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Monteiro-Alfredo T, Macedo MLR, de Picoli Souza K, Matafome P. New Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Metabolic Sequelae: Brazilian Cerrado as a Unique Biome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15588. [PMID: 37958572 PMCID: PMC10648839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazil has several important biomes holding impressive fauna and flora biodiversity. Cerrado being one of the richest ones and a significant area in the search for new plant-based products, such as foods, cosmetics, and medicines. The therapeutic potential of Cerrado plants has been described by several studies associating ethnopharmacological knowledge with phytochemical compounds and therapeutic effects. Based on this wide range of options, the Brazilian population has been using these medicinal plants (MP) for centuries for the treatment of various health conditions. Among these, we highlight metabolic diseases, namely obesity and its metabolic alterations from metabolic syndrome to later stages such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several studies have shown that adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction leads to proinflammatory cytokine secretion and impaired free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation and oxidative status, creating the basis for insulin resistance and glucose dysmetabolism. In this scenario, the great Brazilian biodiversity and a wide variety of phytochemical compounds make it an important candidate for the identification of pharmacological strategies for the treatment of these conditions. This review aimed to analyze and summarize the current literature on plants from the Brazilian Cerrado that have therapeutic activity against obesity and its metabolic conditions, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospection Applied to Metabolism and Cancer (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e Suas Funções Biológicas (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Maria Lígia Rodrigues Macedo
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e Suas Funções Biológicas (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospection Applied to Metabolism and Cancer (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
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Exposure to Obesogenic Environments during Perinatal Development Modulates Offspring Energy Balance Pathways in Adipose Tissue and Liver of Rodent Models. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051281. [PMID: 36904281 PMCID: PMC10005203 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesogenic environments such as Westernized diets, overnutrition, and exposure to glycation during gestation and lactation can alter peripheral neuroendocrine factors in offspring, predisposing for metabolic diseases in adulthood. Thus, we hypothesized that exposure to obesogenic environments during the perinatal period reprograms offspring energy balance mechanisms. Four rat obesogenic models were studied: maternal diet-induced obesity (DIO); early-life obesity induced by postnatal overfeeding; maternal glycation; and postnatal overfeeding combined with maternal glycation. Metabolic parameters, energy expenditure, and storage pathways in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the liver were analyzed. Maternal DIO increased VAT lipogenic [NPY receptor-1 (NPY1R), NPY receptor-2 (NPY2R), and ghrelin receptor], but also lipolytic/catabolic mechanisms [dopamine-1 receptor (D1R) and p-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)] in male offspring, while reducing NPY1R in females. Postnatally overfed male animals only exhibited higher NPY2R levels in VAT, while females also presented NPY1R and NPY2R downregulation. Maternal glycation reduces VAT expandability by decreasing NPY2R in overfed animals. Regarding the liver, D1R was decreased in all obesogenic models, while overfeeding induced fat accumulation in both sexes and glycation the inflammatory infiltration. The VAT response to maternal DIO and overfeeding showed a sexual dysmorphism, and exposure to glycotoxins led to a thin-outside-fat-inside phenotype in overfeeding conditions and impaired energy balance, increasing the metabolic risk in adulthood.
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A promising antifibrotic drug, pyridoxamine attenuates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis by combating oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products, and balancing matrix metalloproteinases. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 923:174910. [PMID: 35339478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common chronic hepatic disease. This study was done to examine the effect of pyridoxamine against thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis. Animals were divided into four groups (1) control group; (2) Thioacetamide group (200 mg/kg, i.p.) twice a week for eight weeks; (3) Pyridoxamine-treated group treated with pyridoxamine (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for eight weeks; (4) Thioacetamide and pyridoxamine group, in which pyridoxamine was given (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) during thioacetamide injections. Thioacetamide treatment resulted in hepatic dysfunction manifested by increased serum levels of bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Oxidative stress was noted by increased hepatic lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione (GSH). Increased concentrations of total nitrite/nitrate, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2&9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were noticed in hepatic tissues. Immunostaining sections also revealed overexpression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and collagen IV. Liver fibrosis was confirmed by severe histopathological changes. Pyridoxamine improved the assessed parameters. Moreover, histopathological and immunohistological studies supported the ability of pyridoxamine to reduce liver fibrosis. The findings of the present study provide evidence that pyridoxamine is a novel target for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Early postnatal exposure of rat pups to methylglyoxal induces oxidative stress, inflammation and dysmetabolism at adulthood. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2022; 13:617-625. [DOI: 10.1017/s204017442100074x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the effects of early progeny exposure to methylglyoxal (MG), programming for metabolic dysfunction and diabetes-like complications later in life. At delivery (PN1), the animals were separated into two groups: control group (CO), treated with saline, and MG group, treated with MG (20 mg/kg of BW; i.p.) during the first 2 weeks of the lactation period. In vivo experiments and tissue collection were done at PN90. Early MG exposure decreased body weight, adipose tissue, liver and kidney weight at adulthood. On the other hand, MG group showed increased relative food intake, blood fructosamine, blood insulin and HOMA-IR, which is correlated with insulin resistance. Besides, MG-treated animals presented dyslipidaemia, increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Likewise, MG group showed steatosis and perivascular fibrosis in the liver, pancreatic islet hypertrophy, increased glomerular area and pericapsular fibrosis, but reduced capsular space. This study shows that early postnatal exposure to MG induces oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis markers in pancreas, liver and kidney, which are related to metabolic dysfunction features. Thus, nutritional disruptors during lactation period may be an important risk factor for metabolic alterations at adulthood.
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Bednarska K, Fecka I. Potential of Vasoprotectives to Inhibit Non-Enzymatic Protein Glycation, and Reactive Carbonyl and Oxygen Species Uptake. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810026. [PMID: 34576189 PMCID: PMC8465384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) such as methylglyoxal (MGO) or glyoxal (GO) are the main precursors of the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are a major factor in the development of vascular complications in diabetes. Vasoprotectives (VPs) exhibit a wide range of activities beneficial to cardiovascular health. The present study aimed to investigate selected VPs and their structural analogs for their ability to trap MGO/GO, inhibit AGE formation, and evaluate their antioxidant potential. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UHPLC-ESI-MS) and diode-array detector (UHPLC-DAD) was used to investigate direct trapping capacity and kinetics of quenching MGO/GO, respectively. Fluorimetric and colorimetric measurements were used to evaluate antiglycation and antioxidant action. All tested substances showed antiglycative effects, but hesperetin was the most effective in RCS scavenging. We demonstrated that rutin, diosmetin, hesperidin, and hesperetin could trap both MGO and GO by forming adducts, whose structures we proposed. MGO-derived AGE formation was inhibited the most by hesperetin, and GO-derived AGEs by diosmetin. High reducing and antiradical activity was confirmed for quercetin, rutin, hesperetin, and calcium dobesilate. Therefore, in addition to other therapeutic applications, some VPs could be potential candidates as antiglycative agents to prevent AGE-related complications of diabetes.
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Zhao Y, Tang Y, Sang S. Dietary Quercetin Reduces Plasma and Tissue Methylglyoxal and Advanced Glycation End Products in Healthy Mice Treated with Methylglyoxal. J Nutr 2021; 151:2601-2609. [PMID: 34091674 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylglyoxal (MGO), a precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), has been linked to AGEs-associated diseases. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the efficacy and mechanisms of dietary quercetin in decreasing plasma and tissue concentrations of MGO and AGEs in MGO-administered mice. METHODS Male, 6-wk-old CD-1 mice were administered AIN-93G diet and water (Con) or 0.12% MGO in water (MGO) or MGO plus 0.2% (0.2Q) dietary quercetin for 1 wk (n = 5) (experiment 1), and water (Con), 0.12% MGO (MGO), or MGO plus 0.1% (0.1Q), 0.2% (0.2Q), or 0.4% (0.4Q) dietary quercetin for 6 wk (n = 10) (experiment 2). The plasma, kidney, and liver concentrations of MGO, quercetin, and isorhamnetin and their trapping adducts with MGO were determined by LC-MS, and AGE concentrations were measured by the fluorescent method. Furthermore, the expressions of glyoxalase I/II (GLO I/II) and aldose reductase (AR), MGO detoxification enzymes, were determined by Western blot. One-factor ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett's or Tukey's test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS After 1 wk of treatment, the MGO concentrations in plasma (20.2%) and kidney (29.9%) in 0.2Q mice were significantly lower than those in MGO mice. After 6 wk of treatment, the concentrations of MGO in the plasma (14.7-18.6%), kidney (20-20.8%), liver (15.4-18.6%), and tissue AGEs (28-36.8%) in 0.1Q, 0.2Q, and 0.4Q mice were significantly lower than those in MGO mice. The plasma concentrations of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and their MGO adducts were dose-dependently increased after quercetin administration. In addition, after 6 wk of quercetin administration, the expressions of GLO I/II and AR in the liver and kidney were significantly upregulated to promote MGO detoxification compared with MGO-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin reduced plasma and tissue MGO concentrations and inhibited AGE formation by trapping MGO and regulating the MGO detoxification systems in MGO-administered healthy mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Zhao
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Yao Tang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
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Distinct Impact of Natural Sugars from Fruit Juices and Added Sugars on Caloric Intake, Body Weight, Glycaemia, Oxidative Stress and Glycation in Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092956. [PMID: 34578832 PMCID: PMC8468124 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fruit juices are a natural source of sugars, there is a controversy whether their sugar content has similar harmful effects as beverages’ added-sugars. We aimed to study the role of fruit juice sugars in inducing overweight, hyperglycaemia, glycation and oxidative stress in normal and diabetic animal models. In diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, we compared the effects of four different fruit juices (4-weeks) with sugary solutions having a similar sugar profile and concentration. In vitro, the sugary solutions were more susceptible to AGE formation than fruit juices, also causing higher postprandial glycaemia and lower erythrocytes’ antioxidant capacity in vivo (single intake). In GK rats, ad libitum fruit juice consumption (4-weeks) did not change body weight, glycaemia, oxidative stress nor glycation. Consumption of a matched volume of sugary solutions aggravated fasting glycaemia but had a moderate impact on caloric intake and oxidative stress/glycation markers in tissues of diabetic rats. Ad libitum availability of the same sugary solutions impaired energy balance regulation, leading to higher caloric intake than ad libitum fruit juices and controls, as well as weight gain, fasting hyperglycaemia, insulin intolerance and impaired oxidative stress/glycation markers in several tissues. We demonstrated the distinct role of sugars naturally present in fruit juices and added sugars in energy balance regulation, impairing oxidative stress, glycation and glucose metabolism in an animal model of type 2 diabetes.
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Francisco FA, Saavedra LPJ, Junior MDF, Barra C, Matafome P, Mathias PCF, Gomes RM. Early AGEing and metabolic diseases: is perinatal exposure to glycotoxins programming for adult-life metabolic syndrome? Nutr Rev 2021; 79:13-24. [PMID: 32951053 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal early nutritional disorders are critical for the developmental origins of health and disease. Glycotoxins, or advanced glycation end-products, and their precursors such as the methylglyoxal, which are formed endogenously and commonly found in processed foods and infant formulas, may be associated with acute and long-term metabolic disorders. Besides general aspects of glycotoxins, such as their endogenous production, exogenous sources, and their role in the development of metabolic syndrome, we discuss in this review the sources of perinatal exposure to glycotoxins and their involvement in metabolic programming mechanisms. The role of perinatal glycotoxin exposure in the onset of insulin resistance, central nervous system development, cardiovascular diseases, and early aging also are discussed, as are possible interventions that may prevent or reduce such effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio A Francisco
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucas P J Saavedra
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos D F Junior
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Cátia Barra
- Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, and the Center for Innovative Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra; and the Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Institute of Physiology and Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, and the Center for Innovative Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra; and the Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo C F Mathias
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cellular Biology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Gomes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Kafle OP, Cheng S, Ma M, Li P, Cheng B, Zhang L, Wen Y, Liang C, Qi X, Zhang F. Identifying insomnia-related chemicals through integrative analysis of genome-wide association studies and chemical-genes interaction information. Sleep 2021; 43:5805199. [PMID: 32170308 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Insomnia is a common sleep disorder and constitutes a major issue in modern society. We provide new clues for revealing the association between environmental chemicals and insomnia. METHODS Three genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary datasets of insomnia (n = 113,006, n = 1,331,010, and n = 453,379, respectively) were driven from the UK Biobank, 23andMe, and deCODE. The chemical-gene interaction dataset was downloaded from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. First, we conducted a meta-analysis of the three datasets of insomnia using the METAL software. Using the result of meta-analysis, transcriptome-wide association studies were performed to calculate the expression association testing statistics of insomnia. Then chemical-related gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the association between chemicals and insomnia. RESULTS For GWAS meta-analysis dataset of insomnia, we identified 42 chemicals associated with insomnia in brain tissue (p < 0.05) by GSEA. We detected five important chemicals such as pinosylvin (p = 0.0128), bromobenzene (p = 0.0134), clonidine (p = 0.0372), gabapentin (p = 0.0372), and melatonin (p = 0.0404) which are directly associated with insomnia. CONCLUSION Our study results provide new clues for revealing the roles of environmental chemicals in the development of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash Kafle
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Mei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Chujun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
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Zhang X, Xu L, Chen W, Yu X, Shen L, Huang Y. Pyridoxamine alleviates mechanical allodynia by suppressing the spinal receptor for advanced glycation end product-nuclear factor- κB/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway in diabetic rats. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920917251. [PMID: 32252594 PMCID: PMC7139183 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920917251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathic pain is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and
requires a substantial amount of societal resources. Pyridoxamine is an
inhibitor of advanced glycation and lipoxidation end products. Several animal
and clinical studies have confirmed that pyridoxamine can inhibit a range of
pathological changes in diabetes-induced organ injury and alleviate certain
kinds of neuropathic pain. However, no studies have attempted to explore the
effects of pyridoxamine on diabetic neuropathic pain. We conducted animal
experiments to examine whether pyridoxamine could alleviate diabetic neuropathic
pain and to explore the mechanism underlying these effects. Adult male Sprague
Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the normal + sterile water group,
diabetic + sterile water group, diabetic + pyridoxamine100 group,
diabetic +pyridoxamine200 group,
diabetic + pyridoxamine400 group, or normal + pyridoxamine group.
The rats in the diabetic +pyridoxamine100,
diabetic + pyridoxamine200,
diabetic + pyridoxamine400, and normal + pyridoxamine groups received
pyridoxamine at dosages of 100 mg/kg/day, 200 mg/kg/day, 400 mg/kg/day, and
400 mg/kg/day, respectively, via intragastric administration. The rats in the
other groups received water daily. Pyridoxamine alleviated diabetic neuropathic
pain at least partially by suppressing the activity of the spinal receptor for
advanced glycation end products-nuclear factor-κB/extracellular signal-regulated
kinase signaling pathway; additionally, pyridoxamine decreased advanced
glycation end product-modified low-density lipoprotein, oxidized low-density
lipoprotein, and interleukin-1β levels in the serum. The immunofluorescence
staining results revealed that most phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB was
localized to neuronal cells and not to microglia or astrocytes; this pattern may
be associated with the upregulated expression of pain-related proteins. The
abovementioned results indicate that pyridoxamine is a promising choice for the
clinical treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain. Further investigations need to
be carried out to confirm the benefits of pyridoxamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Weiyun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Xuerong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Le Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China
| | - Yuguang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, China
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Bednarska K, Kuś P, Fecka I. Investigation of the Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Methylglyoxal Trapping Effect of Galega officinalis L. Herb In Vitro. Molecules 2020; 25:E5810. [PMID: 33317096 PMCID: PMC7764533 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Galega officinalis L. has been known for centuries as an herbal medicine used to alleviate the symptoms of diabetes, but its comprehensive chemical composition and pharmacological activity are still insufficiently known. The current study involved the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and in vitro evaluation of the antioxidative and methylglyoxal (MGO) trapping properties of galega herb. Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with both the electrospray ionization mass spectrometer and diode-array detector (UHPLC-ESI-MS and UHPLC-DAD) were used to investigate the composition and evaluate the anti-MGO capability of extracts and their components. Hot water and aqueous methanol extracts, as well as individual compounds representing phytochemical groups, were also assessed for antioxidant activity using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. Quercetin and metformin were used as a positive control. We confirmed the presence of tricyclic quinazoline alkaloids, guanidines, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) in galega extracts. The polyphenolic fraction was dominated by mono-, di-, and triglycosylated flavonols, as well as monocaffeoylhexaric acids. The in vitro tests indicated which G. officinalis components exhibit beneficial antioxidative and MGO trapping effects. For galega extracts, flavonols, and HCAs, a potent antiradical activity was observed. The ability to trap MGO was noted for guanidines and flavonoids, whereas HCA esters and quinazoline alkaloids were ineffective. The formation of mono-MGO adducts of galegine, hydroxygalegine, and rutin in the examined water infusion was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bednarska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.K.); (I.F.)
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Castelhano J, Ribeiro B, Sanches M, Graça B, Saraiva J, Oliveiros B, Neves C, Rodrigues T, Sereno J, Gonçalves S, Ferreira MJ, Seiça R, Matafome P, Castelo-Branco M. A rat model of enhanced glycation mimics cardiac phenotypic components of human type 2 diabetes : A translational study using MRI. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107554. [PMID: 32122788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The success of translational research depends on how well animal models mimic the pathophysiology of the human phenotype, and on the identification of disease mechanisms such as enhanced glycation. METHODS Here, we studied cardiac MRI and metabolic phenotypes in human type 2 diabetes (N = 106; 55 patients+51 controls) and animal models with distinct levels of fat diet and end glycation products, to model the role of these factors in the cardiac phenotype. We included four groups of rats, designed to evaluate the role of lipid load and glucotoxicity in cardiac function and to correlate these with the cardiac phenotype observed in humans. We also aimed to assess into which extent phenotypes were related to specific risk factors. RESULTS Stroke Volume (SV) and Peak Filling Rate (PFR) measures were similarly discriminative both in humans and animal models, particularly when enhanced glycation was present. Factorial analysis showed that reduction of multidimensionality into common main explanatory factors, in humans and animals, revealed components that equally explained the variance of cardiac phenotypes (87.62% and 83.75%, respectively). One of the components included, both in humans and animals, SV, PFR and peak ejection rate (PER). The other components included in both humans and animals are the following: ESV (end systolic volume), left ventricular mass (LVM) and ejection fraction (EF). These components were useful for between group discrimination. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that animal models of enhanced glycation and human type 2 diabetes share a striking similarity of cardiac phenotypic components and relation with metabolic changes, independently of fact content in the diet, which reinforces the role of glucose dysmetabolism in left ventricular dysfunction and provides a potentially useful approach for translational research in diabetes, in particular when testing new therapies early on during the natural history of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Ribeiro
- CIBIT/ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Bruno Graça
- Coimbra University Hospital (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Saraiva
- Coimbra University Hospital (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Oliveiros
- Laboratório de Bioestatística e Informática Médica, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Christian Neves
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Sereno
- CIBIT/ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Maria João Ferreira
- CIBIT/ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratório de Bioestatística e Informática Médica, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.; Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- CIBIT/ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratório de Bioestatística e Informática Médica, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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13
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Dietary Glycotoxins Impair Hepatic Lipidemic Profile in Diet-Induced Obese Rats Causing Hepatic Oxidative Stress and Insulin Resistance. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6362910. [PMID: 31341532 PMCID: PMC6614994 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6362910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by excessive liver lipid accumulation, but insulin resistance is specifically associated with impaired lipid saturation, oxidation, and storage (esterification), besides increased de novo lipogenesis. We hypothesized that dietary glycotoxins could impair hepatic lipid metabolism in obesity contributing to lipotoxicity-driven insulin resistance and thus to the onset of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In diet-induced obese rats with methylglyoxal-induced glycation, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography were used to assess liver composition in fatty acyl chains and phospholipids. High-fat diet-induced obesity increased liver lipid fraction and suppressed de novo lipogenesis but did not change fatty acid esterification and saturation or insulin sensitivity. Despite a similar increase in total lipid fraction when supplementing the high-fat diet with dietary glycotoxins, impairment in the suppression of de novo lipogenesis and decreased fatty acid unsaturation and esterification were observed. Moreover, glycotoxins also decreased polyunsaturated cardiolipins and caused oxidative stress, portal inflammation, and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Dietary glycated products do not change total lipid levels in the liver of obese rats but dramatically modify the lipidemic profile, leading to oxidative stress, hepatic lipotoxicity, and insulin resistance in obesity and thus contribute to the onset of NASH.
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14
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Bai X, Hou X, Tian J, Geng J, Li X. CDK5 promotes renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy via ERK1/2/PPARγ pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 7:36510-36528. [PMID: 27145370 PMCID: PMC5095017 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) has been documented in podocyte injuries in diabetic nephropathy (DN), however its role in renal tubular epithelial cells has not been elucidated. We report here that CDK5 is detrimental and promotes tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPRAγ) pathway in DN. In high glucose cultured NRK52E cells, blocking CDK5 activity inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis via ERK1/2/PPARγ pathway. In diabetic rats, CDK5 inhibitor roscovitine decreased renal fibrosis and improved renal function as demonstrated by a decrease in levels of blood urine nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine and β2-microglobulin. Further studies revealed that improved renal fibrosis and function in diabetic rats were associated with inactivation of ERK1/2 and PPARγ signaling pathways. In late staged DN patients, the upregulation of CDK5 and p35 activated phosphorylated ERK1/2 and PPARγ, leading to decreased levels of E-cadherin but increased Vimentin and Collagen IV. Accordingly, renal fibrosis and function were worsened as revealed by decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and increased serum BUN, creatinine, β2-microglobulin, 24-hour proteinuria and urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR). These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism that CDK5 increases tubulointerstitial fibrosis by activating the ERK1/2/PPARγ pathway and EMT in DN. CDK5 might have therapeutic potential in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Bai
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Division of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Jianwei Tian
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jian Geng
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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15
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Rodrigues T, Matafome P, Sereno J, Almeida J, Castelhano J, Gamas L, Neves C, Gonçalves S, Carvalho C, Arslanagic A, Wilcken E, Fonseca R, Simões I, Conde SV, Castelo-Branco M, Seiça R. Methylglyoxal-induced glycation changes adipose tissue vascular architecture, flow and expansion, leading to insulin resistance. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1698. [PMID: 28490763 PMCID: PMC5431896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvascular dysfunction has been suggested to trigger adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. This study investigates the hypothesis that glycation impairs microvascular architecture and expandability with an impact on insulin signalling. Animal models supplemented with methylglyoxal (MG), maintained with a high-fat diet (HFD) or both (HFDMG) were studied for periepididymal adipose (pEAT) tissue hypoxia and local and systemic insulin resistance. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) was used to quantify blood flow in vivo, showing MG-induced reduction of pEAT blood flow. Increased adipocyte size and leptin secretion were observed only in rats feeding the high-fat diet, without the development of hypoxia. In turn, hypoxia was only observed when MG was combined (HFDMG group), being associated with impaired activation of the insulin receptor (Tyr1163), glucose intolerance and systemic and muscle insulin resistance. Accordingly, the adipose tissue angiogenic assay has shown decreased capillarization after dose-dependent MG exposure and glyoxalase-1 inhibition. Thus, glycation impairs adipose tissue capillarization and blood flow, hampering its expandability during a high-fat diet challenge and leading to hypoxia and insulin resistance. Such events have systemic repercussions in glucose metabolism and may lead to the onset of unhealthy obesity and progression to type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José Sereno
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (CIBIT-ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Almeida
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Castelhano
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (CIBIT-ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Gamas
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Christian Neves
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sónia Gonçalves
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (CIBIT-ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Carvalho
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amina Arslanagic
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elinor Wilcken
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita Fonseca
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ilda Simões
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, University Hospital Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Silvia Vilares Conde
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School - Faculty of Medical Sciences, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (CIBIT-ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, CNC.IBILI and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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16
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Subramanian U, Nagarajan D. All-Trans Retinoic Acid supplementation prevents cardiac fibrosis and cytokines induced by Methylglyoxal. Glycoconj J 2017; 34:255-265. [PMID: 28091942 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9760-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), a metabolic intermediate of glycolysis is a precursor for endogeneous production of advanced glycation end-products. The increased production of MG have negative influence over the structure and function of different biomolecules and thus plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiac complications. Retinoic acid (RA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, has a major role in preventing cardiac remodeling and ventricular fibrosis. Hence, the objective of the present study was to determine whether rats administered with all-trans retinoic acid (RA) could attenuate MG induced pathological effects. Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 rats were kept as control; Group 2 rats were administrated with MG (75 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Group 3 rats were given RA (Orally, 1.0 mg/kg/day) along with MG; Group 4 rats received RA alone. Cardiac antioxidant status, induction of fibrosis, AGE receptor (RAGE) and cytokines expression was evaluated in the heart tissues. Administration of MG led to depletion of antioxidant enzymes, induction of fibrosis (p < 0.001), up-regulated expression of RAGE (3.5 fold), TGF-β (4.4 fold), SMAD2 (3.7 fold), SMAD3 (6.0 fold), IL-6 (4.3 fold) and TNF-α (5.5 fold) in the heart tissues compared to control rats. Moreover, the exogenous administration of MG caused significant (p < 0.001) increase in the circulating CML levels. Whereas, RA treatment prevented the induction of fibrosis and restored the levels of cytokines and RAGE expression. Methylglyoxal-induced fibrosis can lead to pathological effects in the heart tissues. RA attenuates the effects of MG in the heart, suggesting that it can be of added value to usual diabetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umadevi Subramanian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Devipriya Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
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17
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Matafome P, Rodrigues T, Sena C, Seiça R. Methylglyoxal in Metabolic Disorders: Facts, Myths, and Promises. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:368-403. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI); Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- Department of Complementary Sciences; Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC); Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra; 3045-601 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI); Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Cristina Sena
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI); Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI); Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
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18
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Skrypnyk NI, Voziyan P, Yang H, de Caestecker CR, Theberge MC, Drouin M, Hudson B, Harris RC, de Caestecker MP. Pyridoxamine reduces postinjury fibrosis and improves functional recovery after acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F268-77. [PMID: 27194713 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00056.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and independent risk factor for death and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite promising preclinical data, there is no evidence that antioxidants reduce the severity of injury, increase recovery, or prevent CKD in patients with AKI. Pyridoxamine (PM) is a structural analog of vitamin B6 that interferes with oxidative macromolecular damage via a number of different mechanisms and is in a phase 3 clinical efficacy trial to delay CKD progression in patients with diabetic kidney disease. Because oxidative stress is implicated as one of the main drivers of renal injury after AKI, the ability of PM to interfere with multiple aspects of oxidative damage may be favorable for AKI treatment. In these studies we therefore evaluated PM treatment in a mouse model of AKI. Pretreatment with PM caused a dose-dependent reduction in acute tubular injury, long-term postinjury fibrosis, as well as improved functional recovery after ischemia-reperfusion AKI (IR-AKI). This was associated with a dose-dependent reduction in the oxidative stress marker isofuran-to-F2-isoprostane ratio, indicating that PM reduces renal oxidative damage post-AKI. PM also reduced postinjury fibrosis when administered 24 h after the initiating injury, but this was not associated with improvement in functional recovery after IR-AKI. This is the first report showing that treatment with PM reduces short- and long-term injury, fibrosis, and renal functional recovery after IR-AKI. These preclinical findings suggest that PM, which has a favorable clinical safety profile, holds therapeutic promise for AKI and, most importantly, for prevention of adverse long-term outcomes after AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya I Skrypnyk
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paul Voziyan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Haichun Yang
- Division of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christian R de Caestecker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | | | - Billy Hudson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mark P de Caestecker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; and
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19
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Akıllıoğlu HG, Gökmen V. Kinetic evaluation of the inhibition of protein glycation during heating. Food Chem 2016; 196:1117-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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MicroRNA-130b improves renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis via repression of Snail-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic nephropathy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20475. [PMID: 26837280 PMCID: PMC4738324 DOI: 10.1038/srep20475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-130b (miR-130b) downregulation has been identified in diabetes, but the role and mechanisms for miR-130b in mediating renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remain unknown. We demonstrated that plasma miR-130b downregulation exhibited clinical and biological relevance as it was linked to increased serum creatinine, β2-microglobulin and proteinuria, increased Snail expression and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in renal biopsies of DN patients. MiR-130b inhibitor caused Snail upregulation and enhanced molecular features of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in high glucose (30 mM) cultured NRK-52E cells. In contrast, miR-130b mimic downregulated Snail expression and increased epithelial hallmarks. Notably, Snail was identified as an miR-130b direct target and inversely correlated with E-CADHERIN expression. Furthermore, the miR-130b-dependent effects were due to Snail suppression that in turn deregulated E-CADHERIN, VIMENTIN, COLLAGEN IV and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), key mediators of EMT. These effects were reproduced in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thus, we propose a novel role of the miR-130b-SNAIL axis in fostering EMT and progression toward increased tubulointerstitial fibrosis in DN. Detection of plasma miR-130b and its association with SNAIL can be extrapolated to quantifying the severity of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Targeting miR-130b could be evaluated as a potential therapeutic approach for DN.
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21
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Bo J, Xie S, Guo Y, Zhang C, Guan Y, Li C, Lu J, Meng QH. Methylglyoxal Impairs Insulin Secretion of Pancreatic β-Cells through Increased Production of ROS and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mediated by Upregulation of UCP2 and MAPKs. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:2029854. [PMID: 26779540 PMCID: PMC4686727 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2029854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive glucose metabolic intermediate and a major precursor of advanced glycation end products. MG level is elevated in hyperglycemic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Substantial evidence has shown that MG is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic complications. We investigated the impact of MG on insulin secretion by MIN6 and INS-1 cells and the potential mechanisms of this effect. Our study demonstrates that MG impaired insulin secretion by MIN6 or ISN-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. It increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis rate in MIN6 or ISN-1 cells and inhibited mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP production. Furthermore, the expression of UCP2, JNK, and P38 as well as the phosphorylation JNK and P38 was increased by MG. These effects of MG were attenuated by MG scavenger N-acetyl cysteine. Collectively, these data indicate that MG impairs insulin secretion of pancreatic β-cells through increasing ROS production. High levels of ROS can damage β-cells directly via JNK/P38 upregulation and through activation of UCP2 resulting in reduced MMP and ATP production, leading to β-cell dysfunction and impairment of insulin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshuang Bo
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shiya Xie
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Chunli Zhang
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yanming Guan
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qing H. Meng
- Wenzhou Medical University School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- *Qing H. Meng:
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22
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The role of methylglyoxal and the glyoxalase system in diabetes and other age-related diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 128:839-61. [PMID: 25818485 DOI: 10.1042/cs20140683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The formation and accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) are related to diabetes and other age-related diseases. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, is the major precursor in the formation of AGEs. MGO is mainly formed as a byproduct of glycolysis. Under physiological circumstances, MGO is detoxified by the glyoxalase system into D-lactate, with glyoxalase I (GLO1) as the key enzyme in the anti-glycation defence. New insights indicate that increased levels of MGO and the major MGO-derived AGE, methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone 1 (MG-H1), and dysfunctioning of the glyoxalase system are linked to several age-related health problems, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and disorders of the central nervous system. The present review summarizes the mechanisms through which MGO is formed, its detoxification by the glyoxalase system and its effect on biochemical pathways in relation to the development of age-related diseases. Although several scavengers of MGO have been developed over the years, therapies to treat MGO-associated complications are not yet available for application in clinical practice. Small bioactive inducers of GLO1 can potentially form the basis for new treatment strategies for age-related disorders in which MGO plays a pivotal role.
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Cardoso S, Carvalho C, Marinho R, Simões A, Sena CM, Matafome P, Santos MS, Seiça RM, Moreira PI. Effects of methylglyoxal and pyridoxamine in rat brain mitochondria bioenergetics and oxidative status. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 46:347-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-014-9551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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24
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Rodrigues T, Matafome P, Seiça R. A vascular piece in the puzzle of adipose tissue dysfunction: mechanisms and consequences. Arch Physiol Biochem 2014; 120:1-11. [PMID: 24063516 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2013.838971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, several studies unravelled many aspects of adipose tissue pathophysiology in metabolic diseases. Some studies suggested hypoxia as one of such aspects, despite the exact mechanisms and pathophysiological significance is still partially unknown. Adipose tissue was shown to be hypoxic in obesity, mainly resulting from adipocyte hypertrophy, leading to increased activation of inflammatory pathways. In animal and cell models, hypoxia-induced inflammation was shown to lead to endocrine alterations and dysmetabolism. However, recent evidences suggest that instead of a simple low oxygenation theory, adipose tissue microvasculature may be regulated by a series of factors, including vasoactive factors like angiotensin II, angiogenesis and glycation, among others. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the role of these factors in the regulation of adipose tissue irrigation and the functional consequences of adipose tissue microvascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), University of Coimbra , Portugal
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