1
|
Wang T, Zhu Y, Zhu W, Cao M, Wei Q. Molecular characterization of class 1 integrons in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales isolates. Microb Pathog 2023; 177:106051. [PMID: 36858185 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infections result in higher treatment costs and mortality rates. Integrons play important roles in emergence and spread of antibiotic resistant genes. To get a better understand on the effects of integron on CRE resistance, distribution of common carbapenemase genes and class 1 integron in clinical CRE isolates were investigated. METHOD Carbapenemase genes, including blaKPC, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaNDM, blaGES, blaVEB and blaOXA-23, were screened in 161 CRE isolates and subtypes of these genes were confirmed through sequence analysis. Class 1 integron was screened and common promoter and gene cassette arrays were determined by sequencing. The resistant rates to clinical commonly used antibiotics between integron positive and integron negative CRE isolates were compared. RESULTS Of 161 CRE isolates, the most prevalent carbapenemase gene was blaKPC-2, which was detected in 139 isolates, including 99 Klebsiella pneumoniae. Class 1 integron was detected in 78 isolates. Twenty different gene cassettes, including two carbapenemase genes blaVEB-1 and blaIMP-4, and nine different gene cassette arrays, including blaVEB-1-aadB-arr-2-cmlA5-blaOXA-10-aadA1, aadB-catB8-blaOXA-10-aadA1-dfrA1-aacA4 and blaIMP-4-qacG-aacA4-catB3, were detected. Five types of common promoters were identified. Relative weak promoter PcH1 was the dominant type. Resistant rates of CRE isolates containing class 1 integrons to ceftazidime, amikacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin were higher than those without class 1 integrons (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Class 1 integrons play important roles in the emergence and spread of CRE resistance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of aadB-catB8-blaOXA-10-aadA1-dfrA1-aacA4 and blaIMP-4-qacG-aacA4-catB3 in the same Providencia rettgeri isolate and blaVEB-1-aadB-arr-2-cmlA5-blaOXA-10-aadA1 in P. rettgeri.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Wenwen Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Mei Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Quhao Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun W, Wang D, Yan S, Xue Y. Characterization of Escherichia coli strains isolated from geese by detection of integron-mediated antimicrobial resistance. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022; 31:10-14. [PMID: 36031063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Current research shows that the resistance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) is mainly related to integron gene cassettes. To assess the resistance of E. coli of goose origin and the carriage of its integron genes in four farms in Heilongjiang Province, antibiotic resistance phenotypes and the presence of various types of integrons were investigated. METHODS In this study, test strains were sampled and isolated from the farms, and 109 test strains were tested for drug sensitivity of 15 different antimicrobial drugs by the Kb disc diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect E. coli in three types of integrase genes (intI1, intI2, and intI3) and for sequencing analysis of the class I integron gene cassette. RESULTS Susceptibility test results show that more than 70% of tested strains exhibit resistant phenotypes to ampicillin, amoxicillin, imipenem, tetracycline, and doxycycline. The detection rate of class I integrons was 68.91%, while class II integrons and class III integrons were not detected. The detection rate of class I integrin gene cassette was 7.42%. Sequence analysis showed that strains carried different integron gene cassettes: dfrA17-aadA5, dfrA1-aadA1, dfrA27-arr-3, and aminoglycoside 3''-nucleotidyltransferase. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the detection rate of class I integrons is highly correlated with their drug resistance. Class I integrons provide a valuable guide to studying the spread and the expression of resistance genes and thus finding effective measures to prevent bacterial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Sun
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Harbin, China
| | - Dongyang Wang
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Yan
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Northeast Forestry University, College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu M, Liu J, Ma J, Li W, Zhao X, Jia W, Li S. Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Gene Cassettes from class 1 Integrons in Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli strains. Microb Pathog 2022; 170:105669. [PMID: 35809754 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of class 1 integrons and their variable regional molecular characteristics, as well as the diversity of promoter and drug sensitivity of CR-Eco (carbapenem-resistant E. coli) strains. METHOD A total of 117 CR-Eco strains, collected between 2012.01 and 2019.12, underwent fully automated bacterial identification and sensitization using VITEK-2 Compact and supplemented by K-B assay. PCR was employed to screen for class 1 integrase genes and integron variable regions, while the promoter type and variable region gene cassette characteristics were determined by sequencing analysis. RESULTS The positive rate of the class 1 integron of the CR-Eco strains was 83.70% (92/117) herein. Moreover, class 1 integrase-positive strains exhibited statistically significant resistance to aztreonam, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, meropenem, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared to integron-negative strains (P < 0.05). Variable regions were observed in 77 of the 92 class 1 integrase-positive strains. In addition, seven gene cassettes were detected, namely dfrA17-aadA5, aadA22, dfrA12-aadA2, dfrA12, dfrA17, dfrA27 and aadA. Finally, five types of class 1 integron variable region promoters were identified in those 77 strains, including PcW, PcH1, PcWTGN-10, PcH1TGN-10, and P2, which were detected in 48, 18, 8, 2, and 1 strains, respectively. CONCLUSION The primary integrator variable region gene cassettes of this class were dfrA and aadA. The integron-positive strains displayed simultaneous high resistance to multiple antimicrobial drugs. The integrator variable region promoters of the CR-Eco strains are primarily weak and can potentially form and spread drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Liu
- Clinical Laboratory of Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Clinical Laboratory of Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, China.
| | - Jie Ma
- Clinical Laboratory of Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, China.
| | - Wanxiang Li
- Clinical Laboratory of Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, China.
| | - Xue Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory of Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, China.
| | - Wei Jia
- Clinical Laboratory of Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, China.
| | - Shirong Li
- Clinical Laboratory of Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang, Shandong Province, 261041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang S, Chen S, Abbas M, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Zhu D, Zhao X, Wu Y, Yang Q, Huan J, Ou X, Mao S, Gao Q, Sun D, Tian B, Cheng A. High incidence of multi-drug resistance and heterogeneity of mobile genetic elements in Escherichia coli isolates from diseased ducks in Sichuan province of China. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 222:112475. [PMID: 34243112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Harmonious ecological environment is a major concern with rising feeding and consumption of ducks, as these waterfowl birds can promote the spread of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs). Therefore, this study was conducted to know diversity of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), integrons, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from intestinal contents or pericardial effusion of diseased ducks from 2018 to 2020 in Sichuan, China. The AMR phenotype was determined via disk diffusion test in 165 E. coli isolates. Further, the integrase genes of integron (intI1, intI2 and intI3 genes), gene cassettes (GCs) and MGEs were screened by PCR and sequencing. The results indicated 100% isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 98.8% were multidrug-resistant strains. Highest AMR phenotype was recorded to rifampin (97.0%) followed by ampicillin (95.8%), chloramphenicol (89.7%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (84.2%), ciprofloxacin (83.0%), cefotaxime (80.0%), streptomycin (75.8%), doxycycline (49.7%), amikacin (10.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (3.6%), polymyxin B (1.2%) and ertapenem (0.6%). Further, class 1 and 2 integrons were found in 87.3% and 17.6% isolates, respectively. All isolates were negative for intI3 gene. The variable region of class 1 and 2 integrons contained total 13 different GCs, including arr-3+dfrA27, dfrA1+aadA1, dfrA17+aadA5, dfrA12, dfrA1+sat2+aadA1, dfrA12+aadA2, dfrA5, aadA2+ere(A)+dfrA32, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA22, aadA5, dfrA17, and dfrA27. Moreover, 13 MGEs in 69 different combinations were observed with predominance of IS26 followed by tnpA/Tn21, trbC, ISEcp1, merA, ISAba1, tnsA, tnsB, tnsC, IS1133, tnsD, ISCR3/14, and tnsE. Thus, the monitoring of integrons, MGEs and ARGs is important to understand the complex mechanism of AMR, which might help to introduce interventions for prevention and control of AMR in duck farms in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaqiu Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Shuling Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Livestock and Dairy Development Department Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Juan Huan
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Sai Mao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qun Gao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Di Sun
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Bin Tian
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nikibakhsh M, Firoozeh F, Badmasti F, Kabir K, Zibaei M. Molecular study of metallo-β-lactamases and integrons in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from burn patients. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:782. [PMID: 34372787 PMCID: PMC8353788 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06513-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Productions of metallo-β-lactamases enzymes are the most common mechanism of antibiotic resistance to all beta-lactam classes (except monobactams) in Acinetobacter baumannii. MBLs are usually associated with gene cassettes of integrons and spread easily among bacteria. The current study was performed to detect the genes encoding MBLs and integron structures in A. baumannii isolates from burn patients. METHODS This study was performed on 106 non-duplicate A. baumannii isolates from burn patients referred to Shahid Motahari Hospital in Tehran. Antibiotic susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates was performed using disk diffusion and broth microdilution method in accordance with the CLSI guidelines. The presence of class 1 integron and associated gene cassettes as well as MBLs-encoding genes including blaVIM, and blaIMP were investigated using PCR and sequencing techniques. RESULTS In this cross-sectional study all (100%) of the A. baumannii isolates examined were multidrug resistant. All isolates were sensitive to colistin and simultaneously all were resistant to imipenem. PCR assays showed the presence of blaVIM and blaIMP genes in 102 (96.2%) and 62 (58.5%) isolates of A. baumannii respectively. In addition, 62 (58.5%) of the A. baumannii isolates carried integron class 1, of which 49 (79.0%) were identified with at least one gene cassette. Three types of integron class 1 gene cassettes were identified including: arr2, cmlA5, qacE1 (2300 bp); arr-2, ereC, aadA1, cmlA7, qacE1 (4800 bp); and aac(3)-Ic, cmlA5 (2250 bp). CONCLUSION A high prevalence of MBLs genes, especially blaVIM, was identified in the studied MDR A. baumannii isolates. In addition, most of the strains carried class 1 integrons. Furthermore, the gene cassettes arrays of integrons including cmlA5 and cmlA7 were detected, for the first time, in A. baumannii strains in Iran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Nikibakhsh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 3149779453, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Firoozeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 3149779453, Karaj, Iran. .,Evidence-Based Phytotherapy and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Farzad Badmasti
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kourosh Kabir
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zibaei
- Evidence-Based Phytotherapy and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kalantari M, Sharifiyazdi H, Asasi K, Abdi-Hachesoo B. High incidence of multidrug resistance and class 1 and 2 integrons in Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in South of Iran. Vet Res Forum 2021; 12:101-107. [PMID: 33953880 PMCID: PMC8094138 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.96366.2309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the multidrug resistance and presence of class 1 and 2 integrons in 300 Escherichia coli isolates obtained from 20 broiler farms during three rearing periods (one-day-old chicks, thirty-day-old chickens, and one day before slaughter) in Fars, South Iran. Results showed that 81.00%, 82.00%, and 85.00% of isolates were multidrug-resistant on the first day, thirty-day-old chickens, and one day before slaughter, respectively. Multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates were further examined for the presence of class 1 and 2 integrons using PCR assay. The existence of class 1 integron-integrase gene (intI1) was confirmed in 68.40%, 72.70%, and 60.90% of multidrug-resistant isolates from stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3 of the rearing period, respectively. The frequency of class 2 integron-integrase gene (intI2) during the first to the third stage of sampling was 2.60%, 25.50%, and 30.40%. Also, sequence analysis of the cassette arrays within class 1 integron revealed the presence of the genes associated with resistance for trimethoprim (dfrA), streptomycin (aadA), erythromycin (ereA), and orfF genes. The results revealed that percentages of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli isolates were significantly higher in the middle and end stages of the rearing period. In conclusion, widespread dissemination of class 1 integrons in all three stages and rising trends of class 2 integrons existence in E. coli isolates during the rearing period of broiler chickens could exacerbate the spread of resistance factors among bacteria in the poultry industry. Future research is needed to clarify its implication for human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Kalantari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Sharifiyazdi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Keramat Asasi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahman Abdi-Hachesoo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yuan W, Zhang Y, Riaz L, Yang Q, Du B, Wang R. Multiple antibiotic resistance and DNA methylation in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from different environments. J Hazard Mater 2021; 402:123822. [PMID: 33254807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistant bacteria with diverse resistance phenotypes and genotypes are ubiquitous in the environments that have become a global health concern. The role of DNA methylation in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance among different environments is currently unclear. We recovered 646 Enterobacteriaceae (Eb) isolates from hospital, livestock manure, municipal wastewater-treatment plants, river sediment and soil for comprehensive analysis of resistance phenotypes, β-lactamase genes, integrons, integron-associated gene cassettes and the levels of DNA methylation. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that approximately 87.31 % isolates were multidrug resistant Eb. The β-lactamase genes were positively detected in 473 isolates with greater diversity in human or animal sourced Eb, while its prevalence was found to be highest in the Eb isolates from the natural environments. Forty-three gene cassettes (28 different types mediated by intI1) were detected in 53 (19.63 %) isolates, with greater diversity in Eb isolates from hospital and livestock manure. The multiple antibiotic resistance index of single strain was positively correlated with the 5-methylcytosine and showed a negative correlation with 6-methylademine. We conclude that the development of antibiotic resistance could possibly be coupled with DNA methylation, which might enhance the antimicrobial resistance and survival capacity of Eb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Luqman Riaz
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Qingxiang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Bingbing Du
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Ruifei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Singh T, Dar SA, Singh S, Shekhar C, Wani S, Akhter N, Bashir N, Haque S, Ahmad A, Das S. Integron mediated antimicrobial resistance in diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in children: in vitro and in silico analysis. Microb Pathog 2020; 150:104680. [PMID: 33301859 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The exchange of genes between bacterial chromosome and plasmid(s) and their integration into integrons are mainly responsible for acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. We investigated the role of integrons and their underlying molecular mechanisms leading to development of adaptability in E. coli and eventual resistance to antimicrobials. Escherichia coli isolates (n = 120); including 40 diarrheagenic isolates, an even number of isolates from cases other than diarrhea, and equal number of isolates from healthy children recovered from fresh stool samples were used for identification of integron genes and gene cassettes. The association of integrons with antibiotic resistance was assayed before phylogenetic analysis. DNA sequence analysis revealed class 1 and 2 integrons in 55.83% and 21.66% isolates, respectively. The integron presence was found significantly associated with the probability of antibiotic resistance in E. coli; the association being highest with class 1 integron. Modelling and molecular docking along with molecular dynamics simulation analyses found ceftriaxone and amoxicillin as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). The class 1 integrons of these pathogenic isolates can serve as prospective therapeutic targets using specific silencing strategies and combinational antimicrobial therapy. The findings may be useful for the development of a potent and versatile drug for DHFR inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taru Singh
- Epidemiology and Environmental Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India.
| | - Sajad A Dar
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Delhi, India; Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Chandra Shekhar
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
| | - Sayim Wani
- Department of Minimal Access and Bariatric Surgery, Fortis Flt. Rajan Dhall Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Naseem Akhter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasreena Bashir
- College of Applied Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shukla Das
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Buongermino Pereira M, Österlund T, Eriksson KM, Backhaus T, Axelson-Fisk M, Kristiansson E. A comprehensive survey of integron-associated genes present in metagenomes. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:495. [PMID: 32689930 PMCID: PMC7370490 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrons are genomic elements that mediate horizontal gene transfer by inserting and removing genetic material using site-specific recombination. Integrons are commonly found in bacterial genomes, where they maintain a large and diverse set of genes that plays an important role in adaptation and evolution. Previous studies have started to characterize the wide range of biological functions present in integrons. However, the efforts have so far mainly been limited to genomes from cultivable bacteria and amplicons generated by PCR, thus targeting only a small part of the total integron diversity. Metagenomic data, generated by direct sequencing of environmental and clinical samples, provides a more holistic and unbiased analysis of integron-associated genes. However, the fragmented nature of metagenomic data has previously made such analysis highly challenging. Results Here, we present a systematic survey of integron-associated genes in metagenomic data. The analysis was based on a newly developed computational method where integron-associated genes were identified by detecting their associated recombination sites. By processing contiguous sequences assembled from more than 10 terabases of metagenomic data, we were able to identify 13,397 unique integron-associated genes. Metagenomes from marine microbial communities had the highest occurrence of integron-associated genes with levels more than 100-fold higher than in the human microbiome. The identified genes had a large functional diversity spanning over several functional classes. Genes associated with defense mechanisms and mobility facilitators were most overrepresented and more than five times as common in integrons compared to other bacterial genes. As many as two thirds of the genes were found to encode proteins of unknown function. Less than 1% of the genes were associated with antibiotic resistance, of which several were novel, previously undescribed, resistance gene variants. Conclusions Our results highlight the large functional diversity maintained by integrons present in unculturable bacteria and significantly expands the number of described integron-associated genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Buongermino Pereira
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Österlund
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Martin Eriksson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Gothenburg Centre for Sustainable Development, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Backhaus
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marina Axelson-Fisk
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Kristiansson
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe) at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yuan W, Tian T, Yang Q, Riaz L. Transfer potentials of antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia spp. strains from different sources. Chemosphere 2020; 246:125736. [PMID: 31896018 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) present a danger to public health. However, information on the dissemination potentials of antibiotic resistance among bacteria from different environments is lacking. We isolated multiple antibiotic-resistant Escherichia spp. from animal farms, hospitals, and municipal wastewater-treatment plants (MWWTPs) using culture-based methods, and carried out resistance phenotype and gene analyses. Thirty-five isolates of multiple antibiotic-resistant Escherichia spp. were further screened to detect 61 ARGs, 18 mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and gene cassettes. The isolates from livestock manure and MWWTPs showed greater diversity in plasmid profiling than hospital wastewater. Each Escherichia sp. carried 21-26 ARGs and 8-12 MGEs. In addition, 11 gene cassettes were detected in 34 Escherichia isolates, with greater diversity in livestock manure and MWWTPs than in hospital wastewater. The results indicated that the potential for ARG transfer was higher in livestock manure and MWWTPs compared with human clinical sources, possibly related to the high occurrence of both residual antibiotics and heavy metals in these environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology (Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology), Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Tiantian Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Qingxiang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology (Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology), Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Luqman Riaz
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology (Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology), Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang S, Yang H, Rehman MU, Yang K, Dong M, Yang J, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Zhu D, Zhao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang L, Liu Y, Yu Y, Tian B, Pan L, Chen X, Cheng A. Class 1 integrons as predominant carriers in Escherichia coli isolates from waterfowls in Hainan, China. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 183:109514. [PMID: 31394374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of integrons and associated gene cassettes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from waterfowls in Hainan, China. The antimicrobial resistance profile of the isolates was examined by using disc diffusion test. In addition, PCR, RFLP, plasmid replicon typing and DNA sequencing analyses were used for the characterization of integrase genes (class 1, 2 and 3) and associated gene cassettes. Approximatively, 90% of the isolates were positive for the integrase genes by PCR. Specifically, class 1 and class 2 integrons were found in 252 (81%) and 7 (2.3%) strains, respectively. While 21 (6.7%) isolates were positive for both class 1 and class 2 integrons. However, none of the isolate was positive for the class 3 integrons. In addition, 5 various cassette arrays, dfrA1-orfC, aadA2, aadA1, dfrA1-aadA1, and dfrA1-orfC- aadA1, were found within the variable regions (VRs) of class 1 integron isolates. While only single cassette array, dfrA1-sat2- aadA1, was identified within VRs of class 2 integron isolates. We identified incF plasmid as the most common plasmid type, which was detected in 81 of 243 VRs containing isolates. This study is the first report showing the baseline characteristics of integrons in E. coli isolates from waterfowls in Hainan, China. Our results provide evidence of the waterfowl birds as a reservoir of class 1 and class 2 integrons carrying antibiotic resistance gene cassettes. Therefore, strict preventive measures should be taken to avoid the spread of mobile genetic resistance elements in waterfowls in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaqiu Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Kema Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China
| | - Mengyi Dong
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yunya Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Bin Tian
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Leichang Pan
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130,PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cheng H, Jiang H, Fang J, Zhu C. Antibiotic Resistance and Characteristics of Integrons in Escherichia coli Isolated from Penaeus vannamei at a Freshwater Shrimp Farm in Zhejiang Province, China. J Food Prot 2019; 82:470-478. [PMID: 30806555 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Our study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles, integrons and their associated gene cassettes (GCs), and insertion sequence common regions of Escherichia coli isolates from Penaeus vannamei collected at a large-scale freshwater shrimp farm in Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. A total of 182 E. coli isolates were identified from 200 samples. With the exception of imipenem, isolates were most commonly resistant to β-lactams, followed by tetracylines and sulfonamides. Fifty-two (28.6%) E. coli isolates were classified as multidrug resistant, and the patterns were highly diverse, with 29 types represented. The multiple-antibiotic resistance indices of the isolates were 0.17 to 0.56; 9.3% (17) of the 182 isolates were positive for class 1 integrons, 0.5% (1 isolate) was positive for class 2 integrons, and an insertion sequence common region 1 element was found upstream of the intI1 (integrase) gene in one of the intI1-positive isolates. Four GC arrays were detected in class 1 integrons, and one GC array was detected in class 2 integrons. Although the overall prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in P. vannamei was lower than that previously reported for poultry and livestock farms in China, concerns about the inappropriate use of antibiotics and the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in aquaculture were raised. Alternative approaches to reducing or replacing the use of antibiotics should be further studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li L, Zhao X. Characterization of the resistance class 1 integrons in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk of lactating dairy cattle in Northwestern China. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:59. [PMID: 29482565 PMCID: PMC5827992 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrons are mobile DNA elements and they have an important role in acquisition and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes. However, there are limited data available on integrons of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) from bovine mastitis, especially from Chinese dairy cows. To address this knowledge gap, bovine mastitis-inducing S. aureus isolates were investigated for the presence of integrons as well as characterization of gene cassettes. Integrons were detected using PCR reactions and then further characterized by a restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis and amplicon sequencing. Results All 121 S. aureus isolates carried the class 1 integrase gene intI1, with no intI2 and intI3 genes detected. One hundred and three isolates were positive for the presence of 12 resistance genes, either alone or in combination with other gene cassettes. These resistance genes encoded resistance to trimethoprim (dhfrV, dfrA1, dfrA12), aminoglycosides (aadA1, aadA5, aadA4, aadA24, aacA4, aadA2, aadB), chloramphenicol (cmlA6) and quaternary ammonium compound (qacH) and were organized into 11 different gene cassettes arrangements (A-K). The gene cassette arrays dfrA1-aadA1 (D, 44.6%), aadA2 (K, 31.4%), dfrA12-orfX2-aadA2 (G, 27.3%) and aadA1 (A, 25.6%) were most prevalent. Furthermore, 74 isolates contained combinations of 2 to 4 gene cassette arrays. Finally, all of the integron/cassettes-positive isolates were resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Conclusions This is the first study on the integrons and gene cassette arrays in S. aureus isolates from milk of mastitic cows from Northwestern China and provide the evidence for class 1 integron as possible antibiotic resistance determinants on dairy farms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longping Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, YangLing, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.,Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, People's Republic of China.,Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goat, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, YangLing, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Animal Science, McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lorestani RC, Akya A, Elahi A, Hamzavi Y. Gene cassettes of class I integron-associated with antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Citrobacter spp. with multidrug resistance. Iran J Microbiol 2018; 10:22-29. [PMID: 29922415 PMCID: PMC6004633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Integrons play a major role in the transmission and accumulation of resistance factors in multidrug resistant bacteria. This study was aimed to evaluate the gene cassettes of class I integron and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Citrobacter with multidrug resistance (MDR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety isolates of Citrobacter spp. were collected from the largest hospital in Kermanshah, Iran. Antimicrobial resistance patterns were determined using disc diffusion method. The class I integron were detected by PCR. The integrase positive isolates were further analyzed for the presence of gene cassettes using 5' and 3' conserved sequences (CSs) primers and PCR products were sequenced. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test. RESULTS Of 90 Citrobacter isolates, 46 (51.1%) were multidrug resistant. Class I integron and gene cassettes were determined in 30 isolates (65.2%). Gene cassettes were found which contained genes encoded resistance to aminoglycosides and trimethoprim and a putative gene. Gene cassettes of dfrA12-orfF-aadA2, dfrA1-aadA1, aadA1 and dfrA15-aadA2 were also found in Citrobacter isolates. CONCLUSION Our results indicate there is a high frequency of class I integron among multi-drug resistant strains of Citrobacter isolated from clinical settings. A high frequency of class I integron associated gene cassettes, in particular dfr and aadA, present in MDR strains of Citrobacter. This data indicates an important role of integrons in the creation and transmission of MDR strains in health care centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roya Chegene Lorestani
- Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alisha Akya
- Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,Corresponding author: Alisha Akya, PhD, Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Tel: +988334274618, Fax: +9883 34262252,
| | - Azam Elahi
- Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yazdan Hamzavi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen DQ, Jiang YT, Feng DH, Wen SX, Su DH, Yang L. Integron mediated bacterial resistance and virulence on clinical pathogens. Microb Pathog 2017; 114:453-457. [PMID: 29241766 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Integron was recognized as mobile elements responsible for the emergence and diffusion of antibiotic resistance, virulence and pathogenicity. The existence of resistant integron in pathogens may consequently lead to the increasing number of clinical failures in bacterial mediated diseases, as well as the expenses. In this study, a total of 22 clinical pathogens (including E. faecalis, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter, P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter) were subjected to the identification of class 1-class 3 integrons and drug resistant gene cassettes by high flux LAMP method. According to the results, the clinical isolates were screened as carrying class 1 integron with dfrA12-orfF-aadA2 cassette array, class 1 integron with dfrA17-aadA5 cassette array, class 1 integron with aadA2 cassette, class 1 integron with blaVIM2 cassette, class 1 and class 2 integron with dfrA1-sat1-aadA1 and dfrA12-orfF-aadA2 cassette arrays simultaneously, which was accordantly with the previous data. The optimized high flux LAMP assay was proceeded in water bath at 65 °C for 60 min and determined by naked eye, with the time consumption restricted within 2.5 h. Prior to conventional PCR method, the high flux LAMP assay was demonstrated as a highly-specific and highly-sensitive method. This study offered a valid LAMP method in resistance integrons detection for laboratory use, which was time-saving and easy-determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Qiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Centre for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yue-Ting Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Dong-Hua Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Centre for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shu-Xian Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Centre for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Dan-Hong Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Centre for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kaushik M, Kumar S, Kapoor RK, Virdi JS, Gulati P. Integrons in Enterobacteriaceae: diversity, distribution and epidemiology. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 51:167-76. [PMID: 29038087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Integrons are versatile gene acquisition systems that allow efficient capturing of exogenous genes and ensure their expression. Various classes of integrons possessing a wide variety of gene cassettes are ubiquitously distributed in enteric bacteria worldwide. The epidemiology of integrons associated multidrug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae is rapidly evolving. In the past two decades, the incidence of integrons in enteric bacteria has increased drastically with evolution of multiple gene cassettes, novel gene arrangements and complex chromosomal integrons such as Salmonella genomic islands. This review focuses on the distribution, versatility, spread and global trends of integrons among important members of the Enterobacteriaceae, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Shigella and Salmonella, which are known to cause infections globally. Such a comprehensive understanding of integron-associated antibiotic resistance, their role in the spread of such resistance traits and their clinical relevance especially with regard to each genus individually is paramount to contain the global spread of antibiotic resistance.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang Q, Tian T, Niu T, Wang P. Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance in cultivable multidrug-resistant bacteria from livestock manure. Environ Pollut 2017; 229:188-198. [PMID: 28599203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diverse antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) are frequently reported to have high prevalence in veterinary manure samples due to extensive use of antibiotics in farm animals. However, the characteristics of the distribution and transmission of ARGs among bacteria, especially among different species of multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria (MARB), have not been well explored. By applying high-throughput sequencing methods, our study uncovered a vast MARB reservoir in livestock manure. The genera Escherichia, Myroides, Acinetobacter, Proteus, Ignatzschineria, Alcaligenes, Providencia and Enterococcus were the predominant cultivable MARB, with compositions of 40.6%-85.7%. From chicken manure isolates, 33 MARB were selected for investigation of the molecular characteristics of antibiotic resistance. A total of 61 ARGs and 18 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were investigated. We found that 47 ARGs were widely distributed among the 33 MARB isolates. Each isolate carried 27-36 genes responsible for resistance to eight classes of antibiotics frequently used in clinic or veterinary settings. ARGs to the six classes of antibiotics other than streptogramins and vancomycin were present in all 33 MARB isolates with a prevalence of 80%-100%. A total of 12 MGEs were widely distributed among the 33 MARB, with intI1, IS26, ISaba1, and ISEcp1 simultaneously present in 100% of isolates. In addition, 9 gene cassettes within integrons and ISCR1 were detected among MARB isolates encoding resistance to different antibiotic classes. This is the first report revealing the general co-presence of multiple ARGs, various MGEs and ARG cassettes in different species of individual MARB isolates in chicken manure. The results highlight a much higher risk of ARGs spreading through livestock manure to humans than we expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Tiantian Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Tianqi Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Panliang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Partier A, Gay G, Tassy C, Beckert M, Feuillet C, Barret P. Molecular and FISH analyses of a 53-kbp intact DNA fragment inserted by biolistics in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genome. Plant Cell Rep 2017; 36:1547-1559. [PMID: 28667403 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A large, 53-kbp, intact DNA fragment was inserted into the wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) genome. FISH analyses of individual transgenic events revealed multiple insertions of intact fragments. Transferring large intact DNA fragments containing clusters of resistance genes or complete metabolic pathways into the wheat genome remains a challenge. In a previous work, we showed that the use of dephosphorylated cassettes for wheat transformation enabled the production of simple integration patterns. Here, we used the same technology to produce a cassette containing a 44-kb Arabidopsis thaliana BAC, flanked by one selection gene and one reporter gene. This 53-kb linear cassette was integrated in the bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genome by biolistic transformation. Our results showed that transgenic plants harboring the entire cassette were generated. The inheritability of the cassette was demonstrated in the T1 and T2 generation. Surprisingly, FISH analysis performed on T1 progeny of independent events identified double genomic insertions of intact fragments in non-homoeologous positions. Inheritability of these double insertions was demonstrated by FISH analysis of the T1 generation. Relative conclusions that can be drawn from molecular or FISH analysis are discussed along with future prospects of the engineering of large fragments for wheat transformation or genome editing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Partier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1095-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Génétique, Diversité et Écophysiologie des Céréales, Domaine de Crouël, 63039, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France
| | - G Gay
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1095-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Génétique, Diversité et Écophysiologie des Céréales, Domaine de Crouël, 63039, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France
| | - C Tassy
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1095-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Génétique, Diversité et Écophysiologie des Céréales, Domaine de Crouël, 63039, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France
| | - M Beckert
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1095-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Génétique, Diversité et Écophysiologie des Céréales, Domaine de Crouël, 63039, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France
| | - C Feuillet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1095-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Génétique, Diversité et Écophysiologie des Céréales, Domaine de Crouël, 63039, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France
| | - P Barret
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1095-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Génétique, Diversité et Écophysiologie des Céréales, Domaine de Crouël, 63039, Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rizk DE, El-Mahdy AM. Emergence of class 1 to 3 integrons among members of Enterobacteriaceae in Egypt. Microb Pathog 2017; 112:50-56. [PMID: 28942177 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In spite of the role of integrons as the main contributor to multidrug resistance worldwide, their prevalence in Egypt is still underestimated. In this work, we announce the emergence of class 2 and 3 integrons among Enterobacteriacae isolates from Mansoura University Hospitals. Ninety-three clinical isolates were obtained from different clinical sources, among which 70% of E. coli, 94.8% of K. pneumoniae and 85.7% of Enterobacter spp. were assigned to be multidrug resistant (MDR). Subsequently, the occurrence of class 1-3 integrons was confirmed by multiplex PCR. Class 1 integron was the most predominant being harbored by 42.8%, 90% and 25% of MDR E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Enterobacter spp. isolates, respectively. This was followed by class 2 and 3 integrons which were, for the first time, reported in these hospitals. Also, coexistence of integrons 1and 2 was revealed in 36.9% of integron positive isolates. A significant association was noticed only between resistance to gentamicin and integron prevalence among MDR E. coli isolates (P = 0.02). In conclusion, this work represents the first report for detection of class 2 and 3 integrons, beside the previously detected class 1 integrons. This highlights the high incidence of integrons among MDR Enterobacteriacae isolates which indicates the selective pressure of antibiotics in these hospitals. Moreover, this study confirms the possibility of the use of integrons as markers for MDR identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina E Rizk
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Areej M El-Mahdy
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Barrantes K, Achí R. The importance of integrons for development and propagation of resistance in Shigella: the case of Latin America. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:800-806. [PMID: 27528086 PMCID: PMC5052361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In Latin America, the disease burden of shigellosis is found to coexist with the rapid and rampant spread of resistance to commonly used antibiotics. The molecular basis of antibiotic resistance lies within genetic elements such as plasmids, transposons, integrons, genomic islands, etc., which are found in the bacterial genome. Integrons are known to acquire, exchange, and express genes within gene cassettes and it is hypothesized that they play a significant role in the transmission of multidrug resistance genes in several Gram-negative bacteria including Shigella. A few studies have described antibiotic resistance genes and integrons among multidrug resistant Shigella isolates found in Latin America. For example, in Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica and Peru, class 1 and class 2 integrons have been detected among multidrug resistant strains of Shigella; this phenomenon is more frequently observed in S. flexneri isolates that are resistant to trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. The gene cassette sul2, which is frequently detected in Shigella strains resistant to the sulfonamides, suggests that the sulfonamide-resistant phenotype can be explained by the presence of the sul2 genes independent of the integron class detected. It is to be noted that sul3 was negative in all isolates analyzed in these studies. The high frequency of sulfonamide (as encoded by sul2) and trimethoprim resistance is likely to be a result of the recurrent use of trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole as a popular regimen for the treatment of shigellosis. The observed resistance profiles of Shigella strains confirm that ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are ineffective as therapeutic options. In-depth information regarding antibiotic resistance mechanism in this pathogen is needed in order to develop suitable intervention strategies. There is a pressing need for regional and local antimicrobial resistance profiling of Shigella to be included as a part of the public health strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenia Barrantes
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Infection-Nutrition Section, Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud (INISA), San José, Costa Rica.
| | - Rosario Achí
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Infection-Nutrition Section, Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud (INISA), San José, Costa Rica
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Borruso L, Harms K, Johnsen PJ, Nielsen KM, Brusetti L. Distribution of class 1 integrons in a highly impacted catchment. Sci Total Environ 2016; 566-567:1588-1594. [PMID: 27312274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Polluted compounds into freshwater sediments may select and enrich bacteria carrying specific genetic compositions. Here we examine the possible use of class 1 integrons as bioindicators in freshwater environments. Samples were collected from various sediments in an urban area (Zhangye, Gansu province, China), specifically within the city, in the industrial zone, in the surrounding agricultural area and in a nearby national park. Integrons void of gene cassettes were present in all human-impacted sampling sites. A higher diversity of class 1 integrons with various gene cassettes was found in the agricultural area. Class 1 integrons and related gene cassettes were not detected in the national park. These results suggest that the prevalence and composition of class 1 integrons could be further developed as bioindicators in polluted freshwater environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigimaria Borruso
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
| | - Klaus Harms
- Centre for GeoGenetics, National History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pål Jarle Johnsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kaare Magne Nielsen
- Department of Life Sciences and Health Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Genøk-Centre for Biosafety, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lorenzo Brusetti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Integrons are bacterial genetic elements known to be active vectors of antibiotic resistance among clinical bacteria. They are also found in bacterial communities from natural environments. Although integrons have become especially efficient for bacterial adaptation in the particular context of antibiotic usage, their role in natural environments in other contexts is still unknown. Indeed, most studies have focused on integrons and the spread of antibiotic resistance in freshwater or soil impacted by anthropogenic activities, with only few on marine environments. Notably, integrons show a wider diversity of both gene cassettes and integrase gene in natural environments than in clinical environments, suggesting a general role of integrons in bacterial adaptation. This article reviews the current knowledge on integrons in marine environments. We also present conclusions of our studies on polluted and nonpolluted backgrounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Abella
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY Group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, BP 1155, 64013, Pau, Cedex, France
| | - Ana Bielen
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Biology and Microbial Genetics, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lionel Huang
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY Group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, BP 1155, 64013, Pau, Cedex, France
- Euro Engineering, Technopole Hélioparc Bât Newton, 4 rue Jules Ferry, CS N 99207, 64053, Pau, Cedex 09, France
| | - Tom O Delmont
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY Group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, BP 1155, 64013, Pau, Cedex, France
- Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biology Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Dušica Vujaklija
- Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Duran
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY Group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, BP 1155, 64013, Pau, Cedex, France
| | - Christine Cagnon
- Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY Group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, BP 1155, 64013, Pau, Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang C, Pang B, Zhou Z, Wang H, Zhou H, Lu X, Du P, Zhang L, Li J, Cui Z, Chen C, Stokes HW, Kan B. The purifying trend in the chromosomal integron in Vibrio cholerae strains during the seventh pandemic. Infect Genet Evol 2014; 26:241-9. [PMID: 24905599 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal integron (CI) arrays in Vibrio spp. are generally large and display great variation. Here we determined the sequence of CI array in a toxigenic O139 Vibriocholerae strain and compared it with the arrays from the genome of different O1 biotypes available in GenBank. Then PCR scanning was used to determine the CI array variations in 83 epidemic O139 strains and subsequently these variations were compared with that found in toxigenic O1 El Tor strains in our previous work. Few differences were observed in the cohort of toxigenic O139 strains compared to the toxigenic O1 El Tor strains. On the basis of CI arrays, the toxigenic O1 El Tor and O139 strains isolated concurrently in recent years appear to be more similar to each other than to the O1 strains isolated in previous decades, suggesting a closer evolutionary relationship between them. Comparison of CI arrays in toxigenic O1 El Tor and O139 V. cholerae strains isolated between 1961 and 2009 revealed a purifying trend in the CI arrays in the chronological order during the seventh pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuicai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhemin Zhou
- The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Haiyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - H W Stokes
- The ithree Institute, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Biao Kan
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhu Y, Yi Y, Liu F, Lv N, Yang X, Li J, Hu Y, Zhu B. Distribution and molecular profiling of class 1 integrons in MDR Acinetobacter baumannii isolates and whole genome-based analysis of antibiotic resistance mechanisms in a representative strain. Microbiol Res 2014; 169:811-6. [PMID: 24809232 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The class 1 integron is an important driver of the nosocomial dissemination of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, such as Acinetobacters. In this study, we characterized the gene cassette arrays of class 1 integrons in Acinetobacter baumannii, where the detailed structure of these integrons for 38 clinical strains was analyzed. The results showed that there are three types of gene cassette arrays that are carried by different class 1 integrons, among them the aac(6')-IId-catB8-aadA1 array was the most prevalent. For detailed analysis of the integron structure, whole genome sequencing was carried out on strain AB16, and it was found that a single integron on its chromosome has a partial Tn21 transposon in its 5' flanking region and two complete copies of the insertion element IS26 in both the 5' and 3' flanking regions, indicating that the integron could be acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Furthermore, there is one resistance island AbaR22, one bla gene containing a transposon, four intrinsic resistant genes and one efflux pump that together confer six types of antibiotic resistance.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zheng XY, Wen Y, Yin CH, Wang J. Integrons and gene cassettes in antibiotic-resistant Shigella. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2007; 15:855-859. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v15.i8.855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the widespread use of antibiotics, the question of drug resistance, especially multi-drug resistance, in Shigella is increasingly serious. As a new drug-resistant mechanism, integron system, which has the ability of capturing and expressing foreign genes, is attracting more and more attention. According to the difference of integrase, integrons can be divided into six types, of which type 1, 2 and 3 integrons are studied most and have been proved to be correlated with the drug resistance of bacteria. Recent studies indicated that type 2 integron is most commonly found in Shigella. In this article, we reviewed the conception and structure of integrons and gene cassettes as well as their correlations with the drug resistance of Shigella.
Collapse
|