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Keeratikunakorn K, Kaewchomphunuch T, Kaeoket K, Ngamwongsatit N. Antimicrobial activity of cell free supernatants from probiotics inhibits against pathogenic bacteria isolated from fresh boar semen. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5995. [PMID: 37046067 PMCID: PMC10097705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of antibiotics with semen extender appears to be a practical solution to minimise bacterial growth in fresh boar semen preservation. Unfortunately, the excessive use of antibiotics promotes antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This becomes a worldwide concern due to the antimicrobial resistance genes transmitted to animals, environment, and humans. Probiotics are one of the alternative methods to reduce antibiotic use. They could inhibit pathogenic bacteria by producing antimicrobial substances in cell free supernatants (CFS). Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive study undertaken on inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria isolated from boar semen origin. Our study investigated the efficacy of CFS produced from selected probiotics: Bacillus spp., Enterococcus spp., Weissella spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Pediococcus spp. inhibiting pathogenic bacteria isolated from fresh boar semen. Besides, the semen-origin pathogenic bacteria are subjected to identification, antimicrobial resistance genes detection, and antibiotic susceptibility test (AST). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis are the most common pathogens identified in boar semen with resistance to numerous antibiotics used in pig industry. The CFS with its antimicrobial peptides and/or bacteriocin constituent derived from selected probiotics could inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria carrying antimicrobial resistance genes (mcr-3 and int1 genes). The inhibition zones for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus mirabilis provided more efficient results in the CFS derived from Lactobacillus spp. and Pediococcus spp. than those of the CFS produced from Enterococcus spp., Weissella spp. and Bacillus spp., respectively. It is worth noted that as the incubation time increased, the antibacterial activity decreased conversely. Our results on CFS with its antimicrobial peptides and/or bacteriocin constituent inhibits semen-origin pathogenic bacteria guide the direction as a promising alternative method used in the semen extender preservation of the pig industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krittika Keeratikunakorn
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Thotsapol Kaewchomphunuch
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Kampon Kaeoket
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Natharin Ngamwongsatit
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
- Laboratory of Bacteria, Veterinary Diagnostic Center, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd., Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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Cheng H, Jiang H, Fang J, Zhu C. Antibiotic Resistance and Characteristics of Integrons in Escherichia coli Isolated from Penaeus vannamei at a Freshwater Shrimp Farm in Zhejiang Province, China. J Food Prot 2019; 82:470-478. [PMID: 30806555 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Our study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles, integrons and their associated gene cassettes (GCs), and insertion sequence common regions of Escherichia coli isolates from Penaeus vannamei collected at a large-scale freshwater shrimp farm in Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. A total of 182 E. coli isolates were identified from 200 samples. With the exception of imipenem, isolates were most commonly resistant to β-lactams, followed by tetracylines and sulfonamides. Fifty-two (28.6%) E. coli isolates were classified as multidrug resistant, and the patterns were highly diverse, with 29 types represented. The multiple-antibiotic resistance indices of the isolates were 0.17 to 0.56; 9.3% (17) of the 182 isolates were positive for class 1 integrons, 0.5% (1 isolate) was positive for class 2 integrons, and an insertion sequence common region 1 element was found upstream of the intI1 (integrase) gene in one of the intI1-positive isolates. Four GC arrays were detected in class 1 integrons, and one GC array was detected in class 2 integrons. Although the overall prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in P. vannamei was lower than that previously reported for poultry and livestock farms in China, concerns about the inappropriate use of antibiotics and the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in aquaculture were raised. Alternative approaches to reducing or replacing the use of antibiotics should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
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Antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli in the reproductive tract microbiota of cows and sows. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 55:13-19. [PMID: 29127989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a natural colonizer of the urogenital mucosa of healthy females; however it is one of the pathogens associated to reproductive failures in cows and sows. A better knowledge about the characteristics of native E. coli will allow us to differentiate them from pathogenic strains. Ninety autochthonous isolates from the reproductive tract of sows and cows were characterized to determine the phylogenetic profile, antibiotic resistance and virulence factors; also, comparisons between different breeding systems were performed. Vaginal colonization of E. coli was statistically higher in cows (57.5%) than sows (23.8%), and most isolates belonged to the phylogenetic group A: 79.69 and 80.77%, respectively; moreover phylo-groups B1 (12.5 and 11.54%) and D (7.81 and 7.69%) were significantly lower; however, none was classified as B2. Positive associations between virulence factors and group D were found. Isolates with antimicrobial susceptibility were associated with group A and the MDR (Multiple Drug Resistance) was related to the porcine source. These results contribute to the knowledge of extra-intestinal E. coli populations; which could affect the reproductive performance of females.
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Moredo FA, Piñeyro PE, Márquez GC, Sanz M, Colello R, Etcheverría A, Padola NL, Quiroga MA, Perfumo CJ, Galli L, Leotta GA. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Subclinical Infection in Pigs: Bacteriological and Genotypic Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015. [PMID: 26217917 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2015.1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the major pathogen responsible for neonatal diarrhea, postweaning diarrhea, and edema disease in pigs. Although it can be harmless, ETEC is also present in the intestines of other animal species and humans, causing occasional diarrhea outbreaks. The evaluation of this pathogen's presence in food sources is becoming an increasingly important issue in human health. In order to determine the prevalence of ETEC in nondiarrheic pigs, 990 animals from 11 pig farms were sampled. Using end-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), eltA, estI genes, or both, were detected in 150 (15.2%) animals. From the positive samples, 40 (26.6%) ETEC strains were isolated, showing 19 antibiotic-resistance patterns; 52.5% of these strains had multiple antibiotic resistances, and 17.5% carried the intI2 gene. The most prevalent genotypes were rfb(O157)/estII/aidA (32.5%) and estI/estII (25.0%). The estII gene was identified most frequently (97.5%), followed by estI (37.5%), astA (20.0%), and eltA (12.5%). The genes coding the fimbriae F5, F6, and F18 were detected in three single isolates. The aidA gene was detected in 20 ETEC strains associated with the estII gene. Among the isolated ETEC strains, stx(2e)/estI, stx(2e)/estI/estII, and stx(2e)/estI/estII/intI2 genotypes were identified. The ETEC belonged to 12 different serogroups; 37.5% of them belonged to serotype O157:H19. Isolates were grouped by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR into 5 clusters with 100.0% similarity. In this study, we demonstrated that numerous ETEC genotypes cohabit and circulate in swine populations without clinical manifestation of neonatal diarrhea, postweaning diarrhea, or edema disease in different production stages. The information generated is important not only for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes, but also for understanding the dynamics and ecology of ETEC in pigs in different production stages that can be potentially transmitted to humans from food animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana A Moredo
- 1 Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo E Piñeyro
- 2 Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa
| | - Gabriela C Márquez
- 3 Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Marcelo Sanz
- 4 Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología , CIVETAN-CONICET/CIC/FCV-UNCPBA, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rocío Colello
- 4 Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología , CIVETAN-CONICET/CIC/FCV-UNCPBA, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Etcheverría
- 4 Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología , CIVETAN-CONICET/CIC/FCV-UNCPBA, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora L Padola
- 4 Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología , CIVETAN-CONICET/CIC/FCV-UNCPBA, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María A Quiroga
- 5 Instituto de Patología Dr. B. Epstein, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos J Perfumo
- 5 Instituto de Patología Dr. B. Epstein, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Galli
- 6 Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing Fernando Noel Dulout ," CCT-La Plata, CONICET, FCV-UNLP, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo A Leotta
- 6 Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing Fernando Noel Dulout ," CCT-La Plata, CONICET, FCV-UNLP, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mazurek J, Bok E, Stosik M, Baldy-Chudzik K. Antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from pigs during metaphylactic trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole treatment and in the post-exposure period. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:2150-63. [PMID: 25689993 PMCID: PMC4344717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120202150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of trimethoprim (TMP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) resistance in commensal E. coli from pigs was tested in this study. E. coli was derived from three groups of piglets in successive stages of metaphylactic therapy and from two groups of sows 10 and 18 weeks after the treatment. MIC values of TMP and SMX were determined for a total of 352 strains. The presence of resistance genes (dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12, dfrA17, sul1, sul2, sul3) and class 1 and 2 integron-associated dfrA gene cassettes was tested. Resistance to TMP was very high during the administration of the antimicrobial (from 97 to 100%) and amounted to 86% and 69% in the post-exposure period; MIC > 32 mg/L. The isolates from all groups of pigs were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, with MIC > 1028 mg/L. The dfrA1 and sul1 genes (as part of integrons) dominated in E. coli from piglets, but the dfrA12 and sul1 genes were prevalent in E. coli from sows. Coexistence of the different dfrA genes was detected in 71 isolates from all groups of swine. Transcription analysis revealed that most of these genes were not transcribed, particularly gene cassettes of class 1 integrons. The research revealed a high level of resistance associated with the metaphylactic treatment, persistence and circulation of resistance in bacterial populations. Diverse genetic background with multiple and not transcribed resistance genes was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mazurek
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Monte Cassino 21b, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Ewa Bok
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Monte Cassino 21b, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Michał Stosik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Monte Cassino 21b, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Baldy-Chudzik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Monte Cassino 21b, 65-561 Zielona Góra, Poland.
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Minamoto Y, Otoni CC, Steelman SM, Büyükleblebici O, Steiner JM, Jergens AE, Suchodolski JS. Alteration of the fecal microbiota and serum metabolite profiles in dogs with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. Gut Microbes 2015; 6:33-47. [PMID: 25531678 PMCID: PMC4615558 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2014.997612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common cause of chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disease in dogs. The combination of an underlying host genetic susceptibility, an intestinal dysbiosis, and dietary/environmental factors are suspected as main contributing factors in the pathogenesis of canine IBD. However, actual mechanisms of the host-microbe interactions remain elusive. The aim of this study was to compare the fecal microbiota and serum metabolite profiles between healthy dogs (n = 10) and dogs with IBD before and after 3 weeks of medical therapy (n = 12). Fecal microbiota and metabolite profiles were characterized by 454-pyrosequencing of 16 S rRNA genes and by an untargeted metabolomics approach, respectively. Significantly lower bacterial diversity and distinct microbial communities were observed in dogs with IBD compared to the healthy control dogs. While Gammaproteobacteria were overrepresented, Erysipelotrichia, Clostridia, and Bacteroidia were underrepresented in dogs with IBD. The functional gene content was predicted from the 16 S rRNA gene data using PICRUSt, and revealed overrepresented bacterial secretion system and transcription factors, and underrepresented amino acid metabolism in dogs with IBD. The serum metabolites 3-hydroxybutyrate, hexuronic acid, ribose, and gluconic acid lactone were significantly more abundant in dogs with IBD. Although a clinical improvement was observed after medical therapy in all dogs with IBD, this was not accompanied by significant changes in the fecal microbiota or in serum metabolite profiles. These results suggest the presence of oxidative stress and a functional alteration of the GI microbiota in dogs with IBD, which persisted even in the face of a clinical response to medical therapy.
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Key Words
- 16 S rRNA, 16 S ribosomal RNA
- ANOSIM, analysis of similarities
- CIBDAI, canine IBD activity index
- FDR, false discovery rate
- Faecalibacterium
- GC-TOF/MS, gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry
- GI, gastrointestinal
- IBD
- IBD, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- LEfSe, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PCoA, principal coordinates analysis
- PICRUSt, Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States
- ROC, receiver operating characteristic
- dog
- dysbiosis
- feces
- metabolomics
- microbiome
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Minamoto
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory; Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station, TX USA
| | - Cristiane C Otoni
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames, IA USA
| | - Samantha M Steelman
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station, TX USA
| | - Olga Büyükleblebici
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Veterinary Medicine; Aksaray University; Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Jörg M Steiner
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory; Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station, TX USA
| | - Albert E Jergens
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames, IA USA
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory; Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station, TX USA,Correspondence to: Jan S. Suchodolski;
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de la Torre E, Colello R, Fernández D, Etcheverría A, Conza JD, Gutkind GO, Tapia MO, Dieguez SN, Soraci AL, Padola NL. Multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli carrying integrons isolated from a pig farm with moderate antibiotic use. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2015; 61:270-3. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.61.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eulalia de la Torre
- Área de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Campus Universitario
| | - Rocío Colello
- Área de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario
| | - Daniel Fernández
- Área de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario
| | - Analía Etcheverría
- Área de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario
| | - José Di Conza
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)
- Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral
| | - Gabriel O. Gutkind
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, UBA
- Hospital de Clínicas de la UBA “José de San Martín”
| | - María Ofelia Tapia
- Área de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Campus Universitario
| | - Susana N. Dieguez
- Área de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Campus Universitario
| | - Alejandro Luis Soraci
- Área de Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica - Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Campus Universitario
| | - Nora Lía Padola
- Área de Inmunoquímica y Biotecnología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva (SAMP), CIVETAN-CONICET-CICPBA, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Campus Universitario
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