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Mashhadi SM, Bhatti MH, Jabeen E, Yunus U, Ashfaq M, Akhtar M, Tahir MN, Alshehri SM, Ahmed S, Ojha SC. Synthesis and Antioxidant Studies of 2,4-Dioxothiazolidine-5-acetic Acid Based Organic Salts: SC-XRD and DFT Approach. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30186-30198. [PMID: 37636949 PMCID: PMC10448636 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, two organic salts (1 and 2) are synthesized, and then crystalline structures are characterized by FTIR, UV spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallographic studies. The organic salts 1 and 2 are optimized at the M06/6-311G(d,p)level of theory and further utilized for analysis of natural bond orbitals (NBOs), natural population, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), and global reactivity parameters, which confirmed the stability of the studied compounds and charge transfer phenomenon in the studied compounds. The studies further revealed that 1 and 2 are more stable than 3. The lowest energy merged monomer-coformer conformations were docked as flexible ligands with rigid fungal proteins and DNA receptors. The stagnant binding of the monomer through two H bonds with protein was observed for ligands 1 and 3 while different pattern was found with 2. The coformers formed a single H bond with the active site in 2 and 3 and a single pi-arene H interaction in 1. The two-point ligand-receptor interactions hooked the monomer between DNA base pairs for partial intercalation; pi stacking with additive hydrogen bonding with the base pair led to a strong benzimidazole interaction in 1 and 2, whereas ethylene diamine formed weak H bonding. Thus, the molecular docking predicted that the coformer exhibited DNA intercalation reinforced by its salt formation with benzimidazole 1 and methyl benzimidazole 2. Antioxidant studies depicted that 3 has a higher IC50 value than that of 2,4-D and also the largest value among the studied compounds, whereas 2 showed the lowest value among the studied compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muddassir
Ali Mashhadi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab 56400, Pakistan
- Department
of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam H. Bhatti
- Department
of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Erum Jabeen
- Department
of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Yunus
- Department
of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department
of Physics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan
| | - Mahjbeen Akhtar
- Department
of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Saad M. Alshehri
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Wellman
Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Suvash Chandra Ojha
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital
of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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2
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Chaurasyia A, Chawla P, Monga V, Singh G. Rhodanine derivatives: An insight into the synthetic and medicinal perspectives as antimicrobial and antiviral agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:500-549. [PMID: 36447391 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Rhodanine or 2-Thioxothiazolidin-4-one is a privileged heterocyclic compound offering a wide opportunity for structural modification, lead development, and modification. It is one of the highly decorated scaffolds in the drug discovery process. Rhodanine derivatives possess a plethora of biological activities due to their ability to interact with a diverse range of protein targets, which provide tremendous opportunities to discover new drugs with different modes of action. The most common strategy for developing novel rhodanine derivatives is the introduction of structurally diverse substituents at the C-5 or N-3, or both positions. Since the inception of Epralestat into the market in 1992, the exploration of rhodanine-3-acetic acids has led to the development of novel leads against different biological targets such as MRSA, HHV-6, Mycobacterial tuberculosis, dengue, etc. In the current pandemic era, some rhodanine compounds have been explored against SARS-CoV-2. In recent years, rhodanine and its derivatives have witnessed significant progress in developing new drug leads as potential antimicrobial and antiviral agents. Different synthetic methodologies and recent developments in the medicinal chemistry of rhodanine derivatives, including biological activities, their mechanistic aspects, structure-activity relationships, and in silico findings, have been compiled in the present review. This article will benefit the scientific community and offer perspectives on how these scaffolds as privileged structures might be exploited in the future for rational design and discovery of rhodanine-based bio-active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Chaurasyia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India.,Research Scholar, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India
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Tshiluka NR, Bvumbi MV, Mnyakeni-Moleele SS. Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibition of New N-Substituted Glitazone and Rhodanine Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s106816202302022x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Marycz K, Kowalczuk A, Turlej E, Zachanowicz E, Tomaszewska A, Kulpa-Greszta M, Kępska M, Steczkiewicz Z, Pązik R. Impact of Polyrhodanine Manganese Ferrite Binary Nanohybrids (PRHD@MnFe 2O 4) on Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts Activities-A Key Factor in Osteoporosis Treatment. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15113990. [PMID: 35683288 PMCID: PMC9181943 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by the reduction of bone mineral density and the weakness of the bone strength leading to fractures. Searching for new compounds that stimulate bone activity and their ability to reconstruct seems to be a promising tool in osteoporosis treatment. Here, we performed analyses comparing the impact of polyrhodanine (PRHD) and its derivatives on the viability (anti-proliferative tests), morphology and mitochondrial network (confocal microscopy) towards pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 cell line) and osteoclasts (4B12 cell line). Moreover, we assessed the expression of genes associated with the apoptosis, inflammation and osteogenic differentiation by qPCR technique. Our results clearly demonstrated that PRHD and its modification at ratio 10/90 significantly improves the pre-osteoblast’s proliferative abilities, while reducing osteoclast function. The observed effects were strongly correlated with the cytoskeleton and mitochondrial network development and arrangement. Additionally, the expression profile of genes revealed enhanced apoptosis of osteoclasts in the case of PRHD and its modification at ratio 10/90. Moreover, in this case we also observed strong anti-inflammatory properties demonstrated by decreased expression of Il1b, Tnfa and Tgfb in pre-osteoblasts and osteoclasts. On the other hand, enhanced expression of the markers associated with bone remodeling, namely, osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCL) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), seem to confirm the role of PRHD@MnFe2O4 in the promotion of differentiation of pre-osteoblasts through the ALP-OPN-OCL axis. Based on these observations, PRHD@MnFe2O4 could be a potential agent in osteoporosis treatment in future, however, further studies are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Norwida 27, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.T.); (M.K.); (Z.S.)
- National Medicines Institute (NIL), Chelmska 30/34, 00-725 Warszawa, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Kowalczuk
- National Medicines Institute (NIL), Chelmska 30/34, 00-725 Warszawa, Poland;
| | - Eliza Turlej
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Norwida 27, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.T.); (M.K.); (Z.S.)
| | - Emilia Zachanowicz
- Polymer Engineering and Technology Division, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Tomaszewska
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.T.); (M.K.-G.); (R.P.)
| | - Magdalena Kulpa-Greszta
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.T.); (M.K.-G.); (R.P.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstancow Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Martyna Kępska
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Norwida 27, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.T.); (M.K.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zofia Steczkiewicz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Norwida 27, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.T.); (M.K.); (Z.S.)
| | - Robert Pązik
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; (A.T.); (M.K.-G.); (R.P.)
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Rhodanine scaffold: A review of antidiabetic potential and structure-activity relationships (SAR). MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2022.100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Kumar N, Thomas S, Rao R, Maiti N, Kshirsagar RJ. Plasmon-Induced Dimerization of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione on Silver Nanoparticles: Revealed by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Study. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9770-9780. [PMID: 31633920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) study carried on thiazolidine-2,4-dione (TZD), a pharmacologically active heterocyclic compound, points to the presence of TZD dimer formed by plasmon-induced dimerization reaction of TZD on the surface of silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) at TZD concentrations of 10-3 M and above. The evidence for the presence of dimer was obtained from the appearance of a prominent band at 1566 cm-1 corresponding to the ν(C═C) band (a characteristic vibrational band observed for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction products) which is absent in the normal Raman scattering (NRS) spectra of TZD solid/solution. The observed spectrum compares well with the calculated spectrum of dimer obtained using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The dimerization reaction is plausibly induced by the transfer of hot electrons generated by the nonradiative plasmon decay of Ag NP, and the proposed reaction mechanism is discussed. However, at lower concentrations (10-4-10-6 M), the characteristic dimer peak (1566 cm-1) is absent and the SERS spectra resemble more the NRS spectrum of TZD with a few changes. The spectral analysis supported by DFT calculations showed that TZD molecules undergo deprotonation and get adsorbed on the Ag NP surface as enolate forms. The proximity of TZD molecules on the surface of Ag NP is a necessary factor for the dimerization to occur. At lower concentrations, most molecules lie apart and reactions between molecules become less feasible, and they remain as monomers on the surface, while at higher concentrations the molecules are closer to each other on the Ag NP surface favoring the dimerization reaction to take place, leading to the formation of the dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai , 400 094 , India
| | | | - Rekha Rao
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai , 400 094 , India
| | - N Maiti
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai , 400 094 , India
| | - R J Kshirsagar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai , 400 094 , India
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Solid acid TS-1 catalyst: an efficient catalyst in Knoevenagel condensation for the synthesis of 5-arylidene-2,4-thiazolidinediones/Rhodanines in aqueous medium. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3570-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Nasiri F, Nazari P. One-pot solvent-free three-component reaction between primary amines, carbon disulfide, and 5-alkylidene rhodanines: a convenient synthesis of asymmetric birhodanines. Mol Divers 2018; 22:601-608. [PMID: 29546553 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9816-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
One-pot solvent-free three-component reaction between primary amines, carbon disulfide, and 5-alkylidene rhodanines in the presence of a catalytic amount of tetra n-butylammonium bromide proceed at room temperature and produced asymmetric birhodanines in good to high yields within 5 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farough Nasiri
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Parisa Nazari
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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Testing the ability of rhodanine and 2, 4-thiazolidinedione to interact with the human pancreatic alpha-amylase: electron-density descriptors complement molecular docking, QM, and QM/MM dynamics calculations. J Mol Model 2017; 23:252. [PMID: 28780749 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A combined molecular docking, QM, and QM/MM dynamics modeling complemented with electron-density based descriptors computed at the B3LYP/6-311G++(d,p) level of theory have been carried out in order to understand the ability of the drugs rhodanine (RD) and 2,4-thiazolidinedione (TZD) in the effective treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The global HOMO/LUMO descriptors provided just a very rough estimate of the chemical reactivity of both molecules, while the features of electron density studied in terms of its Laplacian and electrostatic potential allowed identifying the local electron rich/poor sites which were associated with the regions of electrophilic/nucleophilic attacks in RD and TZD. These results were thoroughly checked using the novel physically-grounded functional descriptors such as the phase-space Fisher information density and the internal kinetic electronic pressure density, which confirmed the information on bonding and lone electron pair details. The molecular docking, QM, and QM/MM dynamics analyses revealed the detailed picture of interactions of the drugs with the amino acid residues of the active site of the human pancreatic alpha-amylase protein (hPAA). The main difference in behavior of RD and TZD molecules is related to the hydrogen bond between the NH group of the ligand and Asp197. In hPAA complex with RD the proton from the NH group, which carries large positive charge (~ +0.45 e), spontaneously transfers to the carboxyl group of Asp197 and stays there, while in complex with TZD this proton frequently changes its position with the more preferable formation of covalent bond with the N atom. Upon deprotonation of the ligand, its hydrogen bonds with Arg195 and His299 become stronger. This process influences the binding with the difference of the binding constants of RD and TZD about 200 times with the higher value corresponding to the RD molecule. Thus, the cumulative results lead to the conclusion that rhodanine would have a higher binding affinity than the 2,4-thiazolidinedione molecule in the active site of human pancreatic alpha-amylase.
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Tejchman W, Korona-Glowniak I, Malm A, Zylewski M, Suder P. Antibacterial properties of 5-substituted derivatives of rhodanine-3-carboxyalkyl acids. Med Chem Res 2017; 26:1316-1324. [PMID: 28515623 PMCID: PMC5410203 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of rhodanine 3-carboxyalkanoic acid derivatives possessing 4′-(N,N-dialkyl-amino or diphenylamino)-benzylidene moiety as a substituent at the C-5 position were synthesised and their antibacterial activity was screened. All the rhodanine derivatives showed bacteriostatic or bactericidal activity to the reference gram-positive bacterial strains, but lack of activity to the reference Gram-negative bacterial strains and yeast strains was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Tejchman
- Departament of Chemistry, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podchorazych 2, Kraków, 30-084 Poland
| | - Izabela Korona-Glowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, Lublin, 20-093 Poland
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, Lublin, 20-093 Poland
| | - Marek Zylewski
- Jagiellonian Center of Innovation, NMR Laboratory, Bobrzyńskiego 14, Kraków, 30-348 Poland
| | - Piotr Suder
- Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, Kraków, 30-059 Poland.,Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, Kraków, 30-059 Poland
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Meanwell NA. 2015 Philip S. Portoghese Medicinal Chemistry Lectureship. Curing Hepatitis C Virus Infection with Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents: The Arc of a Medicinal Chemistry Triumph. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7311-51. [PMID: 27501244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of direct-acting antiviral agents that can cure a chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after 8-12 weeks of daily, well-tolerated therapy has revolutionized the treatment of this insidious disease. In this article, three of Bristol-Myers Squibb's HCV programs are summarized, each of which produced a clinical candidate: the NS3 protease inhibitor asunaprevir (64), marketed as Sunvepra, the NS5A replication complex inhibitor daclatasvir (117), marketed as Daklinza, and the allosteric NS5B polymerase inhibitor beclabuvir (142), which is in late stage clinical studies. A clinical study with 64 and 117 established for the first time that a chronic HCV infection could be cured by treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents alone in the absence of interferon. The development of small molecule HCV therapeutics, designed by medicinal chemists, has been hailed as "the arc of a medical triumph" but may equally well be described as "the arc of a medicinal chemistry triumph".
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development , Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
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