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Naseer QA, Malik A, Zhang F, Chen S. Exploring the enigma: history, present, and future of long non-coding RNAs in cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:214. [PMID: 38847897 PMCID: PMC11161455 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are more than 200 nucleotides in length and do not encode proteins, play crucial roles in governing gene expression at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. These molecules demonstrate specific expression patterns in various tissues and developmental stages, suggesting their involvement in numerous developmental processes and diseases, notably cancer. Despite their widespread acknowledgment and the growing enthusiasm surrounding their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, the precise mechanisms through which lncRNAs function remain inadequately understood. A few lncRNAs have been studied in depth, providing valuable insights into their biological activities and suggesting emerging functional themes and mechanistic models. However, the extent to which the mammalian genome is transcribed into functional noncoding transcripts is still a matter of debate. This review synthesizes our current understanding of lncRNA biogenesis, their genomic contexts, and their multifaceted roles in tumorigenesis, highlighting their potential in cancer-targeted therapy. By exploring historical perspectives alongside recent breakthroughs, we aim to illuminate the diverse roles of lncRNA and reflect on the broader implications of their study for understanding genome evolution and function, as well as for advancing clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais Ahmad Naseer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shengxia Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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2
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Li Y, Shi X, Jia E, Qin S, Yu F. Extracellular vesicle biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Urol Oncol 2023; 41:440-453. [PMID: 37914569 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarkers have promising diagnostic and screening capabilities for several cancers, and growing evidence indicates that EV biomarkers can be used as diagnostic markers for prostate cancer (CaP). However, data on the diagnostic accuracy of EV biomarkers for CaP diagnosis are conflicting. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, aimed to summarize the diagnostic performance of EV biomarkers for CaP. We systematically searched PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science from inception to 12 September 2022 for studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of EV biomarkers for CaP. We summarized the pooled sensitivity and specificity calculated using a random-effects model. We identified 19 studies involving 976 CaP patients and 676 noncancerous controls; one study conducted independent validation tests. Ten studies emphasized EV RNAs, 6 on EV proteins, and 9 on biomarker panels. MiR-141, miR-221, and PSMA were the most frequently reported RNAs and proteins for CaP diagnosis. For individual RNAs and proteins, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 70% (95% CI: 68%-71%), 79% (95% CI: 77%-80%), 85% (95% CI: 81%-87%), and 83% (95% CI: 80%-86%), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the EV panels were 84% (95% CI: 82%-86%) and 86% (95% CI: 84%-88%), respectively. The studies may have been somewhat limited by the EV isolation and detection techniques. EV biomarkers showed promising diagnostic capability for CaP. Addressing deficiencies in EV isolation and detection techniques has important implications for the application of these novel noninvasive biomarkers in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianquan Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Erna Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaoyou Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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3
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Li Y, Wei C, Huang C, Ling Q, Zhang L, Huang S, Liao N, Liang W, Cheng J, Wang F, Mo L, Mo Z, Li L. Long noncoding RNA as a potential diagnostic tool for prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomarkers 2023; 28:1-10. [PMID: 36323640 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2142293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify consistently expressed lncRNAs and suitable lncRNAs with high sensitivity and specificity from multiple independent studies as potential biomarkers for PCa diagnostics. METHODS We searched multiple electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang, and CBMdisc for studies published up to July 2022. The quality of the included studies was assessed by two independent reviewers based on the QUADAS-2 tool using Review Manager 5.3. A vote-counting method was used based on the ranking of potential molecular biomarkers. The top-ranked lncRNAs were further assessed for diagnostic value using Meta-disc version 1.4 software. RESULTS Among the 26 included studies, 2 circulating lncRNAs (PCA3 and MALAT-1) were reported 3 or more times in PCa patients versus non-PCa patients. In further analysis, the areas under the curve of the summary receiver operating characteristic curves for PCA3 and MALAT-1 distinguishing PCa patients were 0.775 and 0.771, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Based on the current evidence, PCA3 and MALAT-1 are reliable lncRNAs for the diagnosis of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexin Li
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunmeng Wei
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Caihong Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiang Ling
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengzhu Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Naikai Liao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Weixia Liang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiwen Cheng
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fubo Wang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Linjian Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Longman Li
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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4
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Liu X, Mei W, Jin L, Sun X, Zhou Z, Xin S, Huang L, Yang G, Wang J, Ye L. Ubiquitin-related lncRNAs: The new tool for prognosis prediction in prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:948113. [PMID: 36185200 PMCID: PMC9524195 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.948113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To establish a ubiquitin-related long noncoding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) prognosis prediction model for prostate cancer (Pca). Methods Data were acquired through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Ubiquitin-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs in Pca were filtered out. UBE2S was selected as the representative gene and validated in vitro. Progression-free survival (PFS) predictive signature was established with ubiquitin-related lncRNAs screened by Cox regression analyses and internally validated. A nomogram was constructed to assess the prognosis of Pca patients. Gene enrichment analysis was performed to explore functional differences based on risk stratification. Between different risk groups, immune status and drug sensitivity were contrasted. Results A total of 254 ubiquitin-related genes were screened. UBE2S was shown to promote the proliferation of Pca cells in vitro. The predictive signature was established based on six ubiquitin-related lncRNAs and validated. The prognosis of Pca patients was worse with an increasing risk score. The area under the curve (AUC) of the signature was higher than that of clinicopathological variables (0.806 vs 0.504–0.701). The AUC was 0.811 for 1-year PFS, 0.807 for 3-year PFS, and 0.790 for 5-year PFS. The calibration curves of risk score-based nomogram demonstrated high consistency. By contrasting the expression of immune function, cells, and checkpoints, we found that the signature was closely related to immunity. The high-risk patients were more sensitive to gemcitabine, cisplatin, bortezomib, etc. and resistant to bicalutamide. Conclusion The ubiquitin-related lncRNAs can effectively predict the prognosis of Pca and may provide new treatment options for Pca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Putuo People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangli Mei
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianchao Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Urology, Putuo People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyong Xin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Huang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guosheng Yang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyou Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Ye, ; Jinyou Wang,
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Ye, ; Jinyou Wang,
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5
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Crocetto F, Russo G, Di Zazzo E, Pisapia P, Mirto BF, Palmieri A, Pepe F, Bellevicine C, Russo A, La Civita E, Terracciano D, Malapelle U, Troncone G, Barone B. Liquid Biopsy in Prostate Cancer Management—Current Challenges and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133272. [PMID: 35805043 PMCID: PMC9265840 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is a widespread malignancy, representing the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. In the last years, liquid biopsy has emerged as an attractive and promising strategy complementary to invasive tissue biopsy to guide PCa diagnosis, follow-up and treatment response. Liquid biopsy is employed to assess several body fluids biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and RNA (ctRNA). This review dissects recent advancements and future perspectives of liquid biopsy, highlighting its strength and weaknesses in PCa management. Abstract Although appreciable attempts in screening and diagnostic approaches have been achieved, prostate cancer (PCa) remains a widespread malignancy, representing the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Drugs currently used in PCa therapy initially show a potent anti-tumor effect, but frequently induce resistance and PCa progresses toward metastatic castration-resistant forms (mCRPC), virtually incurable. Liquid biopsy has emerged as an attractive and promising strategy complementary to invasive tissue biopsy to guide PCa diagnosis and treatment. Liquid biopsy shows the ability to represent the tumor microenvironment, allow comprehensive information and follow-up the progression of the tumor, enabling the development of different treatment strategies as well as permitting the monitoring of therapy response. Liquid biopsy, indeed, is endowed with a significant potential to modify PCa management. Several blood biomarkers could be analyzed for diagnostic, prognostic and predictive purposes, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs), extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and RNA (ctRNA). In addition, several other body fluids may be adopted (i.e., urine, sperm, etc.) beyond blood. This review dissects recent advancements and future perspectives of liquid biopsies, highlighting their strength and weaknesses in PCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.F.M.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Gianluca Russo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (P.P.); (F.P.); (C.B.); (U.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Pasquale Pisapia
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (P.P.); (F.P.); (C.B.); (U.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Benito Fabio Mirto
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.F.M.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.F.M.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Francesco Pepe
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (P.P.); (F.P.); (C.B.); (U.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Claudio Bellevicine
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (P.P.); (F.P.); (C.B.); (U.M.); (G.T.)
| | | | - Evelina La Civita
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (D.T.)
| | - Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (P.P.); (F.P.); (C.B.); (U.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.R.); (P.P.); (F.P.); (C.B.); (U.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Biagio Barone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.); (B.F.M.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
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6
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Diagnostic value of long noncoding RNA LINC01485 in patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Biochem 2022; 102:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Bae J, Yang SH, Kim A, Kim HG. RNA-based biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response monitoring of prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2021; 40:105.e1-105.e10. [PMID: 34952790 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the urinary tract. The current recommendations for CaP diagnosis rely on the prostate-specific antigen levels and a digital rectal examination for anatomical abnormalities. However, these diagnostic tools are not highly sensitive. In particular, prostate-specific antigen has a low positive predictive value (approximately 30%). Thus, there is a need to develop biomarkers to improve the early clinical detection of CaP. Several novel technologies enable the identification of biomarkers from diverse sources, including the urine, serum, and prostate tissues. Furthermore, advances in genomic techniques have enabled the analysis of novel biomarkers, such as deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), ribonucleic acids (RNAs), proteins, and circulating tumor cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that RNAs are potential diagnostic biomarkers for various cancers using high-throughput sequencing analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of RNA biomarkers are higher than those of protein biomarkers. Polymerase chain reaction enables the amplification of trace levels of RNAs with high sensitivity and specificity. RNA biomarkers provide dynamic insights into cellular states and regulatory processes when compared with DNA biomarkers. Additionally, multiple copies of various RNAs in a cell provide more information than DNA. The levels of specific RNAs in CaP tissues are upregulated when compared with those in non-cancerous tissues. Additionally, RNAs can be easily isolated from various body fluids. Thus, RNAs are potential non-invasive biomarkers for CaP. Moreover, the analysis of RNA levels adjusted for each stage of CaP enables the determination of prognostic individualized therapy for aggressive or progressive CaP. This review focused on the diagnostic and prognostic values of RNAs for CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyeon Bae
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Yang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Urology, KonKuk University Medical Center, KonKuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Gon Kim
- Department of Urology, KonKuk University Medical Center, KonKuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Sajjadi RS, Modarressi MH, Tabatabaiefar MA. JPX and LINC00641 ncRNAs expression in prostate tissue: a case-control study. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:493-504. [PMID: 34522197 PMCID: PMC8407155 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.323916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most prevalent cancer in men. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the main biomarker for screening PC. An increase in PSA could lead to false-positive results. Thus, more appropriate markers should be investigated. In the present study, JPX and LINC00641 expression levels were measured in tumoral prostate tissue compared with the non-tumor tissue. Experimental approach 43 pairs of prostate tumoral and non-tumor tissue were prepared. The expression levels of JPX and LINC00641 were investigated by RT-qPCR. Findings/Results Significant upregulation of LINC00641 (2.47 ± 0.5 vs 1.41 ± 0.2) and downregulation of JPX (1.42 ± 0.6 vs 2.83 ± 1.0) were observed in PC tissues compared with the normal tissues (their adjacent non-tumoral tissues). Conclusion and implications Dysregulation of JPX and LINC00641 in PC patients could be used in the future as a prognostic biomarker in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak S Sajjadi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Modarressi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.,Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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9
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Current Trends in Prevalence and Role of Long Noncoding RNA and Gene Fusion in Prostate Cancer: An Overview. ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (INDIA) 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to analyze the current scenario in the diagnostic modalities for prostate cancer.
Materials and Methods We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate for relevant data. Articles published in the last 10 years were taken into consideration. The role of long noncoding RNA and gene fusion products in the context of prostate cancer was reviewed, which included their roles in diagnosis, prognosis, and assessment of response to therapy.
Results Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) have been isolated and have been shown to be useful in diagnosing and prognosticating prostate cancer. We have also looked into the role of TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion in prostate carcinoma diagnosis. These molecular parameters have been looked into due to the fact that the current parameters in use such as prostate-specific antigen have several drawbacks that limit their potential.
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10
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Electrochemical Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 Using Specific RNA-Based Aptamer Labelled with Ferrocene. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9040059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on a feasibility study of electrochemical in-vitro detection of prostate cancer biomarker PCA3 (prostate cancer antigen 3) in direct assay with specific RNA aptamer labelled with a redox group (ferrocene) and immobilized on a screen-printed gold electrode surface. The cyclic voltammograms and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods yield encouraging results on the detection of PCA3 in a range of concentrations from 1 μg/mL down to 0.1 ng/mL in buffer solutions. Both anodic and cathodic current values in cyclic voltammograms measurements and charge transfer resistance values in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments correlate with the PCA3 concentration in the sample. Kinetics studies of the binding of the PCA3 to our aptamer demonstrated high specificity of the reaction with a characteristic affinity constant of approximately 4·10−10 molar. The results of this work provide a background for the future development of novel, highly sensitive and cost-effective diagnostic methodologies for prostate cancer detection.
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11
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Zhang J, Xu X, Yin J, Tang J, Hu N, Hong Y, Song Z, Bian B, Wu F. lncRNA OGFRP1 promotes tumor progression by activating the AKT/mTOR pathway in human gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:9766-9779. [PMID: 33744848 PMCID: PMC8064230 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As biomolecules of great clinical value, lncRNAs play a crucial role as regulators in the processes of tumor origin, metastasis, and recurrence. Thus, lncRNAs are urgently needed for research in gastric cancer. We elucidated the specific function of OGFRP1, both in vitro and in vivo. OGFRP1 was expressed at abnormally high levels in gastric cancer samples (n = 408) compared to normal samples (n = 211). Similar results were obtained in 30 clinical case samples. Interference of OGFRP1 markedly blocked cell proliferation and migration, and it induced cell cycle arrest and the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells in vitro. Phosphorylation of AKT was inhibited in cells transfected with OGFRP1 siRNA, as compared to their control cells. The in vivo results further confirmed the antitumor effects of OGFRP1 knockdown on gastric cancer. Decreases in tumor volume (104.23±62.27 mm3) and weight (0.1006±0.0488 g) in nude mice were observed during the OGFRP1 interference, as compared with the control group (418.96±211.96 mm3 and 0.2741±0.0769 g). OGFRP1 promotes tumor progression through activating the AKT/mTOR pathway. Our findings provide a new potential target for the clinical treatment of human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiujuan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital, Lianyungang, China
| | - Junfeng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yidong Hong
- Deparment of Oncology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyan Song
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Baoxiang Bian
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Fenglei Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
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12
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Ebrahimpour A, Sarfi M, Rezatabar S, Tehrani SS. Novel insights into the interaction between long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs in glioma. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2317-2335. [PMID: 33582947 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common brain tumor of the central nervous system. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to play a vital role in the initiation and progression of glioma, including tumor cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, invasion, and therapy resistance. New documents emerged, which indicated that the interaction between long non-coding RNAs and miRNAs contributes to the tumorigenesis and pathogenesis of glioma. LncRNAs can act as competing for endogenous RNA (ceRNA), and molecular sponge/deregulator in regulating miRNAs. These interactions stimulate different molecular signaling pathways in glioma, including the lncRNAs/miRNAs/Wnt/β-catenin molecular signaling pathway, the lncRNAs/miRNAs/PI3K/AKT/mTOR molecular signaling pathway, the lncRNAs-miRNAs/MAPK kinase molecular signaling pathway, and the lncRNAs/miRNAs/NF-κB molecular signaling pathway. In this paper, the basic roles and molecular interactions of the lncRNAs and miRNAs pathway glioma were summarized to better understand the pathogenesis and tumorigenesis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Ebrahimpour
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarfi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Rezatabar
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Nahand JS, Vandchali NR, Darabi H, Doroudian M, Banafshe HR, Moghoofei M, Babaei F, Salmaninejad A, Mirzaei H. Exosomal microRNAs: novel players in cervical cancer. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1651-1660. [PMID: 32957811 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer ranks fourth for both mortality and morbidity in women globally. Exosomes are considered as extracellular vesicles, secreted continuously by many cells with a size range from 30 to 150 nm. Exosomes can encapsulate microRNAs (miRNAs) and release them for cellular communications. This exosome-induced miRNA transfer is a novel strategy for genetic exchange among cells. This trafficking modality affects many pathological as well as physiological conditions. Moreover, exosomes can protect the miRNAs against harsh environments and keep them very stable. Given that a variety of exosomal miRNAs derived from cervical cancer cells can be targeted to recipient cells and contribute to tumorgenesis, it has been documented that exosomal miRNAs could be applied as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in the treatment of cervical cancer. Herein, we summarize the pathologic and diagnostic roles of exosomal miRNAs in the cervical cancer. Moreover, we highlight the roles of exosomal miRNAs in other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Rezaei Vandchali
- Department of Biochemistry & Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Hassan Darabi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Doroudian
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Banafshe
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Drug Applied Research Center, Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry & Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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14
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Fan H, Hou J, Liu S, Xiao Z, Cui J. Long Non-Coding RNA DARS-AS1 Contributes to Prostate Cancer Progression Through Regulating the MicroRNA-628-5p/MTDH Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:8363-8377. [PMID: 32982430 PMCID: PMC7490096 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s271021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose DARS antisense RNA 1 (DARS-AS1) is a long non-coding RNA that has been validated as a critical regulator in several human cancer types. Our study aimed to determine the expression profile of DARS-AS1 in prostate cancer (PCa) tissues and cell lines. Functional experiments were conducted to explore the detailed roles of DARS-AS1 in regulating PCa carcinogenesis. Furthermore, the detailed mechanisms by which DARS-AS1 regulates the oncogenicity of PCa cells were uncovered. Methods Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze DARS-AS1 expression in PCa tissues and cell lines. Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, flow cytometry analyses, Transwell assays, and tumor xenograft experiments were conducted to determine the regulatory effects of DARS-AS1 knockdown on the malignant phenotype of PCa cells. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify putative microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting DARS-AS1, and the direct interaction between DARS-AS1 and miR-628-5p was verified using RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. Results DARS-AS1 was highly expressed in PCa tissues and cell lines. In vitro functional experiments demonstrated that DARS-AS1 depletion suppressed PCa cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, and restricted cell migration and invasion. In vivo studies revealed that the downregulation of DARS-AS1 inhibited PCa tumor growth in nude mice. Mechanistic investigation verified that DARS-AS1 functioned as an endogenous miR-628-5p sponge in PCa cells and consequently promoted the expression of metadherin (MTDH). Furthermore, the involvement of miR-628-5p/MTDH axis in DARS-AS1-mediated regulatory actions in PCa cells was verified using rescue experiments. Conclusion DARS-AS1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA in PCa by adsorbing miR-628-5p and thereby increasing the expression of MTDH, resulting in enhanced PCa progression. The identification of a novel DARS-AS1/miR-628-5p/MTDH regulatory network in PCa cells may offer a new theoretical basis for the development of promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Fan
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhui Hou
- Department of Oncology & Radiotherapy, Qingdao Central Medical Group, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqing Liu
- Department of Outpatient, Qingdao Special Service Sanatorium of PLA Navy, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuomin Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Jigang Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Cui
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
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Tao T, Shen D, Yuan L, Zeng A, Xia K, Li B, Ge Q, Xiao J. Establishing a novel prediction model for improving the positive rate of prostate biopsy. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:574-582. [PMID: 32420162 PMCID: PMC7215001 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.12.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background At present, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the primary evaluation index for judging the necessity of prostate cancer (PCa) biopsy. However, there is a high false-positive rate and a low predictive value due to many interference factors. In this study, we tried to find a novel prediction model that could improve the positive rate of prostate biopsy and reduce unnecessary biopsy. Methods We retrospectively studied 237 patients, including their age, body mass index (BMI), PSA, prostate volume (PV), prostate imaging-reporting and data system (PI-RADS) v2 score, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), biopsy Gleason score (BGS), and other information. The univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to screen out indicators related to PCa. After establishing a prediction formula model, we used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to assess its prediction performance. Results Our study found that age, PSA, PI-RADS v2 score, and diabetes significantly correlated with PCa. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis results, we created the following prediction formula: Y = 2.599 × PI-RADS v2 score + 1.766 × diabetes + 0.052 × age + 1.005 × PSAD - 9.119. ROC curves showed the formula's threshold was 0.3543. The composite formula had an excellent capacity to detect PCa with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91. In addition, the composite formula also achieved significantly better sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy than PSA, PSA density (PSAD), and PI-RADS v2 score alone. Conclusions Our predictive formula predicted performance better than PSA, PSAD, and PI-RADS v2 score. It can thus contribute to the diagnosis of PCa and be used as an indicator for prostate biopsy, thereby reducing unnecessary biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Deyun Shen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ailiang Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China.,Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaiguo Xia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Qingyu Ge
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
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16
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Pardy L, Rosati R, Soave C, Huang Y, Kim S, Ratnam M. The ternary complex factor protein ELK1 is an independent prognosticator of disease recurrence in prostate cancer. Prostate 2020; 80:198-208. [PMID: 31794091 PMCID: PMC7302117 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both hormone-sensitive and castration- and enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancers (PCa) depend on the ternary complex factor (TCF) protein ELK1 to serve as a tethering protein for the androgen receptor (AR) to activate a critical set of growth genes. The two sites in ELK1 required for AR binding are conserved in other members of the TCF subfamily, ELK3 and ELK4. Here we examine the potential utility of the three proteins as prognosticators of disease recurrence in PCa. METHODS Transcriptional activity assays; Retrospective analysis of PCa recurrence using data on 501 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database; Unpaired Wilcoxon rank-sum test and multiple comparison correction using the Holm's method; Spearman's correlations; Kaplan-Meier methods; Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses; LASSO-based penalized Cox regression models; Time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS ELK4 but not ELK3 was coactivated by AR similar to ELK1. Tumor expression of neither ELK3 nor ELK4 was associated with disease-free survival (DFS). ELK1 was associated with higher clinical T-stage, pathology T-stage, Gleason score, prognostic grade, and positive lymph node status. ELK1 was a negative prognosticator of DFS, independent of ELK3, ELK4, clinical T-stage, pathology T-stage, prognostic grade, lymph node status, age, and race. Inclusion of ELK1 increased the abilities of the Oncotype DX and Prolaris gene panels to predict disease recurrence, correctly predicting disease recurrence in a unique subset of patients. CONCLUSIONS ELK1 is a strong, independent prognosticator of disease recurrence in PCa, underscoring its unique role in PCa growth. Inclusion of ELK1 may enhance the utility of currently used prognosticators for clinical decision making in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Pardy
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Rayna Rosati
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Claire Soave
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Yanfang Huang
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Seongho Kim
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Manohar Ratnam
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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17
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Soares JC, Soares AC, Rodrigues VC, Melendez ME, Santos AC, Faria EF, Reis RM, Carvalho AL, Oliveira ON. Detection of the Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 with Electrochemical and Impedance-Based Biosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46645-46650. [PMID: 31765118 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of prostate cancer via PCA3 biomarker detection is promising to be much more efficient than with the prostatic specific antigens currently used. In this study, we present the first electrochemical and impedance-based biosensors that are capable of detecting PCA3 down to 0.128 nmol/L. The biosensors were made with a layer of PCA3-complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe, immobilized on a layer-by-layer (LbL) film of chitosan (CHT) and carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). They are highly selective to PCA3, which was confirmed in impedance measurements and with polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). Using information visualization methods, we could also distinguish between cell lines expressing the endogenous PCA3 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) from cells that did not contain detectable levels of this biomarker. Since the methods involved in fabrication the biosensors are potentially low cost, one may hope to deploy PCA3 tests in any laboratory of clinical analyses and even for point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Coatrini Soares
- São Carlos Institute of Physics , University of São Paulo , 13566-590 São Carlos , Brazil
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Agribusiness (LNNA) , Embrapa Instrumentation , 13560-970 São Carlos , Brazil
| | - Andrey Coatrini Soares
- São Carlos Institute of Physics , University of São Paulo , 13566-590 São Carlos , Brazil
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Agribusiness (LNNA) , Embrapa Instrumentation , 13560-970 São Carlos , Brazil
| | | | - Matias Eliseo Melendez
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
| | - Alexandre Cesar Santos
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
| | - Eliney Ferreira Faria
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
| | - Rui M Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine , University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
| | - Andre Lopes Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics , University of São Paulo , 13566-590 São Carlos , Brazil
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18
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Zhou J, Yang X, Song P, Wang H, Wang X. HOXC6 in the prognosis of prostate cancer. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2715-2720. [PMID: 31271305 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1635136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Our study aimed to investigate the expression and prognostic role of homeobox C6 (HOXC6) in prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: Relative expression of HOXC6 at mRNA and protein levels in tissues and cell lines of PCa were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, respectively. Association between HOXC6 expression and clinical factors was analyzed by Chi-square test. HOXC6 effects on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of PCa cells were severally examined through CCK-8 and transwell assays. Results: Relative expressions of HOXC6 at mRNA and protein levels were obviously higher in both PCa tissues and cells than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues and normal human prostate epithelial cells (p < .05). Chi-square test demonstrated that high expression of HOXC6 was significantly associated with PSA concentration, Gleason score and TNM stage (p < .05). The down-regulation of HOCX6 remarkably inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with high HOXC6 expression had shorter overall survival than those with low HOXC6 expression (log rank test, p < .001). Conclusion: Up-regulated HOXC6, in PCa patients, could not only participate in the progression of PCa but also function as an independent prognostic marker for the cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Zhou
- a Lihuili Hospital , Ningbo , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiaogang Yang
- b Precision Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Handan City , Handan , Hebei , China
| | - Peng Song
- c Department of Oncology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- d School of Safety Engineering, China University of Labor Relations , Beijing , China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- e Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University , Hohhot , Inner Mongolia , China
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19
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Ren P, Hu M. A three long non-coding RNA signature to improve survival prediction in patients with Wilms' tumor. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6164-6170. [PMID: 31788091 PMCID: PMC6865675 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognostic significance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Wilms' tumor (WT) remains unclear. The present study identified differential lncRNA expression patterns between WT and normal tissues; and evaluated the prognostic value of these lncRNAs. Multidimensional data from 136 samples were retrieved from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database. Computational data analyses were performed to detect survival-associated molecular signatures. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed the prognostic prediction values for three of these lncRNAs, namely DLGAP1 antisense RNA 2 (DLGAP1-AS2), RP11-93B14.6 and RP11554F20.1. Cox regression analysis revealed that the three-lncRNA signature was significantly associated with patient survival (P<0.01). Functional enrichment analyses suggested that the target genes of these three lncRNAs may be involved in known cancer-associated pathways. The present study revealed a three-lncRNA signature consisting of DLGAP1-AS2, RP11-93B14.6 and RP11554F20.1 that may be used as a prognostic marker for patients with WT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ren
- Department of Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Hu
- Department of Surgery, Cixi People's Hospital of Zhejiang, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315300, P.R. China
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20
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Vickram AS, Samad HA, Latheef SK, Chakraborty S, Dhama K, Sridharan TB, Sundaram T, Gulothungan G. Human prostasomes an extracellular vesicle - Biomarkers for male infertility and prostrate cancer: The journey from identification to current knowledge. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 146:946-958. [PMID: 31730983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining attention among the cell biologists and researchers over the last two decades. Prostasomes are considered to be (Evs) secreted by prostate epithelial cells into the semen during emission or ejaculation. Prostasomes contain various proteins required for immune regulation namely, amino and dipeptidyl peptidase; endopeptidase (neutral); decay accelerating factor; angiotensin-converting enzyme. Sperm cells need a few prerequisites in order to fertilize the egg. The role of prostasomes in enhancing the male fertility was reviewed extensively throughout the manuscript. Also, prostasomes have an immunosuppressive, immunomodulatory, antibacterial role in the female reproductive tract, and in some cases they can be used as immunocontraceptive agent to regulate the fertility status. This review will give insights to many active researchers in the field of prostasomal research and male infertility/fertility research. This review will open many unanswered mechanisms of prostasomes with respect to structure-function analysis, fatty acids patterns in diagnosis as well as prognosis of male infertility/fertility. More scientific reports are in need to support the mechanism of prostasomes and its role in immunomodulation. The development of prostasomes as a biomarker for the prostate cancer is still miserable with a lot of controversial results by various researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Vickram
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Nagar, Chennai 602 105, India.
| | - Hari Abdul Samad
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shyma K Latheef
- Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243 122, India
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, R.K. Nagar, West Tripura 799008, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - T B Sridharan
- Department of Biotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thanigaivel Sundaram
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Nagar, Chennai 602 105, India
| | - G Gulothungan
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Nagar, Chennai 602 105, India
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21
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Liu Z, Mi M, Li X, Zheng X, Wu G, Zhang L. lncRNA OSTN-AS1 May Represent a Novel Immune-Related Prognostic Marker for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Based on Integrated Analysis of a ceRNA Network. Front Genet 2019; 10:850. [PMID: 31572452 PMCID: PMC6753250 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks are an effective method for investigating cancer; however, construction of ceRNA networks among different subtypes of breast cancer has not been previously performed. Based on analysis of differentially expressed RNAs between 150 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues and 823 non–triple-negative breast cancer (nTNBC) tissues downloaded from TCGA database, a ceRNA network was constructed based on database comparisons using Cytoscape. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve data were combined to screen out prognostic candidate genes, which were subsequently analyzed using co-expressed functionally related analysis, Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) pathway-related analysis, and immune infiltration and tumor mutational burden immune-related analysis. A total of 190 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), 48 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), and 13 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were included in the ceRNA network between TNBC and nTNBC subtypes. Gene ontology analysis of mRNAs coexpressed with prognostic candidate lncRNAs (AC104472.1, PSORS1C3, DSCR9, OSTN-AS1, AC012074.1, AC005035.1, SIAH2-AS1, and ERVMER61-1) were utilized for functional prediction. Consequently, OSTN-AS1 was primarily related to immunologic function, for instance, immune cell infiltration and immune-related markers coexpression. The GSVA deviation degree was increased with OSTN increased expression. In addition, many important immune molecules, such as PDCD1 and CTLA-4, were strongly correlated in terms of their quantitative expression. Competing endogenous RNA networks may identify candidate therapeutic targets and potential prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. In particular, OSTN-AS1 serves as a novel immune-related molecule and could be involved in immunotherapy efforts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mi Mi
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liling Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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22
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Abstract
While only a small part of the human genome encodes for proteins, biological functions for the so-called junk genome are increasingly being recognized through high-throughput technologies and mechanistic experimental studies. Indeed, novel mechanisms of gene regulation are being discovered that require coordinated interaction between DNA, RNA, and proteins. Therefore, interdisciplinary efforts are still needed to decipher these complex transcriptional networks. In this review, we discuss how non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are epigenetically regulated in cancer and metastases and consequently how ncRNAs participate in the sculpting of the epigenetic profile of a cancer cell, thus modulating the expression of other RNA molecules. In the latter case, ncRNAs not only affect the DNA methylation status of certain genomic loci but also interact with histone-modifying complexes, changing the structure of the chromatin itself. We present several examples of epigenetic changes causing aberrant expression of ncRNAs in the context of tumor progression. Interestingly, there are also important epigenetic changes and transcriptional regulatory effects derived from their aberrant expression. As ncRNAs can also be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis or explored as potential targets, we present insights into the use of ncRNAs for targeted cancer therapy.
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Fan W, Peng Y, Liang Z, Yang Y, Zhang J. A negative feedback loop of H19/miR‐675/EGR1 is involved in diabetic nephropathy by downregulating the expression of the vitamin D receptor. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17505-17513. [PMID: 30815865 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- WenXing Fan
- Department of Nephrology the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - YunZhu Peng
- Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Zhang Liang
- Department of Science and Technology Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - YueNa Yang
- Teaching Quality Monitoring and Assessment Center, Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan China
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24
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Htoo KPP, Yamkamon V, Yainoy S, Suksrichavalit T, Viseshsindh W, Eiamphungporn W. Colorimetric detection of PCA3 in urine for prostate cancer diagnosis using thiol-labeled PCR primer and unmodified gold nanoparticles. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 488:40-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Aghdam SG, Ebrazeh M, Hemmatzadeh M, Seyfizadeh N, Shabgah AG, Azizi G, Ebrahimi N, Babaie F, Mohammadi H. The role of microRNAs in prostate cancer migration, invasion, and metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9927-9942. [PMID: 30536403 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered the most prevalent malignancy and the second major cause of cancer-related death in males from Western countries. PCa exhibits variable clinical pictures, ranging from dormant to highly metastatic cancer. PCa suffers from poor prognosis and diagnosis markers, and novel biomarkers are required to define disease stages and to design appropriate therapeutic approach by considering the possible genomic and epigenomic differences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) comprise a class of small noncoding RNAs, which have remarkable functions in cell formation, differentiation, and cancer development and contribute in these processes through controlling the expressions of protein-coding genes by repressing translation or breaking down the messenger RNA in a sequence-specific method. miRNAs in cancer are able to reflect informative data about the current status of disease and this might benefit PCa prognosis and diagnosis since that is concerned to PCa patients and we intend to highlight it in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Golabi Aghdam
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Seyfizadeh
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Negin Ebrahimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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26
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Xu N, Wu YP, Yin HB, Xue XY, Gou X. Molecular network-based identification of competing endogenous RNAs and mRNA signatures that predict survival in prostate cancer. J Transl Med 2018; 16:274. [PMID: 30286759 PMCID: PMC6172814 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study is described the regulatory mechanisms and prognostic values of differentially expressed RNAs in prostate cancer and construct an mRNA signature that predicts survival. Methods The RNA profiles of 499 prostate cancer tissues and 52 non-prostate cancer tissues from TCGA were analyzed. The differential expression of RNAs was examined using the edgeR package. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method. microRNA (miRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) networks from the miRcode database were constructed, based on the differentially expressed RNAs between non-prostate and prostate cancer tissues. Results A total of 773 lncRNAs, 1417 mRNAs, and 58 miRNAs were differentially expressed between non-prostate and prostate cancer samples. The newly constructed ceRNA network comprised 63 prostate cancer-specific lncRNAs, 13 miRNAs, and 18 mRNAs. Three of 63 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 1 of 18 differentially expressed mRNAs were significantly associated with overall survival in prostate cancer (P value < 0.05). After the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, 4 mRNAs (HOXB5, GPC2, PGA5, and AMBN) were screened and used to establish a predictive model for the overall survival of patients. Our ROC curve analysis revealed that the 4-mRNA signature performed well. Conclusion These ceRNAs may play a critical role in the progression and metastasis of prostate cancer and are thus candidate therapeutic targets and potential prognostic biomarkers. A novel model that incorporated these candidates was established and might provide more powerful prognostic information in predicting survival in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Rd., Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Yu-Peng Wu
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Hu-Bin Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Rd., Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xue-Yi Xue
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China
| | - Xin Gou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Rd., Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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27
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Jiang P, Xu H, Xu C, Chen A, Chen L, Zhou M, Haq IU, Wu X, Mariyam Z, Feng Q. NEAT1 contributes to the CSC-like traits of A549/CDDP cells via activating Wnt signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 296:154-161. [PMID: 30291867 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to exert crucial roles in tumorigenesis and can serve as novel biomarkers for cancer therapy including lung cancer. Cisplatin is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory, partly due to drug resistance. Emerging evidence showed that chemo-resistance is associated with acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC)-like properties. Cisplatin resistance remains a major obstacle in the treatment of lung cancer, and its mechanism is still not fully elucidated. Meanwhile, CSCs have been involved in tumor metastasis, tumor recurrence and chemotherapy resistance. So far, the mechanism of nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in modulating CSCs in lung cancer remains barely known. Therefore, we aimed to explore the correlation between NEAT1 and cancer stem cells in lung cancer. In our current study, we observed that CSC-like traits were much more enriched in cisplatin-resistant A549/CDDP cells. In addition, NEAT1 was obviously up-regulated in A549/CDDP cells compared with parental A549 cells. Knockdown of NEAT1 decreased the CSC-like properties of A549/CDDP cells through inhibiting tumor cell sphere volume, repressing CSC-like biomarkers levels and restraining CD44 positive cell ratios. Oppositely, overexpression of NEAT1 enhanced the stemness respectively. Moreover, it has been reported that Wnt pathway is implicated in many vital cellular functions including cancer stem cells. Here, it was exhibited that Wnt signal pathway was inactivated by knockdown of NEAT1 whereas activated by NEAT1 overexpression in A549/CDDP cells. Taken these together, it was indicated that NEAT1 could exert a novel biological role in NSCLC chemo-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuyue Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aochang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ijaz Ul Haq
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zahula Mariyam
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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28
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Augspurger EE, Rana M, Yigit MV. Chemical and Biological Sensing Using Hybridization Chain Reaction. ACS Sens 2018; 3:878-902. [PMID: 29733201 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the advent of its theoretical discovery more than 30 years ago, DNA nanotechnology has been used in a plethora of diverse applications in both the fundamental and applied sciences. The recent prominence of DNA-based technologies in the scientific community is largely due to the programmable features stored in its nucleobase composition and sequence, which allow it to assemble into highly advanced structures. DNA nanoassemblies are also highly controllable due to the precision of natural and artificial base-pairing, which can be manipulated by pH, temperature, metal ions, and solvent types. This programmability and molecular-level control have allowed scientists to create and utilize DNA nanostructures in one, two, and three dimensions (1D, 2D, and 3D). Initially, these 2D and 3D DNA lattices and shapes attracted a broad scientific audience because they are fundamentally captivating and structurally elegant; however, transforming these conceptual architectural blueprints into functional materials is essential for further advancements in the DNA nanotechnology field. Herein, the chemical and biological sensing applications of a 1D DNA self-assembly process known as hybridization chain reaction (HCR) are reviewed. HCR is a one-dimensional (1D) double stranded (ds) DNA assembly process initiated only in the presence of a specific short ssDNA (initiator) and two kinetically trapped DNA hairpin structures. HCR is considered an enzyme-free isothermal amplification process, which shows substantial promise and offers a wide range of applications for in situ chemical and biological sensing. Due to its modular nature, HCR can be programmed to activate only in the presence of highly specific biological and/or chemical stimuli. HCR can also be combined with different types of molecular reporters and detection approaches for various analytical readouts. While the long dsDNA HCR product may not be as structurally attractive as the 2D and 3D DNA networks, HCR is highly instrumental for applied biological, chemical, and environmental sciences, and has therefore been studied to foster a variety of objectives. In this review, we have focused on nucleic acid, protein, metabolite, and heavy metal ion detection using this 1D DNA nanotechnology via fluorescence, electrochemical, and nanoparticle-based methodologies.
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29
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Chistiakov DA, Myasoedova VA, Grechko AV, Melnichenko AA, Orekhov AN. New biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of localized prostate cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 52:9-16. [PMID: 29360504 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The diagnostics and management of localized prostate cancer is complicated because of cancer heterogeneity and differentiated progression in various subgroups of patients. As a prostate cancer biomarker, FDA-approved detection assay for serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and its derivatives are not potent enough to diagnose prostate cancer, especially high-grade disease (Gleason ≥7). To date, a collection of new biomarkers was developed. Some of these markers are superior for primary screening while others are particularly helpful for cancer risk stratification, detection of high-grade cancer, and prediction of adverse events. Two of those markers such as proPSA (a part of the Prostate Health Index (PHI)) and prostate specific antigen 3 (PCA3) (a part of the PCA3 Progensa test) were recently approved by FDA for clinical use. Other markers are not PDA-approved yet but are available from Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment (CLIA)-certified clinical laboratories. In this review, we characterize diagnostic performance of these markers and their diagnostic and prognostic utility for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry A Chistiakov
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, Serbsky Federal Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Veronika A Myasoedova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V Grechko
- Federal Scientific Clinical Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitation, 109240, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Melnichenko
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315, Moscow, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609, Moscow, Russia.
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30
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Xu S, Wang P, You Z, Meng H, Mu G, Bai X, Zhang G, Zhang J, Pang D. The long non-coding RNA EPB41L4A-AS2 inhibits tumor proliferation and is associated with favorable prognoses in breast cancer and other solid tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20704-17. [PMID: 26980733 PMCID: PMC4991486 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
EPB41L4A-AS2 is a novel long non-coding RNA of unknown function. In this study, we investigated the expression of EPB41L4A-AS2 in breast cancer tissues and evaluated its relationship with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with breast cancer. This entailed conducting a meta-analysis and prognosis validation study using two cohorts from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In addition, we assessed EPB41L4A-AS2 expression and its relationship with the clinicopathological features of renal and lung cancers using the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and a GEO dataset. We also clarified the role of EPB41L4A-AS2 expression in mediating cancer cell proliferation in breast, renal, and lung cancer cell lines transfected with an EPB41L4A-AS2 expression vector. We found that high EPB41L4A-AS2 expression is associated with favorable disease outcomes. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that EPB41L4A-AS2 may be involved in processes associated with tumor biology. Finally, overexpression of EPB41L4A-AS2 inhibited tumor cell proliferation in breast, renal, and lung cancer cell lines. Our clinical and in vitro results suggest that EPB41L4A-AS2 inhibits solid tumor formation and that evaluation of this long non-coding RNA may have prognostic value in the clinical management of such malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouping Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zilong You
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hongxue Meng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Guannan Mu
- Biotherapy Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xianan Bai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Guangwen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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31
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Durinck K, Speleman F. Epigenetic regulation of neuroblastoma development. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 372:309-324. [PMID: 29350283 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, technological advances have enabled a detailed landscaping of the epigenome and the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation that drive normal cell function, development and cancer. Rather than merely a structural entity to support genome compaction, we now look at chromatin as a very dynamic and essential constellation that is actively participating in the tight orchestration of transcriptional regulation as well as DNA replication and repair. The unique feature of chromatin flexibility enabling fast switches towards more or less restricted epigenetic cellular states is, not surprisingly, intimately connected to cancer development and treatment resistance, and the central role of epigenetic alterations in cancer is illustrated by the finding that up to 50% of all mutations across cancer entities affect proteins controlling the chromatin status. We summarize recent insights into epigenetic rewiring underlying neuroblastoma (NB) tumor formation ranging from changes in DNA methylation patterns and mutations in epigenetic regulators to global effects on transcriptional regulatory circuits that involve key players in NB oncogenesis. Insights into the disruption of the homeostatic epigenetic balance contributing to developmental arrest of sympathetic progenitor cells and subsequent NB oncogenesis are rapidly growing and will be exploited towards the development of novel therapeutic strategies to increase current survival rates of patients with high-risk NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaat Durinck
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Frank Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Tehrani SS, Karimian A, Parsian H, Majidinia M, Yousefi B. Multiple Functions of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage Response and Cancer Progression. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:223-236. [PMID: 28608608 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In addition to aberrant alternation of transcriptome, it is now suggested that dysregulation of the non-coding transcripts, particularly long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which comprise the majority of the genome, is contributed to cancer initiation and progression. As the result of recent huge efforts, the possible roles of numerous lncRNAs in the human cancers were characterized, as well as various strategies with inhibitory effects to target these transcripts on the transformed cells. Moreover, DNA damage response (DDR) pathway is a complex regulatory network responsible for the identification of disruptions in DNA structure, integrity and stability- it is reported to be associated with the up-regulation and down-regulation of lncRNAs. This review explores the involvement of the various lncRNAs in different human cancers, afterwards discusses the association of the lncRNAs expression with the DDR and oxidative stress, which are implicated in a myriad pathophysiological and physiological intra- and extracellular damages. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 223-236, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ansar Karimian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hadi Parsian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Molecular Targeting Therapy Research Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sandhu C, Qureshi A, Emili A. Panomics for Precision Medicine. Trends Mol Med 2017; 24:85-101. [PMID: 29217119 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Medicine is poised to undergo a digital transformation. High-throughput platforms are creating terabytes of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data. The challenge is to interpret these data in a meaningful manner - to uncover relationships that are not readily apparent between molecular profiles and states of health or disease. This will require the development of novel data pipelines and computational tools. The combined analysis of multi-dimensional data is referred to as 'panomics'. The ultimate hope of integrative panomics is that it will lead to the discovery and application of novel markers and targeted therapeutics that drive forward a new era of 'precision medicine' where inter-individual variation is accounted for in the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alia Qureshi
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Emili
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Chen Y, Wei G, Xia H, Tang Q, Bi F. Long noncoding RNA‑ATB promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion in gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1940-1946. [PMID: 29257203 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)‑activated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (lncRNA-ATB) was recognized as an unfavorable prognostic factor in various cancers; however, its regulatory role in gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. The present study aimed to measure lncRNA‑ATB expression in GC and to explore its involvement in GC progression. lncRNA‑ATB expression levels were measured in 40 pairs of GC tissues and their normal adjacent tissues, as well as in 5 GC cell lines and a normal gastric mucosal cell line by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Knockdown experiments were performed to explore the effect of lncRNA‑ATB on the cell proliferation, invasion and migration. The results demonstrated that lncRNA‑ATB expression levels in GC tissues and GC cell lines were significantly higher than in the adjacent normal tissues and normal gastric mucosal cells. Further analysis of the correlation between the clinicopathological features and lncRNA‑ATB expression indicated that higher expression of lncRNA‑ATB was correlated with increased invasion depth, more distant metastasis and advanced tumor‑node‑metastasis stage. In addition, downregulated lncRNA‑ATB expression suppressed cellular proliferation, invasion and migration of GC cells. In conclusion, these data suggested that lncRNA‑ATB may serve as a clinical outcome predictor and potential therapeutic target in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Wei
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Xia
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qiulin Tang
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction and Molecular Targeted Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Feng Bi
- Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Long noncoding RNA ILF3-AS1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via negatively regulating miR-200b/a/429 in melanoma. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20171031. [PMID: 28935763 PMCID: PMC5672086 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most malignant skin cancer, which account for most of skin-cancer-related deaths. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of noncoding RNAs with crucial roles in many cancers. However, the roles of lncRNAs in melanoma have not been well studied. In the present study, using public available data and clinical tissues samples, we found that lncRNA ILF3-AS1 is up-regulated in melanoma tissues and cell lines, and correlated with poor prognosis of melanoma patients. Functional experiments showed that knockdown of ILF3-AS1 inhibits melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, we found that ILF3-AS1 interacts with EZH2, promotes the binding of EZH2 to the miR-200b/a/429 promoter, and represses miR-200b/a/429 expression. The expression of ILF3-AS1 is negatively correlated with that of miR-200b/a/429 in melanoma tissues. Moreover, inhibition of miR-200b/a/429 abrogates the biological roles of ILF3-AS1 knockdown on melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that melanoma-upregulated lncRNA ILF3-AS1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via negatively regulating miR-200b/a/429, and imply that ILF3-AS1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma.
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lncRNA DANCR promotes tumor progression and cancer stemness features in osteosarcoma by upregulating AXL via miR-33a-5p inhibition. Cancer Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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37
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Misawa A, Takayama KI, Inoue S. Long non-coding RNAs and prostate cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:2107-2114. [PMID: 28796922 PMCID: PMC5665759 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts larger than 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins the aberrant expression of which has been documented in various types of cancer, including prostate cancer. Lack of appropriate sensitive and specific biomarkers for prostate cancer has led to overdiagnosis and overtreatment, making lncRNAs promising novel biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for the disease. The present review attempts to summarize the current knowledge of lncRNA expression patterns and mechanisms in prostate cancer, which contribute to carcinogenesis. In particular, we focused on lncRNAs regulated by androgen receptor and expressed in castration‐resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Misawa
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Takayama
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Functional Biogerontology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Functional Biogerontology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Sun HF, Wang WD, Feng L. Effect of SPAG9 on migration, invasion and prognosis of prostate cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9468-9474. [PMID: 31966820 PMCID: PMC6965962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study was designed to explore the expression of sperm associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) in patients with prostate cancer and estimate the correlation between SPAG9 mRNA expression and prognosis of prostate cancer patients. Moreover, we also investigated the role of SPAG9 in migration and invasion of prostate cancer cell lines. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was adopted to detect the expression of SPAG9 mRNA in prostate cancer tissues. Chi-square was used to evaluate the relationship between SPAG9 expression and the clinical features of prostate cancer patients. Tranwell assay was performed to detect the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic value of SPAG9 in prostate cancer patients. RESULTS The qRT-PCR results showed that SPAG9 mRNA was highly expressed in prostate cancer tissues than the control group (P<0.05). There was tight relationship between SPAG9 mRNA expression and clinical characteristics such as Gleason score, NED rate and radical prostatectomy (P<0.05). Overexpression of SPAG9 in vitro significantly promoted the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high SPAG9 mRNA expression had higher mortality than those with low expression (P<0.001). Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that SPAG9 was a prognostic factor for prostate cancer patients (P=0.000, HR=4.878, 95% CI=2.422-9.825). CONCLUSION In a word, SPAG9 is a novel prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fu Sun
- Department of Urology Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Wei-Dong Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Institute for Immunization Program, Shandong Center for Disease Control and PreventionJinan 250014, Shandong, China
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Dong J, Su M, Chang W, Zhang K, Wu S, Xu T. Long non-coding RNAs on the stage of cervical cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1923-1931. [PMID: 28849103 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of most malignant gynecological tumors. However, effective means for diagnosing and treating cervical cancer have yet to be identified. A few decades ago, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were regarded as useless parts of the genome, however, increasing data have demonstrated the importance of lncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancers. The aim of the present study is to summarize the role(s) of HOTAIR, MALAT1, CCAT2, SPRY4-IT1, RSU1P2, CCHE1, lncRNA-EBIC and PVT1. Approximately 14 lncRNAs are involved in cervical cancer and several important proteins, miRNAs and other molecules and play crucial roles in a few traditional signaling pathways that have been proven to be related to those lncRNAs. In conclusion, lncRNAs may be useful as exact treatment targets and diagnostic biomarkers for improving therapies in cervical cancer patients and lncRNAs may contribute to effective diagnosis and treatment methods for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxue Dong
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Manman Su
- College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Weiqin Chang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Shuying Wu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Tianmin Xu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Zhu Z, Dai J, Liao Y, Ma J, Zhou W. [ARTICLE WITHDRAWN] Knockdown of Long Noncoding RNA LINC00152 Suppresses Cellular Proliferation and Invasion in Glioma Cells by Regulating miR-4775. Oncol Res 2017; 26:857-867. [PMID: 28800786 PMCID: PMC7844725 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15016337254597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in various biological properties of glioma cells. Herein we aimed to elucidate the function and the possible molecular mechanisms of long intergenic noncoding RNA 152 (LINC00152) in glioma cells. Relative expressions of LINC00152, miR-4775, and CDK6 in U-118 MG cells were regulated by transfections. Thereafter, cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were analyzed by CCK-8, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays. Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay was conducted to validate the target genes of LINC00152 and miR-4775. Expression of components of the signal pathways were detected by Western blot. The results showed that LINC00152 knockdown significantly suppressed cell viability, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, LINC00152 functioned as a molecular sponge for miR-4775, and inhibition of miR-4775 reversed the tumor-suppressive effects of LINC00152 knockdown on glioma cells. Furthermore, CDK6 was confirmed to be a target of miR-4775, and overexpression of CDK6 reduced apoptosis and abolished the inhibitory effects of miR-4775 overexpression on cell viability, migration, and invasion. Overexpression of CDK6 activated the PI3K/AKT/MAPK and Notch signal pathways. Overall, these findings demonstrate that LINC00152 plays an oncogenic role in glioma cells by regulation of miR-4775, which may therefore be a potential therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhankun Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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41
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Cantile M, Scognamiglio G, Marra L, Aquino G, Botti C, Falcone MR, Malzone MG, Liguori G, Di Bonito M, Franco R, Ascierto PA, Botti G. HOTAIR role in melanoma progression and its identification in the blood of patients with advanced disease. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3422-3432. [PMID: 28067428 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms responsible for the metastatic progression of melanoma have not been fully defined yet. We have recently shown that an important role in this process is certainly played by HOX genes, whose regulation is under control of particular non-coding RNAs, some of which are present within the HOX locus. HOTAIR is the most studied among them, whose aberrant expression is associated with the metastatic progression of many malignancies. The aim of this study was to verify the role played by HOTAIR in metastatic progression of melanoma and to evaluate the circulating levels of HOTAIR in the blood of patients with metastatic melanoma. A series of melanocytic lesions were selected to evaluate the potential changes in the expression of HOTAIR during the evolution of the disease through in situ and molecular approaches. None of the benign melanocytic lesions showed the presence of HOTAIR. The staining of HOTAIR resulted very weak in the primary pT1 lesions, while it was very strong in all pairs of primary tissues and corresponding metastases. Surprisingly, we found the presence of HOTAIR in some intratumoral lymphocytes, while this positivity decreased in lymphocyte component further away from the tumor. HOTAIR was also detected in the serum of selected metastatic patients. These data allowed us to speculate on the fundamental role played by HOTAIR in tumor evolution of melanoma. Its presence in intratumoral lymphocytes might suggest that its involvement in the modulation of tumor microenvironment and the detection in the serum could be used in the management of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Giosuè Scognamiglio
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura Marra
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Gabriella Aquino
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Botti
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Falcone
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Liguori
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Department of Psychiatry, Pathology Unit, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Ascierto
- Unit of Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione "G. Pascale", Napoli, Italy
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Droop J, Szarvas T, Schulz WA, Niedworok C, Niegisch G, Scheckenbach K, Hoffmann MJ. Diagnostic and prognostic value of long noncoding RNAs as biomarkers in urothelial carcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176287. [PMID: 28430799 PMCID: PMC5400278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated in cancer and contribute to oncogenesis. In urothelial carcinoma (UC), several lncRNAs have been reported to be overexpressed and proposed as biomarkers. As most reports have not been confirmed independently in large tissue sets, we aimed to validate the diagnostic and prognostic value of lncRNA upregulation in independent cohorts of UC patients. Thus, expression of seven lncRNA candidates (GAS5, H19, linc-UBC1, MALAT1, ncRAN, TUG1, UCA1) was measured by RT-qPCR in cell lines and tissues and correlated to clinicopathological parameters including follow-up data (set 1: N n = 10; T n = 106). Additionally, publicly available TCGA data was investigated for differential expression in UC tissues (set 2: N n = 19; T n = 252,) and correlation to overall survival (OS). All proposed candidates tended to be upregulated in tumour tissues, with the exception of MALAT1, which was rather diminished in cancer tissues of both data sets. However, strong overexpression was generally limited to individual tumour tissues and statistically significant overexpression was only observed for UCA1, TUG1, ncRAN and linc-UBC1 in tissue set 2, but for no candidate in set 1. Altered expression of individual lncRNAs was associated with overall survival, but not consistently between both patient cohorts. Interestingly, lower expression of TUG1 in a subset of UC patients with muscle-invasive tumours was significantly correlated with worse OS in both cohorts. Further analysis revealed that tumours with low TUG1 expression are characterized by a basal-squamous-like subtype signature accounting for the association with poor outcome. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that overexpression of the candidate lncRNAs is found in many UC cases, but does not occur consistently and strongly enough to provide reliable diagnostic or prognostic value as an individual biomarker. Subtype-dependent expression patterns of lncRNAs like TUG1 could become useful to stratify patients by molecular subtype, thus aiding personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Droop
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tibor Szarvas
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Wolfgang A. Schulz
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Niedworok
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathrin Scheckenbach
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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43
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Liu Y. The context of prostate cancer genomics in personalized medicine. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3347-3353. [PMID: 28521441 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in males. Heterogeneous genomic aberrations may lead to prostate cancer onset, progression and metastasis. This heterogeneity also contributes to the variety in cancer risk and outcomes, different drug responses and progression, observed between individual patients. Classical prognostic factors, including prostate-specific antigen, Gleason Score and clinical tumor staging, are not sufficient to portray the complexity of a clinically relevant cancer diagnosis, risk prognosis, treatment choice and therapy monitoring. There is a requirement for novel genetic biomarkers in order to understand the oncogenic heterogeneity in a patient-personalized clinical setting and to improve the efficacy of risk prognosis and treatment choice. A number of biomarkers and gene panels have been established from patient sample cohort studies. These previous studies have provided distinct information to the investigation of heterogeneous malignancy in prostate cancer, which aids in clinical decision-making. Biomarker-guided therapies may facilitate the effective selection of drugs during early treatment; therefore, are beneficial to the individual patient. A non-invasive approach allows for convenient and repeated sampling to screen for cancer and monitor treatment response without the requirement for invasive tissue biopsies. With the current availability of numerous advanced technologies, reliable detection of the minimal tumor residues present following treatment may become clinical practice and, therefore, inform further in the field of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Liu
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
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Long Non-Coding RNA as Potential Biomarker for Prostate Cancer: Is It Making a Difference? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14030270. [PMID: 28272371 PMCID: PMC5369106 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Whole genome transcriptomic analyses have identified numerous long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts that are increasingly implicated in cancer biology. LncRNAs are found to promote essential cancer cell functions such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, with the potential to serve as novel biomarkers of various cancers and to further reveal uncharacterized aspects of tumor biology. However, the biological and molecular mechanisms as well as the clinical applications of lncRNAs in diverse diseases are not completely understood, and remain to be fully explored. LncRNAs may be critical players and regulators in prostate cancer carcinogenesis and progression, and could serve as potential biomarkers for prostate cancer. This review focuses on lncRNA biomarkers that are already available for clinical use and provides an overview of lncRNA biomarkers that are under investigation for clinical development in prostate cancer.
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Long Noncoding RNA PVT1 as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Melanoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7038579. [PMID: 28265576 PMCID: PMC5318621 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7038579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidences indicated that plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) plays vital roles in several cancers. However, the expression, functions, and clinical values of PVT1 in melanoma are still unknown. In this study we measured the expression of PVT1 in clinical tissues and serum samples and explored the diagnostic value of PVT1 for melanoma and the effects of PVT1 on melanoma cell proliferation, cell cycle, and migration. Our results, combined with publicly available PVT1 expression data, revealed that PVT1 is upregulated in melanoma tissues compared with nonneoplastic nevi tissues. Serum PVT1 level is significantly increased in melanoma patients compared with age and gender-matched nonmelanoma controls with melanocytic nevus. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that serum PVT1 level could sensitively discriminate melanoma patients from controls. Furthermore, serum PVT1 level indicted melanoma dynamics. Functional experiments showed that overexpression of PVT1 promotes melanoma cells proliferation, cell cycle progression, and migration, while depletion of PVT1 significantly inhibits melanoma cells proliferation, cell cycle progression, and migration. Collectively, our results indicate that PVT1 functions as an oncogene in melanoma and could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma.
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46
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Huang S, Lu W, Ge D, Meng N, Li Y, Su L, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhao B, Miao J. A new microRNA signal pathway regulated by long noncoding RNA TGFB2-OT1 in autophagy and inflammation of vascular endothelial cells. Autophagy 2016; 11:2172-83. [PMID: 26565952 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1106663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
TGFB2-OT1 (TGFB2 overlapping transcript 1) is a newly discovered long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) derived from the 3'UTR of TGFB2. It can regulate autophagy in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). However, the mechanisms of TGFB2-OT1 action are unclear, and whether it is involved in VECs dysfunction needs investigation. Here, the level of TGFB2-OT1 was markedly increased by lipopolysaccharide and oxidized low-density lipoprotein, 2 VECs inflammation triggers. A chemical small molecule, 3-benzyl-5-((2-nitrophenoxy) methyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (3BDO) significantly decreased TGFB2-OT1 levels and inhibited the effect of LPS and oxLDL. The NUPR1 level was upregulated by the 2 inflammation inducers and modulated the TGFB2-OT1 level by promoting the expression of TIA1, responsible for TGFB2-OT1 processing. We focused on how TGFB2-OT1 regulated autophagy and inflammation. Use of miRNA chip assay, TGFB2-OT1 overexpression technology and 3BDO revealed that TGFB2-OT1 regulated the levels of 3 microRNAs, MIR3960, MIR4488 and MIR4459. Further studies confirmed that TGFB2-OT1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA, bound to MIR3960, MIR4488 and MIR4459, then regulated the expression of the miRNA targets CERS1 (ceramide synthase 1), NAT8L (N-acetyltransferase 8-like [GCN5-related, putative]), and LARP1 (La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 1). CERS1 and NAT8L participate in autophagy by affecting mitochondrial function. TGFB2-OT1 increased the LARP1 level, which promoted SQSTM1 (sequestosome 1) expression, NFKB RELA and CASP1 activation, and then production of IL6, IL8 and IL1B in VECs. Thus, NUPR1 and TIA1 may control the level of TGFB2-OT1, and TGFB2-OT1 bound to MIR3960, MIR4488 and MIR4459, which targeted CERS1, NAT8L, and LARP1, respectively, the key proteins involved in autophagy and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuYa Huang
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - Wei Lu
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - Di Ge
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - Ning Meng
- b Institute of Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - Ying Li
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - Le Su
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - ShangLi Zhang
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - Yun Zhang
- c The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research; Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health; Qilu Hospital; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - BaoXiang Zhao
- b Institute of Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
| | - JunYing Miao
- a Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology; School of Life Science; Shandong University ; Jinan , China.,c The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research; Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health; Qilu Hospital; Shandong University ; Jinan , China
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Zhang D, Li Z, Zhang Y, Tu C, Huo J, Liu Y. miR-4262 promotes the proliferation of human cutaneous malignant melanoma cells through KLF6-mediated EGFR inactivation and p21 upregulation. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3657-3663. [PMID: 27779691 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the levels and functions of microRNAs (miRs) have been associated with carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of miR-4262 in the proliferation of human cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) cells. The expression levels of miR-4262 were significantly upregulated in cancerous tissues compared with those in matched adjacent normal tissues from 110 CMM patients. miR-4262 was also regulated in five types of CMM cell lines, displaying an opposite expression pattern to that of Kruppel-like 6 (KLF6), a proven tumor suppressor in several cancers other than CMM. KLF6 overexpression sharply reduced A375 cell proliferation, suppressed the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and increased p21 expression levels, while knockdown of KLF6 by siRNA transfection had an opposite effect. Furthermore, KLF6 was proven to be a direct target gene of miR-4262 by bioinformatic analysis and KLF6‑3'UTR luciferase reporter assay. Finally, our data on miR-4262 mimic and inhibitor transfection indicated that miR-4262 could markedly reduce the expression of KLF6 protein and had a stimulatory effect on A375 cell proliferation. Our findings indicate that KLF6 acts as a tumor suppressor in CMM cells and miR-4262 promotes the proliferation of CMM cells through KLF6-mediated EGFR inactivation and p21 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Zhangjun Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Chen Tu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jia Huo
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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Udensi UK, Tchounwou PB. Oxidative stress in prostate hyperplasia and carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:139. [PMID: 27609145 PMCID: PMC5017015 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostatic hyperplasia (PH) is a common urologic disease that affects mostly elderly men. PH can be classified as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or prostate cancer (PCa) based on its severity. Oxidative stress (OS) is known to influence the activities of inflammatory mediators and other cellular processes involved in the initiation, promotion and progression of human neoplasms including prostate cancer. Scientific evidence also suggests that micronutrient supplementation may restore the antioxidant status and hence improve the clinical outcomes for patients with BPH and PCa. This review highlights the recent studies on prostate hyperplasia and carcinogenesis, and examines the role of OS on the molecular pathology of prostate cancer progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udensi K Udensi
- NIH/NIMHD RCMI Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- NIH/NIMHD RCMI Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA.
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49
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Genome-wide profiling of transfer RNAs and their role as novel prognostic markers for breast cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32843. [PMID: 27604545 PMCID: PMC5015097 DOI: 10.1038/srep32843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs, key molecules in protein synthesis) have not been investigated as potential prognostic markers in breast cancer (BC), despite early findings of their dysregulation and diagnostic potential. We aim to comprehensively profile tRNAs from breast tissues and to evaluate their role as prognostic markers (Overall Survival, OS and Recurrence Free Survival, RFS). tRNAs were profiled from 11 normal breast and 104 breast tumor tissues using next generation sequencing. We adopted a Case-control (CC) and Case-Only (CO) association study designs. Risk scores constructed from tRNAs were subjected to univariate and multivariate Cox-proportional hazards regression to investigate their prognostic value. Of the 571 tRNAs profiled, 76 were differentially expressed (DE) and three were significant for OS in the CC approach. We identified an additional 11 tRNAs associated with OS and 14 tRNAs as significant for RFS in the CO approach, indicating that CC alone may not capture all discriminatory tRNAs in prognoses. In both the approaches, the risk scores were significant in the multivariate analysis as independent prognostic factors, and patients belonging to high-risk group were associated with poor prognosis. Our results confirmed global up-regulation of tRNAs in BC and identified tRNAs as potential novel prognostic markers for BC.
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Foulds CE, Panigrahi AK, Coarfa C, Lanz RB, O'Malley BW. Long Noncoding RNAs as Targets and Regulators of Nuclear Receptors. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2016; 394:143-76. [PMID: 26362934 DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Intensive research has been directed at the discovery, biogenesis, and expression patterns of long noncoding RNAs , yet their biochemical functions have remained elusive for the most part. Nuclear receptors that interpret signaling mediated by small molecule hormones play a role in regulating the expression of some long noncoding RNAs. More importantly, these RNAs have also been shown to effect hormone-affected gene transcription regulated by the nuclear receptors. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge that has been acquired on hormonal signaling inducing expression of long noncoding RNAs and how they then may act in trans or in cis to modulate gene transcription. We highlight a few of these noncoding RNA molecules in terms of how they may impact hormone-driven cancers. Future directions critical for moving this field forward are presented, with a clear emphasis on the need for better biochemical approaches to address the mechanism of action of these exciting RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Foulds
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Panigrahi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rainer B Lanz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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