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Singh HM, Tyagi VV, Kothari R, Azam R, Khare P, Sari A. Novel approach for harvesting of microalgal biomass using electric geyser waste material deposit as flocculant in coupling with poultry excreta leachate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125646. [PMID: 34418844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the flocculation efficiency of algal biomass (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) in coupling with waste materials i.e. poultry excreta leachate by using other waste material which was obtained from deposition of scaling in electric geyser. Utilization of electric geyser waste material deposit (EGWMD) for flocculation is a novel approach because of various elements which are replica of chemical flocculants responsible for flocculation mechanism in culture medium. Flocculation process was optimized by response surface methodology and 98.21% flocculation efficiency was achieved with designed process parameters as temperature 32.5 °C, flocculant dose 275 mgL-1, pH 5 and time 30 min. The reusability of spent medium was also analyzed at 70.2% and 32.5% flocculation efficiency with two successive steps. The cellular morphology of pre-harvested and post-harvested Chlorella pyrenoidosa was also observed. EGWMD is abundant and freely available that has no application till now and can alternate of chemical flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Har Mohan Singh
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, 182320, India
| | - V V Tyagi
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, 182320, India
| | - Richa Kothari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Rahya Suchani, (Bagla) Samba, J&K, 181143, India.
| | - Rifat Azam
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P., 226025, India
| | - Puja Khare
- Crop Production and Protection Division, CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Ahmet Sari
- Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Centers of Research Excellence, Renewable Energy Research Institute, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou Z, Li Q, Song K, Wang R, Wen S, Zhang D, Cong W. Exploration of applying growth-promotion bacteria of Chlorella sorokiniana to open cultivation systems. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1567-1576. [PMID: 33656614 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, artificial construction of bacteria-algae consortia to enhance microalgal biomass is prevalent in enclosed systems, while few are built in an open culture. In this study, Achromobacter sp. and Rhizobium sp., isolated from an open pond of Chlorella sorokiniana, were the microalgal growth-promotion bacteria and selected to build the bacteria-algae consortia with axenic C. sorokiniana in open cultivation systems. To examine the performance of these two artificial bacteria-algae consortia in open culture under stable cultivation conditions, the co-cultivation experiments were conducted under constant temperature and light intensity indoors. It was found that Achromobacter sp. gradually lost the dominance of the population in the co-culture and failed to promote the growth of C. sorokiniana during open cultivation. However, the Rhizobium sp. maintained its dominant population of bacterial community in open culture and could promote the growth of C. sorokiniana, with an enhancement of 13.76%. To further evaluate the effects of Rhizobium sp. on microalgae under variations of temperature and sunlight intensity conditions, the open co-cultivation experiments were built outdoors. Results showed that the growth of C. sorokiniana could rise 13.29% only when Rhizobium sp. was added to the culture continuously, and addition of bacterial solution in log-phase of microalgae could help Rhizobium sp. dominate in the bacterial community. In this way, addition of Rhizobium sp. in the log-phase of C. sorokiniana should be an effective process to be applied to open ponds cultivation. Our findings are a step toward applying growth-promotion bacteria for C. sorokiniana for applications in open cultivation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Qijun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Kejing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shumei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.
| | - Wei Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
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Palanisamy CP, Cui B, Zhang H, Jayaraman S, Kodiveri Muthukaliannan G. A Comprehensive Review on Corn Starch-Based Nanomaterials: Properties, Simulations, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092161. [PMID: 32971849 PMCID: PMC7570270 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the major food crops, and it is considered to be a very distinctive plant, since it is able to produce a large amount of the natural polymer of starch through its capacity to utilize large amounts of sunlight. Corn starch is used in a wide range of products and applications. In recent years, the use of nanotechnology for applications in the food industry has become more apparent; it has been used for protecting against biological and chemical deterioration, increasing bioavailability, and enhancing physical properties, among other functions. However, the high cost of nanotechnology can make it difficult for its application on a commercial scale. As a biodegradable natural polymer, corn starch is a great alternative for the production of nanomaterials. Therefore, the search for alternative materials to be used in nanotechnology has been studied. This review has discussed in detail the properties, simulations, and wide range of applications of corn starch-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Perumal Palanisamy
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250353, China; (C.P.P.); (H.Z.)
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250353, China; (C.P.P.); (H.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-186-60811718
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250353, China; (C.P.P.); (H.Z.)
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India;
| | - Gothandam Kodiveri Muthukaliannan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India;
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Bracharz F, Helmdach D, Aschenbrenner I, Funck N, Wibberg D, Winkler A, Bohnen F, Kalinowski J, Mehlmer N, Brück TB. Harvest of the Oleaginous Microalgae Scenedesmus obtusiusculus by Flocculation From Culture Based on Natural Water Sources. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:200. [PMID: 30619847 PMCID: PMC6305336 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Harvest and dewatering poses a significant economical burden for industrial algae biomass production. To mitigate these effects, energy efficient techniques for these process steps have to be developed. Flocculation of the microalgae Scenedesmus obtusiusculus in salt based medium was induced by pH-shift and alternatively by addition of two biological flocculants, chitosan, and the commercial tannin CFL-PT. This is the first time that CFL-PT is used as an algae flocculant particularly focusing on harvesting of halophilic strains. The method was characterized and subsequently optimized. In comparison to biological flocculants, induction by pH shift is far cheaper, but due to buffering effects of the brackish cultivation medium infeasible amounts of base are required to raise the pH-value. tannin appears to be superior compared to chitosan not only in the absence of algae organic matter (AOM), but tannin-based harvest is also more robust regarding culture pH in presence of AOM. A higher flocculant-demand for modified tannin compared to chitosan is offset by the lower price. Given the employed strain and cultivation conditions, cultivation time had no pronounced effect on flocculation efficiencies (FE) while algae zeta-potential and bacterial communities also remained stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bracharz
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Helmdach
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel Aschenbrenner
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Funck
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Wibberg
- Center for Biotechnology-CeBiTec, University Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anika Winkler
- Center for Biotechnology-CeBiTec, University Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Jörn Kalinowski
- Center for Biotechnology-CeBiTec, University Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Mehlmer
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas B Brück
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
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An evidence of C16 fatty acid methyl esters extracted from microalga for effective antimicrobial and antioxidant property. Microb Pathog 2018; 115:233-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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An alternative method for production of microalgal biodiesel using novel Bacillus lipase. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:715-725. [PMID: 28324526 PMCID: PMC4569617 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-014-0271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, enzymatic interesterification is carried out using encapsulated lipase as biocatalyst with methyl acetate as acyl acceptor in a solvent-free system. Lipase, isolated from a marine bacterial isolate, Bacillus sp.S23 (KF220659.1) was immobilized in sodium alginate beads. This investigation elaborated on the effects of various parameters, namely enzyme loading, temperature, water, molar ratio, reaction time and agitation for interesterification. The study resulted in the following optimal conditions: 1.5 g immobilized lipase, 1:12 molar ratio of oil to methyl acetate, 35 °C, 8 % water, 60 h reaction time, 250 rpm of agitation. With the standardized condition, the maximum conversion efficiency was 95.68 %. The immobilized beads, even after ten cycles of repeated usage showed high stability in the presence of methyl acetate and no loss of lipase activity. The microalgal biodiesel composition was analyzed using gas chromatography. The current study was efficient in using immobilized lipase for the interesterification process, since the method was cost-effective and eco-friendly, no solvent was involved and the enzyme was encapsulated in a natural polymer.
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