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Mosaoa RM, Yaghmoor SS, Moselhy SS. Oxygen scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and antiglycation activity of pomegranate flavonoids (Punica granum) against streptozotocin toxicity induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:16687-16693. [PMID: 36190633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23367-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive natural products are essential components for drug development. Protein glycation in diabetic subjects leads to diabetic complications as nephropathy and neuropathy. We investigated the impact of pomegranate hexane extract (PHE) as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiglycation in diabetic rats. Gas chromatography/mass spectrum (GC/MS) analysis of PHE revealed presence of resorcinol, catechol, tau-cadinol, metacetamol, scopoletin, phytol, and phenol, 3-pentadecyl as the most active ingredients that related to biological activity. Results obtained showed that, PHE increased serum aldose reductase and total antioxidant activity compared with untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.001). In addition, PHE exert antioxidant by enhancing, catalase and SOD (p < 0.001) and decreased MDA (p < 0.001), anti-inflammatory by inhibition production of 1 β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) (p < 0.001), and AGEs (p < 0.001) against nephropathy in diabetic rats compared with untreated group. It was concluded that, pomegranate is promising in development a functional biomolecule in treatment and protection against diabetic complications as nephropathy. More study required to investigate the molecular action of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami M Mosaoa
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Centre of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soonham S Yaghmoor
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Production of Bio-products for Industrial Applications Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Zerumbone suppresses high glucose and LPS-induced inflammation in THP-1-derived macrophages by inhibiting the NF-κB/TLR signaling pathway. Nutr Res 2022; 100:58-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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[Effects of the composite of buckwheat-oat-pea on blood glucose in diabetic rats]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [PMID: 34145843 PMCID: PMC8220035 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of buckwheat-oat-pea (BOP) composite flour [buckwheat ∶ oats ∶ peas=6 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 (quality ratio)] on blood glucose in diabetic rats. METHODS In this study, 64 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 8 groups by fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight: normal control group, model control group, metformin group, buckwheat group, oats group, BOP low-dose group (BOP-L), medium-dose group (BOP-M), and high-dose group (BOP-H). The rats in the normal control group were fed with normal diet, the rats in the model control group and metformin group were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD), and the rats in the buckwheat group, oats group, and BOP-L, BOP-M, BOP-H groups were fed with HFD containing 10% buckwheat flour, 10% oat flour, 3.3% BOP, 10% BOP, 30% BOP, respectively. The HFD in all the groups had the same percentage of energy from fat (45%). After 30 days, the rats fed with HFD received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg, once a week for two weeks) to establish diabetes mellitus. After the model was successful established, the rats were fed for another 28 days. During the study, the body weight, food intake/body weight (FI/BW) and water intake/body weight (WI/BW), food utilization rate, 24 h urine volume, FBG, glucose area under curve (GAUC) of oral glucose tolerance test were measured regularly. At the end of the study, the fasting serum glucose and insulin were measured, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. RESULTS With the inducing of HFD and streptozotocin, compared with the normal control group, the rats in the model control group had higher FI/BW, WI/BW, 24 h urine volume, FBG, GAUC, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05), and lower body weight, food utilization rate (P < 0.05). Compared with the model control group, the rats in the three BOP groups all had higher body weight, food utilization rate (P < 0.05), and lower WI/BW, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05); the rats in the BOP-L and BOP-M groups had lower FI/BW, 24 h urine volume, FBG (P < 0.05), and the rats in the BOP-M group also had lower GAUC (P < 0.05). After the establishment of diabetes, there was no significant difference in blood glucose and the other indicators between the rats in the three BOP groups and the buckwheat group or the oats group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The BOP had the effects of reducing blood glucose, insulin resistance and diabetic symptoms on diabetic rats, and had the value for further development and utilization.
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尹 雪, 张 晓, 文 婧, 刘 思, 刘 欣, 周 若, 王 军. [Effects of the composite of buckwheat-oat-pea on blood glucose in diabetic rats]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2021; 53:447-452. [PMID: 34145843 PMCID: PMC8220035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of buckwheat-oat-pea (BOP) composite flour [buckwheat ∶ oats ∶ peas=6 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 (quality ratio)] on blood glucose in diabetic rats. METHODS In this study, 64 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 8 groups by fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight: normal control group, model control group, metformin group, buckwheat group, oats group, BOP low-dose group (BOP-L), medium-dose group (BOP-M), and high-dose group (BOP-H). The rats in the normal control group were fed with normal diet, the rats in the model control group and metformin group were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD), and the rats in the buckwheat group, oats group, and BOP-L, BOP-M, BOP-H groups were fed with HFD containing 10% buckwheat flour, 10% oat flour, 3.3% BOP, 10% BOP, 30% BOP, respectively. The HFD in all the groups had the same percentage of energy from fat (45%). After 30 days, the rats fed with HFD received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg, once a week for two weeks) to establish diabetes mellitus. After the model was successful established, the rats were fed for another 28 days. During the study, the body weight, food intake/body weight (FI/BW) and water intake/body weight (WI/BW), food utilization rate, 24 h urine volume, FBG, glucose area under curve (GAUC) of oral glucose tolerance test were measured regularly. At the end of the study, the fasting serum glucose and insulin were measured, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. RESULTS With the inducing of HFD and streptozotocin, compared with the normal control group, the rats in the model control group had higher FI/BW, WI/BW, 24 h urine volume, FBG, GAUC, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05), and lower body weight, food utilization rate (P < 0.05). Compared with the model control group, the rats in the three BOP groups all had higher body weight, food utilization rate (P < 0.05), and lower WI/BW, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05); the rats in the BOP-L and BOP-M groups had lower FI/BW, 24 h urine volume, FBG (P < 0.05), and the rats in the BOP-M group also had lower GAUC (P < 0.05). After the establishment of diabetes, there was no significant difference in blood glucose and the other indicators between the rats in the three BOP groups and the buckwheat group or the oats group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The BOP had the effects of reducing blood glucose, insulin resistance and diabetic symptoms on diabetic rats, and had the value for further development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- 雪倩 尹
- />北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京 100191Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 晓玄 张
- />北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京 100191Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 婧 文
- />北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京 100191Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 思奇 刘
- />北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京 100191Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 欣然 刘
- />北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京 100191Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 若宇 周
- />北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京 100191Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 军波 王
- />北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京 100191Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
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Mohd Rosmi NSA, Shafie NH, Azlan A, Abdullah MA. Functional food mixtures: Inhibition of lipid peroxidation, HMGCoA reductase, and ACAT2 in hypercholesterolemia-induced rats. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:875-887. [PMID: 33598171 PMCID: PMC7866612 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixtures of selected functional foods (MSFF) were composed of nattokinase (fermented soybean), red yeast rice extract, Ginkgo biloba, oat fiber, garlic, bee pollen, and propolis as anti-hypercholesterolemic were studied. The goal of this study was to determine the bioactive compounds in these mixtures and their cholesterol-lowering potential effects (biochemical profiles, lipid peroxidation, liver tissue histopathology, and enzymatic activity analysis; HMGCoA reductase and ACAT2. The LC-MS/MS analysis showed that bioactive compounds such as Monacolin K, naringin, tocopherol, and glutamate, which have potential as anti-hypercholesterolemic agents, were present in these functional food mixtures. MSFF supplementation at 50 mg/kg 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg showed substantial reductions in serum lipid profiles (TC and LDL) (p < .05). The serum liver profiles of AST (115.33 ± 8.69 U/L) and ALT (61.00 ± 1.00 U/L) were significantly reduced (p < .05) with MSFF supplementation at 200 mg/kg. MDA lipid peroxidation has also decreased significantly (p < .05) in serum (3.69 ± 0.42 μmol/L) and liver (15.04 ± 0.97 μmol/mg) tissues and has been shown to protect against hepatic steatosis. The significant (p < .05) inhibition activity of HMGCoA reductase (163.82 ± 3.50 pg/ml) and ACAT2 (348.35 ± 18.85 pg/ml) was also attributed by the supplementation of MSFF at 200 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurul Husna Shafie
- Department of NutritionFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
- Laboratory of UPM‐MAKNA Cancer ResearchInstitute of BioscienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdangMalaysia
| | - Azrina Azlan
- Department of NutritionFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
| | - Maizaton Atmadini Abdullah
- Department of PathologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)SerdangMalaysia
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Dzubanovsky IY, Pidruchna SR, Melnyk NA, Andreychyn SM, Vervega BM, Nychyk NA. Dynamics of Cytokine Profile Indicators Changes in Animals with Acute Generalized Peritonitis on the Background of Diabetes Mellitus. J Med Life 2020; 13:404-409. [PMID: 33072216 PMCID: PMC7550147 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In acute peritonitis, any surgical intervention leads to impaired immune protection with the development of postoperative purulent-septic complications, which increases several times the likelihood of death, especially in people with secondary immunodeficiency as a consequence diabetes mellitus. We aimed to study the dynamics of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine content in rat serum under experimental acute generalized peritonitis on the background of diabetes mellitus. Fifty-six white rats were used for the study. The determination of the serum cytokine profile was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. When comparing the levels of interleukins between the study groups, a statistically significant increase in the level of proinflammatory cytokines was found in the group of diabetic animals during all experimental periods. In particular, the concentration of interleukin – 1β increased significantly by 94% on day 1 of observation, by 115% on day 3, and by 121% on day 7 compared to the control group. Similarly, a significant increase in TNF-α levels was observed in animals with diabetes. In this group, the most significant increase in the level of TNF-α was recorded on the seventh day of the experiment, and it increased by 3.4 times. Animals with acute peritonitis on the background of diabetes had a significantly increased concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the serum of all study groups, which confirms their involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihor Yakovych Dzubanovsky
- Department of Surgery of Postgraduate Faculty, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Теrnopil, Ukraine
| | | | - Natalia Anatoliivna Melnyk
- Department of General Hygiene and Ecology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Теrnopil, Ukraine
| | - Serhiy Mykhailovych Andreychyn
- Department of Internal Medicine Propaedeutics and Phthisiology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Теrnopil, Ukraine
| | | | - Natalia Anatoliina Nychyk
- Department of Infectious Diseases with Epidemiology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Теrnopil, Ukraine
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Cunha LF, Endres M, Ongaratto MA, Schiffner VK, Barschak AG. Effect of cassava flour on the lipidic and redox profile of Wistar rats with dyslipidemia. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13457. [PMID: 32875622 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease is high total cholesterol. It is known that some foods can reduce plasma cholesterol, such as oats. Cassava flour has a similar amount of fiber when compared to oats. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic potential of cassava flour. Thirty Wistar rats (eight weeks old) were divided into three groups: control, high-cholesterol diet, high-cholesterol diet + cassava flour, and were treated for 8 weeks. The weight and food consumption of the animals were evaluated weekly. After euthanasia, analyzes of biochemical and oxidative stress profiles were performed, besides the histological analysis of the liver. Cassava flour protected animals from lipoperoxidation, according to thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances results and improved superoxide dismutase activity and thiol content; however, failed to improve the lipid profile and catalase. Cassava flour was possibly able to slow the progression of NASH according to liver histology. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Lifestyle and nutritional habits have been considered important factors associated with the development of dyslipidemia and other chronic diseases. Medicines for chronic diseases are often expensive and have present side effects, and therefore, it is preferable to prevent them through food. Cassava flour is a food widely consumed by Brazilians, which is inexpensive and contains no gluten. Understanding more about one of the most used foods in Brazil is important for health professionals to be able to prescribe it for the correct purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Ferracini Cunha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brasil, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Endres
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brasil, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Mariana Aubim Ongaratto
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brasil, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Vitória Kunz Schiffner
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brasil, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Alethéa Gatto Barschak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Brasil, Porto Alegre, Brasil
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Yao J, Xu M, Liu Z. Rapamycin inhibits proliferation and apoptosis of retinoblastoma cells through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2950-2956. [PMID: 32218850 PMCID: PMC7068238 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of Rapamycin on the proliferation and apoptosis of retinoblastoma cells through the phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway were studied. The retinoblastoma Y79 cells were selected and divided into negative control group (NC group), 0.2 µM Rapamycin group and 0.4 µM Rapamycin group. Then the proliferative activity of Y79 cells was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay, the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells in each group was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the apoptosis of Y79 cells was detected via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Moreover, the changes in Y79 cell cycle and apoptosis were determined through flow cytometry, and apoptosis and PI3K/AKT pathway were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. It was found that the number of cells and the proliferative activity were significantly reduced in 0.2 µM Rapamycin group and 0.4 µM Rapamycin group. In 0.2 µM Rapamycin group and 0.4 µM Rapamycin group, the content of ROS and MDA was significantly decreased, while that of SOD was notably increased. TUNEL assay and flow cytometry showed that in 0.2 µM Rapamycin group and 0.4 µM Rapamycin group, the number of apoptotic cells was obviously increased, and the cell cycle was basically arrested in S phase. The expression levels of Bcl-2, PI3K and AKT declined in 0.2 µM Rapamycin group and 0.4 µM Rapamycin group, whereas the expression of Caspase 8 increased. Similar results were also obtained in the protein assay. The above results were significantly superior in 0.4 µM Rapamycin group to those in 0.2 µM Rapamycin group. Rapamycin inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of retinoblastoma cells through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Ziyao Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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El Rabey HA, Al-Seeni MN, Bakhashwain AS. The Antidiabetic Activity of Nigella sativa and Propolis on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in Male Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:5439645. [PMID: 28298934 PMCID: PMC5337387 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5439645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the ameliorative effect of Nigella sativa and propolis methanol extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats and treating diabetic nephropathy. Forty male Albino rats were divided into four groups; the first group was the negative control fed standard diet. The other 30 rats were injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes by a single intravenous injection and then divided equally into three groups; the second group was the positive diabetic control; the third and the fourth groups were treated orally with 20% w/w Nigella sativa seeds methanol extract and propolis methanol extract (20% w/w), respectively. The rats of the second group showed increased glucose levels and lipid peroxide accompanied with reduction in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activities compared with the negative control. Carboxymethyl lysine, interleukin-6, and immunoglobulins were also increased as a result of diabetes. Kidney function parameters were also elevated, while potassium and sodium levels were decreased. Moreover, tissues of kidney and pancreas showed severe histopathological changes. Treating the diabetic rats with Nigella sativa and propolis methanol extract in the third and fourth groups, respectively, ameliorated all altered biochemical and pathological examinations approaching the negative control. Propolis was more effective than Nigella sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haddad A. El Rabey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Monufia, Egypt
| | - Madeha N. Al-Seeni
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal S. Bakhashwain
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Lee YM, Han SI, Song BC, Yeum KJ. Bioactives in Commonly Consumed Cereal Grains: Implications for Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. J Med Food 2015; 18:1179-86. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Mi Lee
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Sang-Ik Han
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, Korea
| | - Byeng Chun Song
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Yeum
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
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Sai Varsha M, Raman T, Manikandan R, Dhanasekaran G. Hypoglycemic action of vitamin K1 protects against early-onset diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced rats. Nutrition 2015; 31:1284-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Effects of ROS-relative NF-κB signaling on high glucose-induced TLR4 and MCP-1 expression in podocyte injury. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:261-71. [PMID: 26364141 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
High glucose (HG) induced inflammation is central to progression in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Recent studies have suggested that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activation is associated with DN, and podocyte damage may be involved in orchestrating these effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NF-κB signaling on podocytes under HG conditions. The effects of HG and NF-κB signaling on podocytes were assessed by CCK-8 assay, cellular NF-κB translocation assay, measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Western blot analysis. We found that HG reduced cell viability, activated NF-κB signaling and up-regulated toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). In these cells, NF-κB inhibition with ammonium pyrrolidinethiocarbamate (PDTC) resulted in effectively constraining TLR4 and MCP-1 up-regulation, indicating that protective effects associated with the inhibition of NF-κB were linked to TLR4 and MCP-1 down-regulation in podocytes. Furthermore, HG significantly increased the production of intracellular ROS. Pretreatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) significantly inhibited intracellular ROS generation and increased cell viability, accompanied by a significant NF-κB inhibition and suppression of TLR4 and inflammatory cytokine MCP-1 expression. Collectively, our novel data suggest that HG induces the over-experssion of TLR-4 and MCP-1 through a NF-κB-dependent signaling. NF-κB-mediated increased inflammation is possibly via ROS and contributes to the cell injury. These results may provide potential therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy in the future.
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Gu J, Jing L, Ma X, Zhang Z, Guo Q, Li Y. GC-TOF-MS-based serum metabolomic investigations of naked oat bran supplementation in high-fat-diet-induced dyslipidemic rats. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1509-19. [PMID: 26388495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the metabolic response of oat bran consumption in dyslipidemic rats by a high-throughput metabolomics approach. Four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were used: N group (normal chow diet), M group (dyslipidemia induced by 4-week high-fat feeding, then normal chow diet), OL group and OH group (dyslipidemia induced, then normal chow diet supplemented with 10.8% or 43.4% naked oat bran). Intervention lasted for 12weeks. Gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify serum metabolite profiles. Results confirmed the effects of oat bran on improving lipidemic variables and showed distinct metabolomic profiles associated with diet intervention. A number of endogenous molecules were changed by high-fat diet and normalized following supplementation of naked oat bran. Elevated levels of serum unsaturated fatty acids including arachidonic acid (Log2Fold of change=0.70, P=.02 OH vs. M group), palmitoleic acid (Log2Fold of change=1.24, P=.02 OH vs. M group) and oleic acid (Log2Fold of change=0.66, P=.04 OH vs. M group) were detected after oat bran consumption. Furthermore, consumption of oat bran was also characterized by higher levels of methionine and S-adenosylmethionine. Pathway exploration found that most of the discriminant metabolites were involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids, microbial metabolism in diverse environments and biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. These results point to potential biomarkers and underlying benefit of naked oat bran in the context of diet-induced dyslipidemia and offer some insights into the mechanism exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lulu Jing
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Xiaotao Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Department of Nutrition, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Zhaofeng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Qianying Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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Ben Halima N, Ben Saad R, Khemakhem B, Fendri I, Abdelkafi S. Oat (Avena sativa L.): Oil and Nutriment Compounds Valorization for Potential Use in Industrial Applications. J Oleo Sci 2015; 64:915-32. [PMID: 26250424 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess15074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oat is a promising plant for the future. It is edible and beneficial thanks to its nutritional, medicinal and pharmaceutical uses and, hence, recognized to be useful for a healthier world. The assessment of the vital functions of oat components is important for industries requiring correct health labelling, valid during the shelf life of any product. Oil, enzymes and other biomolecules of nutraceutic or dietary usage from oats would be valorized for this purpose. Although oats have a unique and versatile composition including antioxidants and biomolecules indispensable for health, they are undervalued in comparison with other staple cereals such as wheat, barley and rice. Furthermore, oats, apart from maize, comprise a high oil content used for a wide range of beneficial purposes. In addition, they contain beta glucan that has proven to be very helpful in reducing blood cholesterol levels and other cardiovascular diseases risks. In fact, there is diversity in the composition and content of the beneficial oat components within their genotypes and the different environmental conditions and, thus, oats are amenable to be enhanced by agronomic practices and genetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihed Ben Halima
- Biological Engineering Department, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax
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15
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Epigenetic modifications and potential new treatment targets in diabetic retinopathy. J Ophthalmol 2014; 2014:789120. [PMID: 25165577 PMCID: PMC4137538 DOI: 10.1155/2014/789120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy is a debilitating vascular complication of diabetes. As with other diabetic complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by the metabolic memory, which has been observed both in DR patients and in DR animal models. Evidences have provided that after a period of poor glucose control insulin or diabetes drug treatment fails to prevent the development and progression of DR even when good glycemic control is reinstituted (glucose normalization), suggesting a metabolic memory phenomenon. Recent studies also underline the role of epigenetic chromatin modifications as mediators of the metabolic memory. Indeed, epigenetic changes may lead to stable modification of gene expression, participating in DR pathogenesis. Moreover, increasing evidences suggest that environmental factors such as chronic hyperglycemia are implicated DR progression and may also affect the epigenetic state. Here we review recent findings demonstrating the key role of epigenetics in the progression of DR. Further elucidation of epigenetic mechanisms, acting both at the cis- and trans-chromatin structural elements, will yield new insights into the pathogenesis of DR and will open the way for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets to prevent DR progression.
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Al-Malki AL, Sayed AAR. Thymoquinone attenuates cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity via nuclear factor kappa-β. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:282. [PMID: 25088145 PMCID: PMC4129109 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Cisplatin (CP) is known as a potent anti-cancer drug. The most therapeutic adverse effect of CP is induced hepatotoxicity. In the present study, the protective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on CP-induced hepatotoxicity was studied. Methods Wistar rats were divided into three groups (15 rats each). Group 1 served as the control group. Group 2 rats were injected ip with a single dose of CP (12 mg/kg b.w, i.p.). Group 3 rats were orally pre-treated with TQ (500 mg. kg−1. day−1) for one month, then the animals were injected i.p with CP 12 mg.kg−1. Results The beneficial effects of TQ with its antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects were observed. Injection of rats with CP markedly affected the liver functions and histopathological changes. The antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were significantly decreased while the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased. The electromobility shift assay (EMSA) showed a significant activation of NF-κB-p65 in the rat liver injected with CP. Furthermore, the expression and concentrations of inflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS), and interleukin (IL-1β) were markedly elevated in the CP injected rats. The administration of TQ improved all the altered functions, histopathology of the liver and attenuated the activated NF-κB. The antioxidant enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione –S transferase) of the rat livers were markedly increased while MDA was reduced as a result of TQ administration. In addition, the expression of TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-1β were markedly reduced. Conclusion It was concluded that, TQ has potential benefits in the prevention of the onset and progression of CP induced hepatotoxicity.
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Szabadfi K, Pinter E, Reglodi D, Gabriel R. Neuropeptides, trophic factors, and other substances providing morphofunctional and metabolic protection in experimental models of diabetic retinopathy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 311:1-121. [PMID: 24952915 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800179-0.00001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vision is the most important sensory modality for many species, including humans. Damage to the retina results in vision loss or even blindness. One of the most serious complications of diabetes, a disease that has seen a worldwide increase in prevalence, is diabetic retinopathy. This condition stems from consequences of pathological metabolism and develops in 75% of patients with type 1 and 50% with type 2 diabetes. The development of novel protective drugs is essential. In this review we provide a description of the disease and conclude that type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes lead to the same retinopathy. We evaluate existing experimental models and recent developments in finding effective compounds against this disorder. In our opinion, the best models are the long-term streptozotocin-induced diabetes and Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty and spontaneously diabetic Torii rats, while the most promising substances are topically administered somatostatin and pigment epithelium-derived factor analogs, antivasculogenic substances, and systemic antioxidants. Future drug development should focus on these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Szabadfi
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary; Janos Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
| | - Erika Pinter
- Janos Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Dora Reglodi
- Department of Anatomy, PTE MTA Lendulet-PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Robert Gabriel
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary; Janos Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
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Oat Protects against Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats via Attenuating Advanced Glycation End Products and Nuclear Factor Kappa B. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:609745. [PMID: 24223616 PMCID: PMC3810450 DOI: 10.1155/2013/609745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Oat, a rich source of soluble fiber, was considered to have a possible preventive effect on the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The present study aimed to assess this preventive activity in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Adult Wister rats were injected by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg). Animals were fed with normal diet or with a diet containing 20% oat (W/W) for 21 weeks. At the end of 21 weeks, all the kidney tissues were collected for various examinations.
Our results suggested that oat could decrease the Scr and glucose level in blood of diabetic rats significantly (P < 0.05), and increase the creatinine clearance (P < 0.01). In histopathological examination, oat-fed rats showed a significant decrease in glomerulus segmented sclerosis and incidence of tubule vacuolar degeneration. By ELISA, we reported that oat feeding resulted in decreasing the levels of IL-6 and AGE in serum and kidney homogenate. In addition, the levels of oxidative stress markers were markedly improved as a result of oat feeding. Furthermore, using EMSA, we showed that oat attenuated the activation of NF-κB. Using RT-PCR, we found that oat could downregulate the TGF-β1 and RAGE expression at mRNA levels. This study suggests that oat can suppress diabetic nephropathy in rats effectively and may slow down the renal fibrosis by the disruption of the detrimental AGE-RAGE-NFκB axis.
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Proanthocyanidin Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and NF- κ B Protects Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice against Diabetic Nephropathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:769409. [PMID: 24023581 PMCID: PMC3759251 DOI: 10.1155/2013/769409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia result in oxidative stress and play a major role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We explored the effects of proanthocyanidin (PA) on the induction and progression of DN in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Diabetes Mellitus was induced in ten-week-old male apoE−/−mice using streptozotocin (STZ). Mice were fed with a high-fat diet in presence or absence of PA. PA treatment significantly reduced the high cholesterol levels, restored renal functions, and reduced albuminuria in the PA-treated diabetic mice compared with the diabetic untreated mice. In addition, the glomerular mesangial expansion in the diabetic mice was attenuated as a result of PA supplementation. Moreover, PA treatment restored the elevated levels of MDA and CML and the reduced activity of SOD and GSH in the diabetic mice. Furthermore, PA feeding reduced the activation and translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus compared with the diabetic untreated animals. Reduction of NF-κB activation resulted in the attenuation of the expression of IL-6, TGFβ, and RAGE which protected PA-treated mice against DN. The renoprotective effects of PA were found to be time independent regardless of whether the dietary feeding with PA was started pre-, co-, or post-STZ injection. In conclusion, part of the beneficial effects of PA includes the disruption of the detrimental AGE-RAGE-NFκB pathways.
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Bees' honey attenuation of metanil-yellow-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:614580. [PMID: 23818929 PMCID: PMC3684022 DOI: 10.1155/2013/614580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of bees' honey against metanil-yellow-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Rats were divided into 7 groups: control group; three groups treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg metanil yellow, and three groups treated with metanil yellow plus 2.5 mg · kg(-1) · day(-1) bees' honey for 8 weeks. The obtained data showed that the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activity of bees' honey reduced the oxidative stress in the liver tissue and downregulated the inflammatory markers. In addition, the elevated levels of AGE and the activated NF- κ B in the metanil-yellow-treated animals were significantly attenuated. Moreover, the levels of TNF- α and IL-1 β were significantly attenuated as a result of bees' honey administration. Furthermore, the histopathological examination of the liver showed that bees' honey reduced fatty degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and necrosis in metanil-yellow-treated rats. In conclusion, the obtained data suggest that bees' honey has hepatoprotective effect on acute liver injuries induced by metanil-yellow in vivo, and the results suggested that the effect of bees' honey against metanil yellow-induced liver damage is related to its antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties which attenuate the activation of NF- κ B and its controlled genes like TNF- α and IL-1 β .
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