1
|
Alissa M, Hjazi A. Utilising biosensor-based approaches for identifying neurotropic viruses. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2513. [PMID: 38282404 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Neurotropic viruses, with their ability to invade the central nervous system, present a significant public health challenge, causing a spectrum of neurological diseases. Clinical manifestations of neurotropic viral infections vary widely, from mild to life-threatening conditions, such as HSV-induced encephalitis or poliovirus-induced poliomyelitis. Traditional diagnostic methods, including polymerase chain reaction, serological assays, and imaging techniques, though valuable, have limitations. To address these challenges, biosensor-based methods have emerged as a promising approach. These methods offer advantages such as rapid results, high sensitivity, specificity, and potential for point-of-care applications. By targeting specific biomarkers or genetic material, biosensors utilise technologies like surface plasmon resonance and microarrays, providing a direct and efficient means of diagnosing neurotropic infections. This review explores the evolving landscape of biosensor-based methods, highlighting their potential to enhance the diagnostic toolkit for neurotropic viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pinapati KK, Tandon R, Tripathi P, Srivastava N. Recent advances to overcome the burden of Japanese encephalitis: A zoonotic infection with problematic early detection. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2383. [PMID: 35983697 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a vector-borne neurotropic disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) associated with high mortality rate distributed from Eastern and Southern Asia to Northern Queensland (Australia). The challenges in early detection and lack of point-of-care biomarkers make it the most important Flavivirus causing encephalitis. There is no specific treatment for the disease, although vaccines are licenced. In this review, we focussed on point-of-care biomarkers as early detection tools and developing the effective therapeutic agents that could halt JE. We have also provided molecular details of JEV, disease progression, and its pathogenesis with recent findings which might bring insights to overcome the disease burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Kumar Pinapati
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttra Pradesh, India
| | - Reetika Tandon
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttra Pradesh, India
| | - Pratima Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttra Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-R), Lucknow, Uttra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roberts A, Gandhi S. A brief review on novel biomarkers identified and advanced biosensing technologies developed for rapid diagnosis of Japanese Encephalitis Virus. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9483901 DOI: 10.1007/s43538-022-00113-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Advanced biosensor technology research is imperative for the management of infectious disease outbreaks such as Japanese Encephalitis (JE), a zoonotic disease caused by the flavivirus JE virus (JEV) which is transmitted to humans (dead-end hosts) from the amplification host, pigs, via mosquitoes. To avoid future pandemic scenarios, proactive research rather than responsive research in the field of diagnostics is a requirement for development of rapid, sensitive and specific screening detection methods. In this mini-review, we have critically compared and evaluated the different types of biomarkers (antigen, antibody, nucleic acid) identified for JEV diagnostics and their specific roles in the manifestation of the infection which may be potentially used for therapeutics and drug development as no treatment is available for JE. Furthermore, different biosensors developed for the detection of JEV biomarkers have been discussed in detail to give an overview of the working principles (electrochemical, optical, etc.), fabrication components (signal amplifier, bioreceptor, etc.), detection limits and response times. This review provides a compact compiled base on available JEV diagnostic research work being currently carried out along with their limitations, future prospective, and major challenges faced. This will enable future development of rapid point-of-care diagnostic screening methods for JEV infection management, which may help reduce number of fatalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Roberts
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana 500032 India
- DBT-Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Sonu Gandhi
- DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, Telangana 500032 India
- DBT-Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mohsin F, Suleman S, Anzar N, Narang J, Wadhwa S. A review on Japanese Encephalitis virus emergence, pathogenesis and detection: From conventional diagnostics to emerging rapid detection techniques. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:435-448. [PMID: 35817236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The virus known as Japanese Encephalitis (JEV) is among the common viral persisting Encephalitis caused by Flavivirus around the Globe, especially in Southeast Asian nations. JEV may be a leading reason for neurological illness in humans, with an estimated 70,000 human cases and 10,000 fatalities per annum. The conventional methods like PRNT (Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test), ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction), and virus isolation are few commercial tests being availed these days, but they have a variety of drawbacks, including being extremely expensive, time-consuming, and requiring expertise. Therefore, researches are being made in the development of improved inexpensive, shorter, sensitive, and time-saving strategies to diagnose the Japanese Encephalitis Virus. A number of these researches encompass the employment of immunosensors, electrochemical sensors and along with the applications of nanotechnology to create highly sensitive detecting device. This review article is based on contemporary breakthroughs in diagnosing Japanese Encephalitis Virus, which are crucial in severing the connection between the propagation of zoonotic disease into the current race, where humans function as dead-end hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Mohsin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Shariq Suleman
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Nigar Anzar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Jagriti Narang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Shikha Wadhwa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Bidholi Campus, Dehradun 248007, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tiwari R, Ghildiyal S, Baluni M, Singh D, Srivastva JK, Kumar R, Dhole TN. Association of interleukin-6 (174 G/C) and interleukin-12B (1188 A/C) gene polymorphism with expression and risk of Japanese encephalitis disease in North Indian population. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 358:577630. [PMID: 34246980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis is an acute inflammatory disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). In this study we aim to determine the association of IL-6 (174) and IL-12B (1188A/C) gene polymorphisms with JEV susceptibility, disease severity and outcomes in north Indian population. METHODS This study was performed an equal number of cases and control individuals (125). Gene polymorphism has been analyzed by PCR-RFLP and expression by ELISA. RESULTS Homozygous(C/C) genotypes of IL-12B were significantly associated with protection in JE infection (p = 0.008, OR = 0.368) whereas IL-6 was not associated with JEV infection (p = 0.269, OR = 1.245). The C allele of IL-6 was associated with protection in JE disease and G/C genotype was associated with outcomes with recovered individuals. CONCLUSION IL-12B gene polymorphism leads to increase level of IL-12B in JE patients, which can contribute to JE susceptibility and disease severity. IL-6 polymorphism has not been associated with susceptibility of JE. Overall, this is the first information from northern India shows association of IL-6 and IL-12B polymorphisms with JE disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Tiwari
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sneha Ghildiyal
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manjari Baluni
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dharamveer Singh
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Janmejai K Srivastva
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India.
| | - Rashmi Kumar
- King George Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Tapan N Dhole
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Raksakoon C, Potiwat R. Current Arboviral Threats and Their Potential Vectors in Thailand. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10010080. [PMID: 33477699 PMCID: PMC7831943 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viral diseases (arboviruses) are a public-health concern in many regions of the world, including Thailand. This review describes the potential vectors and important human and/or veterinary arboviruses in Thailand. The medically important arboviruses affect humans, while veterinary arboviruses affect livestock and the economy. The main vectors described are mosquitoes, but other arthropods have been reported. Important mosquito-borne arboviruses are transmitted mainly by members of the genus Aedes (e.g., dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus) and Culex (e.g., Japanese encephalitis, Tembusu and West Nile virus). While mosquitoes are important vectors, arboviruses are transmitted via other vectors, such as sand flies, ticks, cimicids (Family Cimicidae) and Culicoides. Veterinary arboviruses are reported in this review, e.g., duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), Kaeng Khoi virus (KKV), and African horse sickness virus (AHSV). During arbovirus outbreaks, to target control interventions appropriately, it is critical to identify the vector(s) involved and their ecology. Knowledge of the prevalence of these viruses, and the potential for viral infections to co-circulate in mosquitoes, is also important for outbreak prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chadchalerm Raksakoon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Rutcharin Potiwat
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Adults with severe Japanese encephalitis: a retrospective analysis of 9 cases in Linyi, China. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:2811-2817. [PMID: 33169192 PMCID: PMC7652048 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04867-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a critical problem of public health worldwide; however, there is limited data about the clinical features and indicators of outcome in adults with severe Japanese encephalitis. Methods The clinical manifestations and laboratory study on brain neuroimaging of patients with severe JE were statistically analyzed retrospectively. All patients were followed up for 6 months after discharge. The patients were grouped into good outcome and poor outcome according to the results of the follow-up. Results This retrospective study consists of 9 adults with severe JE, including 5 cases with poor outcome, defined as the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of greater than or equal to 4 points, and remained ventilator dependent. Typical clinical manifestations of JE include fever (100%), altered consciousness (100%), headache (66.7%), flaccid weakness (66.7%), and status epilepticus (44.4%). Serological examination revealed that a higher percentage of neutrophils and a lower percentage of lymphocytes at admission may be associated with a poor outcome. Abnormal neuroimaging of the thalamus (85.7%), hippocampal (71.4%), midbrain (28.6%), and basal ganglia (14.3%) was found. 42.9% of patients left severe irreversible disability, and the most prominent were mental symptoms (71.4%) and memory or understanding disorder (57.1%). Conclusion Our data suggest that respiratory failure is one of the important causes of early death. Serologic examination, coma, and status epilepticus may indicate a poor outcome for severe JE. Additionally, the hippocampus is the second most common lesion in the adults with severe JE. A large-scale clinical trial is required to further confirm these conclusions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10072-020-04867-8.
Collapse
|
8
|
Choi JW, Eom HJ, Kim HY. Non-structural protein 1 from Japanese encephalitis virus expressed in E. coli retains its molecular weight and immunogenicity. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 169:105548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
9
|
Zhou D, Pei C, Yang K, Ye J, Wan S, Li Q, Zhang L, Chen H, Cao S, Song Y. Development and application of a monoclonal-antibody-based blocking ELISA for detection of Japanese encephalitis virus NS1 antibodies in swine. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1535-1542. [PMID: 30900070 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a zoonotic pathogen transmitted by Culex mosquitoes and is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in humans. JEV infection of swine, which are the main amplifying hosts for JEV, can cause reproductive failure in sows; in boars it can cause testitis and infertility. The prevalence of JEV in swine is a continuous threat to human health. A practical diagnostic method for monitoring JEV infection in swine herds is essential for control of the disease in both swine and humans. Here, we have identified a high-affinity anti-JEV NS1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) by indirect ELISA and utilized it for the development of a blocking ELISA (bELISA). The optimal NS1 protein coating concentration (2 μg/mL) and mAb working concentration (1 μg/mL) were determined by checkerboard titration. One hundred ten JEV-antibody-negative serum samples were used to establish 34.03% inhibition as the cutoff value for a negative result. By the bELISA, seroconversion in 80% of newly JEV-vaccinated pigs was detected by 7 days post-immunization, while by the commercial envelope-protein-based iELISA, seroconversion was detected in 20% of the newly vaccinated pigs. We found 98.7% agreement between the bELISA and the commercial iELISA when we tested 157 field samples using both methods. From an epidemiological survey of swine serum collected between 2014 and 2016, we found that the average JEV seropositive rate in unvaccinated commodity pigs was 8.1%, and in vaccinated boars and sows, it was 67.6%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfeng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Luping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Reagents, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The distribution of important sero-complexes of flaviviruses in Malaysia. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:495-506. [PMID: 30604332 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-01786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flaviviruses (FVs) are arthropod-borne viruses of medical and veterinary importance. Numerous species of FVs have been isolated from various host; mainly humans, animals, ticks, and mosquitoes. Certain FVs are extremely host-specific; at the same time, some FVs can infect an extensive range of species. Based on published literatures, 11 species of FVs have been detected from diverse host species in Malaysia. In humans, dengue virus and Japanese encephalitis virus have been reported since 1901 and 1942. In animals, the Batu Cave virus, Sitiawan virus, Carey Island, Tembusu virus, Duck Tembusu virus, and Japanese encephalitis viruses were isolated from various species. In mosquitoes, Japanese encephalitis virus and Kunjin virus were isolated from Culex spp., while Zika virus and Jugra virus were isolated from Aedes spp. In ticks, the Langat virus was isolated from Ixodes spp. One of the major challenges in the diagnosis of FVs is the presence of sero-complexes as a result of cross-reactivity with one or more FV species. Subsequently, the distribution of specific FVs among humans and animals in a specific population is problematic to assess and often require comprehensive and thorough analyses. Molecular assays such as quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and digital droplet RT-PCR (ddRT-PCR) have been used for the differentiation of flavivirus infections to increase the accuracy of epidemiological data for disease surveillance, monitoring, and control. In situations where sero-complexes are common in FVs, even sensitive assays such as qRT-pCR can produce false positive results. In this write up, an overview of the various FV sero-complexes reported in Malaysia to date and the challenges faced in diagnosis of FV infections are presented.
Collapse
|
11
|
Palus M, Sohrabi Y, Broman KW, Strnad H, Šíma M, Růžek D, Volkova V, Slapničková M, Vojtíšková J, Mrázková L, Salát J, Lipoldová M. A novel locus on mouse chromosome 7 that influences survival after infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:39. [PMID: 29976152 PMCID: PMC6034256 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the main tick-borne viral infection in Eurasia. Its manifestations range from inapparent infections and fevers with complete recovery to debilitating or fatal encephalitis. The basis of this heterogeneity is largely unknown, but part of this variation is likely due to host genetic. We have previously found that BALB/c mice exhibit intermediate susceptibility to the infection of TBE virus (TBEV), STS mice are highly resistant, whereas the recombinant congenic strain CcS-11, carrying 12.5% of the STS genome on the background of the BALB/c genome is even more susceptible than BALB/c. Importantly, mouse orthologs of human TBE controlling genes Oas1b, Cd209, Tlr3, Ccr5, Ifnl3 and Il10, are in CcS-11 localized on segments derived from the strain BALB/c, so they are identical in BALB/c and CcS-11. As they cannot be responsible for the phenotypic difference of the two strains, we searched for the responsible STS-derived gene-locus. Of course the STS-derived genes in CcS-11 may operate through regulating or epigenetically modifying these non-polymorphic genes of BALB/c origin. Methods To determine the location of the STS genes responsible for susceptibility of CcS-11, we analyzed survival of TBEV-infected F2 hybrids between BALB/c and CcS-11. CcS-11 carries STS-derived segments on eight chromosomes. These were genotyped in the F2 hybrid mice and their linkage with survival was tested by binary trait interval mapping. We have sequenced genomes of BALB/c and STS using next generation sequencing and performed bioinformatics analysis of the chromosomal segment exhibiting linkage with TBEV survival. Results Linkage analysis revealed a novel suggestive survival-controlling locus on chromosome 7 linked to marker D7Nds5 (44.2 Mb). Analysis of this locus for polymorphisms between BALB/c and STS that change RNA stability and genes’ functions led to detection of 9 potential candidate genes: Cd33, Klk1b22, Siglece, Klk1b16, Fut2, Grwd1, Abcc6, Otog, and Mkrn3. One of them, Cd33, carried a nonsense mutation in the STS strain. Conclusions The robust genetic system of recombinant congenic strains of mice enabled detection of a novel suggestive locus on chromosome 7. This locus contains 9 candidate genes, which will be focus of future studies not only in mice but also in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Palus
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yahya Sohrabi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karl W Broman
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, 6770 Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706-1532, USA
| | - Hynek Strnad
- Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matyáš Šíma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Růžek
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Valeriya Volkova
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Slapničková
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Vojtíšková
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Mrázková
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná 3105, 272 01, Kladno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Salát
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 62100, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Lipoldová
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic. .,Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sítná 3105, 272 01, Kladno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Karthikeyan A, Shanmuganathan S, Pavulraj S, Prabakar G, Pavithra S, Porteen K, Elaiyaraja G, Malik YS. JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS, RECENT PERSPECTIVES ON VIRUS GENOME, TRANSMISSION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND PROPHYLACTIC INTERVENTIONS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.18006/2017.5(6).730.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
13
|
Banerjee N, Mukhopadhyay S. Viral glycoproteins: biological role and application in diagnosis. Virusdisease 2016; 27:1-11. [PMID: 26925438 PMCID: PMC4758313 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-015-0293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The viruses that infect humans cause a huge global disease burden and produce immense challenge towards healthcare system. Glycoproteins are one of the major components of human pathogenic viruses. They have been demonstrated to have important role(s) in infection and immunity. Concomitantly high titres of antibodies against these antigenic viral glycoproteins have paved the way for development of novel diagnostics. Availability of appropriate biomarkers is necessary for advance diagnosis of infectious diseases especially in case of outbreaks. As human mobilization has increased manifold nowadays, dissemination of infectious agents became quicker that paves the need of rapid diagnostic system. In case of viral infection it is an emergency as virus spreads and mutates very fast. This review encircles the vast arena of viral glycoproteins, their importance in health and disease and their diagnostic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilotpal Banerjee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, 108, C.R Avenue, Kolkata, 700073 India
| | - Sumi Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, 108, C.R Avenue, Kolkata, 700073 India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
MicroRNA transcriptome profiling of mice brains infected with Japanese encephalitis virus by RNA sequencing. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 39:249-257. [PMID: 26845346 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito borne viral disease, caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection producing severe neuroinflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) with the associated disruption of the blood brain barrier. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of 21-24 nt small non-coding RNAs that play important post-transcriptional regulatory roles in gene expression and have critical roles in virus pathogenesis. We examined the potential roles of miRNAs in JEV-infected suckling mice brains and found that JEV infection changed miRNA expression profiles when the suckling mice began showing nervous symptoms. A total of 1062 known and 71 novel miRNAs were detected in JEV-infected group, accompanied with 1088 known and 75 novel miRNAs in mock controls. Among these miRNAs, one novel and 25 known miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed, including 18 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated miRNAs which were further confirmed by real-time PCR. Gene ontology (GO) and signaling pathway analysis of the predicted target mRNAs of the modulated miRNAs showed that they are correlated with the regulation of apoptosis, neuron differentiation, antiviral immunity and infiltration of mouse brain, and the validated targets of 12 differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched for the regulation of cell programmed death, proliferation, transcription, muscle organ development, erythrocyte differentiation, gene expression, plasma membrane and protein domain specific binding. KEGG analysis further reveals that the validated target genes were involved in the Pathways in cancer, Neurotrophin signaling pathway, Toll like receptor signaling pathway, Endometrial cancer and Jak-STAT signaling pathway. We constructed the interaction networks of miRNAs and their target genes according to GO terms and KEGG pathways and the expression levels of several target genes were examined. Our data provides a valuable basis for further studies on the regulatory roles of miRNAs in JE pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kothur K, Wienholt L, Brilot F, Dale RC. CSF cytokines/chemokines as biomarkers in neuroinflammatory CNS disorders: A systematic review. Cytokine 2016; 77:227-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
Noronha N, Swamy MLA, Saxena SK. Japanese encephalitis: a major public-health debacle. Future Virol 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.14.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Noronha
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - ML Arvinda Swamy
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Shailendra K Saxena
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| |
Collapse
|