science University of Guilan Rasht Iran
| | - Abolfazl Bayrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
| | - Mohsen Sagha
- Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem cells, Faculty of Medicine Ardabil University of Medical Science Ardabil Iran
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45
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Meligy FY, Abo Elgheed AT, Alghareeb SM. Therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on Cisplatin induced testicular damage in adult male albino rat. Ultrastruct Pathol 2019; 43:28-55. [DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2019.1572256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Y. Meligy
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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46
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Zhou L, Song K, Xu L, Zhao F, Tian H, Zhou C, Xu Z, Ge Y, Wu R, Jia R. Protective Effects of Uncultured Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction on Testicular Injury Induced by Torsion-Detorsion in Rats. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 8:383-391. [PMID: 30569668 PMCID: PMC6431687 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Torsion‐detorsion (T/D)‐induced testicular injury may lead to male subfertility and even infertility. Stem cell therapy provides an alternative to attenuate testicular injury and promote spermatogenesis. Adipose‐derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) can be acquired conveniently without in vitro expansion, which may avoid the potential risks of microbial contamination, xenogenic nutritional sources, etc., during cell culture. In this study, we investigate the protective effects of autologous uncultured SVF on testicular injury and spermatogenesis in a rat model of T/D. Animals were randomly divided into sham, T/D+ phosphate‐buffered saline, and T/D + SVF groups (18 rats in each group). SVF was isolated, labeled with lipophilic fluorochrome chloromethylbenzamido dialkylcarbocyanine, and transplanted into T/D testis by local injection. At 3, 7, 14, and 28 days F surgery, testicular tissue and serum samples were harvested for histopathological, immunohistochemical, Western blot, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Histopathological findings demonstrated severe injury in the testis with decreased Johnsen's score led by T/D, while uncultured SVF reduced testicular injury and elevated the decreased score. Injected SVF cells were mainly integrated into interstitial region and seminiferous tubules, enhanced the secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor and stem cell factor in the testis, contributed to the declining level of malondialdehyde and restoration of hormonal homeostasis, and then reduced the injury of Leydig cells and germ cells, as well as promoting spermatogenesis. Our findings demonstrated that autologous uncultured SVF could protect the testis from testicular ischemia‐reperfusion injury and promote spermatogenesis, which provide significant clinical implications for the prevention of infertility induced by testicular T/D. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:383–391
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiwei Song
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Luwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Tian
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongle Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells improves spermatogonial stem cell transplantation efficiency in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:317. [PMID: 30463610 PMCID: PMC6249754 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spermatogonial stem cell transplantation (SSCT) could become a fertility restoration tool for childhood cancer survivors. However, since in mice, the colonization efficiency of transplanted spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) is only 12%, the efficiency of the procedure needs to be improved before clinical implementation is possible. Co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) might increase colonization efficiency of SSCs by restoring the SSC niche after gonadotoxic treatment. Methods A mouse model for long-term infertility was developed and used to transplant SSCs (SSCT, n = 10), MSCs (MSCT, n = 10), a combination of SSCs and MSCs (MS-SSCT, n = 10), or a combination of SSCs and TGFß1-treated MSCs (MSi-SSCT, n = 10). Results The best model for transplantation was obtained after intraperitoneal injection of busulfan (40 mg/kg body weight) at 4 weeks followed by CdCl2 (2 mg/kg body weight) at 8 weeks of age and transplantation at 11 weeks of age. Three months after transplantation, spermatogenesis resumed with a significantly better tubular fertility index (TFI) in all transplanted groups compared to non-transplanted controls (P < 0.001). TFI after MSi-SSCT (83.3 ± 19.5%) was significantly higher compared to MS-SSCT (71.5 ± 21.7%, P = 0.036) but did not differ statistically compared to SSCT (78.2 ± 12.5%). In contrast, TFI after MSCT (50.2 ± 22.5%) was significantly lower compared to SSCT (P < 0.001). Interestingly, donor-derived TFI was found to be significantly improved after MSi-SSCT (18.8 ± 8.0%) compared to SSCT (1.9 ± 1.1%; P < 0.001), MSCT (0.0 ± 0.0%; P < 0.001), and MS-SSCT (3.4 ± 1.9%; P < 0.001). While analyses showed that both native and TGFß1-treated MSCs maintained characteristics of MSCs, the latter showed less migratory characteristics and was not detected in other organs. Conclusion Co-transplanting SSCs and TGFß1-treated MSCs significantly improves the recovery of endogenous SSCs and increases the homing efficiency of transplanted SSCs. This procedure could become an efficient method to treat infertility in a clinical setup, once the safety of the technique has been proven. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1065-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Fazeli Z, Abedindo A, Omrani MD, Ghaderian SMH. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Therapy for Recovery of Fertility: a Systematic Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:1-12. [PMID: 28884412 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have provided the new opportunities to treat different disorders including infertility. Different studies have suggested that the MSCs have ability to differentiate into germ-like cells under specific induction conditions as well as transplantation to gonadal tissues. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the results obtained from different studies on MSCs therapy for promoting fertility. This search was done in PubMed and Science Direct databases using key words MSCs, infertility, therapy, germ cell, azoospermia, ovarian failure and mesenchymal stem cell. Among the more than 11,400 papers, 53 studies were considered eligible for more evaluations. The obtained results indicated that the most studies were performed on MSCs derived from bone marrow and umbilical cord as compared with the other types of MSCs. Different evaluations on animal models as well as in vitro studies supported from their role in the recovery of spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis. Although the data obtained from this systematic review are promising, but the further studies need to assess the efficiency and safety of transplantation of these cells in fertility recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Fazeli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Atieh Abedindo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Amir Ebrahimi St, Pasdaran Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Amir Ebrahimi St, Pasdaran Ave, Tehran, Iran
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Aboul Fotouh GI, Abdel-Dayem MM, Ismail DI, Mohamed HH. Histological Study on the Protective Effect of Endogenous Stem Cell Mobilization in Busulfan-Induced Testicular Injury in Albino Rats. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2018; 6:197-204. [PMID: 30464893 PMCID: PMC6206755 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_35_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular damage is one of the most hazardous effects of chemotherapy as it is frequently associated with oligozoospermia and azoospermia. AIM OF THE WORK This study aimed at evaluating the protective effect of hematopoietic stem cell mobilization by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a rat model of busulfan-induced testicular injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four adult albino rats were divided into four groups: group I, the control, Group II: rats received two doses of busulfan (each 15 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (IP) with 14 days interval, Group III: rats received busulfan and left untreated, and Group IV received busulfan IP then G-CSF (70 μg/kg/day) subcutaneously for 5 consecutive days. Testicular sections were stained with H and E and immunohistochemically for CD34, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3, and semithin sections were stained with toluidine blue. RESULTS Groups II and III showed loss of the normal histological architecture of the testis and spermatogenic cells, with increased apoptosis confirmed by significantly increased caspase-3 and significantly decreased PCNA immunoexpression. While Group IV revealed improved testicular histology, decreased apoptosis, and increased proliferative capacity of spermatogenic cells. This was confirmed by significantly decreased caspase-3 immunoexpression and increased PCNA immunoreaction. CONCLUSION Mobilization of stem cells with G-CSF was found to improve the testicular histology following busulfan chemotherapy in albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Menna Mohamed Abdel-Dayem
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Ibrahim Ismail
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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50
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Sherif IO, Sabry D, Abdel-Aziz A, Sarhan OM. The role of mesenchymal stem cells in chemotherapy-induced gonadotoxicity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:196. [PMID: 30021657 PMCID: PMC6052634 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity has been reported, however, its efficacy in gonadotoxicity still has not been addressed. Herein, we investigated the effect of BM-MSCs in cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity and its underlying mechanism of action. Methods Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into a control group: injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intraperitoneal (ip), a cisplatin group: injected with a single dose of 7 mg/kg cisplatin ip to induce gonadotoxicity and a BM-MSCs group: received cisplatin ip followed by BM-MSCs injection 1 day after cisplatin. In testicular tissues, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were assessed. Additionally, gene expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), caspase-3, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were measured. The testicular tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) protein contents and Bcl-2 associated X protein (BAX) expression were determined. Histopathology of testicular tissues was examined. Results Cisplatin injection showed a significant decrease in GSH and SOD testicular levels besides a significant increase of MDA and TNF-α testicular levels and upregulation of testicular gene expressions of iNOS, caspase-3, and p38-MAPK in comparison to the control group. Moreover, a marked increase in BAX protein expression was observed in the cisplatin group when compared with the control one. Histopathological examination exhibited significant seminiferous tubules atrophy in cisplatin-treated rats. Conclusions The BM-MSCs injection significantly repaired the testicular injury and improved both biochemical and histopathological changes. The MSCs mitigated the gonadotoxicity induced by cisplatin through antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman O Sherif
- Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Dina Sabry
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Azza Abdel-Aziz
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Osama M Sarhan
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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