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Mendoza-Martínez GD, Hernández-García PA, Díaz-Galván C, Razo-Ortiz PB, Ojeda-Carrasco JJ, Sánchez-López N, de la Torre-Hernández ME. Evaluation of Increasing Dietary Concentrations of a Multi-Enzyme Complex in Feedlot Lambs' Rations. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1215. [PMID: 38672363 PMCID: PMC11047411 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of the M-E complex (xylanase, glucanase, cellulase, and invertase) Optimax E® on the performance of growing lambs, their digestibility, and their rumen microbiota, and to estimate NEm, NEg, and ruminal methane levels. Forty lambs (Katahdin x Dorset; 22.91 ± 4.16 kg) were randomly assigned to dietary concentrations of ME (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8% DM) and fed individually for 77 days. Increasing M-E improved feed conversion (p < 0.05) as well as NEm and NEg (p < 0.05), which were associated with increased in vivo DM and NDF digestion (linear and quadratic p < 0.01). Few microbial families showed abundancy changes (Erysipelotrichaceae, Christensenellaceae, Lentisphaerae, and Clostridial Family XIII); however, the dominant phylum Bacteroidetes was linearly reduced, while Firmicutes increased (p < 0.01), resulting in a greater Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Total Entodinium showed a quadratic response (p < 0.10), increasing its abundancy as the enzyme dose was augmented. The daily emission intensity of methane (per kg of DMI or AGD) was reduced linearly (p < 0.01). In conclusion, adding the M-E complex Optimax E® to growing lambs' diets improves their productive performance by acting synergistically with the rumen microbiota, modifying the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio toward more efficient fermentation, and shows the potential to reduce the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions from lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán David Mendoza-Martínez
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, México City 04960, Mexico; (G.D.M.-M.); (C.D.-G.)
| | - Pedro Abel Hernández-García
- Centro Universitario Amecameca, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Amecameca 56900, Mexico; (P.B.R.-O.)
| | - Cesar Díaz-Galván
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, México City 04960, Mexico; (G.D.M.-M.); (C.D.-G.)
| | - Pablo Benjamín Razo-Ortiz
- Centro Universitario Amecameca, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Amecameca 56900, Mexico; (P.B.R.-O.)
| | - Juan José Ojeda-Carrasco
- Centro Universitario Amecameca, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Amecameca 56900, Mexico; (P.B.R.-O.)
| | - Nalley Sánchez-López
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, México City 04960, Mexico; (G.D.M.-M.); (C.D.-G.)
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Silvestre AM, Souza JM, Millen DD. Adoption of adaptation protocols and feed additives to improve performance of feedlot cattle. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2023.2191679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio M. Silvestre
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Johnny M. Souza
- College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo D. Millen
- College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
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Biological depolymerization of lignin using laccase harvested from the autochthonous fungus Schizophyllum commune employing various production methods and its efficacy in augmenting in vitro digestibility in ruminants. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11170. [PMID: 35778516 PMCID: PMC9249777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15211-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A laccase-producing hyper performer, Schizophyllum commune, a white-rot fungus, was evaluated for its ability to selectively degrade lignin of diverse crop residues in vitro. Relative analysis of crop residue treatment using laccase obtained from immobilized cells demonstrated degradation of 30–40% in finger millet straw and sorghum stover, 27–32% in paddy straw, 21% in wheat straw, and 26% in maize straw, while 20% lignin degradation was observed when purified and recombinant laccase was used. Further investigations into in vitro dry matter digestibility studies gave promising results recording digestibility of 54–59% in finger millet straw 33–36% in paddy straw and wheat straw, 16% in maize straw for laccase obtained from cell immobilization method, whereas 14% digestibility was observed when purified and recombinant laccase was used. Sorghum stover recorded digestibility of 13–15% across all straws treated with laccase. The results obtained elucidated the positive influence of laccase treatment on lignin degradation and in vitro dry matter digestibility. The present research gave encouraging figures confirming the production of laccase using the cell immobilization method to be an efficient production method commensurate with purified and recombinant laccase under conditions of submerged cultivation, proclaiming a cost-effective, environmentally safe green technology for effectual lignin depolymerization.
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Yang JC, Guevara-Oquendo VH, Christensen D, Lardner HB, Refat B, Rodríguez Espinosa ME, Yu P. Utilization of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes in fiber fermentation, degradation, and digestions and characteristics of whole legume faba bean and its plant silage. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:6114-6125. [PMID: 35152802 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2028126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This article aims to review recent progress and update on utilization of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes in fiber fermentation, degradation, and digestions and nutritive and anti-nutritional characteristics of whole legume faba bean and its silage. The study focused on strategies to improve the utilization and bioavailability of fiber through pre-treating exogenous fibrolytic enzymes. The review includes features of nutrition and anti-nutritional factors and environment impact, forage fiber fermentation, degradation and digestion, legume bean in various diets, use of exogenous enzyme and factor affecting enzyme action in fiber digestion as well as exogenous enzyme response. This review also provides very recent research on effects of fibrolytic enzyme on rumen degradation characteristics of dry matter and fiber of whole plant faba bean silage and effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme derived from trichoderma reesei on lactational performance, feeding behavior, rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows fed whole plant faba bean silage-based diet. This study provides an insight on nutritive and anti-nutritive characteristics of whole legume bean and its plant silage and utilization of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes in fiber fermentation, degradation, and digestions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Chieh Yang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Victor H Guevara-Oquendo
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - David Christensen
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Herbert Bart Lardner
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Basim Refat
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - María E Rodríguez Espinosa
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Peiqiang Yu
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Effects of king grass and sugarcane top in the absence or presence of exogenous enzymes on the growth performance and rumen microbiota diversity of goats. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:106. [PMID: 33417104 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the feasibility of sugarcane top (ST) application in the goat's diet was evaluated. A total of 20 goats were randomly divided into four groups. The dietary treatments were set as follows: animals were fed with king grass (KG), KG with exogenous enzymes (KGE), ST, and ST with exogenous enzymes (STE). The animals were given free access to feed and water. After 15 days of adaptation and 60 days of the experiment, the growth performance, plasma parameters, and rumen microbiota of goats were assessed. The results showed that the KG, ST, and exogenous enzyme supplement had no significant effects on the growth performance and plasma parameters. The diet affected the rumen microbiota diversity and structure, and the alpha and beta diversity in the animals fed with ST were dramatically greater compared with the animals fed with KG. The abundances of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Elusimicrobia were significantly decreased in the animals fed with KG or KGE, while the abundances of Firmicutes and Euryarchaeota were significantly higher in the animals fed with KG or KGE. Furthermore, the microbial communities were also different at the genus level. Moreover, the exogenous enzymes had a slight effect on rumen microbiota. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis showed that the greatest differences were found in bacterial taxa, and these specific taxa could be used as biomarkers to distinguish rumen microbiota. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) functional profile prediction indicated that the dietary treatments of ST and KG could also alter the gene expression pattern in nutrient and energy metabolism, as well as replication and repair of genetic information pathways. Collectively, the dietary treatments of KG and ST in the absence or presence of exogenous enzymes had similar effects on the growth performance and plasma parameters of goats. Besides, the KG and ST diets could affect the rumen microbiota community and function of goats. Therefore, ST could be used as a promising alternative feed resource for ruminants without the addition of exogenous enzymes in tropical regions.
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Wang H, Li G, Zhong C, Mo J, Sun Y, Shi J, Zhou R, Li Z, Wu Z, Liu D, Zhang X. Generation of Multi-Transgenic Pigs Using PiggyBac Transposons Co-expressing Pectinase, Xylanase, Cellulase, β-1.3-1.4-Glucanase and Phytase. Front Genet 2020; 11:597841. [PMID: 33329743 PMCID: PMC7734351 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.597841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current challenges facing the pork industry are to maximize feed efficiency and minimize fecal emissions. Unlike ruminants, pigs lack several digestive enzymes such as pectinase, xylanase, cellulase, β-1.3-1.4-glucanase, and phytase which are essential to hydrolyze the cell walls of grains to release endocellular nutrients into their digestive tracts. Herein, we synthesized multiple cellulase and pectinase genes derived from lower organisms and then codon-optimized these genes to be expressed in pigs. These genes were then cloned into our previously optimized XynB (xylanase)- EsAPPA (phytase) bicistronic construct. We then successfully generated transgenic pigs that expressed the four enzymes [Pg7fn (pectinase), XynB (xylanase), EsAPPA (phytase), and TeEGI (cellulase and β-glucanase)] using somatic cell cloning. The expression of these genes was parotid gland specific. Enzymatic assays using the saliva of these founders demonstrated high levels of phytase (2.0∼3.4 U/mL) and xylanase (0.25∼0.42 U/mL) activities, but low levels of pectinase (0.06∼0.08 U/mL) activity. These multi-transgenic pigs are expected to contribute to enhance feed utilization and reduce environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoling Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuili Zhong
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Jianxin Mo
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Junsong Shi
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Zicong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu, China
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Effect of treating olive cake with fibrolytic enzymes on feed intake, digestibility and performance in growing lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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SHAKYA JYOTI, BALHARA AK, DAHIYA SS, LAILER PC, SINGH INDERJEET. Improved dairy production through enzyme supplementation. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v89i10.94995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The rumen ecosystem has the ability to transform low grade nutrients to high quality products owing to the numerous micro-flora colonies it harbours which produce different types of degrading enzymes. It has been assumed that normal rumen flora is able to digest only a small portion of the cellulosic biomass enteric rumen. This provides numerous opportunities for improving digestion via enhancing digestibility through degradation pathways in rumen. The modern animal nutrition science has utilized this knowledge to commercially harness enzymes for improving nutrient availability for production enhancement. Broadly categorized as fibrolytic, proteolytic and amylolytic, these enzymes act synergistically with the naturally available enzymes in rumen. Enzyme supplementations improve the digestibility of fibre and increase nutrient absorption and energy availability for production activities across physiological status of the animal. This review summaries response of large lactating ruminants to the external enzyme (in vivo) supplementation in terms of actual milk production, milk composition, body weights, dry matter intake and digestibility of nutrients, as well as to assess the economic benefit in terms of additional expenses incurred and benefit derived with increase in milk production.
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Saleem AM, Ribeiro GO, Sanderson H, Alipour D, Brand T, Hünerberg M, Yang WZ, Santos LV, McAllister TA. Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes and ammonia fiber expansion on the fermentation of wheat straw in an artificial rumen system (RUSITEC)1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:3535-3549. [PMID: 31260526 PMCID: PMC6667240 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of treatment of wheat straw using ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (Viscozyme) on fiber digestibility, rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, and microbial populations in an artificial rumen system [Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC)]. Four treatments were assigned to 16 vessels (4 per treatment) in 2 RUSITEC apparatuses in a randomized block design. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial using untreated or AFEX-treated wheat straw with or without exogenous fibrolytic enzymes [0 or 500 μg of protein/g straw dry matter (DM)]. Fibrolytic enzymes were applied to straw, prior to sealing in nylon bags. The concentrate mixture was provided in a separate bag within each fermentation vessel. The RUSITECs were adapted for 8 d and disappearance of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and crude protein (CP) was measured after 48 h of incubation. Ammonia fiber expansion increased (P < 0.01) the disappearance of wheat straw DM (69.6 vs. 38.3%), NDF (65.6 vs. 36.8%), ADF (61.4 vs. 36.0%), and CP (68.3 vs. 24.0%). Total dietary DM, organic matter (OM), and NDF disappearance was also increased (P ≤ 0.05) by enzymes. Total microbial protein production was greater (P < 0.01) for AFEX-treated (72.9 mg/d) than untreated straw (63.1 mg/d). Total gas and methane (CH4) production (P < 0.01) were also greater for AFEX-treated wheat straw than untreated straw, with a tendency for total gas to increase (P = 0.06) with enzymes. Ammonia fiber expansion increased (P < 0.01) total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and the molar proportion of propionate, while it decreased (P < 0.01) acetate and the acetate-to-propionate ratio. The AFEX-treated straw had lower relative quantities of fungi, methanogens, and Fibrobacter succinogenes (P < 0.01) and fewer protozoa (P < 0.01) compared to untreated straw. The pH of fermenters fed AFEX-treated straw was lower (P < 0.01) than those fed untreated straw. Both AFEX (P < 0.01) and enzymes (P = 0.02) decreased xylanase activity. There was an enzyme × straw interaction (P = 0.02) for endoglucanase activity. Enzymes increased endoglucanase activity of AFEX-treated wheat straw, but had no effect on untreated straw. The addition of enzymes lowered the relative abundance of Ruminococcus flavefaciens, but increased F. succinogenes. These results indicate that AFEX increased the ruminal disappearance of wheat straw and improved fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in the RUSITEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atef M Saleem
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Gabriel O Ribeiro
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Haley Sanderson
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Daryoush Alipour
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-AliSina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Tassilo Brand
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ruminant Nutrition, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Hünerberg
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ruminant Nutrition, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wenzhu Z Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Laize V Santos
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
- Department of Agricultural Science, State University of Southwestern of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Tim A McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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Tirado-González DN, Miranda-Romero LA, Ruíz-Flores A, Medina-Cuéllar SE, Ramírez-Valverde R, Tirado-Estrada G. Meta-analysis: effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes in ruminant diets. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2017.1399135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deli Nazmín Tirado-González
- Posgrado en Producción Animal (PPA), Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, México, CP, Mexico
| | - Luis Alberto Miranda-Romero
- Posgrado en Producción Animal (PPA), Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, México, CP, Mexico
| | - Agustín Ruíz-Flores
- Posgrado en Producción Animal (PPA), Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, México, CP, Mexico
| | | | - Rodolfo Ramírez-Valverde
- Posgrado en Producción Animal (PPA), Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, México, CP, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Tirado-Estrada
- Instituto Tecnológico El Llano Aguascalientes (ITEL), Aguascalientes, México, CP, Mexico
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Tewoldebrhan TA, Appuhamy JADRN, Lee JJ, Niu M, Seo S, Jeong S, Kebreab E. Exogenous β-mannanase improves feed conversion efficiency and reduces somatic cell count in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2016; 100:244-252. [PMID: 28341045 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes have been shown to be a promising way to improve feed conversion efficiency (FCE). β-Mannanase is an important enzyme digesting the polysaccharide β-mannan in hemicellulose. Supplementation of diets with β-mannanase to improve FCE has been more extensively studied in nonruminants than in ruminants. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of β-mannanase supplementation on nutrient digestibility, FCE, and nitrogen utilization in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Twelve post-peak-lactation multiparous Holstein cows producing 45.5±6.6kg/d of milk at 116±19.0d in milk were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 treatments in a 3×3 Latin square design with 3 periods of 18d (15d for adaptation plus 3d for sample collection). All cows were fed the same basal diet and the 3 treatments differed only by the β-mannanase dose: 0% dry matter (DM; control), 0.1% of DM (low supplement, LS), and 0.2% of DM (high supplement, HS) supplemented to the basal diet. Supplementation of β-mannanase enzyme at the LS dose reduced dry matter intake (DMI) but did not affect milk yield or milk composition. Cows receiving LS produced 90g more milk per kg of DMI compared with control cows. Somatic cell count (SCC) in milk was lower for cows fed the LS diet compared with cows fed control diets. Cows fed LS diet had lower DM, organic matter and crude protein digestibility compared with cows fed control diets. Starch, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber digestibility were not affected by LS. Milk yield, DMI, SCC, and nutrient digestibility did not change for HS. Despite the reduced crude protein digestibility, reduced N intake led to similar fecal N excretions in LS cows and control cows (234 vs. 235g/cow per day). Urinary N excretions remained similar between enzyme-fed and control cows (~190g/cow per day), although the percentage of N intake partitioned to urinary N tended to be greater in LS than in control cows (31 vs. 27%). Cows fed LS significantly improved the percentage of apparently absorbed N partitioned to milk protein N (42 vs. 38%). When supplemented at 0.1% of dietary DM, β-mannanase can improve FCE and lower the SCC of dairy cows without affecting milk yield, milk composition, or total manure N excretions of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Tewoldebrhan
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616
| | | | - J-J Lee
- CTCBio Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea 05842
| | - M Niu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616
| | - S Seo
- Department of Animal Biosystem Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jeong
- Department of Animal Biosystem Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - E Kebreab
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616.
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López-Aguirre D, Hernández-Meléndez J, Rojo R, Sánchez-Dávila F, López-Villalobos N, Salem AFZM, Vázquez-Armijo JF, Ruíz S, Joaquin S. In vitro gas production kinetics and degradability of a diet for growing lambs: effect of fibrolytic enzyme products at different dose levels. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2016.1209088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel López-Aguirre
- Centro Universitario, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Temascaltepec, Mexico
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Mexico
| | | | - Rolando Rojo
- Centro Universitario, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Temascaltepec, Mexico
| | | | - Nicolás López-Villalobos
- Centro Universitario, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Temascaltepec, Mexico
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Abdel-Fattah Z. M. Salem
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca, Mexico
| | | | - Salomón Ruíz
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Mexico
| | - Santiago Joaquin
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Mexico
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