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Apenyo T, Taveira TH, Wu WC. Hostility and prevalent diabetes among black adults: The Jackson Heart Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:770-777. [PMID: 36774203 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The relationship between hostility and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among black adults was investigated using the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohort. We hypothesized that Cook-Medley Hostility scores will be positively related with the prevalence of DM. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 3232 black adults who completed at least one question for each of the three subscales of the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale and had data available regarding DM status were included. Using multivariate logistic regression, we studied the cross-sectional relationship between the overall Total Cook-Medley Hostility scores and individual subscales, hostile affect (n = 3232), aggression (n = 3119) and cynical distrust (n = 3085), with prevalent DM, adjusting for known DM confounders. Our population was 36% male with a mean age of 53.5 ± 0.9 years. In risk-factor adjusted models, each point higher in the overall Total Cook-Medley Hostility scores was associated with increased odds of having DM [Adjusted OR 1.02, 95%CI 1.00-1.04, P = 0.03]. Higher scores of cynicism were independently associated with prevalent DM [Adjusted OR 1.04, 95%CI 1.01-1.07, p = 0.021]. CONCLUSIONS There was a positive relationship between overall hostility levels and prevalent DM. Future studies should investigate the extent to which additional social determinants may impact the relationship between hostile affect and prevalent DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsikata Apenyo
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, 222 Richmond St., Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Tracey H Taveira
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, 222 Richmond St., Providence, RI 02903, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center of Innovation for Long Term Services & Support, 830 Chalkstone Ave., Providence, RI 02908, USA; University of Rhode Island, College of Pharmacy, Avedisian Hall, 7 Greenhouse Rd., Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, 222 Richmond St., Providence, RI 02903, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center of Innovation for Long Term Services & Support, 830 Chalkstone Ave., Providence, RI 02908, USA; University of Rhode Island, College of Pharmacy, Avedisian Hall, 7 Greenhouse Rd., Kingston, RI 02881, USA; Brown University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 121 South Main St., Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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Valdés-Stauber J, Milani M, Ciurus M, Bachthaler S. Psychological changes after coronary angiographic intervention: pre-post comparison and follow-up. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2021; 27:2273-2287. [PMID: 34423696 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1968011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate the relevance of cardiovascular diseases for health policies and medical care, especially coronary heart diseases and myocardial infarction. Research has shown that a significant proportion of patients undergoing coronary angiography suffer from clinically relevant mental stress. The aim of this study is to investigate to what extent the psychological state of cardiology patients changes in short- and mid-term periods after coronary angiography has been performed. The study design is naturalistic, longitudinal and comparative about consecutively admitted patients undergoing coronary angiography (N = 419; consenting patients fulfilling inclusion criteria n = 68) at four measurement points: before and after angiography and 6 weeks and 6 months after discharge. The statistical analysis includes paired t-tests, chi-square tests, effect sizes and random effects regression models. The sample was representative of the target population. The prevalence of risk factors were: 84% heart attack, 31% diabetes and 84% hypertension. There were no angiographic pathological findings in 12% of the sample. The neuroticism levels of the sample was higher than in the general population. There were almost no pre-post differences for depression, anxiety, psychological well-being, self-efficacy, resilience or locus of control. At the mid-term, well-being and anxiety decreased and internal locus of control increased. Neuroticism was negatively and extraversion and openness were positively associated with mental state and resources. The sample showed persistent adverse subsyndromal depressivity. At the mid-term, patients realised that their prognosis also depends on their own behaviour (internal attribution). Special psychosomatic attention should be given to people with subsyndromal depression, higher emotional instability and those with angina pectoris symptoms displaying normal coronary angiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Valdés-Stauber
- Zentrum für Psychiatrie Südwürttemberg, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie I, Universität Ulm, Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Marcella Milani
- Cardiology Department, Oberschwabenklinik, Ravensburg, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Bachthaler
- Department Psychosomatic Medicine, Zentrum Für Psychiatrie Südwürttemberg, Ravensburg, Germany
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Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for cardiology during COVID-19 pandemic. SUSTAINABLE OPERATIONS AND COMPUTERS 2021; 2. [PMCID: PMC8052508 DOI: 10.1016/j.susoc.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Artificial Intelligence (AI) shows extensive capabilities to impact different healthcare areas during the COVID-19 pandemic positively. This paper tries to assess the capabilities of AI in the field of cardiology during the COVID-19 pandemic. This technology is useful to provide advanced technology-based treatment in cardiology as it can help analyse and measure the functioning of the human heart. Methods We have studied a good number of research papers on Artificial Intelligence on cardiology during the COVID-19 pandemic to identify its significant benefits, applications, and future scope. AI uses artificial neuronal networks (ANN) to predict. In cardiology, it is used to predict the survival of a COVID-19 patient from heart failure. Results AI involves complex algorithms for predicting somewhat successful diagnosis and treatments. This technology uses different techniques, such as cognitive computing, deep learning, and machine learning. It is incorporated to make a decision and resolve complex challenges. It can focus on a large number of diseases, their causes, interactions, and prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper introduces AI-based care and studies its need in the field of cardiology. Finally, eleven major applications of AI in cardiology during the COVID-19 pandemic are identified and discussed. Conclusions Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of death in human beings, and it is increasing for the last few years. Cardiology patients' treatment is expensive, so this technology is introduced to provide a new pathway and visualise cardiac anomalies. AI is used to identify novel drug therapies and improve the efficiency of a physician. It is precise to predict the outcome of the COVID-19 patient from cardiac-based algorithms. Artificial Intelligence is becoming a popular feature of various engineering and healthcare sectors, is thought for providing a sustainable treatment platform. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this technology digitally controls some processes of treatments.
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Sahoo S, Padhy SK, Padhee B, Singla N, Sarkar S. Role of personality in cardiovascular diseases: An issue that needs to be focused too! Indian Heart J 2018; 70 Suppl 3:S471-S477. [PMID: 30595309 PMCID: PMC6310178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides a broad overview of the relationship of personality with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There has been a sustained interest over the last half a century on the issue of relationship between personality traits and CVDs. Type A behavior was the initial focus of inquiry as it was observed that individuals who were competitive, hostile, and excessively driven were overrepresented among patients seeking treatment for CVDs and also were prone to develop coronary artery disease/syndrome. However, the research gradually expanded to assess the relationship of cardiac morbidity with various other personality facets. Furthermore, studies found out that negative effects (including anger and hostility) were also associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Subsequently, a new personality entity named as the type D ‘distressed’ personality, which combined negative affectivity and social inhibition. type D personality then became the area of research and was demonstrated to be related with poorer cardiac outcomes. Interestingly, the results of various research studies are not equivocal, and hence, there are several critiques related to the current understanding of the link between personality construct and the risk of development as well as the outcome of CVDs. Furthermore, few personality traits such as optimism, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and curiosity have been found to be protective factors against development of CVDs and therefore are called ‘cardioprotective’ personality traits. A detailed discussion on the various aspects of personality in relation to CVDs along with a critical appraisal has been presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751019, India.
| | - Susanta Kumar Padhy
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar-751019, India.
| | - Binayananda Padhee
- Department of Cardiology, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751025, India.
| | - Neha Singla
- National Health Mission, Kavaratti 682555, India.
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Pocnet C, Antonietti JP, Strippoli MPF, Glaus J, Rossier J, Preisig M. Personality, tobacco consumption, physical inactivity, obesity markers, and metabolic components as risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the general population. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2016; 22:932-939. [PMID: 27806629 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2016.1255767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits, tobacco consumption, physical inactivity, obesity markers and metabolic components as cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs). A total of 2543 participants from the general population (CoLaus|PsyCoLaus) had provided complete information on physical health and unhealthy behaviors and completed the Revised NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Our results show a strong cross-correlation between obesity markers and metabolic components suggesting that their combination could represent an important CVRF. Moreover, socio-demographic characteristics, tobacco consumption, and physical inactivity were associated with both obesity markers and metabolic components latent traits. The conscientiousness personality trait was significantly associated with obesity markers, but played a modest role. Indeed, higher conscientiousness was associated with lower level of obesity indicators. However, no link between personality and metabolic components were found. In sum, our data suggest that health related behaviours have more effect on the development of cardiovascular diseases than personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Pocnet
- a Institute of Psychology , University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | | | - Marie-Pierre F Strippoli
- b Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center , Lausanne University Hospital , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Glaus
- b Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center , Lausanne University Hospital , Lausanne , Switzerland.,c Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program , National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Jérôme Rossier
- a Institute of Psychology , University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland.,d Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES (NCCRs) , University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- b Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center , Lausanne University Hospital , Lausanne , Switzerland
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Horiuchi M, Endo J, Akatsuka S, Hasegawa T, Yamamoto E, Uno T, Kikuchi S. An effective strategy to reduce blood pressure after forest walking in middle-aged and aged people. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:3711-6. [PMID: 26834337 PMCID: PMC4713776 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.3711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Forest walking may be effective for human health, but little information is
available about effects of energy expenditure on blood pressure responses after forest
walking. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the activity
energy expenditure and changes in blood pressure in individuals after forest walking.
[Subjects] The subjects were 54 middle-aged and elderly people. [Methods] All subjects
walked in the forest for approximately 90 min. Blood pressure, salivary amylase, and the
Profile of Mood States were evaluated before and after forest walking, and activity energy
expenditure was monitored throughout forest walking. Subjects were divided into two groups
according to mean arterial pressure changes: a responder group (>5% decreases) and a
nonresponder group (<5%). [Results] Forest walking significantly reduced the mean
arterial pressure and improved the Profile of Mood States in both groups. Activity energy
expenditure was related to changes in mean arterial pressure in the responder group, while
this relation was not observed in the nonresponder group. Differential activity energy
expenditure did not strongly affect improvement of the Profile of Mood States.
[Conclusion] Greater walking-related greater activity energy expenditure might be required
to accentuate physiological beneficial effects on in middle-aged and aged people.
Furthermore, the forest environment per se can attenuate psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Horiuchi
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Japan
| | - Junko Endo
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Japan
| | - Shin Akatsuka
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hasegawa
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Japan
| | - Eriko Yamamoto
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Japan
| | - Tadashi Uno
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kikuchi
- Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Japan
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