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Akinyemi KO, Fakorede CO, Amisu KO, Wareth G. Human and Animal Brucellosis in Nigeria: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis in the Last Twenty-One Years (2001–2021). Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080384. [PMID: 35893777 PMCID: PMC9394481 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Brucellosis caused by Brucella spp. is transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infected animals or their secretions and through the consumption of infected animal meat and unpasteurized milk/milk products. Brucellosis is classified as one of the top neglected zoonosis by the World Health Organization (WHO), and despite this, it does not attract the appropriate attention it requires from both the Federal and State ministries of health in Nigeria. Currently, there is a lack of coordinated national data on the prevalence and distribution of human and animal brucellosis. Thus, published research works between 2001 and 2021 were studied based on set criteria to estimate the burden and distribution of brucellosis in Nigeria. The results of the national seroprevalence of human and animal brucellosis were 17.6% (554/3144) and 13.3% (8547/64,435), respectively. Specifically, 15.8% (7178/45,363) seroprevalence of brucellosis was recorded in northern Nigeria as against 8.7% (1902/21,740) in the southern part. Brucella abortus, B. melitensis, B. suis, and B. canis were reported in 27 of the 36 states. Improved sanitation at the abattoirs, use of personal protective equipment by animal handlers, vaccination of animals against brucellosis, and ranching of animals to curb the spread of the disease should be paramount to all stakeholders. Abstract The global burden of human and animal brucellosis remains enormous. The disease, which is endemic in Nigeria, lacks appropriate attention and national data. This review estimated the burden and distribution of human and animal brucellosis in Nigeria in the last twenty-one years (2001–2021). Publications reporting the detection of brucellosis in Nigeria were sorted from different search engines, including PubMed, ResearchGate, Scopus, and Google Scholar, to generate data on its prevalence, spatial distribution, and predisposing factors. The results of the national seroprevalence of human and animal brucellosis as revealed in this study were 17.6% (554/3144) and 13.3% (8547/64,435), respectively. Specifically, 15.8% (7178/45,363) seroprevalence of brucellosis was recorded in northern Nigeria as against 8.7% (1902/21,740) seroprevalence in the southern part. It also indicated that 78.7% of the detected brucellae were un-typed. The Brucella species detected were B. abortus (15.2%), B. melitensis (4%), B. suis (1.8%), and B. canis (0.4%). This study revealed that brucellosis is endemic in Nigeria. Culture and molecular methods for detecting brucellosis and reports on antimicrobial susceptibility testing remain a conjecture. This review will help researchers redirect their research focus and serve as a guide for policymakers on measures for managing brucellosis in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabiru O. Akinyemi
- Department of Microbiology, Lagos State University, Km 15, Badagry Expressway, Lasu Post Office, Ojo, P.O. Box 0001, Lagos 102101, Nigeria; (C.O.F.); (K.O.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Christopher O. Fakorede
- Department of Microbiology, Lagos State University, Km 15, Badagry Expressway, Lasu Post Office, Ojo, P.O. Box 0001, Lagos 102101, Nigeria; (C.O.F.); (K.O.A.)
| | - Kehinde O. Amisu
- Department of Microbiology, Lagos State University, Km 15, Badagry Expressway, Lasu Post Office, Ojo, P.O. Box 0001, Lagos 102101, Nigeria; (C.O.F.); (K.O.A.)
| | - Gamal Wareth
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany;
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Bolajoko MB, Van Gool F, Peters AR, Suarez Martinez J, Vance CJ, Dungu B. Field survey of major infectious and reproductive diseases responsible for mortality and productivity losses of ruminants amongst Nigerian Fulani pastoralists. Gates Open Res 2020; 4:162. [PMID: 33817561 PMCID: PMC7986242 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13164.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Animal disease constitutes a major hurdle to improved livelihoods in rural Nigeria through the challenges of loss of productivity, livestock morbidity and mortality including reproductive losses. In order to design and implement impactful interventions, baseline data on the causes of such losses are needed. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to carry out targeted field surveys, including interviews with ruminant farmers, veterinary professionals and other stakeholders in livestock farming to establish the main causes of disease and mortality including abortions in cattle and small ruminants (SR). Methods: Northern Nigeria was selected because the majority of the nation's ruminants belong to pastoralists who are primarily resident in this region. Seven states; Bauchi, Kaduna, Kano, Nasarawa, Niger, Sokoto and Zamfara states were surveyed. The responses were collated and a comprehensive descriptive analysis was carried out. Results: Average cattle herd sizes ranged from 28 in Zamfara to 103 in Nasarawa; and from 27 in Kano to 128 in Sokoto for SR. In cattle, Trypanosomosis (with 4.27% mortality rate), foot and mouth disease (3.81%), nutritional insufficiency (1.93%) and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP; 1.44%) were the top four diseases/health problems that resulted in the highest mortality due to diseases within each state surveyed. For SR, trypanosomosis (with 6.85% mortality rate), Peste des Petits Ruminants (4.99%), orf (3.06%), foot rot (2.97%) and foot and mouth disease (2.94%) were the most important diseases responsible for the highest number of mortalities and culling for disease. Conclusions: The study revealed that there are significant losses via mortalities due to the occurrence of disease amongst the ruminant populations countrywide, as evidenced by the high overall mortality rates of both cattle (15.3%) and small ruminants (30.9%) from various diseases. Also, reproductive losses of 8.7% and 16.6% in cattle and SR, respectively, were recorded amongst the farmers involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed B Bolajoko
- Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria
| | | | - Andew R Peters
- Supporting Evidence Based Interventions (SEBI), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Jeimmy Suarez Martinez
- Supporting Evidence Based Interventions (SEBI), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Ciara J Vance
- Supporting Evidence Based Interventions (SEBI), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Baptiste Dungu
- Excelvet Consultants, Mandelieu, France.,Onderstepoort Biological Products, Pretoria, South Africa
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Ukwueze KO, Ishola OO, Dairo MD, Awosanya EJ, Cadmus SI. Seroprevalence of brucellosis and associated factors among livestock slaughtered in Oko-Oba abattoir, Lagos State, southwestern Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 36:53. [PMID: 32774628 PMCID: PMC7392031 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.53.21094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Brucella infection, a neglected tropical zoonosis, poses public health threat to abattoir workers in developing countries including Nigeria. Oko-Oba abattoir is one of the largest abattoirs in the country that collects livestock from different parts of the country. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with seropositivity of brucellosis among livestock slaughtered at Oko-Oba abattoir. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2018. A total of 473 serum samples were collected from livestock at the abattoir and tested for antibodies to Brucella species using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (iELISA). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi square test (p < 0.05). Results Overall seroprevalence values were 15.3% (RBPT) and 16.3% (iELISA) among the livestock slaughtered at the Oko-Oba abattoir. Seroprevalence of 17.2% (RBPT) and 15.8% (iELISA) in cattle; 15.1% (RBPT) and 14.5% (iELISA) in goat; and 8.3% (RBPT) and 23.3% (iELISA) in sheep were obtained. Higher seroprevalence were recorded among females in cattle (18.8% iELISA) and sheep (23.1% iELISA) while male goats had average value higher (14.7% iELISA) than the female (p > 0.05). Conclusion Presence of Brucella infection among slaughtered livestock was confirmed at Oko-Oba abattoir, Lagos State, Nigeria and poses a threat to abattoir workers and public health. Control of the disease in livestock and use of personal protective gear is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olayinka Olabisi Ishola
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Magbagbeola David Dairo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Jolaoluwa Awosanya
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Simeon Idowu Cadmus
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Olufemi OT, Dantala DB, Shinggu PA, Dike UA, Otolorin GR, Nwuku JA, Baba-Onoja EBT, Jatau TD, Amama FI. Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors among Indigenous Breeds of Goats in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. J Pathog 2018; 2018:5257926. [PMID: 30515331 PMCID: PMC6236658 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5257926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated with brucellosis in indigenous breeds of goats. A total of 386 goats were sampled from three political wards: Puje, Avyi, and Hospital: harvested sera samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). GraphPad Prism version 7.03 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) was used to analyse the association between seroprevalence of brucellosis and age, sex, breed, location, and management system by using Chi square and Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Brucellosis was detected in all three wards: Puje; 15%, Avyi; 6.6%, and Hospital; 7.6%. A prevalence rate of 2.8%, 8%, 18.7%, and 1% was recorded for <20-month, 22-35-month, 36-45-month, and ≥46-55-month age categories, respectively (P < 0.05). Only 9.5% was observed for male animals while 9.8% was observed for female animals with no statistical difference between the males and females. Breed-specific seroprevalence yielded 7.4%, 5.4% 12%, 12.8%, and 11.6%, for Cross, West Africa Dwarf, Red Sokoto, Kano Brown, and Sahel breeds of goat, respectively. There is an evidence of brucellosis (9.6%) in Wukari L.G.A, Taraba State, and age is a risk factor for the disease in the study area. There is a need to enlighten the public on the zoonotic potentials and economic impacts of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaolu T. Olufemi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Danjuma B. Dantala
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
| | - Paul A. Shinggu
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
| | - Umesi A. Dike
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
| | - Gbeminiyi R. Otolorin
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Jivini A. Nwuku
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
| | - Eyiojo B. T. Baba-Onoja
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
| | - Tenmuso D. Jatau
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
| | - Francis I. Amama
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
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Aworh MK, Okolocha EC, Awosanya EJ, Fasina FO. Sero-prevalence and intrinsic factors associated with Brucella infection in food animals slaughtered at abattoirs in Abuja, Nigeria. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:499. [PMID: 29017544 PMCID: PMC5634886 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2827-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucellosis, a neglected tropical food-borne zoonotic disease, has a negative impact on both animal and human health as well as tremendous socio-economic impact in developing countries where rural income relies largely on livestock breeding and dairy products. It is endemic in the animal population in Nigeria and is a recognized occupational hazard. This work was done to establish the sero-prevalence and predisposing factors of food animals in Abuja, Nigeria to Brucella infection. RESULTS Of 376 cattle, 203 sheep and 260 goats screened, 21 (5.6%); 19 (9.4%); 51 (19.6%) were positive, respectively for brucellosis with Rose Bengal Plate Test, and 2 (0.5%); 4 (2.0%); 10 (3.8%), respectively with c-ELISA. The likelihood of acquiring Brucella infection was higher among the Red Sokoto breed of goats compared to other breeds of goats (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION This study showed that the prevalence of Brucella infection was low in food animals slaughtered at abattoirs in Abuja. However, of all animals screened, seropositivity to Brucella infection was highest in goats with Red Sokoto breed of goats more likely to acquire the disease when compared to other breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Kamweli Aworh
- Department of Veterinary & Pest Control Services, Federal Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development, FCDA Secretariat, Area 11, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria
- Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Folorunso Oludayo Fasina
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
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Rossetti CA, Arenas-Gamboa AM, Maurizio E. Caprine brucellosis: A historically neglected disease with significant impact on public health. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005692. [PMID: 28817647 PMCID: PMC5560528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Caprine brucellosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the gram-negative cocci-bacillus Brucella melitensis. Middle- to late-term abortion, stillbirths, and the delivery of weak offspring are the characteristic clinical signs of the disease that is associated with an extensive negative impact in a flock's productivity. B. melitensis is also the most virulent Brucella species for humans, responsible for a severely debilitating and disabling illness that results in high morbidity with intermittent fever, chills, sweats, weakness, myalgia, abortion, osteoarticular complications, endocarditis, depression, anorexia, and low mortality. Historical observations indicate that goats have been the hosts of B. melitensis for centuries; but around 1905, the Greek physician Themistokles Zammit was able to build the epidemiological link between "Malta fever" and the consumption of goat milk. While the disease has been successfully managed in most industrialized countries, it remains a significant burden on goat and human health in the Mediterranean region, the Middle East, Central and Southeast Asia (including India and China), sub-Saharan Africa, and certain areas in Latin America, where approximately 3.5 billion people live at risk. In this review, we describe a historical evolution of the disease, highlight the current worldwide distribution, and estimate (by simple formula) the approximate costs of brucellosis outbreaks to meat- and milk-producing farms and the economic losses associated with the disease in humans. Successful control leading to eradication of caprine brucellosis in the developing world will require a coordinated Global One Health approach involving active involvement of human and animal health efforts to enhance public health and improve livestock productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Rossetti
- Instituto de Patobiología, CICVyA-CNIA, INTA. Nicolás Repetto y de Los Reseros s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Angela M. Arenas-Gamboa
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Estefanía Maurizio
- Instituto de Patobiología, CICVyA-CNIA, INTA. Nicolás Repetto y de Los Reseros s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ogugua AJ, Akinseye VO, Ayoola MC, Oyesola OO, Shima FK, Tijjani AO, Musa ANA, Adesokan HK, Perrett L, Taylor A, Stack JA, Moriyon I, Cadmus SIB. Seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis in goats in selected states in Nigeria and the public health implications. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014; 43:121-129. [PMID: 26689681 PMCID: PMC4682909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Available reports on brucellosis in Nigeria are largely confined to cattle while it is believed that other ruminants like sheep and goats are equally exposed to the disease. To have an insight into the role of goats in the epidemiology of brucellosis in Nigeria, we conducted a cross-sectional study between June 2011 and May 2013 to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in goats in some selected states in Nigeria. Serum samples were collected from goats at different locations and tested for antibodies to Brucella spp using the Rose Bengal Test (RBT), samples positive by RBT were further subjected to Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (cELISA). Data collected to determine risk factors were also analysed using chi-square and logistics regression statistics. Out of a total of 2827 samples tested from the different states (Benue = 331; Borno =195; Oyo = 2155; Sokoto = 146), we recorded an overall seroprevalence of 2.83% (Benue = 17.30%; Borno = 2.05%; Oyo = 0.60% and Sokoto = 0.00%) by RBT. The cELISA further supported 9.45% (7/74) of the total RBT positive samples. Logistic regression analysis showed that the location (p = 0.004) and source (p < 0.0001); are probable risk factors to be considered in the epidemiology of brucellosis with sex (p = 0.179); age (p = 0.791) and breed (p = 0.369) not playing any major role. Our findings reveal a relatively low seroprevalence of brucellosis among goats screened except for Benue State. Since most of the goats sampled in the present study were from the abattoirs, further farm level investigations are required to determine the role of goats in the epidemiology of brucellosis in Nigeria since they share common environment with sheep and cattle that are natural hosts of Brucella species which are of major public health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Ogugua
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - V O Akinseye
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - M C Ayoola
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - O O Oyesola
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - F K Shima
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - A O Tijjani
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Maiduguri
| | - Aderemi N A Musa
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - H K Adesokan
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - Lorraine Perrett
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - Andrew Taylor
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
| | - Judy A Stack
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, United Kingdom
| | - I Moriyon
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarre, Spain
| | - S I B Cadmus
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan
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Ducrotoy MJ, Bertu WJ, Ocholi RA, Gusi AM, Bryssinckx W, Welburn S, Moriyón I. Brucellosis as an emerging threat in developing economies: lessons from Nigeria. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e3008. [PMID: 25058178 PMCID: PMC4109902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, has a large proportion of the world's poor livestock keepers, and is a hotspot for neglected zoonoses. A review of the 127 accessible publications on brucellosis in Nigeria reveals only scant and fragmented evidence on its spatial and temporal distribution in different epidemiological contexts. The few bacteriological studies conducted demonstrate the existence of Brucella abortus in cattle and sheep, but evidence for B. melitensis in small ruminants is dated and unclear. The bulk of the evidence consists of seroprevalence studies, but test standardization and validation are not always adequately described, and misinterpretations exist with regard to sensitivity and/or specificity and ability to identify the infecting Brucella species. Despite this, early studies suggest that although brucellosis was endemic in extensive nomadic systems, seroprevalence was low, and brucellosis was not perceived as a real burden; recent studies, however, may reflect a changing trend. Concerning human brucellosis, no studies have identified the Brucella species and most reports provide only serological evidence of contact with Brucella in the classical risk groups; some suggest brucellosis misdiagnoses as malaria or other febrile conditions. The investigation of a severe outbreak that occurred in the late 1970s describes the emergence of animal and human disease caused by the settling of previously nomadic populations during the Sahelian drought. There appears to be an increasing risk of re-emergence of brucellosis in sub-Saharan Africa, as a result of the co-existence of pastoralist movements and the increase of intensive management resulting from growing urbanization and food demand. Highly contagious zoonoses like brucellosis pose a threat with far-reaching social and political consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie J. Ducrotoy
- Division of Pathway Medicine and Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Wilson J. Bertu
- Brucellosis Research Unit, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Reuben A. Ocholi
- Brucellosis Research Unit, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Amahyel M. Gusi
- Brucellosis Research Unit, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | | | - Sue Welburn
- Division of Pathway Medicine and Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ignacio Moriyón
- Instituto de Salud Tropical y Depto. Microbiología y Parasitología, Universidad de Navarra, Edificio de Investigación, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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16S rRNA and omp31 gene based molecular characterization of field strains of B. melitensis from aborted foetus of goats in India. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:160376. [PMID: 24453799 PMCID: PMC3881668 DOI: 10.1155/2013/160376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a reemerging infectious zoonotic disease of worldwide importance. In human, it is mainly caused by Brucella melitensis, a natural pathogen for goats. In India, a large number of goats are reared in semi-intensive to intensive system within the close vicinity of human being. At present, there is no vaccination and control strategy for caprine brucellosis in the country. Thus, to formulate an effective control strategy, the status of etiological agent is essential. To cope up with these, the present study was conducted to isolate and identify the prevalent Brucella species in caprine brucellosis in India. The 30 samples (fetal membrane, fetal stomach content and vaginal swabs) collected throughout India from the aborted fetus of goats revealed the isolation of 05 isolates all belonging to Brucella melitensis biovars 3. All the isolates produced amplification products of 1412 and 720 bp in polymerase chain reaction with genus and species specific 16S rRNA and omp31 gene based primers, respectively. Moreover, the amplification of omp31 gene in all the isolates confirmed the presence of immuno dominant outer membrane protein (31 kDa omp) in all the field isolates of B. melitensis in aborted foetus of goats in India. These findings can support the development of omp31 based specific serodiagnostic test as well as vaccine for the control of caprine brucellosis in India.
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