1
|
Arshad U, Shafiq N, Parveen S, Rashid M. Discovery of novel dihydro-pyrimidine hybrids: insight into the design, synthesis, biological evaluation and absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion studies. Future Med Chem 2024:1-21. [PMID: 39263831 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2389767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: By keeping in aspects, the pharmacological potential of heterocyclic compounds, pyrimidine-based compounds were designed, synthesized and evaluated for α-amylase inhibitory potential.Materials & methods: Five new series 1a-l, 2a-d, 3a-d, 4a-d and 5a-d of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroprimidine-5-carboxylate derivatives were designed by de novo method by taking Alogliptin as reference compound. Here in we describe synthesis and characterization of compounds as potential α-amylase inhibitor.Results: Structure activity relationship (SAR), in vitro analysis and molecular modelling approaches generate compounds 1 h, 1i, 1k and 4c as potential lead with good α-amylase inhibitory selection. However, compound 1k failed the criteria of optimization as drug lead by ADME studies while all other compounds showed optimum range for all in silico ADME parameters.Conclusion: Therefore, these compounds can serve as potential lead candidate in developing anti-diabetic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Arshad
- Synthetic & Natural Products Discovery (SNPD) Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Shafiq
- Synthetic & Natural Products Discovery (SNPD) Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Parveen
- Synthetic & Natural Products Discovery (SNPD) Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Rashid
- Synthetic & Natural Products Discovery (SNPD) Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Skičková Š, Kratou M, Svobodová K, Maitre A, Abuin-Denis L, Wu-Chuang A, Obregón D, Said MB, Majláthová V, Krejčí A, Cabezas-Cruz A. Functional redundancy and niche specialization in honeybee and Varroa microbiomes. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00582-y. [PMID: 39172274 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00582-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The honeybee (Apis mellifera) is a key pollinator critical to global agriculture, facing threats from various stressors, including the ectoparasitic Varroa mite (Varroa destructor). Previous studies have identified shared bacteria between Varroa mites and honeybees, yet it remains unclear if these bacteria assemble similarly in both species. This study builds on existing knowledge by investigating co-occurrence patterns in the microbiomes of both Varroa mites and honeybees, shedding light on potential interactions. Leveraging 16S rRNA datasets, we conducted co-occurrence network analyses, explored Core Association Networks (CAN) and assess network robustness. Comparative network analyses revealed structural differences between honeybee and mite microbiomes, along with shared core features and microbial motifs. The mite network exhibited lower robustness, suggesting less resistance to taxa extension compared to honeybees. Furthermore, analyses of predicted functional profiling and taxa contribution revealed that common central pathways in the metabolic networks have different taxa contributing to Varroa mites and honeybee microbiomes. The results show that while both microbial systems exhibit functional redundancy, in which different taxa contribute to the functional stability and resilience of the ecosystem, there is evidence for niche specialization resulting in unique contributions to specific pathways in each part of this host-parasite system. The specificity of taxa contribution to key pathways offers targeted approaches to Varroa microbiome management and preserving honeybee microbiome. Our findings provide valuable insights into microbial interactions, aiding farmers and beekeepers in maintaining healthy and resilient bee colonies amid increasing Varroa mite infestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Štefánia Skičková
- Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Animal Physiology, Košice, 04181, Slovakia.
| | - Myriam Kratou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Karolína Svobodová
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Apolline Maitre
- ANSES, INRAE, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
- INRAE, UR 0045 Laboratoire de Recherches Sur Le Développement de L'Elevage (SELMET-LRDE), 20250, Corte, France
- EA 7310, Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse, 20250, Corte, France
| | - Lianet Abuin-Denis
- ANSES, INRAE, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
- Animal Biotechnology Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Avenue 31 Between 158 and 190, P.O. Box 6162, 10600, Havana, Cuba
| | - Alejandra Wu-Chuang
- ANSES, INRAE, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Dasiel Obregón
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Mourad Ben Said
- Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Viktória Majláthová
- Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Animal Physiology, Košice, 04181, Slovakia
| | - Alena Krejčí
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology, České Budějovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- ANSES, INRAE, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sarfraz M, Ayyaz M, Rauf A, Yaqoob A, Tooba, Arif Ali M, Siddique SA, Qureshi AM, Sarfraz MH, Aljowaie RM, Almutairi SM, Arshad M. New Pyrimidinone Bearing Aminomethylenes and Schiff Bases as Potent Antioxidant, Antibacterial, SARS-CoV-2, and COVID-19 Main Protease M Pro Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Bioactivities, and Computational Studies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25730-25747. [PMID: 38911743 PMCID: PMC11191110 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
New 2-thioxopyrimidinone derivatives (A1-A10) were synthesized in 87-96% yields via a simple three-component condensation reaction. These compounds were screened extensively through in vitro assays for antioxidant and antibacterial investigations. The DPPH assays resulted in the excellent potency of A6-A10 as antioxidants with IC50 values of 0.83 ± 0.125, 0.90 ± 0.77, 0.36 ± 0.063, 1.4 ± 0.07, and 1.18 ± 0.06 mg/mL, which were much better than 1.79 ± 0.045 mg/mL for the reference ascorbic acid. These compounds exhibited better antibacterial potency against Klebsiella with IC50 values of 2 ± 7, 1.32 ± 8.9, 1.19 ± 11, 1.1 ± 12, and 1.16 ± 11 mg/mL for A6-A10. High-throughput screenings (HTS) of these motifs were carried out including investigation of drug-like behaviors, physiochemical property evaluation, and structure-related studies involving DFT and metabolic transformation trends. The radical scavenging ability of the synthesized motifs was validated through molecular docking studies through ligand-protein binding against human inducible nitric oxide synthase (HINOS) PDB ID: 4NOS, and the results were promising. Furthermore, the antiviral capability of the compounds was examined by in silico studies using two viral proteins PDB ID: 6Y84 and PDB ID: 6LU7. Binding poses of ligands were discussed, and amino acids in the protein binding pockets were investigated, where the tested compounds showed much better binding affinities than the standard inhibitors, proving to be suitable leads for antiviral drug discovery. The stabilities of the molecular docked complexes in real systems were validated by molecular dynamics simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sarfraz
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayyaz
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rauf
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Asma Yaqoob
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics. Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Tooba
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics. Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arif Ali
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Sabir Ali Siddique
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Ashfaq Mahmood Qureshi
- Department
of Chemistry, Government Sadiq College Women
University, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hassan Sarfraz
- Nuffield
Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences,
Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 7LD, United
Kingdom
| | - Reem M. Aljowaie
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P O 2455 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeedah Musaed Almutairi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P O 2455 Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Navuluri C, Su HY, Sullivan RJ, Lee T, Jones BP, Gorin B, McWilliams JC, Nelson JD, Alberico D, Desrosiers JN. General and Scalable Synthesis of 2-Aryl and 2-Alkyl Pyrimidines via an Electronically Tuned S NAr Approach. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38787438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
An efficient SNAr approach for generating a wide array of 2-aryl and 2-alkyl pyrimidines in good to high yields was developed. This methodology does not require precious metal catalysts and is compatible with aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl magnesium halides as nucleophiles. This process is scalable and performed at room temperature well below the temperature of the competing decomposition of the activated 2-tert-butyl sulfonyl pyrimidine electrophile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsin Y Su
- Eurofins CDMO Alphora Inc., 2070 Hadwen Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5K 2C9, Canada
| | - Ryan J Sullivan
- Eurofins CDMO Alphora Inc., 2070 Hadwen Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5K 2C9, Canada
| | - Taegyo Lee
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Brian P Jones
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Boris Gorin
- Eurofins CDMO Alphora Inc., 2070 Hadwen Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5K 2C9, Canada
| | - J Christopher McWilliams
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jade D Nelson
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Dino Alberico
- Eurofins CDMO Alphora Inc., 2070 Hadwen Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5K 2C9, Canada
| | - Jean-Nicolas Desrosiers
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Antoniou IM, Ioannou N, Panagiotou N, Georgiades SN. LED-induced Ru-photoredox Pd-catalyzed C-H arylation of (6-phenylpyridin-2-yl)pyrimidines and heteroaryl counterparts. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12179-12191. [PMID: 38628490 PMCID: PMC11019410 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02173h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
N-heterocycles are essential building blocks and scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. A Pd-catalyzed, Ru-photoredox-mediated C-H arylation is applied herein, for converting a series of functionality-inclusive (6-phenylpyridin-2-yl)pyrimidines to single arylated derivatives, using phenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate as aryl source. This green chemistry-compliant transformation is induced by LED light. The drug-like modular substrates are constructed via combination of Biginelli multi-component condensation and Suzuki C-C cross-coupling, in order to strategically install, adjacent to the Ph-ring intended to undergo C-H arylation, a (6-pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine that plays the role of a chelating directing moiety for the C-H arylation catalyst. The scope has been demonstrated on a series of 26 substrates, comprising diverse Ph-ring substituents and substitution patterns, as well as with 13 different aryl donors. Substrates in which the Ph-ring (arylation acceptor) was replaced by an electron-rich heteroaryl counterpart (2-/3-thiophene or -benzofuran) have also been examined and found to undergo arylation regioselectively. End-product conformations afford interesting motifs for occupying 3D chemical space, as implied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which has allowed the elucidation of six structures of aryl derivatives and one of an unprecedented pyrimidine-pyridine-benzofuran carbopalladated complex, believed to be a C-H activation derivative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioakeim M Antoniou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, Aglandjia 2109 Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Natalia Ioannou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, Aglandjia 2109 Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Nikos Panagiotou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, Aglandjia 2109 Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Savvas N Georgiades
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, Aglandjia 2109 Nicosia Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar P, Bhalla A. Reaction Pattern and Mechanistic Aspects of Iodine and Iodine-Based Reagents in Selenylation of Aliphatic, Aromatic, and (Hetero)Cyclic Systems. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:12. [PMID: 38589598 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Organoselenium compounds have been the subject of extensive research since the discovery of the biologically active compound ebselen. Ebselen has recently been found to show activity against the main protease of the virus responsible for COVID-19. Other organoselenium compounds are also well-known for their diverse biological activities, with such compounds exhibiting interesting physical properties relevant to the fields of electronics, materials, and polymer chemistry. In addition, the incorporation of selenium into various organic molecules has garnered significant attention due to the potential of selenium to enhance the biological activity of these molecules, particularly in conjunction with bioactive heterocycles. Iodine and iodine-based reagents play a prominent role in the synthesis of organoselenium compounds, being valued for their cost-effectiveness, non-toxicity, and ease of handling. These reagents efficiently selenylate a broad range of organic substrates, encompassing alkenes, alkynes, and cyclic, aromatic, and heterocyclic molecules. They serve as catalysts, additives, inducers, and oxidizing agents, facilitating the introduction of different functional groups at alternate positions in the molecules, thereby allowing for regioselective and stereoselective approaches. Specific iodine reagents and their combinations can be tailored to follow the desired reaction pathways. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the progress in the selenylation of organic molecules using iodine reagents over the past decade, with a focus on reaction patterns, solvent effects, heating, microwave, and ultrasonic conditions. Detailed discussions on mechanistic aspects, such as electrophilic, nucleophilic, radical, electrochemical, and ring expansion reactions via selenylation, multiselenylation, and difunctionalization, are included. The review also highlights the formation of various cyclic, heterocyclic, and heteroarenes resulting from the in situ generation of selenium intermediates, encompassing cyclic ketones, cyclic ethers, cyclic lactones, selenophenes, chromones, pyrazolines, pyrrolidines, piperidines, indolines, oxazolines, isooxazolines, lactones, dihydrofurans, and isoxazolidines. To enhance the reader's interest, the review is structured into different sections covering the selenylation of aliphatic sp2/sp carbon and cyclic sp2 carbon, and then is further subdivided into various heterocyclic molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, UT, 160014, India
| | - Aman Bhalla
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, UT, 160014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Umadevan I, Rajasekaran R, Anto Bennet M, Rajmohan V, Vetrivelan V, Sankar K, Raja M. Synthesis, spectroscopic, chemical reactivity, topology analysis and molecular docking study of ethyl 5-hydroxy-2-thioxo-4-(p-tolyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)hexahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24588. [PMID: 38322968 PMCID: PMC10844023 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The organofluorine hexahydropyrimidine derivatives are used in the drug discovery due to its steric nature to hydrogen and its extreme electronegativity. The Ethyl 5-hydroxy-2-thioxo-4-(p-tolyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)hexahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (ETP5C) compound was synthesized and characterized by NMR (13C and 1H), FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques for experimentally and theoretically and elemental analyses, mass spectra also investigated. The most stable structure of synthesized molecule was studied by PES analysis in gas and liquid medium. The structural parameters such as bond length and bond angle of the title molecule have been obtained by DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G (d,p) set and compared with the structurally related experimental data of the compounds. The π-to-π* transition of the ETP5C molecule is identified using UV-Vis absorption spectral analysis. In addition, the chemical stability and reactivity are investigated using HOMO-LUMO analysis. The minimal HOMO-LUMO energy gap (4.6255 eV) clearly explains that the ETP5C molecule is more reactive for receptors. The nucleophilic and electrophilic regions such as active sites have been shown by MEP, ELF, LOL and Fukui functions. The second order optical effect has been explained by NLO analysis. The docking was performed with antineoplastic proteins that exhibit against the development of tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. Umadevan
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R. Rajasekaran
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
- Department of Physics, Thiru Kolanjiappar Govt. Arts College, Virdhachalam, 606001, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M. Anto Bennet
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600062, Tamilnadu, India
| | - V. Rajmohan
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering(SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - V. Vetrivelan
- Department of Physics, Government College of Engineering, Srirangam, Tiruchirappalli 620012, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K. Sankar
- Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M. Raja
- Department of Physics, Govt. Thirumagal Mills College, Gudiyattam, 632602, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al Neyadi S, Adem A, Amir N, Ghattas MA, Abdou IM, Salem AA. Novel Thiazolidinedione and Rhodanine Derivatives Regulate Glucose Metabolism, Improve Insulin Sensitivity, and Activate the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated γ Receptor. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:5463-5484. [PMID: 38343951 PMCID: PMC10851269 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Sixteen novel thiazolidinedione (TZD) and rhodanine (RD) derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing a pyrimidine moiety at different sites of pioglitazone's structure. The effects of synthesized compounds on regulating glucose metabolism, improving insulin sensitivity, and activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated γ receptor (PPAR-γ) were evaluated in βTC6 cells. Compounds TZDs # 7a, 7b, 7c, and 29 reduced the basal insulin secretion by ∼20.0-67.0% and increased insulin secretion stimulated by glucose by ∼25.0-50.0% compared to control. Compounds TZDs # 14 and 21 and RDs # 33a-b and 33d-f increased basal insulin secretion by ∼20.0-100.0%, while its glucose-stimulated secretion remained unchanged. These findings suggested that the former compounds can act as antihypoglycemic during fasting and antihyperglycemic during postprandial conditions. The latter compounds should be administered before meals to avoid their hypoglycemic effect. Additionally, both TZDs and RDs improved insulin sensitivity by increasing glucose uptake by 17.0-155.0% relative to control. In silico molecular docking of synthesized drugs onto the PPAR-γ structure revealed exothermic binding modes through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and π-π stacking with binding affinities of -6.02 to -9.70 kcal/mol. Insights into the structure-activity relationship revealed that the introduction of pyrimidine linked to sulfonyl or peptide groups accounted for increased antidiabetic activity. These results demonstrated novel TZDs and RDs with high potency in stimulating insulin secretion, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and activating PPAR-γ relative to pioglitazone. They are recommended for further development as potential antidiabetic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaikha
S. Al Neyadi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, United
Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab
Emirates
| | - Abdu Adem
- Department
of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naheed Amir
- Department
of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad A. Ghattas
- College
of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim M. Abdou
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, United
Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab
Emirates
| | - Alaa A. Salem
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, United
Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab
Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alzahrani AYA, Shehab WS, Amer AH, Assy MG, Mouneir SM, Aziz MA, Abdel Hamid AM. Design, synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and in silico studies of the activity of novel spiro pyrrolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine derivatives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:995-1008. [PMID: 38174254 PMCID: PMC10759174 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07078f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, spiro compounds are shown to have distinctive characteristics because of their interesting conformations and their structural impacts on biological systems. A new family of functionalized spiro pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines is prepared via the one-pot condensation reaction of amino cyclohexane derivatives with benzaldehyde to prepare fused azaspiroundecanedione and azaspirodecenone/thione derivatives. A series of synthesized spiro compounds were scanned against DPPH and evaluated for their ability to inhibit COX-1 and COX-2. All compounds exhibit significant antiinflammatory activity, and they inhibited both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes with a selectivity index higher than celecoxib as a reference drug. The most powerful and selective COX-2 inhibitor compounds were 11 and 6, with selectivity indices of 175 and 129.21 in comparison to 31.52 of the standard celecoxib. However, candidate 14 showed a very promising antiinflammatory activity with an IC50 of 6.00, while celecoxib had an IC50 of 14.50. Our findings are promising in the area of medicinal chemistry for further optimization of the newly designed and synthesized compounds regarding the discussed structure-activity relationship study (SAR), in order to obtain a superior antioxidant lead compound in the near future. All chemical structures of the novel synthesized candidates were unequivocally elucidated and confirmed utilizing spectroscopic and elemental investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Y A Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University Mohail Assir Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam S Shehab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Asmaa H Amer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Mohamed G Assy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Samar M Mouneir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University Cairo 12211 Egypt
| | - Maged A Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Atef M Abdel Hamid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aziz M, Sarfraz M, Khurrum Ibrahim M, Ejaz SA, Zehra T, Ogaly HA, Arafat M, Al-Zahrani FAM, Li C. Evaluation of anticancer potential of tetracene-5,12-dione (A01) and pyrimidine-2,4-dione (A02) via caspase 3 and lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity investigations. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292455. [PMID: 38127898 PMCID: PMC10734984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stands as a significant global cause of mortality, predominantly arising from the dysregulation of key enzymes and DNA. One strategic avenue in developing new anticancer agents involves targeting specific proteins within the cancer pathway. Amidst ongoing efforts to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs, a range of crucial medications currently interact with DNA at the molecular level, exerting profound biological effects. Our study is driven by the objective to comprehensively explore the potential of two compounds: (7S,9S)-7-[(2R,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7H-tetracene-5,12-dione (A01) and 5-fluoro-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (A02). These compounds have demonstrated marked efficacy against breast and cervical cancer cell lines, positioning them as promising anticancer candidates. In our investigation, A01 has emerged as a particularly potent candidate, with its potential bolstered by corroborative evidence from lactate dehydrogenase release and caspase-3 activity assays. On the other hand, A02 has exhibited remarkable anticancer potential. To further elucidate their molecular mechanisms and interactions, we employed computational techniques, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Notably, our computational analyses suggest that the A01-DNA complex predominantly interacts via the minor groove, imparting significant insights into its mechanism of action. While earlier studies have also highlighted the anticancer activity of A01, our research contributes by providing a deeper understanding of its binding mechanisms through computational investigations. This knowledge holds potential for designing more effective drugs that target cancer-associated proteins. These findings lay a robust groundwork for future inquiries and propose that derivatives of A01 could be synthesized as potent bioactive agents for cancer treatment. By elucidating the distinctive aspects of our study's outcomes, we address the concern of distinguishing our findings from those of prior research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Tasneem Zehra
- Department of Basic Science & Humanities, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hanan A. Ogaly
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mosab Arafat
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Chen Li
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Al-Warhi T, Al-Karmalawy AA, Elmaaty AA, Alshubramy MA, Abdel-Motaal M, Majrashi TA, Asem M, Nabil A, Eldehna WM, Sharaky M. Biological evaluation, docking studies, and in silico ADME prediction of some pyrimidine and pyridine derivatives as potential EGFR WT and EGFR T790M inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:176-191. [PMID: 36317648 PMCID: PMC9635468 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2135512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, a set of pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives were assessed for their impact on the cell cycle and apoptosis. Human breast cancer (MCF7), hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG2), larynx cancer (HEP2), lung cancer (H460), colon cancers (HCT116 and Caco2), and hypopharyngeal cancer (FADU), and normal Vero cell lines were used. Compounds 8 and 14 displayed outstanding effects on the investigated cell lines and were further tested for their antioxidant activity in MCF7, H460, FADU, HEP2, HEPG2, HCT116, Caco2, and Vero cells by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde content (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and nitric oxide (NO) content. Besides, Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection and cell cycle DNA index using the HEPG-2 cell line were established on both compounds as well. Furthermore, compounds 8 and 14 were assessed for their EGFR kinase (Wild and T790M) inhibitory activities, revealing eligible potential. Additionally, molecular docking, ADME, and SAR studies were carried out for the investigated candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman Abo Elmaaty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Maha A. Alshubramy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Abdel-Motaal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Taghreed A. Majrashi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Medhat Asem
- College of Engineering and Information Technology, Onaizah Colleges, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nabil
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Marwa Sharaky
- Cancer Biology Department, Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lachhab S, El Mansouri AE, Mehdi A, Dennemont I, Neyts J, Jochmans D, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Sanghvi YS, Ait Ali M, Loiseau PM, Lazrek HB. Synthesis of new 3-acetyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolines combined with pyrimidines as antileishmanial and antiviral agents. Mol Divers 2023; 27:2147-2159. [PMID: 36251201 PMCID: PMC9573813 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 3-acetyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoline hybrid molecules was designed and synthesized using a condensation between acyclonucleosides and substituted phenylhydrazone. All intermediates and final products were screened against Leishmania donovani, a Protozoan parasite and against three viruses SARS-CoV-2, HCMV and VZV. While no significant activity was observed against the viruses, the intermediate with 6-azatymine as thymine and 5-azathymine-3-acetyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoline hybrid exhibited a significant antileishmanial activity. The later compound was the most promising, exhibiting an IC50 value at 8.98 µM on L. donovani intramacrophage amastigotes and a moderate selectivity index value at 2.4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saida Lachhab
- Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Az-Eddine El Mansouri
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Ahmad Mehdi
- ICGM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Indira Dennemont
- Antiparasite Chemotherapy, CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, 92290, Paris, France
| | - Johan Neyts
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Dirk Jochmans
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Yogesh S Sanghvi
- Rasayan Inc., 2802 Crystal Ridge Road, Encinitas, CA, 92024-6615, USA
| | - Mustapha Ait Ali
- Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Philippe M Loiseau
- Antiparasite Chemotherapy, CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, 92290, Paris, France
| | - Hassan B Lazrek
- Laboratory of Biomolecular and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Science Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mohammed HHH, Ali DME, Badr M, Habib AGK, Mahmoud AM, Farhan SM, Gany SSHAE, Mohamad SA, Hayallah AM, Abbas SH, Abuo-Rahma GEDA. Synthesis and molecular docking of new N4-piperazinyl ciprofloxacin hybrids as antimicrobial DNA gyrase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2023; 27:1751-1765. [PMID: 36152132 PMCID: PMC10415461 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-4 piperazinyl ciprofloxacin derivatives as urea-tethered ciprofloxacin-chalcone hybrids 2a-j and thioacetyl-linked ciprofloxacin-pyrimidine hybrids 5a-i were synthesized. The target compounds were investigated for their antibacterial activity against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and C. albicans strains, respectively. Ciprofloxacin derivatives 2a-j and 5a-i revealed broad antibacterial activity against either Gram positive or Gram negative strains, with MIC range of 0.06-42.23 µg/mL compared to ciprofloxacin with an MIC range of 0.15-3.25 µg/mL. Among the tested compounds, hybrids 2b, 2c, 5a, 5b, 5h, and 5i exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity with MIC range of 0.06-1.53 µg/mL against the tested bacterial strains. On the other hand, compounds 2c, 2e, 5c, and 5e showed comparable antifungal activity to ketoconazole against candida albicans with MIC range of 2.03-3.89 µg/mL and 2.6 µg/mL, respectively. Further investigations showed that some ciprofloxacin hybrids have inhibitory activity against DNA gyrase as potential molecular target compared to ciprofloxacin with IC50 range of 0.231 ± 0.01-7.592 ± 0.40 µM and 0.323 ± 0.02 µM, respectively. Docking studies of compounds 2b, 2c, 5b, 5c, 5e, 5h, and 5i on the active site of DNA gyrase (PDB: 2XCT) confirmed their ability to form stable complex with the target enzyme like that of ciprofloxacin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamada H H Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City, 61768, Egypt.
| | | | - Mohamed Badr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed G K Habib
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Abobakr Mohamed Mahmoud
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City, 61768, Egypt
| | - Sarah M Farhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City, 61768, Egypt
| | | | - Soad A Mohamad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia, Minya, 61768, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Hayallah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, El Fateh, 71526, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Gamal El-Din A Abuo-Rahma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia City, 61768, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shet H, Gunturu KC, Gharpure SJ, Prasad Kommyreddy S, Gupta KS, Rout SR, Dandela R, Kapdi AR. Cu(II)/PTABS-Promoted, Regioselective S NAr Amination of Polychlorinated Pyrimidines with Mechanistic Understanding. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37486860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Regioselective amination of polyhalogenated heteroarenes (especially pyrimidines) has extensive synthetic and commercial relevance for drug synthesis applications but is plagued by the lack of effective synthetic strategies. Herein, we report the Cu(II)/PTABS-promoted highly regioselective nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) of polychlorinated pyrimidines assisted by DFT predictions of the bond dissociation energies of different C-Cl bonds. The unique reactivity of Cu(II)-PTABS has been attributed to the coordination/activation mechanism that has been known to operate in these reactions, but further insights into the catalytic species have also been provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Shet
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | | | - Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - Krishna S Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Smruti Rekha Rout
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian Oil Odisha Campus, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Mouza Samantpuri, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751013, India
| | - Rambabu Dandela
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian Oil Odisha Campus, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Mouza Samantpuri, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751013, India
| | - Anant R Kapdi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pereira de Sa N, Jayanetti K, Rendina D, Clement T, Soares Brauer V, Mota Fernandes C, Ojima I, Airola MV, Del Poeta M. Targeting Sterylglucosidase A to Treat Aspergillus fumigatus Infections. mBio 2023; 14:e0033923. [PMID: 36877042 PMCID: PMC10128061 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00339-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections are a leading cause of death in immunocompromised patients. Current therapies have several limitations, and innovative antifungal agents are critically needed. Previously, we identified the fungus-specific enzyme sterylglucosidase as essential for pathogenesis and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) in murine models of mycoses. Here, we developed Af sterylglucosidase A (SglA) as a therapeutic target. We identified two selective inhibitors of SglA with distinct chemical scaffolds that bind in the active site of SglA. Both inhibitors induce sterylglucoside accumulation and delay filamentation in Af and increase survival in a murine model of pulmonary aspergillosis. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies identified a more potent derivative that enhances both in vitro phenotypes and in vivo survival. These findings support sterylglucosidase inhibition as a promising antifungal approach with broad-spectrum potential. IMPORTANCE Invasive fungal infections are a leading cause of death in immunocompromised patients. Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungus ubiquitously found in the environment that, upon inhalation, causes both acute and chronic illnesses in at-risk individuals. A. fumigatus is recognized as one of the critical fungal pathogens for which a substantive treatment breakthrough is urgently needed. Here, we studied a fungus-specific enzyme, sterylglucosidase A (SglA), as a therapeutic target. We identified selective inhibitors of SglA that induce accumulation of sterylglucosides and delay filamentation in A. fumigatus and increase survival in a murine model of pulmonary aspergillosis. We determined the structure of SglA, predicted the binding poses of these inhibitors through docking analysis, and identified a more efficacious derivative with a limited SAR study. These results open several exciting avenues for the research and development of a new class of antifungal agents targeting sterylglucosidases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nivea Pereira de Sa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Kalani Jayanetti
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Dominick Rendina
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Timothy Clement
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Veronica Soares Brauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Caroline Mota Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Iwao Ojima
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Michael V. Airola
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Revathi N, Sankarganesh M, Dhaveethu Raja J, Johnson Raja S, Gurusamy S, Nandini Asha R, Jeyakumar TC. Synthesis, spectral, DFT calculation, antimicrobial, antioxidant, DNA/BSA binding and molecular docking studies of bio-pharmacologically active pyrimidine appended Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14914-14928. [PMID: 37021479 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2196696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
A new pyrimidine derivative Schiff base (HL) [HL = 2-((4-amino-6-chloropyrimidin-2-ylimino)methyl)-4-nitrophenol] has been synthesized using 2,6-diamino-4-chloropyrimidine and 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde. Transition metal complexes of Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes [CuL(OAc)] (1), [ZnL(OAc)] (2) are prepared with HL/metal(II) acetate with molar ratio of 1:1. The Schiff base (HL) and the complexes 1 and 2 are evaluated by UV-Visible, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, EI-MS and ESR spectral techniques. Complexes 1 and 2 are confirmed as square planar geometry. Electrochemical studies of the complexes 1 and 2 are used to analyse the quasi reversible process. Density Functional Theory (DFT) using the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level basis set was used to get the optimised geometry and non-linear optical properties. The complexes 1 and 2 are good antimicrobial agents than Schiff base (HL). The interactions of the HL and complexes 1 and 2 with Calf Thymus (CT) DNA are investigated by electronic absorption methods and viscosity measurements. Various molecular spectroscopy techniques, such as UV absorption and fluorescence, were used to explore the mechanism of interaction between the BSA and the ligand HL and complexes 1 & 2 under physiological settings. Complexes 1 and 2 are act as potential antioxidants than free Schiff base (HL) by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Furthermore, the purpose of the molecular docking studies was to better understand how metal complexes interact with biomolecules (CT-DNA and BSA). From these biological analyses, complex 1 acts as good intercalator with CT DNA & BSA and potent antioxidant with DPPH radical than complex 2.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraj Revathi
- Department of Chemistry, Ramco Institute of Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Sankarganesh
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hashmi SZ, Dwivedi J, Kishore D, Kuznetsov AE. Synthesis, characterization, and DFT study of the s-triazine analogues of medicinal interest incorporated with five- and six-membered bioactive heterocyclic scaffolds. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
18
|
Ivanov SM, Koltun DS. Crystal Structure Analysis of 4-Oxo, 4-hydroxy- and 4-alkyl-7-bromopyrazolo[5,1- c][1,2,4]triazines. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2022; 53:1-12. [PMID: 36567741 PMCID: PMC9759054 DOI: 10.1007/s10870-022-00973-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structures of 8-R1-7-bromo-3-tert-butyl-1-R2-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-ones 1a-c, 2a,c (R1 = CN, CO2Et, NO2, R2 = H, 1:1 and 3:1 solvates with DMSO; R1 = CN, CO2Et, R2 = CH2Boc), 8-R1-7-bromo-3-tert-butyl-1-R2-1,4-dihydropyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazin-4-ols 3a,b (R1 = CN, R2 = n-Bu; R1 = Br, R2 = CH2Boc), 1,4-dihydro- and aromatic 7-R3-3-tert-butyl-4-R4-8-methylpyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines 5a,b, 6 (R3 = H, R4 = n-Pr; R3 = Br, R4 = n-Bu) were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The structural preferences and different packing modes based on the intermolecular interactions were analyzed by the Hirshfeld surface and energy framework analysis. Graphical Abstract The crystal structures of ten 3-tert-butyl-4-oxo, 4-hydroxy- and 4-alkyl-7-bromopyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines including non-solvated, 1:1 and 3:1 solvates with DMSO were investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction, Hirshfeld surface and energy framework analyses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10870-022-00973-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M. Ivanov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 47., Moscow, Russia 119991
| | - Denis S. Koltun
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 47., Moscow, Russia 119991
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kaur M, Yusuf M, Malhi DS, Sohal HS. Bis-pyrimidine Derivatives: Synthesis and Impact of Olefinic/Aromatic Linkers on Antimicrobial and DNA Photocleavage Activity. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022120120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
|
20
|
Ivanov SM, Koltun DS. CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF 6-tert-BUTYL-3-DICYANOMETHYLENE-, 3-CYANOMETHYL-, AND 3-CARBALKOXY-1,2,4-TRIAZINES. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s002247662212006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
21
|
Qureshi F, Nawaz M, Hisaindee S, Almofty SA, Ansari MA, Jamal QMS, Ullah N, Taha M, Alshehri O, Huwaimel B, Bin Break MK. Microwave assisted synthesis of 2-amino-4-chloro-pyrimidine derivatives: Anticancer and computational study on potential inhibitory action against COVID-19. ARAB J CHEM 2022; 15:104366. [PMID: 36276298 PMCID: PMC9580235 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report microwave synthesis of seven unique pyrimidine anchored derivatives (1–7) incorporating multifunctional amino derivatives along with their in vitro anticancer activity and their activity against COVID-19 in silico. 1–7 were characterized by different analytical and spectroscopic techniques. Cytotoxic activity of 1–7 was tested against HCT116 and MCF7 cell lines, whereby 6 exhibited highest anticancer activity on HCT116 and MCF7 with EC50 values of 89.24 ± 1.36 µM and 89.37 ± 1.17 µM, respectively. Molecular docking was performed for derivatives (1–7) on main protease for SARS-CoV-2 (PDB ID: 6LU7). Results revealed that most of the derivatives had superior or equivalent affinity for the 3CLpro, as determined by docking and binding energy scores. 6 topped the rest with highest binding energy score of −8.12 kcal/mol with inhibition constant reported as 1.11 µM. ADME, drug-likeness, and pharmacokinetics properties of 1–7 were tested using Swiss ADME tool. Toxicity analysis was done with pkCSM online server. All derivatives showed high GI absorption. Except 1 and 3, all derivatives showed blood brain barrier permeability. Most derivatives showed negative logKp values suggesting derivatives are less skin permeable and bioavailability score of all derivatives was 0.55. The toxicity analysis demonstrated that all derivatives have no skin sensitization properties. 6 and 7 showed maximum tolerated dose (Human) values of −0.03 and −0.018, respectively and absence of AMES toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Qureshi
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.0. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soleiman Hisaindee
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah Ameen Almofty
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.0. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal
- Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Qassim University, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisar Ullah
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohood Alshehri
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Huwaimel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
A new approach to pyrimidine-type heterocycles based on Petrenko–Kritschenko synthesis. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-022-03133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
23
|
Design, synthesis and evaluation of new alkylated pyrimidine derivatives as antibacterial agents. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
24
|
Pasuparthy SD, Maiti B. [CMMIM][BF 4 -] Ionic Liquid-Catalyzed Facile, One-Pot Synthesis of Chromeno[4,3- d]pyrido[1,2- a]pyrimidin-6-ones: Evaluation of Their Photophysical Properties and Theoretical Calculations. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39147-39158. [PMID: 36340130 PMCID: PMC9631728 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have developed a novel synthetic route for the synthesis of chromeno[4,3-d]pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-6-one derivatives 8a-q using an acid ionic liquid [CMMIM][BF4 -] 4 via one-pot, three-component synthesis in aqueous ethanol at room temperature. A series of 17 derivatives have been successfully prepared with up to 93% yield. All the synthesized derivatives were well characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR spectral techniques. Additionally, the photophysical properties of 12 selected derivatives including molar extinction coefficient (ε), Stokes shift (Δυ̅), and quantum yield (Φ) varying from 0.52095 × 104 to 0.93248 × 104, 4216 to 4668 cm-1, and 0.0088 to 0.0459, respectively, have been determined. Furthermore, the experimental data are supported by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations. Theoretical investigations showed a trend similar to experimental results.
Collapse
|
25
|
Abolibda TZ, Fathalla M, Aljohani GF, Zayed EM, Gomha SM. Synthesis and in Silico Antiviral Activity of Novel Bioactive Thiobarbituric Acid Based Hydrazones and Pyrazoles against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro). Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2138922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Z. Abolibda
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Fathalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ghadah F. Aljohani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab M. Zayed
- Department of Green Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shabir G, Shafique I, Saeed A. Ultrasound Assisted Synthesis of 5‐7 Membered Heterocyclic Rings in Organic Molecules. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Shabir
- Department of Chemistry Quaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
- College of Arts and Science University of Chakwal Punjab Pakistan
| | - Imran Shafique
- Department of Chemistry Quaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry Quaid‐I‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zheng Y, Li S, Song K, Ye J, Li W, Zhong Y, Feng Z, Liang S, Cai Z, Xu K. A Broad Antiviral Strategy: Inhibitors of Human DHODH Pave the Way for Host-Targeting Antivirals against Emerging and Re-Emerging Viruses. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050928. [PMID: 35632670 PMCID: PMC9146014 DOI: 10.3390/v14050928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
New strategies to rapidly develop broad-spectrum antiviral therapies are urgently required for emerging and re-emerging viruses. Host-targeting antivirals (HTAs) that target the universal host factors necessary for viral replication are the most promising approach, with broad-spectrum, foresighted function, and low resistance. We and others recently identified that host dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is one of the universal host factors essential for the replication of many acute-infectious viruses. DHODH is a rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the fourth step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. Therefore, it has also been developed as a therapeutic target for many diseases relying on cellular pyrimidine resources, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, and viral or bacterial infections. Significantly, the successful use of DHODH inhibitors (DHODHi) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection further supports the application prospects. This review focuses on the advantages of HTAs and the antiviral effects of DHODHi with clinical applications. The multiple functions of DHODHi in inhibiting viral replication, stimulating ISGs expression, and suppressing cytokine storms make DHODHi a potent strategy against viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Shiliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (S.L.); (Z.F.)
| | - Kun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Jiajie Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Wenkang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Yifan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Ziyan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (S.L.); (Z.F.)
| | - Simeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zeng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
- Institute for Vaccine Research, Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory at Center for Animal Experiments, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (K.S.); (J.Y.); (W.L.); (Y.Z.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
- Institute for Vaccine Research, Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory at Center for Animal Experiments, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-68756997; Fax: +86-27-68754592
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Synthesis and Applications of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles as Antiviral Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092700. [PMID: 35566055 PMCID: PMC9101374 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses have been a long-term source of infectious diseases that can lead to large-scale infections and massive deaths. Especially with the recent highly contagious coronavirus (COVID-19), antiviral drugs were developed nonstop to deal with the emergence of new viruses and subject to drug resistance. Nitrogen-containing heterocycles have compatible structures and properties with exceptional biological activity for the drug design of antiviral agents. They provided a broad spectrum of interference against viral infection at various stages, from blocking early viral entry to disrupting the viral genome replication process by targeting different enzymes and proteins of viruses. This review focused on the synthesis and application of antiviral agents derived from various nitrogen-containing heterocycles, such as indole, pyrrole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, and quinoline, within the last ten years. The synthesized scaffolds target HIV, HCV/HBV, VZV/HSV, SARS-CoV, COVID-19, and influenza viruses.
Collapse
|
29
|
El-Kalyoubi SA, Taher ES, Ibrahim TS, El-Behairy MF, Al-Mahmoudy AMM. Uracil as a Zn-Binding Bioisostere of the Allergic Benzenesulfonamide in the Design of Quinoline-Uracil Hybrids as Anticancer Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:494. [PMID: 35631321 PMCID: PMC9146896 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of quinoline-uracil hybrids (10a-l) has been rationalized and synthesized. The inhibitory activity against hCA isoforms I, II, IX, and XII was explored. Compounds 10a-l demonstrated powerful inhibitory activity against all tested hCA isoforms. Compound 10h displayed the best selectivity profile with good activity. Compound 10d displayed the best activity profile with minimal selectivity. Compound 10l emerged as the best congener considering both activity (IC50 = 140 and 190 nM for hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively) and selectivity (S.I. = 13.20 and 9.75 for II/IX, and II/XII, respectively). The most active hybrids were assayed for antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities against MCF-7 and A549. In silico studies, molecular docking, physicochemical parameters, and ADMET analysis were performed to explain the acquired CA inhibitory action of all hybrids. A study of the structure-activity relationship revealed that bulky substituents at uracil N-1 were unfavored for activity while substituted quinoline and thiouracil were effective for selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar A. El-Kalyoubi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Ehab S. Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Tarek S. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed Farrag El-Behairy
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufiya 32897, Egypt;
| | - Amany M. M. Al-Mahmoudy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bhale PS, Chavan HV, Shringare SN, Khedkar VM, Tigote RM, Mali NN, Jadhav TD, Kamble NB, Kolat SP, Bandgar BP, Patil HS. Design, synthesis of anticancer and anti-inflammatory 4-(1-methyl-1 H-indol-3-yl)-6-(methylthio) pyrimidine-5-carbonitriles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2048860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin S. Bhale
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, P. A. H. Solapur University, Solapur, India
- Department of Chemistry, Yeshwantrao Chavan Mahavidyalaya, Tuljapur, Dist. Osmanabad, India
| | - Hemant V. Chavan
- Department of Chemistry, A. S. P. College (Autonomous), Devrukh, Dist. Ratnagiri, India
| | - Sadanand N. Shringare
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, P. A. H. Solapur University, Solapur, India
| | | | - Radhakrishna M. Tigote
- Department of Chemistry, Sub-Campus, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Osmanabad, India
| | - Nikita N. Mali
- Department of Chemistry, Sub-Campus, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Osmanabad, India
| | - Tukaram D. Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, Sub-Campus, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Osmanabad, India
| | - Nitin B. Kamble
- Department of Chemistry, Sub-Campus, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Osmanabad, India
| | - Swati P. Kolat
- Department of Chemistry, Bharatiya Jain Sanghatana’s Arts, Science and Commerce College, Wagholi, Pune, India
| | - Babasaheb P. Bandgar
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, P. A. H. Solapur University, Solapur, India
| | - Harshal S. Patil
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
- Department of Chemistry, Moreshwar College, Bhokardan, Dist. Jalna, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Castro Jara M, Silva ACA, Ritter M, da Silva AF, Gonçalves CL, dos Santos PR, Borja LS, de Pereira CMP, da Silva Nascente P. Dihydropyrimidinones Against Multiresistant Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:743213. [PMID: 35369453 PMCID: PMC8973396 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.743213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in bacterial resistance to antimicrobials has led to high morbidity and mortality rates, posing a major public health problem, requiring the discovery of novel antimicrobial substances. The biological samples were identified as the Gram-negative bacilli Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Morganella morgannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens and the Gram-positive cocci Enterococcus faecium, and Staphylococcus aureus, all of them resistant to at least three classes of antimicrobials. The antibacterial activity of the compounds was checked in vitro by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) by the broth microdilution method and plating in brain heart infusion (BHI) agar, respectively. The chemical characterization of the compounds was performed by measuring the melting point and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) on a Shimadzu GC–MS-QP system 2010SE. Synthetic compounds showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive cocci at MIC concentrations 0.16–80 μg/ml and Gram-negative bacilli at MIC concentrations 23.2–80 μg/ml. Enterococcus faecium and S. aureus had the best MIC values. The results of the cytotoxicity test indicated that the synthetic compounds showed no significant difference in three concentrations tested (5, 20, and 80 μg/ml), allowing cell viability not different from that assigned to the control, without the tested compounds. In this context, the development of DHPM derivatives brings an alternative and perspective on effectiveness of drugs as potential future antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Castro Jara
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marisa Castro Jara,
| | - Allison Carlos Assunção Silva
- Lipidomics and Bioorganics Laboratory, Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Marina Ritter
- Lipidomics and Bioorganics Laboratory, Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Lambrecht Gonçalves
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Pedro Rassier dos Santos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Luciano Sisconetto Borja
- Lipidomics and Bioorganics Laboratory, Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Martin Pereira de Pereira
- Lipidomics and Bioorganics Laboratory, Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Silva Nascente
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Elkanzi NAA, Hrichi H, Bakr RB. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and molecular docking studies of novel chalcones and Schiff bases bearing 1, 4-naphthoquinone moiety. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180819666211228091055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The 1,4-naphthoquinone ring has attracted prominent interest in the field of medicinal chemistry due to its potent pharmacological activity as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer.
Objective:
Herein, a series of new Schiff bases (4-6) and chalcones (8a-c & 9a-d) bearing 1,4-naphthoquinone moiety were synthesized in good yields and were subjected to in-vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and molecular docking testing.
Methods:
A facile protocol has been described in this study for the synthesis of new derivatives (4-7, 8a-c, and 9a-d) bearing 1,4-naphthoquinone moiety. The chemical structures of all the synthesized compounds were identified by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS, and elemental analyses. Moreover, these derivatives were assessed for their in-vitro antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria, and fungal strains. Further studies were conducted to test their antioxidant activity using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay. Molecular docking studies were realized to identify the most likely interactions of the novel compounds within the protein receptor.
Results:
The antimicrobial results showed that most of the compounds displayed good efficacy against both bacterial and fungal strains. The antioxidant study revealed that compounds 9d, 9a, 9b, 8c, and 6 exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity. Docking studies of the most active antimicrobial compounds within GLN- 6-P, recorded good scores with several binding interactions with the active sites.
Conclusion:
Based on the obtained results, it was found that compounds 8b, 9b, and 9c displayed the highest activity against both bacterial and fungal strains. The obtained findings from the DPPH radical scavenging method revealed that compounds 9d and 9a exhibited the strongest scavenging potential. The molecular docking studies proved that the most active antimicrobial compounds 8b, 9b and 9c displayed the highest energy binding scores within the glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlcN-6-P) active site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ali Ahmed Elkanzi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, P.O. box 81528, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Hajer Hrichi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania B. Bakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abd El-Hameed RH, Sayed AI, Mahmoud Ali S, Mosa MA, Khoder ZM, Fatahala SS. Synthesis of novel pyrroles and fused pyrroles as antifungal and antibacterial agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:2183-2198. [PMID: 34602000 PMCID: PMC8491725 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1984904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrroles and its fused forms possess antimicrobial activities, they can easily interact with biomolecules of living systems. A series of substituted pyrroles, and its fused pyrimidines and triazines forms have been synthesised, all newly synthesised compound structures were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis. Generally, the compounds inhibited growth of some important human pathogens, the best effect was given by: 2a, 3c, 4d on Gram-positive bacteria and was higher on yeast (C. albicans), by 5c on Gram-negative bacteria and by 5a then 3c on filamentous fungi (A. fumigatus and F. oxysporum). Such results present good antibacterial and antifungal potential candidates to help overcome the global problem of antibiotic resistance and opportunistic infections outbreak. Compound 3c gave the best anti-phytopathogenic effect at a 50-fold lower concentration than Kocide 2000, introducing a safe commercial candidate for agricultural use. The effect of the compounds on DNA was monitored to detect the mode of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Helmy Abd El-Hameed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira Ibrahim Sayed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shima Mahmoud Ali
- Department of Chemistry, The state University of New York at Buffalo, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohamed A. Mosa
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zainab M. Khoder
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samar Said Fatahala
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Synthesis of Novel 2-Thiouracil-5-Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potent Inducers of Cell Cycle Arrest and CDK2A Inhibition Supported by Molecular Docking. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111957. [PMID: 34769385 PMCID: PMC8584424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In an effort to discover potent anticancer agents, 2-thiouracil-5-sulfonamides derivatives were designed and synthesized. The cytotoxic activity of all synthesized compounds was investigated against four human cancer cell lines viz A-2780 (ovarian), HT-29 (colon), MCF-7 (breast), and HepG2 (liver). Compounds 6b,d-g, and 7b showed promising anticancer activity and significant inhibition of CDK2A. Moreover, they were all safe when tested on WI38 normal cells with high selectivity index for cancer cells. Flow cytometric analysis for the most active compound 6e displayed induction of cell growth arrest at G1/S phase (A-2780 cells), S phase (HT-29 and MCF-7 cells), and G2/M phase (HepG2 cells) and stimulated the apoptotic death of all cancer cells. Moreover, 6e was able to cause cycle arrest indirectly through enhanced expression of cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p27. Finally, molecular docking of compound 6e endorsed its proper binding to CDK2A, which clarifies its potent anticancer activity.
Collapse
|
35
|
Mondal R, Chakraborty G, Guin AK, Sarkar S, Paul ND. Iron-Catalyzed Alkyne-Based Multicomponent Synthesis of Pyrimidines under Air. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13186-13197. [PMID: 34528802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An iron-catalyzed sustainable, economically affordable, and eco-friendly synthetic protocol for the construction of various trisubstituted pyrimidines is described. A wide range of trisubstituted pyrimidines were prepared using a well-defined, easy to prepare, bench-stable, and phosphine-free iron catalyst featuring a redox-noninnocent tridentate arylazo pincer under comparatively mild aerobic conditions via dehydrogenative functionalization of alcohols with alkynes and amidines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Gargi Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Amit Kumar Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Susmita Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| | - Nanda D Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Botanic Garden, Howrah 711103, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Alhilal M, Sulaiman YAM, Alhilal S, Gomha SM, Ouf SA. Synthesis of Novel Acyclic Nucleoside Analogue Starting From 6-Aminouracil as Potent Antimicrobial Agent. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1984260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alhilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yaser A. M. Sulaiman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Suzan Alhilal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salama A. Ouf
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abdellattif MH, Shahbaaz M, Arief MMH, Hussien MA. Oxazinethione Derivatives as a Precursor to Pyrazolone and Pyrimidine Derivatives: Synthesis, Biological Activities, Molecular Modeling, ADME, and Molecular Dynamics Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185482. [PMID: 34576953 PMCID: PMC8468439 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used oxazinethione as a perfect precursor to synthesize new pyrimidine and pyrazole derivatives with potent biological activities. Biological activities were determined for all compounds against A. flavus, E. coli, S. aureus, and F. moniliform. Compounds 3, 4a-b, and 5 exhibited higher activities toward A. flavus, E. coli, S. aureus, and F. moniliform; this was indicated through the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). At the same time, anticancer activities were determined through four cell lines, Ovcar-3, Hela, MCF-7, and LCC-MMk. The results obtained indicated that compound 5 was the most potent compound for both cell lines. Molecular docking was studied by the MOE (molecular operating environment). The in silico ADME of compounds 2 and 5 showed good pharmacokinetic properties. The present research strengthens the applicability of these compounds as encouraging anticancer and antibacterial drugs. Moreover, JAGUAR module MD simulations were carried out at about 100 ns. In addition, spectroscopic studies were carried out to establish the reactions of the synthesized structure derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda H. Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-554156900
| | - Mohd Shahbaaz
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Institute, University of Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
- Laboratory of Computational Modelling of Drugs, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospects, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M. M. H. Arief
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt;
| | - Mostafa A. Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
N-Directed Pd-Catalyzed Photoredox-Mediated C–H Arylation for Accessing Phenyl-Extended Analogues of Biginelli/Suzuki-Derived Ethyl 4-Methyl-2,6-diphenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylates. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11091071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability and application of direct, functional group-compatible C–H activation methods for late-stage modification of small-molecule bioactives and other valuable materials remains an ongoing challenge in organic synthesis. In the current study, we demonstrate that a LED-activated, photoredox-mediated, Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed C–H arylation, employing a phenyldiazonium aryl source and either tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) or (2,2′-bipyridine)bis[3,5-di-fluoro-2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl-kN][phenyl-kC]iridium(III) as photoredox initiator, may successfully produce unprecedented mono- and bis-phenyl derivatives of functionality-rich 2,6-diphenylpyrimidine substrates at room temperature. The series of 19 substrates employed herein, which share the biologically-relevant 4-methyl-2,6-diphenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate scaffold, were generated via a synthetic route involving (3-component) Biginelli condensation, oxidative dehydrogenation of the obtained 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one to 2-hydroxypyrimidine, O-sulfonylation, and Suzuki-Miyaura C–C cross-coupling. Submission of these substrates to pyrimidine-N-atom-directed C–H arylation conditions led to regioselective phenylation at the ortho site(s) of the pyrimidine-C2-connected phenyl ring, revealing substituent-dependent electronic and steric effects. A focused library of 18 mono- and 10 bis-phenyl derivatives was generated. Its members exhibit interesting 3D and peripheral substitution features that render them promising for evaluation in drug discovery efforts.
Collapse
|
39
|
Venkatesh T, Bodke YD, Manjunatha B, Ravi Kumar S. Synthesis, antitubercular activity and molecular docking study of substituted [1,3]dioxino[4,5- d]pyrimidine derivatives via facile CAN catalyzed Biginelli reaction. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 40:1037-1049. [PMID: 34470580 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2021.1972310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a simple and convenient method for the synthesis of substituted-aryllidine-2,2-dimethyl-7-thioxo/oxo-4H-[1,3]dioxino[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives (4a-g) via one-pot Biginelli reaction of Meldrum's acid (1), indole-3-carbaldehyde/thiophene-2-carbaldehyde/2-chloro-quinoline-3-carbaldehyde (2) and amines (3) in aqueous ethanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of CAN. The obtained pyrimidine hybrids were screened for their antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculi H37RV strain. The antimycobacterial results showed that compounds 4a and 4b exhibited excellent activity with MIC value of 1.6 µg/mL, four-fold greater than the standard streptomycin (6.24 µg/mL), while compounds (4c-g) showed lower efficacy. To study the interaction between the synthesized compounds and receptor, the compounds 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d were studied for molecular docking on the enzyme enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (enoyl-ACP reductase) and the compounds 4a and 4b have emerged as active antitubercular agents with least binding energy -9.4 kcal/mol and -9.3 kcal/mol respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talavara Venkatesh
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Chemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - Yadav D Bodke
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Chemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - B Manjunatha
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Chemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - S Ravi Kumar
- Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University Shankaraghatta1, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Balasubramaniyam T, Oh KI, Jin HS, Ahn HB, Kim BS, Lee JH. Non-Canonical Helical Structure of Nucleic Acids Containing Base-Modified Nucleotides. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9552. [PMID: 34502459 PMCID: PMC8430589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically modified nucleobases are thought to be important for therapeutic purposes as well as diagnosing genetic diseases and have been widely involved in research fields such as molecular biology and biochemical studies. Many artificially modified nucleobases, such as methyl, halogen, and aryl modifications of purines at the C8 position and pyrimidines at the C5 position, are widely studied for their biological functions. DNA containing these modified nucleobases can form non-canonical helical structures such as Z-DNA, G-quadruplex, i-motif, and triplex. This review summarizes the synthesis of chemically modified nucleotides: (i) methylation, bromination, and arylation of purine at the C8 position and (ii) methylation, bromination, and arylation of pyrimidine at the C5 position. Additionally, we introduce the non-canonical structures of nucleic acids containing these modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thananjeyan Balasubramaniyam
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea; (T.B.); (K.-I.O.); (H.-S.J.); (H.-B.A.)
- The Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Kwnag-Im Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea; (T.B.); (K.-I.O.); (H.-S.J.); (H.-B.A.)
- The Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea; (T.B.); (K.-I.O.); (H.-S.J.); (H.-B.A.)
| | - Hye-Bin Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea; (T.B.); (K.-I.O.); (H.-S.J.); (H.-B.A.)
| | - Byeong-Seon Kim
- The Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea
- Department of Chemistry Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea
| | - Joon-Hwa Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea; (T.B.); (K.-I.O.); (H.-S.J.); (H.-B.A.)
- The Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Gyeongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Syzygium aromaticum Extracts as a Potential Antibacterial Inhibitors against Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii: An In-Silico-Supported In-Vitro Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091062. [PMID: 34572644 PMCID: PMC8472170 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Imipenem is the most efficient antibiotic against Acinetobacter baumannii infection, but new research has shown that the organism has also developed resistance to this agent. A. baumannii isolates from a total of 110 clinical samples were identified by multiplex PCR. The antibacterial activity of Syzygium aromaticum multiple extracts was assessed following the GC-Mass spectra analysis. The molecular docking study was performed to investigate the binding mode of interactions of guanosine (Ethanolic extract compound) against Penicillin- binding proteins 1 and 3 of A. baumannii. Ten isolates of A. baumannii were confirmed to carry recA and iutA genes. Isolates were multidrug-resistant containing blaTEM and BlaSHV. The concentrations (0.04 to 0.125 mg mL-1) of S. aromaticum ethanolic extract were very promising against A. baumannii isolates. Even though imipenem (0.02 mg mL-1) individually showed a great bactericidal efficacy against all isolates, the in-silico study of guanosine, apioline, eugenol, and elemicin showed acceptable fitting to the binding site of the A. baumannii PBP1 and/or PBP3 with highest binding energy for guanosine between -7.1 and -8.1 kcal/mol respectively. Moreover, it formed π-stacked interactions with the residue ARG76 at 4.14 and 5.6, Å respectively. These findings might support the in vitro study and show a substantial increase in binding affinity and enhanced physicochemical characteristics compared to imipenem.
Collapse
|
42
|
2-Aminopyrimidinium Decavanadate: Experimental and Theoretical Characterization, Molecular Docking, and Potential Antineoplastic Activity. INORGANICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics9090067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in decavanadate anions has increased in recent decades, since these clusters show interesting applications as varied as sensors, batteries, catalysts, or new drugs in medicine. Due to the capacity of the interaction of decavanadate with a variety of biological molecules because of its high negative charge and oxygen-rich surface, this cluster is being widely studied both in vitro and in vivo as a treatment for several global health problems such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we report a new decavanadate compound with organic molecules synthesized in an aqueous solution and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The decavanadate anion was combined with 2-aminopyrimidine to form the compound [2-ampymH]6[V10O28]·5H2O (1). In the crystal lattice, organic molecules are stacked by π–π interactions, with a centroid-to-centroid distance similar to that shown in DNA or RNA molecules. Furthermore, computational DFT calculations of Compound 1 corroborate the hydrogen bond interaction between pyrimidine molecules and decavanadate anions, as well as the π–π stacking interactions between the central pyrimidine molecules. Finally, docking studies with test RNA molecules indicate that they could serve as other potential targets for the anticancer activity of decavanadate anion.
Collapse
|
43
|
Bhat R, Begum NS. Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity Screening, and Molecular Docking Study of Pyrimidine Carbonitrile Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021080169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
44
|
Sulfamic acid pyromellitic diamide-functionalized MCM-41 as a multifunctional hybrid catalyst for melting-assisted solvent-free synthesis of bioactive 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11199. [PMID: 34045484 PMCID: PMC8159994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study introduces a practical approach to fabricate a novel hybrid acidic catalyst, namely sulfamic acid pyromellitic diamide-functionalized MCM-41 (MCM-41-APS-PMDA-NHSO3H). Various techniques such as FTIR, TGA, XRD, BET, FESEM, and EDX were used to confirm its structural characteristics. The efficiency of the new MCM-41-APS-PMDA-NHSO3H organosilica nanomaterials, as a heterogenous nanocatalyst, was examined in the synthesis of biologically active 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one derivatives under solvent-free conditions. It was found that the nanoporous MCM-41-APS-PMDA-NHSO3H, demonstrating acidic nature and high surface area, can activate all the Biginelli reaction components to afford desired 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones under solvent-free conditions in short reaction time. Furthermore, easy and quick isolation of the new introduced hybrid organosilica from the reaction mixture as well as its reusability with negligible loss of activity in at least five consecutive runs are another advantages of this green protocol.
Collapse
|
45
|
Bhat R, Begum NS. Synthesis, characterization and molecular docking studies of new indol(1 H-3-yl)pyrimidine derivatives: Insights into their role in DNA interaction. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 40:619-634. [PMID: 33988075 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2021.1922700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of new indol(1H-3-yl) pyrimidine derivatives 4(a-e) using various substituted indole-3-carbaldehydes, urea and malononitrile in the presence of ammonium chloride. The resulting compounds were characterized using analytical and spectroscopic methods. The molecular docking study exhibits that among the synthesized compounds, 4(c-e) have great binding ability toward B-DNA. The binding efficiencies of compounds 4(c-e) with CT-DNA were evaluated via UV-visible absorption spectral and viscosity studies. The findings establish that the compounds firmly bind through an intercalative mode to CT-DNA and provide a unique pattern of DNA binding. The photo-induced cleavage indicates that the compounds have UV-visible photo nuclease properties toward plasmid DNA as revealed by agarose gel electrophoresis approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Bhat
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Noor Shahina Begum
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nguyen TK, Titov GD, Khoroshilova OV, Kinzhalov MA, Rostovskii NV. Light-induced one-pot synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives from vinyl azides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 18:4971-4982. [PMID: 32558855 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot procedure for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted dihydropyrimidine and pyrimidine derivatives from α-azidocinnamates was developed. The synthesis is based on the finding that the outcome of LED photolysis of α-azidocinnamates depends on the light wavelength employed. Blue light (455 nm) leads to the formation of 2H-azirines only, but violet light (395 nm), UV-A light (365 nm), or sunlight result in the transformation of the in situ formed 2H-azirines to 1,3-diazabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-enes. Under basic catalysis (DBU), the latter were isomerized to 1,6-dihydropyrimidines which were oxidized to pyrimidines using DDQ. A successful use of Cs2CO3 as a base and air as an oxidant was also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan K Nguyen
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| | - Gleb D Titov
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| | - Olesya V Khoroshilova
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| | - Mikhail A Kinzhalov
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| | - Nikolai V Rostovskii
- Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Multisubstituted pyrimidines effectively inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7931. [PMID: 33846401 PMCID: PMC8041844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86852-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are multicellular communities of microorganisms that generally attach to surfaces in a self-produced matrix. Unlike planktonic cells, biofilms can withstand conventional antibiotics, causing significant challenges in the healthcare system. Currently, new chemical entities are urgently needed to develop novel anti-biofilm agents. In this study, we designed and synthesized a set of 2,4,5,6-tetrasubstituted pyrimidines and assessed their antibacterial activity against planktonic cells and biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 9e, 10d, and 10e displayed potent activity for inhibiting the onset of biofilm formation as well as for killing pre-formed biofilms of S. aureus ATCC 25923 and Newman strains, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 11.6 to 62.0 µM. These pyrimidines, at 100 µM, not only decreased the number of viable bacteria within the pre-formed biofilm by 2–3 log10 but also reduced the amount of total biomass by 30–50%. Furthermore, these compounds were effective against planktonic cells with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values lower than 60 µM for both staphylococcal strains. Compound 10d inhibited the growth of S. aureus ATCC 25923 in a concentration-dependent manner and displayed a bactericidal anti-staphylococcal activity. Taken together, our study highlights the value of multisubstituted pyrimidines to develop novel anti-biofilm agents.
Collapse
|
48
|
Estimation of drug-likeness properties of GC-MS separated bioactive compounds in rare medicinal Pleione maculata using molecular docking technique and SwissADME in silico tools. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 10:14. [PMID: 33643765 PMCID: PMC7903411 DOI: 10.1007/s13721-020-00276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of the paper was to determine bioactive compounds in Pleione maculata extracts using gas chromatographic technique and to investigate their drug-likeness potential using molecular docking algorithm and ADME studies on the recent intractable disease, for example, SARS-CoV-2. Pleione maculata sample was prepared for GC–MS analysis. The peak components were identified based on the NIST Library. Molecular docking was performed using PatchDock, and energy refinement was carried out using the FireDock algorithm followed by drug-likeness analysis using the SwissADME tool. The mass spectrum revealed various pharmacologically important compounds and novel compounds 8-oxatetracyclo{5.2.1.1(2,6). 1(4,10)}dodecane, 7-tert-butyl-1,9,9-trimeth, docosane, 2,4-dimethyl, kryptogenin 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine, and N-decyl-alpha,D-2-deoxyglycoside which are reported for the first time. Molecular docking using PatchDock illustrates GC–MS compounds Nor-diazepam,3-{N-hydroxymethyl}aminocarbonyloxy a good docking and high binding affinity with atomic contact energy -10.95 kcal/mol against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S2 subunit. ADME analysis predicts Nor-diazepam,3-{N-hydroxymethyl}aminocarbonyloxy and andrographolide showed very high drug-likeness parameters with no metabolism disturbances. The random control antiviral drug arabidiol revealed a lower binding affinity and lower solubility compared to bioactive compounds of P. maculata. The study depicts the first and novel report on various pharmaceutical important GC–MS bioactive compounds and molecular docking study on Pleione maculata having potential against various intractable diseases.
Collapse
|
49
|
Kaur M, Garg S, Malhi DS, Sohal HS. A Review on Synthesis, Reactions and Biological Properties of Seven Membered Heterocyclic Compounds: Azepine, Azepane, Azepinone. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825999210104222338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Seven membered heterocyclic Azepine and its derivatives have great pharmacological
and therapeutic implications. In this review, the literature of the last fifty years has
been exploited for the synthesis, reaction, and biological properties of these seven-member
heterocyclic compounds. Most of the mechanisms involved the ring expansion of either five
or six-membered compounds using various methods such as thermally, photo-chemically, and
microwave irradiation. The systematically designed schemes involve the synthesis of different
derivatives of azepine, azepinone, azepane, etc., using similar moieties by various researchers.
However, there is much work yet to be done in the biological section, as it is not
explored and reported in the literature; therefore, N-containing seven-membered heterocycles
still have much scope for the researchers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manvinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan-140413, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sonali Garg
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan-140413, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Dharambeer S. Malhi
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan-140413, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Harvinder S. Sohal
- Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan-140413, Mohali, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Priority directions in the design of biologically active compounds based on 2-aminopyrimidin-4(3H)-one and its derivatives. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-021-02875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|